Muscle

Origin

Insertion

Anterior Thoracoappendicular

Pectoralis Major

clavicular head- medial clavicle

sternocostal head- manubrium and body
lateral part of the intertubercular
of sternum, costal cartilages of 2-6 ribs
groove of the humerous
abdominal headaponeurosis of external oblique muscle

Pectoralis Minor

Upper margins of ribs 3-5

coracoid process of the scapula

Subclavius

1st rib cartilage

inferior surface of the midclavicle

Serratus Anterior

anterior surface of upper 8-9 ribs

medial border of the scapula on the

costal side

Deltoid

lateral third of clavicle, spine of scapula,

acromion

deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Teres Major

inferior angle of the scapula

medial lip of bicipital or intertubercular

groove of humerus

supraspinous fossa of scapula

superior part of greater tuberosity of

humerus, capsule of shoulder joint

Posterior Thoracoappendicular
extrinsic back muscles
Scapulohumeral- rotator cuff
(posterior)

Scapulohumeral- rotator cuff

(anterior)
Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

infraspinous fossa of scapula

Teres Minor

posterolateral border of scapula

Subscapularis

subscapular fossa

medial facet of greater tuberosity of

humerus, capsule of shoulder joint
lowest facet of greater tuberosity
lesser tuberosity of humerus, capsule
of shoulder joint

Anterior Compartment of Arm

Coracobrachialis (deeper)

short head- coracoid process of scapula

long head- supraglenoid region of the
scapula
coracoid process of scapula

Brachialis (deeper)

distal anterior humerus

ulnar tuberosity

Triceps Brachii

long head: (more medial) infraglenoid

tubercle of scapula
lateral head: (more lateral) upper
posterious humerus
medial head: (deep) lower posterior
humerus

olecranon of ulna

Anconeus

lateral epicondyle of humerus

olecranon and posterior ulna

Biceps Brachii (superficial)

radial tuberosity (also some fascia of

forearm via bicipital aponeurosis)
mid-humerus

Posterior Compartment of Arm

Posterior Forearm (superficial)

Brachioradialis

lower lateral humerus

styloid process of the radius

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

base of 2nd metacarpal

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi

lateral epicondyle via common extensor

tendon
lateral epicondyle via common extensor
tendon, posterior ulna
lateral epicondyle via common extensor
tendon
lateral epicondyle via common extensor
tendon

bases of 3rd metacarpal

base of 5th metacarpal
lateral and dorsal surfaces of all
phalanges of medial 4 digits
proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Posterior Forearm (deep)

Abductor Pollicis Longus

posterior ulna, interosseus membrane,

middle radius

lateral side of the 1st metacarpal

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

posterior radius, interosseus membrane

base of the proximal phalanx of thumb

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Extensor Indicis
Supinator

middle posterior ulna, interosseus

membrane
distal posterior ulna, interosseus
membrane

base of distal phalanx of thumb

proximal phalanx of index finger

lateral epicondyle, superior lateral ulna

lateral and anterior upper radius

humeral (superficial) head: medial

epicondyle via common flexor tendon
ulnar (deep) head: coronoid process of
the ulna

lateral mid-radius

Anterior Forearm (superficial)

Pronator Teres

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

medial epicondyle via common flexor

tendon
medial epicondyle via common flexor
tendon
humeral head: medial epicondyle via
common flexor tendon
ulnar head: olecranon

base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal bones

palmar aponeurosis
pisiform, hamate, & 5th metacarpal

Anterior Forearm (intermediate)

humeral head: medial epicondyle via
common flexor tendon
ulnar head: coronoid process
radial head: anterior radius

middle phalanx of medial 4 digits

Flexor Digitorium Profundus

medial anterior ulna and interossieous

membrane

distal phalanges of medial 4 digits

Flexor Pollicis Longus

anterior surface of radius, coronoid

distal phalanx of thumb palmar side
process of ulna, interosseous membrane

Flexor Digitorium Superficials

Anterior Forearm (deep)

Pronator Quadratus
Dorsal side of the Hand
Dorsal Interossei

distal anterior ulna

distal lateral radius

radial side of index finger, radial side

each of these 4 muscles have 2 heads of
of middle finger, ulnar side of middle
origin - from adjacent metacarpals
finger, ulnar side of the 4th finger

Palmar side of the Hand

connective tisuue of skin on the ulnar
side palm (unique bc goes does not
have insert/origin on a bone)

Palmaris Brevis (superficial)

palmar aponeuoris

Lumbericals (superficial)

the lateral 2 have 1 head of origin (lateral

two tendons of the flexor digitorum, the
lateral side of extensor expansion
medial 2 lumbricals are "bipennate" (hood) of digits 2, 3, 4, & 5 (origin is
have 2 heads of origin from the medial 3 tendons and insertion is tendons)
tendons of the flexor digitorum muscles

Adductor Pollicis (deep)

oblique head: carpal bones and bases of

medial side of proximal phalanx of
2nd & 3rd metacarpals
thumb
transverse head: body of 3rd metacarpal

Palmar Interossei (deep)

palmar surface of 2, 4, 5 metacarpal

extensor expansions of digits and

bases of proximal phalanges of digits
2, 4, 5. There is NO insertion to digit 3
(remember it has 2 dorsal interrosei
serving it)

Palmar side (thenar region)

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

carpal bones

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

flexor retinaculum, trapezium

Oppens Pollicis (deeper)

flexor retinaculum, trapezium

base of proximal phalanx on lateral

side of thumb
base of proximal phalanx of thumb
lateral or radial side of 1st metacarpal
body

Palmar side (hypothenar region)

Abductor Digiti Minimi

carpal bones

Flexor Digiti Minimi

carpal bones

Oppens Digiti Minimi

carpal bones

medial side of base of proximal 5th

phalanx
palmar side of base of proximal 5th
phalanx
body of 5th metacarpal

Innervation

Function

Arterial Supply

lateral and medial pectorial nerves

adducts and medially rotates the head of

the humerus, clavicular head alone can
flex the humerus, from this position the
sternocostal head helps extend the
humerus

thoracoacromial artery
internal thoracic artery

downward (inferior) rotation of the scapula, pectoral branch of

also stabilizes the scapula
thoracoacromial artery
nerve to the subclavius (branch C5- depresses lateral end of the clavicle and clavicular branch of the
6)
stabilizes the clavicle
thoracoacromial artery
medial pectorial nerve

long thoracic nerve

scapula is fixed then it will raise ribs

(respiration)- this is interesting bc can act
on its origin most muscles act on their
lateral thoracic artery
insertion. Also protracts/abducts the
scapula and superiorly rotates the glenoid
cavity

axillary

abducts (middle part of deltoid), flexes

(front deltoid) and extends (back deltoid)
arm.

posterior humeral circumflex

artery,
deltoid branch of
thoracoacromial artery(more
anterior)

lower subscapular

adducts and medially rotates the arm

scapular circumflex

suprascapular

assists deltoid in abducting arm

suprascapular

suprascapular
scapular circumflex
scapular circumflex
subscapular
lateral thoracic

suprascapular

laterally rotates humerus

axillary

adducts and laterally rotates humerus

upper and lower subscapular

medially rotates humerus

musculocutaneous

flexes elbow, supinates forearm, flexes

arm (only a little and long head only)

musculocutaneous

flexes and adducts arm

musculocutaneous

flexes elbow

radial

extends forearm (long head also adducts

and extends arm)

deep brachial

radial

assists tricep in extending foream,

stabilizes elbow joint

deep brachial

brachial
brachial
brachial
radial recurrent

radial

flexes forearm

radial

extends wrist, laterally abducts hand

radial

extends wrist, laterally abducts hand

radial

extends wrist, medially abducts hand

radial

extends fingers, assists in wrist extension posterior interosseus

radial

extends 5th digit, assists in wrist extension posterior interosseus

radial

abducts thumb and wrist

radial
radial
radial

extends proximal phalanx of thumb and

assists in extending wrist
extends distal phalanx of thumb and
assists in extending wrist
extends index finger, assists in extending
wrist

radial recurrent
radial
radial recurrent
radial
radial recurrent
posterior interosseus

posterior interosseus
posterior interosseus
posterior interosseus
posterior interosseus

deep branch of radial

supinates forearm

radial recurrent
posterior interosseus

median

pronates forearm, flexes elbow

anterior ulnar recurrent

median

flexes wrist, radially abducts hand, assists

radial
with elbow flexion

median

flexes wrist, assists with elbow flexion

posterior ulnar recurrent

ulnar (exception to median nerve

rule)

flexes wrist, medially abducts hand,

assists with elbow flexion

posterior ulnar recurrent

median

flexes middle and proximal phalanges,

aids in flexing wrist and forearm

radial and ulnar

median and ulnar (1/2 & 1/2)

flexes distal phalanges, aids in flexing

wrist and forearm

ulnar and anterior

interosseous

median

flexes distal phalanx of tumb, aid in flexing

anterior interosseous
wrist

median

pronates forearm

ulnar

Abducts the middle 3 fingers, the middle

finger receives two insertions and can
abduct either laterally or medially (DAB)

anterior interosseous

ulnar

median nerve to lateral 2 lumbricals

(1 & 2)
ulnar nerve to medial 2 lumbricals
(3 & 4)

flex the MP joint and extend the IP joints of

the fingers (imagine waving bye bye or
placing your fingers to cue up ball in
billiards) (lever action of lumbrical insertion
on extensor digit tendon allows them to
flex MP and extend IP joints)

ulnar (deep) ( only thumb muscle

innervated by ulnar nerve)

Adducts thumb

ulnar

adduct digits 2, 4, 5. Also assists in flexing

the MP joint and extending the IP joints

median

abducts thumb

median

flexes thumb

median

oppose thumb to another finger

ulnar

abducts 5th digit

ulnar

flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

ulnar

draws little finger into opposition with

thumb