Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Stoichiometry
Section 11.1 Defining
Stoichiometry
pages 368372
Practice Problems
pages 371372
209
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
b. ___Zn(s) ___HNO3(aq)
4Zn(s) 10HNO3(aq)
4Zn(NO3)2(aq) 1N2O(g) 5H2O(l)
4 mol H2
1 mol Fe O
4 mol H
4 mol H O _
__
__
2
1 mol Fe3O4
3
3 mol Fe
3 mol Fe
3 mol Fe
1 mol Fe O
1 mol Fe O
4 mol H O
__
__
__
3
4 mol H2
4 mol H2O
4 mol H2
4 mol H O
4 mol H
4 mol H
__
__
__
2
1 mol Fe3O4
1 mol Fe3O4
4 mol H2O
1 mol O
1 mol O
2 mol HgO _
__
__
2 mol Hg
2 mol Hg
2 mol HgO
2 mol HgO
2 mol Hg __
2 mol Hg
__
_
2 mol HgO
1 mol O2
1 mol O2
1 mol ZnO __
1 mol ZnO
1 mol ZnO
__
__
2 mol HCl
1 mol ZnCl2
1 mol H2O
2 mol HCl
2 mol HCl
2 mol HCl
__
__
__
1 mol ZnCl
1 mol ZnCl
1 mol ZnCl
__
__
__
2 mol Al O
3 mol O
4 mol Al __
_
__
2
3 mol O2
2 mol Al2O3
4 mol Al
2 mol Al O
3 mol O
4 mol Al
_
__
__
2
4 mol Al
3 mol O2
2 mol Al2O3
1 mol ZnO
1 mol ZnCl2
1 mol ZnO
1 mol H2O
2 mol HCl
1 mol H2O
1 mol H O __
1 mol H O
1 mol H O __
__
2
1 mol ZnO
2 mol HCl
1 mol ZnCl2
13 mol O2
4 10
8 mol CO2
4 10
10 mol H2O
8 mol CO
10 mol H O
13 mol O
__
__
__
2
2 mol C4H10
2 mol C4H10
2 mol C4H10
10 mol H O _
8 mol CO
10 mol H O __
__
2
13 mol O2
8 mol CO2
13 mol O2
8 mol CO
13 mol O
13 mol O
__
__
_
2
10 mol H2O
210
10 mol H2O
8 mol CO2
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
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11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
6H2 3O2
6H2O
2H2O2 2H2O O2
2 mol H2O2/2 mol H2O, 2 mol H2O2/1 mol O2,
2 mol H2O/2 mol H2O2, 2 mol H2O/1 mol O2,
1 mol O2/2 mol H2O2, 1 mol O2/2 mol H2O
Practice Problems
pages 375377
Solutions Manual
2 mol CS
_
3.00 mol CS
2
1 mol S8
211
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
4 mol H S
_
6.00 mol H S
2
1 mol S8
__
1 mol Cl2
1 mol C
__
1.25 mol C
1 mol TiO2
12.011 g C
__
15.0 g C
1 mol C
Cl2 ? g
79.865 g TiO
__
99.8 g TiO
2
1 mol TiO2
2 mol NaCl
212
1 mol TiO2
70.90 g Cl
__
177 g Cl
2 mol Cl
__
2.50 mol Cl
2 mol SO2
6.25 mol O2 needed
2.50 mol
1 mol O
_
NaCl
Electric
energy
2 mol H2SO4
2 mol SO2
12.5 mol H2SO4 produced
70.9 g Cl
_ 88.6 g Cl
1 mol Cl2
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
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11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
98.09 g H SO
__
2
1 mol H2SO4
N2 gas
page 378
65.02 g NaN3
3 mol N
__
2.307 mol N
2
2 mol NaN3
2.307 mol N2
28.02 g N
__
64.64 g N
1 mol N2
metric problems.
1 mol SO
__
0.0390 mol SO
2
64.07 g SO2
2 mol H SO
__
2
2 mol SO2
Solutions Manual
213
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
nitrogen as follows:
0.6261 mol Fe O
1 mol Fe O
__
compared to __
2
( __ )
1.34 mol H2
1 mol
1.34 mol H2
2.016 g H2
(_)
( __ )
2 mol NH3
3 mol H2
4.350 mol Na
(2.70 g H2)
17.031 g NH3
1 mol NH3
b. reactant in excess
Sodium is the excess reactant.
2 mol Fe
__
1 mol Fe2O3
reaction.
1.252 mol Fe
The concept map should explain how to determine the mass of CaCl2 produced from a given
mass of HCl.
Concept maps will vary, but all should show the
use of these conversion factors: the inverse of
molar mass, the mole ratio, the molar mass.
1.252 mol Fe
1 mol Fe
6 mol Na
__
1 mol Fe2O3
3.757 mol Na needed
Make mole mass conversion.
22.9 g Na
_
1 mol Na
86.37 g Na needed
page 383
100.0 g Fe2O3
55.85 g Fe
_
69.92 g Fe
3.757 mol Na
Practice Problems
100.0 g Na
6 mol Na
1 mol Fe O
__
2
159.7 g Fe2O3
0.6261 mol Fe2O3
214
Solutions Manual
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11
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SOLUTIONS MANUAL
page 384
1 mol CO
__ 2.00 mol CO
2
44.01 g CO2
1 mol H O
64.0 g H O __ 3.55 mol H O
18.02 g H2O
each reaction.
a. Wood burns in a campfire.
6 mol H2O
__ 2.00 mol H O
6 mol H2O
6 mol CO2
18.02 g H O
__
6 mol CO2
0.333 mol C6H12O6
Make mole 0 mass conversion.
0.333 mol C6H12O6
60.0 g C6H12O6
1 mol H2O
36.0 g H2O needed
__
180.24 g C6H12O6
1 mol C6H12O6
1320 g P4S3.
correct
Solutions Manual
215
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
pages 385388
product is recovered.
Practice Problems
% yield
20.0 g Cu
__
1 mol AlCl3
1 mol Al(OH)3
63.55 g Cu
0.315 mol Cu
133.3 g AlCl
__
23.9 g AlCl
2 mol Ag
_
0.630 mol Ag
1 mol Cu
1 mol AlCl3
1 mol Cu
__
0.315 mol Cu
78.0 g Al(OH)3
0.179 mol Al(OH)3
610.3 g ZnI2
84.48% yield of ZnI2
page 387
14.0 g Al(OH)3
515.6 g ZnI
__
100
0.630 mol Ag
Zn I2 0 ZnI2.
a. Determine the theoretical yield if 1.912 mol
of zinc is used.
1 mol Ag
107.9 g Ag
__
68.0 g Ag
60.0 g Ag
_
100
68.0 g Ag
88.2% yield of Ag
1 mol ZnI
_
1.912 mol ZnI
2
1 mol Zn
__ 610.3 g ZnI
319.2 g ZnI2
1 mol ZnI2
216
page 388
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
11
CHAPTER
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
( __ )
1.500 mol Fe
1 mol Fe
1.500 mol Fe
55.845 g Fe
( __ ) ( __ )
1 mol Fe2S3
207.885 g Fe2S3
2 mol Fe
1 mol Fe2S3
155.9 g Fe2S3
pages 392397
Section 11.1
Mastering Concepts
36. Why must a chemical equation be balanced
before you can determine mole ratios?
Mole ratios are determined by the coefficients
in a balanced equation. If the equation is not
balanced, the relationship between reactants and
products cannot be determined.
(83.77 g Fe)
Chapter 11 Assessment
stoichiometric calculations.
Mole ratios allow for the conversion from moles of
one substance in a balanced chemical equation to
moles of another substance in the same equation.
moles of A to moles of B?
of subscripts?
Reaction Data
Mass of empty crucible
35.67 g
38.06 g
39.15 g
moles B
_
moles A
1 mol Mg
__
24.31 g Mg
0.0983 mol Mg
0.983 mol Mg
40.31 g MgO
2 mol MgO
__
__
2 mol Mg
1 mol MgO
3.96 g MgO
% yield
3.48 g MgO
__
100
3.96 g MgO
87.9% yield of MgO
Solutions Manual
217
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Mastering Problems
44. Interpret the following equation in terms of
particles, moles, and mass.
1 mol (NH ) Cr O
1 mol (NH ) Cr O
__
__
4 2
4 2
1 mol N2
1 mol Cr2O3
1 mol (NH ) Cr O
__
4 2
Mass:
4Al 4 mol Al(26.982 g/mol) 107.93 g
4 mol H2O
__ __
1 mol N2
1 mol Cr2O3
1 mol (NH4)2Cr2O7
1 mol (NH4)2Cr2O7
4 mol H O
__
1 mol (NH4)2Cr2O7
2M2N M4 N2
Mass:
2 mol M N __
2 mol M N
__
,
,
2
1 mol M4
1 mol N2
1 mol M
1 mol M __
_
,
,
4
1 mol N
1 mol N
__
,_
218
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
11
lead(II) nitrate solution, lead(II) chloride precipitates and a solution of nitric acid is produced.
a. Write the balanced chemical equation for the
reaction.
Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
2HCl(aq) Pb(NO3)2(aq)
PbCl2(s) 2HNO3(aq)
2 mol Fe
__
1 mol Fe2O3
Mass:
1 mol FeCr
__
2
1 mol FeCr2O4
219
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Section 11.2
Mastering Concepts
54. What is the first step in all stoichiometric
calculations?
Write a balanced chemical equation for the
reaction.
2 mol SO2
provide?
Moles of Products
0.90
0.30
0.60
1.20
calculations?
W: 0.90/0.30 3
X: 0.30/0.30 1
Y: 0.60/0.30 2
Z: 1.20/0.30 4
3W X 0 2Y 4Z
___Mg(OH)2 ___HCl
___ MgCl2 ___ H2O
a. Balance the reaction of Mg(OH)2 with HCl.
1Mg(OH)2 2HCl 1MgCl2 2H2O
1 mol Mg(OH)2
220
or
1 mol MgCl
__
2
2 mol HCl
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Mastering Problems
60. Ethanol (C2H5OH ), also known as grain
alcohol, can be made from the fermentation
of sugar (C6H12O6). The unbalanced chemical
equation for the reaction is shown below.
___C6H12O6 ___C2H5OH ___CO2
Balance the chemical equation and determine
the mass of C2H5OH produced from 750 g of
C6H12O6.
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH 2CO2
2 mol C H OH
__
Solutions Manual
2 5
1 mol C6H12O6
46.07 g
__
1 mol C2H5OH
2 5
2 5
3 7
2 5
1 mol C3H7COOC2H5
523 g C3H7COOC2H5
390 g C2H5OH
221
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
__ 0.625 mol C H
2 mol C8H18
8 18
16 mol CO2
114.28 g C H
__ 71.4 g C H
8 18
1 mol C8H18
1 mol CHCl3
1 mol CH4
Mass
KO2
Mass
H2O
Mass
CO2
Mass
KHCO3
Mass
O2
1100 g
140 g
7.0 102 g
1600 g
380 g
1 mol K2CrO4
323.2 g PbCrO
__
80.8 g PbCrO
4
1 mol PbCrO4
119.37 g CHCl3
1 mol CHCl
1 mol CH
__
__
16.04 g CH
__
6.72 g CH
8 18
1 mol N H
30.03 g N H
__
__
2 2
1 mol N2
3.00 102 g N2H2
222
2 2
1 mol N2H2
Solutions Manual
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11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
150.0 g ore
2 5
46.08 g C2H5OH
2.170 mol C2H5OH
2 mol CO
__
2
1 mol C2H5OH
50.2 g Au
__
100 33.5% gold in ore
44.01 g CO
__
2
1 mol CO2
191.0 g CO2 produced
1 mol AgBr
__
187.77 g AgBr
1.46 103 mol AgBr
1 mol Na Ag(S O )
__
3
3 2
1 mol AgBr
mol Na3Ag(S2O3)2
___
Section 11.3
207.2 g Pb
1 mol Pb
303.23 g PbSO4
73.2 g PbSO4
1 mol PbSO4
__
1 mol NaCN
4 mol Au
__
__
49.01 g NaCN
196.97 g Au
50.2 g Au
1 mol Au
__
Solutions Manual
8 mol NaCN
Mastering Concepts
73. How is a mole ratio used to find the limiting
reactant?
The actual mole ratio of reactants from the
chemical equation is compared to the mole ratio
determined from the given quantities.
223
11
CHAPTER
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
reactant.
1 mol XeF6
Mastering Problems
76. The reaction between ethyne (C2H2) and
hydrogen (H2) is illustrated in Figure 11.13.
The product is ethane (C2H6). Which is the
limiting reactant? Which is the excess reactant?
Explain.
1 mol CsXeF
__
10.0 mol CsXeF
55.85 g Fe
2 mol Fe
_
_
3 mol CO
1 mol Fe
1120 g Fe
Ethyne
Hydrogen
Ethane
Ethyne
224
Solutions Manual
11
CHAPTER
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
1 mol CI
__
0.226 mol CI
23.0 g P4
16.0 g Cl2
70.90 g CI2
25.0 g Li
1 mol P
__
0.185 moles
1 mol Li
_
3.60 mol Li
6.94 g Li
123.88 g P4
1 mol P
_
4
10 mol CI2
0.0226 mol P4 needed
25.0 g Br2
1 mol Br
__
0.156 mol Br
2
159.80 g Br2
2 mol LiBr
_
0.312 mol LiBr
86.84 g LiBr
__
27.1 g LiBr
1 mol Zn
_
0.380 mol Zn
65.3 g Zn
30.0 g MnO2
1 mol MnO
__
2
1 mol Zn(OH)
__
2
2 mol MnO2
99.39 g Zn(OH)
__
17.1 g Zn(OH)
2
1 mol Zn(OH)2
1 mol Br2
1 mol LiBr
2 mol Li
_
0.312 mol Li used
1 mol Br2
86.92 g MnO2
0.345 mol MnO2
6.94 g Li
_
22.8 g Li remaining
1 mol Li
Section 11.4
Mastering Concepts
83. What is the difference between actual yield and
theoretical yield?
Actual yield is the amount of product actually
obtained experimentally. Theoretical yield is the
amount of product predicted by a stoichiometric
calculation.
determined?
Actual yield is determined through
experimentation. Theoretical yield is calculated
from a given reactant or the limiting reactant.
Solutions Manual
225
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Mastering Problems
90. Ethanol (C2H5OH) is produced from the
fermentation of sucrose (C12H22O11) in the
presence of enzymes.
C12H22O11(aq) H2O(g) 0
4C2H5OH(l) 4CO2(g)
Determine the theoretical yield and the percent
yield of ethanol if 684 g of sucrose undergoes
fermentation and 349 g of ethanol is obtained.
actual yeild
__
100 percent yield
theoretical yield
Element A
Element B
theoretical yield:
684 g C12H22O11
1 mol C H O
__
12 22
11
342.23 g C12H22O11
46.07 g C H OH
4 mol C H OH
__
__
2 5
2 5
1 mol C12H22O11
369 g C2H5OH
% yield
1 mol C2H5OH
actual yield
__
100
theoretical yield
349 g
100 94.6%
369 g
226
1 mol PbS
__
239.27 g PbS
223.19 g PbO
2 mol PbO
__ __ 186.6 g PbO
2 mol PbS
1 mol PbO
is obtained?
% yield
170.0 g
_
100 91.10%
186.6 g
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
2.00 mol HF
1 mol CaCO
__
100.06 g CaCO
43.99 g CO
1
mol
CO
__ __ 103 g CO
1 mol CO2
% yield
45.8 g H SiF
__
100 95.4% yield
2
48.0 H2SiF6
% yield
103 g CO2
CO2 is collected?
1 mol H2SiF6
144.11 g H SiF
__
48.0 g H2SiF6
1 mol CaCO3
6 mol HF
0.333 mol H2SiF6
1 mol H SiF
__
60.09 g SiO2
1 mol ZrI
__
4
598.84 g ZrI4
91.22 g Zr
1 mol Zr
_
_ 6.85 g of Zr
1 mol ZrI4
1 mol Zr
actual yield
__
100
theoretical yield
5.00 g Zr
_ 100 73.0%
% yield
1 mol HF
40.0 g HF __ 2.00 mol HF
20.01 g HF
6.85 g Zr
__
1 mol SiO
__
0.333 mol SiO
2
6 mol HF
60.09 g SiO
__
2
1 mol SiO2
20.0 g SiO2 in excess
Solutions Manual
227
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
CO(g)
CH3OH(l)
Mass
8.50 g
9.71 g
Molar mass
28.01 g/mol
32.05 g/mol
Moles
0.303 mol
0.303 mol
10
49.92 g of P4
1 mol P
123.88 g P
__
__
4
1 mol P4O10
1 mol P4
49.92 g P4
228
2 mol Ca3(PO4)2
2Ca3(PO4)2(s) 6SiO2(s) 0
6CaSiO3(l) P4O10(g)
0.8060 mol
1 mol P O
__
% yield
1 mol SiO
__
6.657 mol of SiO
2
60.08 g SiO2
1 mol Ca (PO )
__
3
250.0 g Ca3(PO4)2
400.0 g SiO2
1 mol MnO
__
0.989 mol MnO
2
86.94 g MnO2
1 mol HCI
__
1.37 mol HCI
36.46 g HCI
4 2
310.17 g Ca3(PO4)2
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
1 mol CI
70.90 g CI
_
__
2
4 mol HCI
24.3 g CI2.
1 mol CI2
_ 100 82.3%
20.0 g CI2
24.3 g CI2
2 mol NO
__
2
2 mol NO
Mixed Review
98. Ammonium sulfide reacts with copper(II)
nitrate in a double replacement reaction. What
mole ratio would you use to determine the
moles of NH4NO3 produced if the moles of
CuS are known?
2 mol NH NO
__
1 mol CuS
80.11 g CaNCN
1 mol CaNCN
__
__
1 mol N2
1 mol CaNCN
401 g CaNCN
1 mol Cu
1 mol CuO
__
__
79.55 g CuO
1 mol CuO
63.55 g Cu
__
25.6 g Cu
1 mol Cu
2.02 g H
_
4.04 g H
2 mol H2O
1 mol H2
% yield
3.80 g H
_
100 94.1%
2
4.04 g H2
1 mol H
__
30
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
Mass of Fe (g)
229
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
1 mol Fe O
3 mole O
__
__
2
159.7 g Fe2O3
2 mole Fe2O3
Think Critically
104. Analyze and Conclude In an experiment,
lab to investigate limiting and excess reactants. The students added different volumes
of sodium phosphate solution (Na3PO4) to a
beaker. They then added a constant volume of
cobalt(II) nitrate solution (Co(NO3)2), stirred
the contents, and allowed the beakers to sit
overnight. The next day, each beaker had a
purple precipitate formed at the bottom. The
students decanted the supernatant from each
beaker, divided it into two samples, and added
one drop of sodium phosphate solution to one
sample and one drop of cobalt(II) nitrate solution to the second sample. Their results are
shown in Table 11.5.
Reaction
with Drop
of Na3PO4
Reaction
with
Drop of
Co(NO3)2
Trial
Volume
Na3PO4
Volume
Co(NO3)2
5.0 mL
10.0 mL
purple
no
precipitate reaction
10.0 mL
10.0 mL
no
reaction
purple
precipitate
15.0 mL
10.0 mL
no
reaction
purple
precipitate
20.0 mL
10.0 mL
no
reaction
purple
precipitate
230
reaction.
2Na3PO4 (aq) 3Co(NO3)2 (aq) 0 Co3(PO4)2
(s) 6NaNO3 (aq)
Solutions Manual
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
11
the reaction.
Challenge Problem
109. When 9.59 g of a certain vanadium oxide is
heated in the presence of hydrogen, water and
a new oxide of vanadium are formed. This
new vanadium oxide has a mass of 8.76 g.
When the second vanadium oxide undergoes
additional heating in the presence of hydrogen,
5.38 g of vanadium metal forms.
a. Determine the empirical formulas for the
two vanadium oxides.
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
V:
5.38 g
__
0.106 mol
O:
4.21 g
__
0.263 mol
50.94 g/mol
15.999 g/mol
0.263 mol
_
2.48 2.5
0.106 mol
O:
5.38 g
__
0.106 mol
50.94 g/mol
3.38 g
__
0.211 mol
15.999 g/mol
0.211 mol
_
1.99 2
181.88 g/mol
1 mol V2O5
2.016 g H2
__
0.106 g H2
1 mol H2
2 mol H2
8.76 g VO2
__
_
82.94 g/mol
1 mol VO2
2.016 g H2
0.426 g H2
1 mol H2
__
Cumulative Review
110. You observe that sugar dissolves more quickly
in hot tea than in iced tea.You state that higher
temperatures increase the rate at which sugar
dissolves in water. Is this statement a hypothesis or a theory? Why? (Chapter 1)
a hypothesis, because it is based only on
observation, not on data
b. aluminum
[Ne]3s23p1
c. titanium
[Ar]4s23d2
d. radon
[Xe]6s24f145d106p6
0.106 mol
Solutions Manual
231
11
CHAPTER
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
acid?
Additional Assessment
Percent by mass
52.2
50
40
53.3
54.5
54.5
36.4
34.8
36.4
30
13.0
10
6.7
Ethanol
9.1
9.1
Compound name
232
20
Solutions Manual
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11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
2 mol C6H4(OH)2
__
from eqauation
Document-Based Questions
4 mol H2O2
2 mol C H (OH)
__
4 mol H O
110.12 g C H (OH)
1 mg
__
__
2
6 4
be produced?
1.47 103 mol H2O2
H2O2
H2O O2 Energy
108.09 g C6H4O2
__
C6H4(OH)2
Hydroquinone
C6H4O2
Benzoquinone
50 mg
2 mol C6H4O2
__
4 mol H2O2
1
mg
__
1 mol C6H4O2
1 103 g
79.4 mg C6H4O2 produced
Catalyst
OH
OH
1 mol C6H4(OH)2
1 103 g
80.9 mg C6H4(OH)2 used
6 4
? mg
__
3
100.0 mg C6H4(OH)2 1 10 g
1 mg
1
mol
__
9.08 104 mol
110.00 g C6H4(OH)2
C6H4(OH)2
NaCl
700.0 g
Na2CO3
500.0 g
Ca(OH)2
300.0 g
__ __
3
1 mol
50.0 mg H2O2 1 10 g
1 mg
34.02 g H2O2
1.47 103 mol H2O2
___
AgNO3
100.0 g
KClO3
200.0 g
NaH2PO4
350.0 g
Solutions Manual
233
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SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Cu(s) 2AgNO3(aq) 0
2Ag(s) Cu(NO3)2(aq)
__
1 mol AgNO
1mol Cu
__
__
3
169.88 g AgNO3
63.55w g Cu
18.70 g Cu
1 mol Cu
2 mol AgNO3
__
1 mol Ca2 (OH)2
74.10 g Ca(OH)2
1 mol KCIO
__
3
122.5 g KCIO3
32.00 g O
3 mol O
__
__ 39.17 g O
2
2 mol KCIO3
percent
1 mol O2
actual yield
12.8 g
__
100 _
39.17 g
theoretical yield
100 32.7%
106.00 g Na2CO3
500.0 g Na2CO3
2 mol NaOH
__
c
1 mol Na H P O
__
221.94 g Na H P O
119.98 g NaH PO
2 mol NaH PO
__
__
2 2 2
444.0 g Na2H2P2O7
2
1 mol Na2H2P2O7
48.0 g NaH2PO4
2 2 2
1 mol Na2H2PO4
1 mol Ca(OH)2
234
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CHAPTER
CHAPTER
11
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
__
1 mol O2
theoretical yield O2 3.55 mol HgO
2 mol HgO
1.775 mol O2
percent yield
1.54 mol
_
100 86.8%
(CH3)2N2H2(l) 2N2O4(l) 0
3N2(g) 4H2O(g) 2CO2(g)
Because this reaction produces an enormous
amount of energy from a small amount of
reactants, it was used to drive the rockets on
the Lunar Excursion Modules (LEMs) of the
Apollo space program. If 18.0 mol of dinitrogen
tetroxide is consumed in this reaction, how
many moles of nitrogen gas will be released?
Set up a mole ratio:
27 moles N2
18
1
13 14 15 16 17
18 moles N2O4
1.775 mol
PERIODIC TABLE
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
W W
Y
Y 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 W W
Y Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z W W
Y Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z W W
Y Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z W W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Y
W
W
W
W
W
Y Y Z Z Z
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
3 mole N
__
2
2 moles N2O4
3 moles N
__
2
2 moles N2O4
Atomic Number
1st Ionization
Energy, kJ/mol
Sodium
11
496
Magnesium
12
736
Aluminum
13
578
Silicon
14
787
Phosphorus
15
1012
Selenium
16
1000
Chlorine
17
1251
Argon
18
1521
in which sublevel?
a. s
b. p
c. d
d. f
b
Solutions Manual
235
11
CHAPTER
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
10. Plot the data from this data table. Place atomic
First Ionization
Energy (Kj/mol)
b.
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
c.
10
12
14
16
18
Atomic Number
d.
e.
planar.
b
b
7.13 g Co2TiO4
3.10 102 mol
1 mol Co TiO
__
0.0310 mol
2
229.74 g Co2TiO4
hybridization.
b
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