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Key results

The FSEA Concerted Action has produced:

An evaluation of the state-of-the-art of current methodologies, including in particular the


following:
o
Formal Safety Assessment methodology, which is seen as a valuable tool for
establishing a general overview of risks and risk control, covering people, property and the
environment, for rule-making purposes.
o
Environmental Indexing of ships, a ship-type specific system, which estimates
likely or actual ship-derived pollution and compares this with desired reference levels to
calculate a ratio or index for the individual ship.
o
Environmental Accounting of individual ships, an approach focusing on the actual
pollution from ships, which provides a system to keep track of the operational emissions and
releases from individual ships.
o
The Green Award System, reflecting environmental performance, in which
compliance with international/national laws and regulations, technical and operational
standards on-board the individual ship and management standards on-shore are audited and
scored.
o
The International Marine Safety Rating System (IMSRS), which constitutes an
approach based on management system audits and physical condition checks.
o
The particular Port State Control approach, which focuses on the identification of
deficiencies on ships and their follow-up, using a scoring system in order to reduce the
number of sub-standard ships.
o
Human and organisational factors assessment, for which several approaches have
been identified, mainly concentrating in human errors on the one hand and emphasising the
importance of management and environment on the other.

A review of current assessment practice and risk assessment approaches in other


industries.

A study of the state-of-the-art of databases, data availability, applicability and suggestions


for an accident/incident reporting scheme, which included ideas for data collection based on a
common approach.

An analysis of the integration of the human and organisational factors in safety and
environmental assessments.

A method to identify sensitive areas using environmental assessment.

A review of the current regulatory requirements and techniques for rule making. This
revealed that, in general, regulatory systems are lacking clear statements of safety approaches.
FSEA found that a common approach to safety and environmental assessment needs to be further
developed. The project identified a number of areas in which research and development is
necessary, in particular concerning risk acceptance criteria, risk management, risk communication,
organisational changes, human and organisational factors and databases to provide relevant data
for the common approach.

Policy implications
The Concerted Action recommended the development of a common approach to safety and
environmental assessment, common to all major actors, and consisting of several complementary
methods.
The crucial step for a successful common approach is to obtain a profound understanding of the
decision problems and needs within shipping, involving all actors. Collaboration is also crucial to
establish a set of common objectives and risk acceptance criteria aiming at the promotion of riskbased rule making procedures.

Related Projects

BERTRANC Concerted Action - Accident investigation.


CASMET - Casualty analysis.
EMARC - Marpol rules and ship generated waste.
SAFECO and SAFECO II - Risk assessment and safety of shipping in coastal waters.
SEALOC - Improvement of safety in maritime transport of dangerous goods in Europe.

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