TAN, DEANNAH C.

MAY 25, 2015

GEN. CHEM. CALCULATIONS

ELECTROCHEMISTRY
PROBLEM #1:
Write a balanced equation to represent the oxidation of iodide ion
permanganate ion
and manganese

by

in basic solution to yield molecular iodine

oxide

MODIFIED PROBLEM #1:

Balance the following equation for the reaction in an acidic medium by the
half-reaction method:

GIVEN:
Reaction:
REQUIRED:
Balanced reaction (in acidic medium)
SOLUTION:
The two half-reactions are:
Oxidation:
Reduction:
Balancing the half reactions and its charges:

Because the reaction takes place in an acidic medium, four

molecules are added to the right side to balance the equation.

Adding the two half-reaction gives:

The electrons on both sides cancel, giving the balanced net ionic
equation:

PROBLEM #2:
A galvanic cell consists of an

electrode in a

an

solution. Calculate the standard emf of

electrode in a

solution and

this cell at
MODIFIED PROBLEM #2:
What is the standard emf of a galvanic cell made of an
solution and an

electrode in a

GIVEN:

REQUIRED:
standard emf of the cell at
SOLUTION:
The standard reduction potentials are

Adding and balancing their charges gives

Anode (oxidation):
Cathode (reduction):

electrode in a
solution at

Cancelling the electrons on both sides give,

Solving for the emf,

PROBLEM #3:
Predict whether the following reaction would proceed spontaneously as
written at
Given that

and

MODIFIED PROBLEM #3:

Will the following reaction occur spontaneously at
and
GIVEN:

REQUIRED:
Will the given reaction occur spontaneously?
SOLUTION:
The half-cell reactions are:
Anode (oxidation):

, given that

Cathode (reduction):

Solving for

Solving for E using Nernsts Equation

The positive value of E shows that the forward reaction is favoured

and is therefore a spontaneous reaction.
THERMODYNAMICS
PROBLEM #1:
Calculate the standard free-energy changes for the following reactions at

a)
b)
MODIFIED PROBLEM #1:
From the standard free-energy values in Appendix B Calculate the
standard free-energy changes for the following reactions at
a)
b)

GIVEN:
a)
b)
REQUIRED:

SOLUTION
a)

Using the appropriate values of

b)

Using the appropriate values of

PROBLEM #2:
Calculate the standard entropy change for the following reactions at
a)
b)
MODIFIED PROBLEM #2:

From the standard entropy values in Appendix B, calculate the standard

entropy changes for the following reactions at
a)
b)
GIVEN:
a)
b)
REQUIRED;

SOLUTION:
a)

Using the values of

from the table

Using the values of

from the table

b)

SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA

PROBLEM #1:
The solubility of calcium sulfate
the value of

is found to be

Calculate

for calcium sulfate.

MODIFIED PROBLEM #1:

The solubility of lead chromate

is

Calculate the

solubility product of this compound.

GIVEN:

REQUIRED:

SOLUTION:
Initial (M):
Change (M):

0
-s

Equilibrium (M):

The solubility product for

is

Calculating the number of moles of

solution

Calculating

0
+s

+s
s

dissolved in 1 L of

PROBLEM #2:
Calculate the solubility of copper (II) hydroxide,

, in g/L.

(
MODIFIED PROBLEM #2:
Calculate

the

solubility

of

silver

chloride

in

GIVEN:

REQUIRED:
solubility of

=? (in g/L)

SOLUTION:

Initial (M):
Change (M):

0
-s

0
+s

Equilibrium (M):

The solubility product for

is

Calculating the molar solubility of

+s
s

g/L.

Calculating solubility in g/L

PROBLEM #3:
If 2.00 mL of

are added to 1.00 L of

, will

precipitation occur?
MODIFIED PROBLEM #5:
Exactly 200 mL of

are added to exactly 600 mL of

. Will a precipitate form?

GIVEN:

REQUIRED:
Will a precipitate form given these conditions?
SOLUTION:
Calculating the number of moles of

present in the original 200 mL of

solution

Calculating the concentration of

Calculating the number of moles of

solution

in the 800 mL of combined solution

present in the original 600 mL of

Calculating the concentration of

Comparing

in the 800 mL of combined solution

with

As for ,

Therefore,
; since the solution is supersaturated because the value of
indicates that the concentrations of ions are too large. Thus, a
precipitate will form and that

is

ACIDS AND BASES

PROBLEM #1:
The pH of a certain orange juice is 3.33. Calculate the

ion

concentration
MODIFIED PROBLEM #1:
The pH of rainwater collected in a certain region of the north-eastern
United States on a particular day was 5.23. Calculate the
concentration of the rain water
GIVEN:
pH of rainwater = 5.23
REQUIRED:

ion

SOLUTION:
pH is defined as

Calculating

PROBLEM #2:
The

ion concentration of a blood sample is

. What is the

pH of the blood?
MODIFIED PROBLEM #2:
In a

solution

is

GIVEN:
=
REQUIRED:

. Calculate the pH of the solution.

pH of the

solution =?

SOLUTION:
pH is defined as

As for pOH,

Calculating first pOH gives

Solving for pH using the value of pOH obtained gives