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Concreto Armado 1
Seccin transversal 0.30 x 0.60 m,
Captulo 9
Ejemplo Introductorio
ft
h/2
fr
rotura
h/2
fr =
M
I
fr
fc
ft
h/2
fr
rotura
fr =
h/2
M
I
fr
Mn =
fr Ig
= fr S
v
S=
Mu =
u l 2
= 5,220
8
bh 2 30x60 2
=
= 18,000 cm 3
6
6
u =
5,220 x8
= 1,670 kg/m = max
25
Mn Mu
VIDEO INTEMAC
VIDEO INTEMAC
Seccin reforzada con acero en traccin
As = 10 cm2
= 10/(30x55) 0.6 %
kg/cm2
- Acero B500SD fy (real) 5,600 kg/cm2
- Armadura As traccin 4 barras de 16 mm
- Luz entre apoyos 4.90 m , cargas a 1.20 m del
apoyo, 2.50 m al centro en flexin pura
Hiptesis:
Las secciones planas permanecen planas.
No hay posibilidad de una falla prematura por
cortante, ni por pandeo lateral.
La resistencia en traccin por flexin del concreto
(fr) se puede estimar en 29 kg/cm2.
Existe una perfecta adherencia entre concreto y
acero.
Es
Ec
(relacin modular)
Ec 15,000 fc 220,000
n=
2x106
9
220,000
(n 1) As = (9-1)x10= 80 cm2
ft =
M
=2
Itr
29 =
M x ( 60 31 .1)
588,000
f c
Mcr 5,900 kg m
fc =
590,000x 31.1
= 31 kg/cm 2 0.15 f c << 210 kg/cm 2
588,000
fs =
590,000x(55 31.1)
x 9 215 kg/cm 2 0.05 fy << 4,200 kg/cm 2
588,000
(concreto)
(acero)
250
200
150
100
50
0
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
fc =
590,000x 31.1
= 31 kg/cm2 << 210 kg/cm2
588,000
(concreto)
103
Momento (ton-m)
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
1/m
10
15
20
Mcr 5,900 kg m
La curvatura de agrietamiento:
cr 0.453 x 103 1/m
Seccin fisurada
d= 55
55 - c
nAs = 9 x 10 = 90 cm2
c = 15.41 cm
Icr =
30x15.413
+ 90 (55 15.41)2 178,000 cm 4
3
M 6.5x105 x15.41
=
56 kg/cm2
178,000
Icr
M = 6,500 kg-m
250
200
EI = M /
150
100
50
0
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
Momento (ton-m)
25
Sin fisurar
Fisurada
fc= 31 kg/cm2
20
15
fc= 56 kg/cm2
15.41
31.1
Mcr=5,900 kgm
10
M= 6,500
0
0
10
15
20
f t 29 kg/cm 2
Itr 588,000 cm4
30 cm
fc
15.41
39.59
As fs
n As= 90 cm2
concreto =
M 1
95 kg/cm 2
Icr
Mad =
95x178,000
11,000 kg - m
15.41
acero = n
M 2
2,100 kg/cm 2
Icr
Mad =
2,100x178,000
10,500 kg - m
9 x 39.59
250
200
150
100
50
0
0.000
EI = M /
Momento (ton-m)
0.002
0.003
0.004
25
0.001
20
15
10
5
0
0
10
15
20
M = 10,500 kg-m
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
10
15
20
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
0
20
40
L/240
L/120
60
80
100
L/60
120
140
L/40
160
L/30
150
8,000
7,000
terica
100
Esfuerzo (kg/cm)
6,000
5,000
50
4,000
3,000
0
0.000
2,000
c
0.001
0.002
0.003
1,000
0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 0.065 0.070
0.002
0.003
fc = a1 c + a2 c
2
a1 = fc / (o)
a2 = 2 fc / o
o = cu = 0.002
210
fc
105
0
0.000
c
0.001
c
0.001
0.002
s = 0.009 4.3 y
Volumen de compresiones:
Cc 2/3 c b fc
2/3 c b fc = As fy
c = 10 cm
a
Mn = As fy ( d )
2
25
Momento (ton-m)
Mn = 21,450 kg-m
20
a=
As fy
10 x 4200
=
= 7.84 cm
0.85 f c b 0.85x 210 x 30
c=
7.84
= 9.22 cm
0.85
15
10
5
0
0
10
15
20
29
30
5,220 kg-m
Ig = 540,000 cm4
c = 10 cm
29
31
5,900
fc = 210 = fc
30
f s = 4,200 = fy
31.1
Itr = 588,000
28.9
fs= 215
29
56
Icr 178,000
15.41
6,500
fs = 1,300 0.3 fy
90 = 0.43 fc
15.41
Icr 178,000
10,500
fs = 2,100 = 0.5 fy
10
8,000
7,000
terica
Esfuerzo (kg/cm)
fc
105
3,000
0.003
5,000
4,000
0.002
fc = a1 c + a2 c
2
a1 = fc / (o)
a2 = 2 fc / o
o = cu = 0.002
210
6,000
0.001
2,000
1,000
0
0.000
0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 0.065 0.070
fc = 210
Cc =
a1 = fc / (o)2
0.002
Cc =
fc = a1 c2 + a2 c
c
0.001
(1)
a2 = 2 fc / o
Compatibilidad:
o = 0.002
c / c = y / (55 c)
2
(1)
(3)
En el inicio de la fluencia:
c = 0.0021 c / (55 c)
c 0.000933
fc 150 kg/cm2
250
fc
200
150
100
50
c
0.001
0.002
0.003
8,000
7,000
terica
6,000
Esfuerzo (kg/cm)
0
0.000
5,000
My 20.62 ton-m
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 0.065 0.070
11
R e su lt a n t e c o m p r e s io n e s e n e l c o n c r e t o = C c = K 1 * f 'c * b * c
P o sic io n r e s u lt a n t e c o m p r e s io n e s = K 2 * c
Momento (ton-m)
25
0 .0 0 0 1
0 .0 0 0 2
0 .0 0 0 3
0 .0 0 0 4
0 .0 0 0 5
0 .0 0 0 6
0 .0 0 0 7
0 .0 0 0 8
0 .0 0 0 9
0 .0 0 1 0
0 .0 0 1 1
0 .0 0 1 2
0 .0 0 1 3
0 .0 0 1 4
0 .0 0 1 5
0 .0 0 1 6
0 .0 0 1 7
0 .0 0 1 8
0 .0 0 1 9
0 .0 0 2 0
0 .0 0 2 1
0 .0 0 2 2
0 .0 0 2 3
0 .0 0 2 4
0 .0 0 2 5
0 .0 0 2 6
0 .0 0 2 7
0 .0 0 2 8
0 .0 0 2 9
0 .0 0 3 0
0 .0 0 3 1
0 .0 0 3 2
0 .0 0 3 3
0 .0 0 3 4
0 .0 0 3 5
0 .0 0 3 6
0 .0 0 3 7
0 .0 0 3 8
0 .0 0 3 9
0 .0 0 4 0
20
15
10
5
0
0
10
15
20
Notas:
c = posicin (profundidad) del eje
neutro
b = ancho de la seccin
Cc = K1 * fc * b * c
Posic. Resultante = K2 * c
Las tablas son aplicables a cualquier
valor de fc con la condicin que el
diagrama constitutivo en compresin
sea como el mostrado en la figura
(parbola recta descendente con
cada de 0.15 fc)
C u a lq u ie r v a lo r d e f 'c
f c / f 'c
K1
K2
0 .1 0
0 .1 9
0 .2 8
0 .3 6
0 .4 4
0 .5 1
0 .5 8
0 .6 4
0 .7 0
0 .7 5
0 .8 0
0 .8 4
0 .8 8
0 .9 1
0 .9 4
0 .9 6
0 .9 8
0 .9 9
1 .0 0
1 .0 0
0 .9 9
0 .9 9
0 .9 8
0 .9 7
0 .9 6
0 .9 6
0 .9 5
0 .9 4
0 .9 3
0 .9 3
0 .9 2
0 .9 1
0 .9 0
0 .9 0
0 .8 9
0 .8 8
0 .8 7
0 .8 7
0 .8 6
0 .8 5
0 .0 4 9 1 7
0 .0 9 6 6 7
0 .1 4 2 5 0
0 .1 8 6 6 7
0 .2 2 9 1 7
0 .2 7 0 0 0
0 .3 0 9 1 7
0 .3 4 6 6 7
0 .3 8 2 5 0
0 .4 1 6 6 7
0 .4 4 9 1 7
0 .4 8 0 0 0
0 .5 0 9 1 7
0 .5 3 6 6 7
0 .5 6 2 5 0
0 .5 8 6 6 7
0 .6 0 9 1 7
0 .6 3 0 0 0
0 .6 4 9 1 7
0 .6 6 6 6 7
0 .6 8 2 3 6
0 .6 9 6 2 9
0 .7 0 8 6 8
0 .7 1 9 7 2
0 .7 2 9 5 8
0 .7 3 8 4 0
0 .7 4 6 2 8
0 .7 5 3 3 3
0 .7 5 9 6 4
0 .7 6 5 2 8
0 .7 7 0 3 1
0 .7 7 4 7 9
0 .7 7 8 7 8
0 .7 8 2 3 0
0 .7 8 5 4 2
0 .7 8 8 1 5
0 .7 9 0 5 3
0 .7 9 2 5 9
0 .7 9 4 3 5
0 .7 9 5 8 3
0 .3 3 4 7 5
0 .3 3 6 2 1
0 .3 3 7 7 2
0 .3 3 9 2 9
0 .3 4 0 9 1
0 .3 4 2 5 9
0 .3 4 4 3 4
0 .3 4 6 1 5
0 .3 4 8 0 4
0 .3 5 0 0 0
0 .3 5 2 0 4
0 .3 5 4 1 7
0 .3 5 6 3 8
0 .3 5 8 7 0
0 .3 6 1 1 1
0 .3 6 3 6 4
0 .3 6 6 2 8
0 .3 6 9 0 5
0 .3 7 1 9 5
0 .3 7 5 0 0
0 .3 7 8 2 8
0 .3 8 1 7 7
0 .3 8 5 3 6
0 .3 8 8 9 7
0 .3 9 2 5 8
0 .3 9 6 1 3
0 .3 9 9 6 1
0 .4 0 3 0 2
0 .4 0 6 3 3
0 .4 0 9 5 6
0 .4 1 2 6 9
0 .4 1 5 7 4
0 .4 1 8 6 9
0 .4 2 1 5 6
0 .4 2 4 3 5
0 .4 2 7 0 6
0 .4 2 9 6 9
0 .4 3 2 2 5
0 .4 3 4 7 4
0 .4 3 7 1 7
1.2
1.0
fc / f 'c
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
Deformacin c
K1
0.6
K2
0.4
fc/f'c
0.2
0.0
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.003
Deformacin c
0.004
12
S=
fc1 =
b h2
= 18,000 cm3
6
M M
=
= 29 + 22 = 51 kg/cm2
Ig
S
40,000
= 22 kg/cm2
30x 60
M = 51x18,000 9,200 kg - m
M P
ft =
= + 29 kg/cm2
Ig
Ag
-51
42.94
17.06
-22
+51
+29
kg/cm2
13
Seccin central:
Esfuerzos en la seccin central, Fibra Inferior:
-22 - 44 + ft = 29
ft = + 95 kg/cm2
- 73 kg/cm2 0.35 fc
- 95
+ 44
- 22
42.9
40 t
17.1 tm
8 tm
- 22
- 44
17.1
+ 95
+ 29 kg/cm2
14