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Naip

unnya Institute of Management and Information Technology (NIMIT), located at Koratty,

in Thrissur district of Kerala, is an aided co-educational college. The college was established in 1998 by
Naipunnya Charitable Soceity. The college is well infrastructured with all modern amenities within an excellent
teaching and learning atmosphere. NIMIT is affiliated to the University of Calicut and offers several
undergraduate and post graduate courses in science and management studies. Besides, the college conducts
a craftsmanship course in catering management.

Affiliated to: University of Calicut

Courses:
Undergraduate:
The college offers the following undergraduate courses:
BA-IHA (International Hospitality Administration)

B Com (Computer Applications)

BSc
B Sc (Hotel Management, Catering, Travel & Tourism

B
B

Sc

Sc
(Hons)

Computer

(Hons)
Science

B Sc (Hons) International Hospitality Management

BA

BBA

Post Graduate:
The college offers the following post graduate courses:
M Com
Eligibility:
Undergraduate:
Candidates who have passed their 10+2 level examination from Kerala State Examination Board, or its

equivalent, in any discipline and possessing good communication skills are eligible for the BA (IHA)/B.Sc (Hotel
Management and Catering Science)/BBA/B.Com courses offered here. Those who have completed the same
with Mathematics as an optional subject are eligible to apply for the B.Sc (Computer Science) courses offered
here.
Post

Graduate:

Graduates in relevant science subjects are eligible for the M.Sc courses offered here. Candidates with B.Com,
BBA. BBM, or BBS degree from any recognized University/Institution under UGC or AICTE with minimum 45%
marks can apply for the M.Com courses offered here.
Admission Procedure:
Undergraduate:
Admission of the selected candidates is done on the basis of percentage of marks obtained by them in the
10+2

level

and

as

per

the

norms

of

the

University

Post

of

Calicut.
Graduate:

Admission into post graduate programs is made as per the norms of the University of Calicut.
Facilities:
Library
Computer Lab
Internet Facility
Training Restaurant and Mock Bar
Food & Beverage Production Lab
Language Lab
Hostels
Maintenance and Engineering Workshop
Training & Placement Cell
Social Service Programme
Executive Grooming Programme (EGP)
Womens Cell
Anti Ragging Cell

 Parents Teachers Well-wishers Association (PTWA)

Cultural Forum

Contact Address:
Naipunnya
Ponagam
Koratty
Thrissur
Kerala
Phone:

Institute

of

Management

and

Information

680

+91-487-2733573,

Technology
East
308
2730341

Email: mail@naipunnya.ac.in
Website: http://www.naipunnya.org
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Hotel Management Colleges in India

BBA Colleges in India

BBA Colleges in Kerala

Commerce Colleges in India

Commerce Colleges in Kerala

Universities in Kerala
Careers in Tourism, Hospitality and Aviation
Careers in Science, Engineering & Computer Applications
Careers in Management
Careers in Banking, Finance & Commerce

- See more at: http://www.highereducationinindia.com/institutes/naipunnyainstitute-of-management-and-7480.php#sthash.Lj188WSE.dpufNaipunnya

Institute of Management and Information Technology

Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology ,Thrissur is a self-financed College that
was established in the year 1998. The college is affiliated to the University of Calicut and approved by the
Government of Kerala. The NIMIT was Awarded the Best Hotel Management College by the Department of
Tourism, Govt. of Kerala in the year 2004.The College is under certification of the ISO 9001-2008 for exemplary
standards in education and student training.
Naipunnya in Sanskrit means dexterity or mastery Naipunnya as the name signifies, aims at professionalism,
discipline and a holistic development of the student.
Vision
Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology (NIMIT) is a center of excellence where the
best in humans is unveiled through predetermined and structured teaching-learning methodologies. NIMIT is an
Institution which imparts premium professional education at affordable cost.
Irrespective of the students background they are groomed to be Kings and Queens of their future.The Institute
provides an environment that is conducive to meet the needs of each student fosters quality education and
continually helps in developing self-confidence and a positive self-image in them.
Mission
With innovative and quality training programmes in Hotel Management, Information Technology, and
Commerce, we mould students into successful and vibrant professionals by providing them with a perfect

launching pad with an added competitive edge to explore all possible avenues in their disciplines. In the brave
new world of globalization, NIMIT tries to become a dynamic center to achieve excellence by training the youth
with personal integrity, professional ingenuity and social commitment. The motto rings loud and clear To Reach
The Unreachable.

Course Offered

M.Sc

B.Sc
B.Com ( Bachelor in Commerce)

M.Com ( Master in Commerce)

BCA (Bachelor of Computer Application)

MBA ( Master of Business Administration)

BBA (Bachelor of Business Administration)

Craftsmanship Course

Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology Departments

Hotel Management & Catering Science

Hotel Management & Culinary Arts

Catering Management
Computer Science

Finance
Computer Applications

International Finance

Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology Facilities

Library
Training Restaurant and Mock Bar

Food & Beverage Production Lab

Front Office

Auditorium
Training & Placement Cell

Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology Admission

Procedure
Eligibility For B.Sc : A pass in 10+2 or equivalent (eligible for higher studies) with a minimum 27 GPV and
good communication skills.
Eligibility For M.Sc : A pass in BSc. Computer Science/BCA/BSc. IT with at least 50% marks.
Eligibility For M.Com (International Finance) : B.Com/BBA/BBM or BBS degree of any University or
Institution recognized by UGC or AICTE with a minimum of 45 % marks.
Eligibility For MBA : Any degree recognized by the UGC or AICTE with not less than 50% marks in aggregate
including the marks of languages if any.A good score in Management Aptitude Test (MAT) conducted by AIMA.
Eligibility For B.Com / BBA : A pass in 10+2 or equivalent (eligible for higher studies) with a minimum 24
GPV.
Eligibility For BCA /B.Sc : A pass in 10+2 or equivalent (eligible for higher studies) and Maths as one of the
optional subjects.

For More Details :http://www.naipunnya.ac.in/Courses.aspx

Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology Contact Details

Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology
Naipunnya Group of Educational Institutions
Ponagam, Koratty East, Thrissur District,
Kerala State, India. Pin 680 308
Phone no :
0091 480 2733573, 2730341

Email : mail@naipunnya.ac.in / info@naipunnya.ac.in

Official Website :www.naipunnya.ac.in

Naipunnya Institute of
Management and Information
Technology ,Thrissur .In
Sanskrit Naipunnya means
dexterity or mastery
Naipunnya as the name
signifies, aims at
professionalism, discipline
and a holistic development of
the student.

Naipunnya Institute of
Management And Information
Technology is affiliated by
University of Kerala.

Institute is unique in its

approach towards
professionalism whereby
even those from the lower
economic strata get a
platform to forge their skills
and potentials. With
innovative and quality training
programmes in Hotel
management, I.T and

Commerce.

The Institute is unique in its

approach towards
professionalism whereby
even those from the lower
economic strata get a
platform to sharp their skills
and potentials.
The colleges infrastructure is
well furnished with all modern
facilities. All labs are
equipped with latest
equipments. All the
classrooms of the college are
well furnished. The college
has a well-stocked library.
A variety of teaching and
learning techniques are
employed to impart
knowledge and skills to
students at this institute.
Hostel Facilities

NA

Hostel facility is available

College buzz
NA

NA

Colleges | Coaching Centers

Copyright 2014. All Rights Reserved. Disclaimer | Ab

The establishment of MES College, Marampally is a fruitful fulfillment of a

long cherished dream of the Muslim Educational Society. M.E.S. has
recognized the relevance of job oriented courses, as emphasized in the New
Educational Policy, and it has risen to the occasion by setting up a premier
institution of professional nature in the district, there by ushering radical
changes in the paradigms of higher education. To work for the educational, social
and economic advancement of the people of India in all possible ways.

To promote higher and technical education and improve the standard and quality of
education among the people in general, minorities and backward classes in particular.

Classes will be from 09:30 AM to 03:30 PM.

Attendance will be marked by the teacher at the beginning of every period.
The annual certificate of attendance and progress will not be granted if the student fails to
secure the attendance prescribed for the course.
Application for leave should be submitted to the Head of the Departments concerned. In
case of sickness for more than three consecutive days application for the same should be
supported by medical certificate.
A student absenting without leave for more than ten consecutive working days will have
his I her name removed from the rolls and he/she may be readmitted only on payment of
all fee dues with fine.
Students should get 75% of attendance of the year, failing which the deficiency will be
condoned only when the Syndicate is satisfied that the absence was for reasons beyond
the control of the students.

Students of M.E.S.College, Marampally shall try their best to uphold the honour and
prestige of the institution by humility, fellow feeling and hard work. They should endeavour
to create an atmosphere conducive to academic, cultural and social progress.

Students shall maintain cordial relationship with the members of the staff and they must
work for developing their innate talents and personality.

Every student shall use the property of the institution with care and keep the building and
premises clean.
Students should protect and preserve the institution with care and other properties inside
the campus.
Misbehavior towards fellow students, the members of the staff, smoking and drunkenness,
general neglect of studies or any activity which adversely affect the discipline of the
campus will be considered as serious offences.
Students should desist from organizing any meeting or collecting money for any purpose
or circulating notice without the prior sanction of the Principal.
Students should come to the campus wearing the stipulated uniform. Partial or complete

non-observance of the decree will not be tolerated.

Duty leave will not be granted to students for union activities.
Students are expected to spend their free hours in the library/reading room observing
silence.
As per the Kerala ragging prohibition act 1998, any form of ragging - physical or mental- is
an offence. Ragging is banned inside and outside the premises of the college.
Use of mobile phones inside the campus is prohibited; students may use the telephone
facility provided by the college.
In case the student violates any of the rules scheduled above, the Principal is empowered
to present the matter before the college staff council, who on the part can, after proper
investigation, recommend further action from the head of the institution.
It is mandatory requirements to bring and wear the students' identity card everyday inside
the campus.

There shall be a Students Grievance Redressal Committee constituted by the Principal. The
chairman of the said committee shall be the Principal. The committee shall consists three
teachers nominated by the college council of whom one shall be a lady teacher. The
chairman of the college union as well as the secretary shall be the ex-officio members of
the said committee. The committee shall meet once in a every month and evaluate the
steps taken or frame guidelines or general instructions or directions for the maintenance of
peaceful atmosphere in the campus.
(As per M.G.University order No. 162/04/2/dt 16/2/05)

The following are the General rules to be followed in the Computer, Electronics,
Biotechnology, Internet and Language Lab.
Students should involve in the lab work in the most disciplined fashion. They should
realize that Lab hours are the stepping stones to an intimate understanding of the
subject and further research.
Students should maintain silence and cleanliness within the Lab.
All equipment should be handled with care and utmost responsibility.
No equipment should be displaced from its original position.
Strict action will be taken if any article is stolen from the Lab.
If any equipment or apparatus is broken out of carelessness, the student will have to
pay a fine.

Students should sign the logbook at the commencement of the lab hour.

All members of the staff and students are entitled to use the library for reference and
borrowing books.
The library will be kept open from 09.30 AM to 04.30 PM.
Students of each course have been assigned a particular day of a week for borrowing
renewing returning books.
The students shall register their names in the Register book before borrowing books.
Students will be allotted a limited number of books for a specified time.
A fine of Rs. 1/- per day will be charged from those who fail to return their books on
their respective due date.
Students are advised to report any defect or damage in the book before it has been
given to them. Otherwise it will be presumed that the book was without damage at the
time it was issued. If a book I periodical is damaged by a member he she will have to
replace it or pay the cost of the book periodical.

Sustainable development
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these iss
the talk page.
This article possibly contains original research.

(May 2014)

This article needs additional citations for verification.

This article reads like an editorial or opinion piece.

(May 2014)

(May 2014)

This article lends undue weight to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies.

Sustainable development is a road-map, an action plan, for achieving sustainability in any activity
that uses resources and where immediate and intergenerational replication is demanded. As such,
sustainable development is the organizing principle for sustaining finite resources necessary to
provide for the needs of future generations of life on the planet. It is a process that envisions a
desirable future state for human societies in which living conditions and resource-use continue to
meet human needs without undermining the "integrity, stability and beauty" of natural biotic systems.
[1]

Contents
[hide]

1 Sustainability and Sustainable Development

2 Definition

3 History

4 Domains

5 Ecology
o

5.1 Agriculture

5.2 Energy

5.3 Environment

5.4 Transportation

5.4.1 Improve public transit

5.4.2 Encourage walking and biking

5.4.3 Increase the cost of car ownership and gas taxes

6 Economics

6.1 Business

6.2 Architecture

7 Culture

8 Politics

9 Themes
o

9.1 Progress

9.2 Measurement

9.3 Natural capital

9.4 Business as usual

10 See also

11 Further reading

12 References

13 External links

Sustainability and Sustainable Development[edit]

Main article: Sustainability
As a working definition, sustainability can be defined as the practice of maintaining processes of
productivity indefinitelynatural or human madeby replacing resources used with resources of
equal or greater value without degrading or endangering natural biotic systems. [2] According to M.
Hasna, sustainability is a function of social, economic, technological and ecological themes.
[3]
Sustainable development ties together concern for the carrying capacity of natural systemswith the
social, political, and economic challenges faced by humanity. As early as the 1970s, the concept of
"sustainability" was employed to describe an economy "in equilibrium with basic ecological support
systems."[4] Scientists in many fields have highlighted The Limits to Growth,[5][6] and economists have
presented alternatives, for example a 'steady state economy';[7] to address concerns over the impacts
of expanding human development on the planet.
The term sustainable development rose to significance after it was used by the Brundtland
Commission in its 1987 report Our Common Future. In the report, the commission coined what has
become the most often-quoted definition of sustainable development: "development that meets the
needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs."[8][9] The United Nations Millennium Declaration identified principles and treaties on
sustainable development, including economic development, social development and environmental
protection.

Definition[edit]

The natural resource of windpowers these 5MW wind turbines on this wind farm 28 km off the coast ofBelgium.

The United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) in its 1987
report Our Common Future defines sustainable development: "Development that meets the needs of
the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." [8] Under
the principles of the United Nations Charter theMillennium Declaration identified principles and
treaties on sustainable development, including economic development, social development and
environmental protection. Broadly defined, sustainable development is a systems approach to
growth and development and to manage natural, produced, and social capital for the welfare of their
own and future generations.
The concepts of sustainable development and sustainability derive from the older forestry term
"sustained yield", which, in turn, is a translation of the German term "nachhaltiger Ertrag" dating from
1713.[10] Sustainability science is the study of the concepts of sustainable development and
environmental science. There is an additional focus on the present generations' responsibility to
regenerate, maintain and improve planetary resources for use by future generations. [11]

History[edit]
Main article: History of sustainability
The concept of "sustainable development" has its roots in forest management as early as the 12th to
16th centuries.[12]However, over the last five decades the concept has significantly broadened. The
first use of the term sustainable in the contemporary sense was by the Club of Rome in 1972 in its
classic report on the "Limits to Growth", written by a group of scientists led by Dennis and Donella

Meadows of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Describing the desirable "state of global
equilibrium", the authors used the word "sustainable": "We are searching for a model output that
represents a world system that is: (1) sustainable without sudden and uncontrolled collapse and (2)
capable of satisfying the basic material requirements of all of its people." [10][11]

In 1980, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature published a world
conservation strategy that included one of the first references to sustainable development as a
global priority.[13]

In 1982, the United Nations World Charter for Nature raised five principles of conservation by
which human conduct affecting nature is to be guided and judged. [14]

In 1987, the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development released
the report Our Common Future, now commonly named the 'Brundtland Report' after the
commission's chairperson, the then Prime Minister of Norway Gro Harlem Brundtland. The
report included what is now one of the most widely recognised definitions: "Sustainable
development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs." [15] The Brundtland Report goes on to say
that sustainable development also contains within it two key concepts:
1. The concept of "needs," in particular, the essential needs of the world's poor, to which
overriding priority should be given; and
2. The idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the
environment's ability to meet present and future needs.[15]

In 1992, the UN Conference on Environment and Development published in 1992 the Earth Charter,
which outlines the building of a just, sustainable, and peaceful global society in the 21st century. The
action plan Agenda 21 for sustainable development identified information, integration, and
participation as key building blocks to help countries achieve development that recognizes these
interdependent pillars. It emphasises that in sustainable development everyone is a user and
provider of information. It stresses the need to change from old sector-centered ways of doing
business to new approaches that involve cross-sectoral co-ordination and the integration of
environmental and social concerns into all development processes. Furthermore, Agenda 21
emphasises that broad public participation in decision making is a fundamental prerequisite for
achieving sustainable development.[16]
The UN Commission on Sustainable Development integrated sustainable development into the UN
System. Indigenous peoples have argued, through various international forums such as the United
Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues and the Convention on Biological Diversity, that
there are four pillars of sustainable development, the fourth being cultural. The Universal Declaration
on Cultural Diversity from 2001 states: "... cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as
biodiversity is for nature; it becomes one of the roots of development understood not simply in
terms of economic growth, but also as a means to achieve a more satisfactory intellectual,
emotional, moral and spiritual existence".[17]

The proposed changes were supported by a study in 2013, which concluded that sustainability
reporting should be reframed through the lens of four interconnected domains: ecology, economics,
politics and culture.[18]

Domains[edit]
See also: Planetary boundaries and Outline of sustainability
Different domains have been identified for research and analysis of sustainable development.
Broadly defined, these include ecology, economics, politics and culture as used by the United
Nations and a number of other international organizations. [19]

Ecology[edit]
This section possibly contains original research. Please improve
it by verifying the claims made and addinginline citations. Statements consisting
only of original research should be removed. (April 2014)

See also: Ecological engineering

Ecological footprint for different nations compared to their Human Development Index (HDI)

The ecological sustainability of human settlements is part of the relationship between humans and
their natural, social and built environments.[20] Also termed human ecology, this broadens the focus of
sustainable development to include the domain of human health. Fundamental human needs such
as the availability and quality of air, water, food and shelter are also the ecological foundations for
sustainable development;[21] addressing public health risk through investments in ecosystem
services can be a powerful and transformative force for sustainable development which, in this
sense, extends to all species.[22]

Agriculture[edit]
See also: Sustainable agriculture
Sustainable agriculture may be defined as consisting of environmentally-friendly methods of farming
that allow the production of crops or livestock without damage to human or natural systems. More

specifically, it might be said to include preventing adverse effects to soil, water, biodiversity,
surrounding or downstream resourcesas well as to those working or living on the farm or in
neighboring areas. Furthermore, the concept of sustainable agriculture extends intergenerationally,
relating to passing on a conserved or improved natural resource, biotic, and economic base instead
of one which has been depleted or polluted.[23] Some important elements of sustainable agriculture
arepermaculture, agroforestry, mixed farming, multiple cropping, and crop rotation.[24]
Numerous sustainability standards and certification systems have been established in recent years
to meet development goals, thus offering consumer choices for sustainable agriculture practices.
Well-known food standards include organic, Rainforest Alliance, Fair Trade, UTZ Certified, Bird
Friendly, and the Common Code for the Coffee Community(4C).[25][26]

Energy[edit]
Main articles: Smart grid and Sustainable energy
Sustainable energy is the sustainable provision of energy that is clean and lasts for a long period of
time. Unlike the fossil fuel that most of the countries are using, renewable energy only produces little
or even no pollution.[27] The most common types of renewable energy in US are solar and wind
energy, solar energy are commonly used on public parking meter, street lights and the roof of
buildings.[28] On the other hand, wind energy is expanding quickly in recent years, which generated
12,000 MW in 2013. The largest wind power station is in Texas and followed up by California. [29]
[30]
Household energy consumption can also be improved in a sustainable way, like using electronic
with energy star <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_Star> logo, conserving water and energy.
Most of Californias fossil fuel infrastructures are sited in or near low-income communities, and have
traditionally suffered the most from Californias fossil fuel energy system. These communities are
historically left out during the decision- making process, and often end up with dirty power plants and
other dirty energy projects that poison the air and harm the area. These toxins are major contributors
to significant health problems in the communities. While renewable energy becomes more common,
the government begins to shut down some of the fossil fuel infrastructures in order to consume
renewable energy and provide a better social equity to the specific community.[31]

Environment[edit]
See also: Environmental engineering and Environmental technology

Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice and groundwater. Image: Apollo
17.

Beyond ecology as the intersection of humans in the environment, environmental sustainability

concerns the natural environment and how it endures and remains diverse and productive.
Since Natural resources are derived from the environment, the state of air, water, and the climate are
of particular concern. The IPCC Fifth Assessment Reportoutlines current knowledge about scientific,
technical and socio-economic information concerning climate change, and lists options
for adaptation and mitigation.[32] Environmental sustainability requires society to design activities to
meet human needs while preserving the life support systems of the planet. This, for example, entails
using water sustainably, utilizing renewable energy, and sustainable material supplies (e.g.
harvesting wood from forests at a rate that maintains the biomass and biodiversity).
An "unsustainable situation" occurs when natural capital (the sum total of nature's resources) is used
up faster than it can be replenished. Sustainability requires that human activity only uses nature's
resources at a rate at which they can be replenished naturally. Inherently the concept of sustainable
development is intertwined with the concept of carrying capacity. Theoretically, the long-term result
of environmental degradation is the inability to sustain human life. Such degradation on a global
scale should imply an increase in human death rate until population falls to what the degraded
environment can support. If the degradation continues beyond a certain tipping point or critical
threshold it would lead to eventual extinction for humanity.[citation needed]

Consumption of renewable
resources

More than nature's ability to

replenish

State of environment

Environmental
degradation

Equal to nature's ability to replenish Environmental

Sustainability

Not sustainable

Steady state economy

equilibrium

Less than nature's ability to

replenish

Environmental renewal

Environmentally
sustainable

Transportation[edit]
Some western countries and United States are making transportation more sustainable in both longterm and short-term implementations.[33] Since these countries are mostly highly automobileorientated area, the main transit that people use is personal vehicles. Therefore, California is one of
the highestgreenhouse gases emission in the country. The federal government has to come up with
some plans to reduce the total number of vehicle trips in order to lower greenhouse gases emission.
Such as:
Improve public transit[edit]

- Larger coverage area in order to provide more mobility and accessibility, use new technology to
provide a more reliable and responsive public transportation network, company providing ECO pass
to employees.[34]
Encourage walking and biking[edit]

-Wider pedestrian pathway, bike share station in commercial downtown, locate parking lot far from
the shopping center, limit on street parking, slower traffic lane in downtown area.
Increase the cost of car ownership and gas taxes [edit]

-Increase parking fees/ toll fees, encourage people to drive more fuel efficient vehicles. -Social
equity problem, poor people usually drive old cars that have low fuel efficiency. However,
government can use the extra revenue collected from taxes and tolls to improve the public
transportation and benefit the poor community.[35]

Economics[edit]

A sewage treatment plant that uses environmentally friendly solar energy, located at Santuari de
Lluc monastery.

See also: Ecological economics

It has been suggested that because of rural poverty and overexploitation, environmental resources
should be treated as important economic assets, called natural capital. [36] Economic development has
traditionally required a growth in the gross domestic product. This model of unlimited personal and
GDP growth may be over.[37]Sustainable development may involve improvements in the quality of life
for many but may necessitate a decrease in resource consumption. [38] According to ecological
economist Malte Faber, ecological economics is defined by its focus on nature, justice, and time.
Issues of intergenerational equity, irreversibility of environmental change,uncertainty of long-term
outcomes, and sustainable development guide ecological economic analysis and valuation. [39]
In 1987 the economist Edward Barbier published the study The Concept of Sustainable Economic
Development, where he recognized that goals of environmental conservation and economic
development are not conflicting and can be reinforcing each other.[40]
A World Bank study from 1999 concluded that based on the theory of genuine savings, policymakers
have many possible interventions to increase sustainability, in macroeconomics or purely
environmental.[41] A study from 2001 noted that efficient policies for renewable energy and pollution
are compatible with increasing human welfare, eventually reaching a golden-rule steady state. [42] The
study, Interpreting Sustainability in Economic Terms, found three pillars of sustainable development,
interlinkage, intergenerational equity, and dynamic efficiency.[43]
A meta review in 2002 looked at environmental and economic valuations and found a lack of
sustainability policies.[44] A study in 2004 asked if we consume to much.[45] A study concluded in 2007
that knowledge, manufactured and human capital(health and education) has not compensated for
the degradation of natural capital in many parts of the world.[46] It has been suggested that
intergenerational equity can be incorporated into a sustainable development and decision making,
as has become common in economic valuations of climate economics. [47] A meta review in 2009
identified conditions for a strong case to act on climate change, and called for more work to fully
account of the relevant economics and how it affects human welfare. [48] According to John

Baden[49] the improvement of environment quality depends on the market economy and the
existence of legitimate and protected property rights. They enable the effective practice of personal
responsibility and the development of mechanisms to protect the environment. The State can in this
context create conditions which encourage the people to save the environment. [50]

Business[edit]
See also: Corporate sustainability
The most broadly accepted criterion for corporate sustainability constitutes a firms efficient use of
natural capital. This eco-efficiency is usually calculated as the economic value added by a firm in
relation to its aggregated ecological impact.[51] This idea has been popularised by the World Business
Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) under the following definition: "Eco-efficiency is
achieved by the delivery of competitively priced goods and services that satisfy human needs and
bring quality of life, while progressively reducing ecological impacts and resource
intensity throughout the life-cycle to a level at least in line with the earths carrying capacity."
(DeSimone and Popoff, 1997: 47)[52]
Similar to the eco-efficiency concept but so far less explored is the second criterion for corporate
sustainability. Socio-efficiency[53] describes the relation between a firm's value added and its social
impact. Whereas, it can be assumed that most corporate impacts on the environment are negative
(apart from rare exceptions such as the planting of trees) this is not true for social impacts. These
can be either positive (e.g. corporate giving, creation of employment) or negative (e.g. work
accidents, mobbing of employees, human rights abuses). Depending on the type of impact socioefficiency thus either tries to minimize negative social impacts (i.e. accidents per value added) or
maximise positive social impacts (i.e. donations per value added) in relation to the value added.
Both eco-efficiency and socio-efficiency are concerned primarily with increasing economic
sustainability. In this process they instrumentalize both natural and social capital aiming to benefit
from win-win situations. However, as Dyllick and Hockerts[53] point out the business case alone will
not be sufficient to realise sustainable development. They point towards eco-effectiveness, socioeffectiveness, sufficiency, and eco-equity as four criteria that need to be met if sustainable
development is to be reached.

Architecture[edit]
See also: Sustainable architecture
In sustainable architecture the recent movements of New Urbanism and New Classical
Architecture promote a sustainable approach towards construction, that appreciates and
develops smart growth, architectural tradition and classical design.[54][55] This in contrast
to modernist and globally uniform architecture, as well as opposing to solitary housing
estates and suburban sprawl, with long commuting distances and large ecological footprints.[56] Both
trends started in the 1980s. (It should be noted that sustainable architecture is predominantly
relevant to the economics domain while architectural landscaping pertains more to the ecological
domain.)

Culture[edit]
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help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced
material may be challenged and removed. (June 2014)

Framing of sustainable development progress according to the Circles of Sustainability, used by the United
Nations.

Working with a different emphasis, some researchers and institutions have pointed out that a fourth
dimension should be added to the dimensions of sustainable development, since the triple-bottomline dimensions of economic, environmental and social do not seem to be enough to reflect the
complexity of contemporary society. In this context, the Agenda 21 for culture and the United Cities
and Local Governments (UCLG) Executive Bureau lead the preparation of the policy statement
Culture: Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development, passed on 17 November 2010, in the framework
of the World Summit of Local and Regional Leaders 3rd World Congress of UCLG, held in Mexico
City. although some which still argue that economics is primary, and culture and politics should be
included in 'the social'. This document inaugurates a new perspective and points to the relation
between culture and sustainable development through a dual approach: developing a solid cultural
policy and advocating a cultural dimension in all public policies. The Circles of
Sustainability approach distinguishes the four domains of economic, ecological, political and cultural
sustainability.[57][58]
Other organizations have also supported the idea of a fourth domain of sustainable development.
The Network of Excellence "Sustainable Development in a Diverse World", [59] sponsored by
the European Union, integrates multidisciplinary capacities and interprets cultural diversity as a key
element of a new strategy for sustainable development. The Fourth Pillar of Sustainable
Development Theory has been referenced by executive director of IMI Institute at UNESCO Vito Di
Bari[60] in his manifesto of art and architectural movement Neo-Futurism, whose name was inspired
by the 1987 United Nations report Our Common Future. The Circles of Sustainability approach used
by Metropolis defines the (fourth) cultural domain as practices, discourses, and material
expressions, which, over time, express continuities and discontinuities of social meaning. [61]

Politics[edit]
See also: Environmental ethics, Environmental governance and Sustainability metrics and indices
A study concluded that social indicators and, therefore, sustainable development indicators, are
scientific constructs whose principal objective is to inform public policy-making. [62] The International
Institute for Sustainable Development has similarly developed a political policy framework, linked to
a sustainability index for establishing measurable entities and metrics. The framework consists of six
core areas, international trade and investment, economic policy, climate change and energy,
measurement and assessment, natural resource management, and the role of communication
technologies in sustainable development.
The United Nations Global Compact Cities Programme has defined sustainable political
development is a way that broadens the usual definition beyond states and governance. The political
is defined as the domain of practices and meanings associated with basic issues of social power as
they pertain to the organisation, authorisation, legitimation and regulation of a social life held in
common. This definition is in accord with the view that political change is important for responding to
economic, ecological and cultural challenges. It also means that the politics of economic change can
be addressed. They have listed seven subdomains of the domain of politics: [61]
1. Organization and governance
2. Law and justice
3. Communication and critique
4. Representation and negotiation
5. Security and accord
6. Dialogue and reconciliation
7. Ethics and accountability
This accords with the Brundtland Commission emphasis on development that is guided by human
rights principles (see above).

Themes[edit]
This section possibly contains original research. Please improve
it by verifying the claims made and addinginline citations. Statements consisting
only of original research should be removed. (April 2014)

Progress[edit]
See also: Sustainable development goals

The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD), also known as Rio 2012,
Rio+20, or Earth Summit 2012, was the third international conference on sustainable development,
which aimed at reconciling the economic and environmental goals of the global community. Few
nations met the World Wide Fund for Nature's definition of sustainable development criteria
established in 2006.[63]

Measurement[edit]
Main articles: Ecological footprint and Sustainability measurement

Deforestation and increased road-building in the Amazon Rainforest are a significant concern because of
increased human encroachment upon wildernessareas, increased resource extraction and further threats
to biodiversity.

In 2007 a report for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency stated: While much discussion and
effort has gone into sustainability indicators, none of the resulting systems clearly tells us whether
our society is sustainable. At best, they can tell us that we are heading in the wrong direction, or that
our current activities are not sustainable. More often, they simply draw our attention to the existence
of problems, doing little to tell us the origin of those problems and nothing to tell us how to solve
them.[64] Nevertheless a majority of authors assume that a set of well defined and harmonised
indicators is the only way to make sustainability tangible. Those indicators are expected to be
identified and adjusted through empirical observations (trial and error). [65]
The most common critiques are related to issues like data quality, comparability, objective function
and the necessary resources.[66] However a more general criticism is coming from the project
management community: How can a sustainable development be achieved at global level if we
cannot monitor it in any single project?[67][68]
The Cuban-born researcher and entrepreneur Sonia Bueno suggests an alternative approach that is
based upon the integral, long-term cost-benefit relationship as a measure and monitoring tool for the
sustainability of every project, activity or enterprise.[69][70] Furthermore this concept aims to be a
practical guideline towards sustainable development following the principle of conservation and
increment of value rather than restricting the consumption of resources.

Reasonable qualifications of sustainability are seen U.S. Green Building Councils (USGBC)
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). This design incorporates some ecological,
economic, and social elements. The goals presented by LEED design goals are sustainable sites,
water efficiency, energy and atmospheric emission reduction, material and resources efficiency, and
indoor environmental quality. Although amount of structures for sustainability development is many,
these qualification has become a standard for sustainable building.

Natural capital[edit]

Deforestation of native rain forest in Rio de Janeiro City for extraction of clay for civil engineering(2009 picture).

The sustainable development debate is based on the assumption that societies need to manage
three types of capital (economic, social, and natural), which may be non-substitutable and whose
consumption might be irreversible.[71] Daly (1991),[72] for example, points to the fact that natural capital
can not necessarily be substituted by economic capital. While it is possible that we can find ways to
replace some natural resources, it is much more unlikely that they will ever be able to replace ecosystem services, such as the protection provided by the ozone layer, or the climate stabilizing
function of the Amazonian forest. In fact natural capital, social capital and economic capital are often
complementarities. A further obstacle to substitutability lies also in the multi-functionality of many
natural resources. Forests, for example, not only provide the raw material for paper (which can be
substituted quite easily), but they also maintain biodiversity, regulate water flow, and absorb CO2.
[citation needed]

Another problem of natural and social capital deterioration lies in their partial irreversibility. The loss
in biodiversity, for example, is often definite. The same can be true for cultural diversity. For example
with globalisation advancing quickly the number of indigenous languages is dropping at alarming
rates. Moreover, the depletion of natural and social capital may have non-linear consequences.
Consumption of natural and social capital may have no observable impact until a certain threshold is
reached. A lake can, for example, absorb nutrients for a long time while actually increasing its
productivity. However, once a certain level of algae is reached lack of oxygen causes the lakes
ecosystem to break down suddenly.[citation needed]

Business as usual[edit]

Before flue-gas desulfurization was installed, the air-polluting emissions from this power plant in New
Mexico contained excessive amounts of sulfur dioxide.

If the degradation of natural and social capital has such important consequence the question arises
why action is not taken more systematically to alleviate it. Cohen and Winn (2007) [73] point to four
types of market failure as possible explanations: First, while the benefits of natural or social capital
depletion can usually be privatized, the costs are often externalized (i.e. they are borne not by the
party responsible but by society in general). Second, natural capital is often undervalued by society
since we are not fully aware of the real cost of the depletion of natural capital. Information
asymmetry is a third reasonoften the link between cause and effect is obscured, making it difficult
for actors to make informed choices. Cohen and Winn close with the realization that contrary to
economic theory many firms are not perfect optimizers. They postulate that firms often do not
optimize resource allocation because they are caught in a "business as usual" mentality.[citation needed]

See also[edit]

Applied sustainability

Circles of Sustainability

Conservation biology

Conservation development

Conservation (ethic)

Ecological modernization

Ecologically sustainable development

Environmental issue

Environmental justice

Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education

Micro-sustainability

Planetary boundaries

Public schemes for energy efficient refurbishment

Social sustainability

State of Sustainability Initiatives

Sustainability standards and certification

Sustainable coffee

Sustainable development goals

Sustainable fishery

Sustainable forest management

Sustainable land management

Sustainable living

Sustainable yield

Sustainopreneurship

Zero-carbon city

Further reading[edit]

Ahmed, Faiz (2008). An Examination of the Development Path Taken by Small Island Developing
States. (pp. 1726)

Atkinson, G., S. Dietz, and E. Neumayer (2009). Handbook of Sustainable Development. Edward
Elgar Publishing, ISBN 1848444729.

Bakari, Mohamed El-Kamel. "Globalization and Sustainable Development: False Twins?." New Global
Studies 7.3: 23-56. ISSN (Online) 1940-0004, ISSN (Print) 2194-6566, DOI: 10.1515/ngs-2013-021,
November 2013.

Bertelsmann Stiftung, ed. (2013). Winning Strategies for a Sustainable Future. Reinhard Mohn Prize
2013. Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gtersloh. ISBN 978-3-86793-491-6.

Book Review on An Introduction to Sustainable Development by Peter Rogers, Kazi Jalal, & John
Boyd Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy, Published online June 18, 2008

Beyerlin, Ulrich. Sustainable Development, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law

Danilov-Danilyan, Victor I., Losev, K.S., Reyf, Igor E. Sustainable Development and the Limitation of
Growth: Future Prospects for World Civilization. Transl. Vladimir Tumanov. Ed. Donald Rapp. New York:
Springer Praxis Books, 2009. Google Book

Sustainable development has been defined in many ways, but the most frequently quoted definition is from Our
Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report:[1]
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs. It contains within it two key concepts:

the concept of needs, in particular the essential needs of the world's poor, to which overriding priority
should be given; and

the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environment's
ability to meet present and future needs."

sembanimit@gmail.com

Why is Sustainability Important?

Sustainability is the ability to maintain a certain status or process in existing systems. The most
frequent use of the term sustainability is connected to biological or human systems in the
context of ecology. The ability of an ecosystem to function and maintain productivity for a
prolonged period is also sustainability.
Living a sustainable lifestyle is one way to help. In this series pages we will go into
what sustainability has to with ecology,recycling, water, and more. We will also reveal what
some companies (like Petsmart and Disney) are doing to make a difference by operating their
businesses in a sustainable way.

Why is Sustainability Important / Our Future Depends Upon It

Sustainability is important because all the choices we pursue and all the actions that we make
today will affect everything in the future. We need to make sound decisions at present in order
to avoid limiting the choices of generations to come.
For example, if you continue wasting water and polluting the dwindling supply of freshwater that
we have today, we leave future generations with no other choice than to desalinate saltwater or
treat contaminated water for their consumption and daily use. We can also be assured that, if
that happens, all life that depends on clean freshwater will become extinct.
The same goes with the supply of soil that we currently have. Without proper care, our soils can
easily lose quality enough that they will no longer be able to encourage growth and sustain life.
If that happens, future civilizations will be void of crop and other natural sources of food. They
will then have no other choice but to create man-made sources for nourishment and
sustenance.

Why is Sustainability Important / Extinction Will Prevail

The two examples described above may seem terrible but, in fact, those are not the worst
circumstances we can leave the future of mankind with. If clean water and good soil become
scarce enough, all life on Earth can become extinct. Keep in mind that this does not just apply to
soil and water but all elements of nature that are crucial to sustaining the Earths equilibrium.
In the past, the entire human population was small and civilizations had very few needs. At that
time, natural resourcesseemed infinite because the capacity of nature to regenerate was much
higher than the rate at which human beings used up resources.
Why is Sustainability Important / Time to Wake Up
Today, we are painfully beginning to learn that environmental resources are limited and are quite
sensitive to everything that we do. We are starting to experience the effects of the actions of
generations that came before us. To make sure that future generations will not experience
worse, we need to be aware of the ideals and requirements of sustainability.
As we become aware, we need to put what we learn into action as that is the only way we can
allow nature to catch up with the rate at which our requirements grow. This does not mean
having to stifle human development. On the contrary, it means sustaining the supply of
resources so that we can, in turn, sustain human development.
Sources
http://www.epa.gov/sustainability/
http://www.epa.gov/sustainability/basicinfo.htm#sustainability
http://www.whistler2020.ca/whistler/site/genericPage.acds?
context=1967862&instanceid=1967863
http://bas.berkeley.edu/sustainability/why
Thank you for visiting the Why is Sustainability Important page. For more information on
sustainability follow these links:
Definition of Sustainability
Types of Sustainability
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Green Sustainability

Natural Resource Sustainability

Living Sustainability
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Water Movement Sustainability
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What is Meant by Sustainability
Definition for Sustainability
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