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Chapter - 6
Information Technology and
The Supply Chain
Chapter # 6 Outline
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Inventory
Transportation
deciding on transportation
networks, routing, modes, shipments and vendors
requires information about costs, customer
locations and shipment sizes to make good
decisions.
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Pricing
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Characteristics of Useful
Supply Chain Information
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Use of Information
In a Supply Chain
Examples:
Strategic:
location decisions
Planning:
Operational:
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Use of Information
In a Supply Chain
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Macro process
in a Supply Chain
Supplier
Relationship
Management
(SRM)
Internal
Supply Chain
Management
(ISCM)
Customer
Relationship
Management
(CRM)
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Customer Relationship
Management
The processes that take place between an enterprise
and its customers downstream in the supply chain
Key processes:
Marketing Good It systems in the marketing area within
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At the highest level, the three SCM macro processes will continue to drive
the evolution of enterprise software.
The following three important trends will impact on IT in the supply chain
the growth in software as a service ( SaaS)
Increased availability of real time data.
Increased use of mobile technology.
SaaS is defined as software that is owned, delivered, and managed
remotely.
Salesforce.com is one of the best known pure SaaS supply chain software
providers. 2009 growth 10%, 2014 16%
Traditional enterprise software vendors such as SAP, oracle, Microsoft are
increasing the availability of their software using the SaaS model.
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Risk management in IT
Two major categories of Risk
The first risk involved with installing new IT systems- a firm is forced to
transition from old processes to new IT systems.
Trouble might be found in business processes or technical issues.
New system requires to be learned and trained up
Requires the entire organization to be onboard but top
management are not actively involved with the transition.
Tremendous technical hurdles need to be overcome.
Without proper integration the system doesnt give great
result/outcome as promised earlier.
Supply Chain Information Technology in Practice
The second risk is that the more a firm relies on IT to make decisions,
the higher is the risk that any sort of IT problem, ranging from glitches
to power outrages to viruses can completely shut down a firm.
A firm must plan to face such kind of risk.
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Risk management in IT
Three ideas to implementing IT systems.
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Strategic SCM
PART 5
Characteristics of Forecasts
Characteristics of Forecasts
Components of a Forecast
Past demand
Key Points
Forecasting Methods
Forecasting Methods
Simulation it imitate the consumer choices that give rise to demand to arrive at a
forecast.
using simulation, a firm can combine time-series and causal methods.
Its rather difficult to decide which method is most appropriate for forecasting. Several studies have indicated that using multiple forecasting methods
to create a combined forecast is more effective than using any one method alone.
Forecasting Methods
Forecasting Methods
With Any forecasting method there is always a random element that can
not be explained by historical demand patterns. Therefore, any observed
demand can be broken into a systematic and a random component
Random component is that part of the forecast that deviates from the
systematic part.
The forecast error measures the difference between the forecast and actual
demand
2.
3.
Identify the major factors that influence the demand forecast At the
4.
5.
demand side company must ascertain whether demand is growing or declining or has
a seasonal pattern. Estimates must be on demand not on sale data. At the supply side
company must consider the available supply sources to decide on the accuracy of
the forecast of the desired.
This link should exist at both the information system and the
human resources management level
Forecasting in Practice
It takes an investment of time and effort to build the relationships with your
partners to begin sharing information and creating collaborative forecast.
Share only the data that truly provide value. The value of data depends
on where one sits in the supply chain. Keeping the data shared to what
is truly required decreases investment in IT and improves the chances of
successful collaboration.
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