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PERIODIC ASSESSMENT OF WATERLOGGING & LAND

DEGRADATION IN PART OF SHARDA SAHAYAK COMMAND


WITHIN SAI-GOMTI BASIN OF U.P.

with a focus on probable causes , related issues & remedies

R.S.Sinha, N.K. Choudhary, P.K. Srivastava, Naveen Kr. Shukla


State Water Resources Agency, Govt. of U.P., Walmi Bhawan, Utrethia, Lucknow, U.P.
SYNOPSIS
Sai-Gomti Interfluve Area, spreading over an area of 5.42 lakh ha. in the central & eastern parts of
Ganga Basin of Uttar Pradesh and constituting part of Sharda Sahayak Canal Command, has been facing
numerous geo-environmental hazards viz. waterlogging & salt encrustation (usar), thereby resulting into
degradation of land resources and loosing culturable land, primarily because of inadequate water resource
planning & improper management applications under the existing canal system. The studies revealed that the
waterlogging & associated problems have largely affected the land productivity in the Sai-Gomti basin.
As the above area imperatively needed an integrated water management plan, a World Bank funded
project i.e. U.P. Water Sector Restructuring Project (UPWSRP) has been undertaken in the Jaunpur Branch Subbasin (JBS) of Sai-Gomti Interfluvial Area, with a view to effectively utilize both surface & ground water in a
conjunctive manner for sustainable & efficient crop production along with socio- environmental development.
Under the project, various studies have been carried-out to assess ground water regimenal changes
occurring in the Jaunpur Branch Sub-basin. Periodic changes in ground water levels and the relative trend of
waterlogging have been suitably detected applying G.I.S. technique. Under the UPWSRP, 475 closely installed
digital peizometers have been established and the daily monitoring of water levels have been started since
August, 2005. Based on common water level observations made in post monsoon 2005, 2006 & 2007, various
depth ranges of ground water levels have been delineated. As observed, the head reaches of JBS are mostly
affected with shallower water levels, causing sub-surface waterlogged conditions. About 41,154 ha (7.5%) has
been delineated as sodic land, which has been formed through various processes, and as such indicate the extent
of land degradation. Further, to find out more precisely the extent of land degradation, block-wise Land Damage
Index with respect to culturable command area has been evaluated, depicting the intensity of land damage as
high in the upper reaches and gradually decreases towards lower reaches.
It is concluded that the sub-surface waterlogging occurring in the JBS is primarily induced due to
excessive and improper use of canal water as well as other factors. It is therefore suggested to effectively
implement the conjunctive use plan as a long-term remedial measure for waterlogging problem. Research needs
for combating waterlogging are also suggested.
INTRODUCTION
Canals in the state of U.P. have been constructed as a part of large irrigation systems to provide water in
the lower reaches from the barrages built on the major rivers entering the Gangetic Plains, primarily to intensify
the irrigation programmes and also to supplement the growing demand of water in agriculture sector. But, ineffective water management practices in canal commands, combined with excessive water applications due to
the absence of integrated water use mechanism, have eventually led to the problems of rising ground water
levels, waterlogging & salt-encrustation. Such geo- environmental degradation of hydrological basins has now
become a burning problem of almost all the canal commands of the state. About 8.10 lakh ha. area of the state is
reported as waterlogged whereas about 20% area is affected with sub-surface waterlogging in post-monsoon
with water levels in the depth range of 0-3 mbgl, thereby hindering the crop production.
The Sharda Sahayak Feeder Channel envisages a major canal system in the State of Uttar Pradesh
commissioned in 1975 to supplement water supplies in the lower reaches of the old Sharda Canal system,
constructed earlier in 1928. The Project was initially conceived to utilize the vast untapped water resource of
river Ghaghra. It has been observed that since the commissioning of this irrigation system, ground water
regimen within the canal command, including the Sai-Gomti Basin, has led to a general rise of ground water
levels at various places due to uncontrolled canal water use, poor water management, large scale paddy cropping,
poor drainage & sub-soil texture, lateral slopes and allied factors, thereby inducing sub-surface water logging
and increase in the salt-affected land. At places, it has also resulted into surface water logging. The feeder
channel, also named as Indira Canal, taking off on the right bank of Sharda barrage has a designed capacity
discharge of 650 cumecs at the head and supplies water to Dariyabad, Barabanki, Haidergarh, Sultanpur,
Jaunpur, Azamgarh, Pratapgarh, Raibareli, Allahabad, Shahganj and Marihan branches and their distributaries.
(Published in proceedings, 7th International R&D Conference, organized by CBIP, on 4-6 Feb. 2009 at
Bhuvneshwar)

The purpose of this project was quite ambitious mainly to increase the overall intensity of irrigation in
command area to about 115%, by constructing 7273 km. length of new channels and remodeling of the existing
6126 km. channels.
Though the implementation of this major surface irrigation scheme has adequately enhanced the
irrigation potential, but simultaneously, the seepage along the feeder channel and in the command has brought in
its wake the environmental problems of waterlogging and soil salinity. In fact, these environmental situations
have severely hindered the developmental process due to degradation of vast land in the command; thereby
rendering some culturable land as infertile.
The preliminary studies based on satellite data output of year 1975 and 1985 also indicated that the
poor water management practices and over use of water from the existing canal network of Sharda Sahayak
Canal Command, is chiefly responsible for excessive rise of ground water table within the Sai-Gomti basin,
thereby resulted in waterlogged conditions and subsequent land degradation at various places.
These land degradation processes have further adversely affected the efficient utilization of land
resources in the study area under Sharda Sahayak command. Field inventory & historical observations also
indicate that ground water regimen has undergone changes and a general rise in sub-surface water table has been
clearly noticed within the canal system. In certain areas, it has also risen to the surface catalysing surface
waterlogging during the years of operation of the canals. Precisely, the resultant damage to ecosystem within
Sai- Gomti interstream area is severe.
GENERALITIES ABOUT SAI-GOMTI BASIN
The project area i.e. Jaunpur Branch Sub-basin covering part of Sai-Gomti Basin spreads over an area
of 5.42 lakh ha., comprising 36 blocks of 5 districts namely, Barabanki, Raebareli, Sultanpur, Pratapgarh &
Jaunpur.
-

Physiographically, the area is almost a flat terrain with occasional undulations. The general slope of the
terrain is northwest to southeast.
The study area i.e. Sai-Gomti Interfluvial Tract, forms a part of Central Ganga Plain. It is underlain
by unconsolidated sediments of Indo Gangetic alluvium of Quaternary age. The sediments were
deposited in structural trough, the foredeep on Vindhyan/Granite basement, assuming an enormous
sediment thickness that varies from place to place. Deep drilling data indicates that the sediment pile up
it 487 m thick at Sultanapur Janauli in district Raebareli, 399 m at Kandhai in Pratapgarh, whereas in
Jaunpur area the thickness was reported even up to 745m.
The alluvium comprises alternate layers of sand-silt-clay sequence, quite often the sequence gets
admixed with concretions of calcium carbonate locally called Kankar. At places, occurrence of Kankar
pan i.e.,hard and thick bed (2 to over 5m.) of Kankar has been encountered. They form complex
horizon but have limited aerial extent. Top alluvial layer is generally sandy loam/silty clay or even
clay.
Hydrogeological framework of the area is well established and depicts existence of multi-layered
aquifer system. Phreatic aquifer exists down to a depth of 50 mbgl It has been observed that there is
difference of heads in the phreatic and confined aquifer systems and this can find applicability for
eventual transfer of water from phreatic zone to any of multiple deep confined aquifer groups down
below especially in water logged areas.
The Gomti river forming the northern boundary and the Sai river the southern boundary mainly drain
the command area. These rivers have changed their courses from time to time and left behind old
meanders, oxbow lakes, paleochannels, depressions etc, which are periodically inundated catalysing
waterlogged condition on ground surface.

WATERLOGGING-A PHENOMENAL PROBLEM


Waterlogging is a phenomenal problem, caused by the increased inflow to a ground water body due to
excessive water seepage from surface water system, thereby disturbing the hydrologic regimenal equilibrium in a
particular hydrographic basin. As a matter of fact, inadequate provision of drainage in the irrigated areas has
given rise to serious problems of waterlogging and salinisation of agricultural lands. Due to increased irrigation,
seepage through canals, local flooding etc., the water table rises almost so high as to adversely affect the
productivity of the soil and restrict the air circulation to plant root zone. The soil under such condition is said to
be waterlogged.
However, waterlogging is of two types- Surface Waterlogging and Sub-surface Waterlogging, normally
developed under different set of conditions. The sub-surface waterlogging is a direct impact of ground water
level fluctuation and rising water levels.
It is important to mention here that the Special Committee of the Central Board of Irrigation & Power
(CBIP) has defined waterlogging as follows:

An area is said to be waterlogged when the water table rises to an extent that the soil pores in the root
zone of a crop become saturated, resulting in restriction of the normal circulation of air, decline in the level of
oxygen and increase in the level of carbon dioxide. The high water table, which is considered harmful, would
depend upon the type of crop, type of soil and the quality of water. The actual depth of water table, when it starts
affecting the yield of the crop adversely, may vary over a wide range from zero for rice to about 1.5 meters for
other crops. Wheat and sugarcane are affected when the depth to water level is within 0.6 meters. maize & bajra
are sensitive to water table within 1.2 meters, and gram and barley within 0.9 meter.
So far, waterlogging has been classified variously and different norms have been laid down. An "Expert
Group" constituted by the Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India in October 1986, for the
classification of waterlogged areas, has laid down following standards for depth of ground water level in Sharda
Sahayak Project area in U.P.:Level of Waterlogging
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Worst Zone
Bad Zone
Alarming Zone
Safe Zone

Depth of Water Level below


ground level
Less than 1m.
1-2 m.
2-3 m.
More than 3 m.

However, the CBIP Special Committee, 1991, has suggested the following norms for sub-surface water
logging, a phenomena controlled by ground water levels.
1.
2.
3.

Critically waterlogged
Potential area for waterlogging
Safe for crops

0-2 m
2-3 m
> 3 m.

Causes and Effects:


For the established ground water table, the inflow must be equal to the outflow. Under the set of
existing conditions, the water table or top surface of the ground reservoir establishes an approximate hydrologic
equilibrium. When a canal system is introduced in an area, large quantity of water, as a result of seepage from
canals, water course and irrigated fields is added to ground water regimen. This subsequently increases the level
of water table in the area. The use of canal water results in less utilisation of ground water/well water by the
cultivators. The direct consequences of this unbalanced utilisation are waterlogging and soil-salinity problem.
However, the causes of waterlogging may be natural or artificial. The natural causes responsible for
waterlogging are dependent on various factors like topography, rainfall, soil. geology and flooding. Whereas
artificial factors creating waterlogging include defective irrigation practices, seepage from canals, defective
methods of cultivation.
The waterlogging effects the environment in various ways. It mainly damages the land resource and the
crop productivity. The ill-effects may be -infertility of land, absence of aeration of soil, growth of water weeds
and plant disease, restricted root growth, decrease in productivity and fertilizer absorption capacity of soil,
decrease in overall agriculture produce, damage to floors and mud walls of village hutments due to widespread
seepage.

Field Photograph showing severity of Waterlogging & Salt- encrustation on left bank of Sharda Sahayak
main feeder near Km. Stone 169.

SODIC LAND
The most adverse situation of land degradation envisages the formation of Salt-Affected/Sodic Lands,
locally termed as i.e. Usar, which is usually a resultant factor of waterlogging. Due the continuing waterlogged
conditions and aided by capillary action, the evaporation takes place continuously and in the process, upward
flow of water from high water-table to the ground surface generally occurs, which carries salts in solution. These
salts eventually get precipitated on the land, thereby developing the salt-affected land & the fertility of the soil is
affected in two waysi. Excessive concentration of salt in root zone does not allow the plant to thrive.
ii. Continuous concentration of salt on the surface converts into sodic land, which is highly unproductive.
INITIATIVES FOR WATER SECTOR REFORMS IN U.P.
The State of UP has taken adequate steps for introducing water sector reform initiatives by way of
implementing the State Water Policy recommendations through a long term programmatic framework and with
the financial assistance of World Bank. So, the U.P. Water Sector Restructuring Project (UPWSRP) has started
working and is already in progress, focusing a river basin development & management approach to address all
issues related to water resource in an integrated, environmentally & socially sustainable framework. The main
development objectives of UPWSRP are:(i)
To set up an enabling institutional and policy framework for water sector reform in the State for
integrated water resources management
(ii)
To initiate irrigation and drainage sub-sector reforms in the state to increase & sustain water and
agricultural productivity.
Under the project, for an integrated & environmentally sustainable water management plan by way of
effectively utilizing both surface and ground water resources in a conjunctive manner for improving the land
productivity and increasing the cropping intensity, a pilot project has been initiated in Jaunpur Branch Subbasin (JBS) of Sai-Gomti Interfluvial Area, envisaging diversified activities & various studies.
APPROACH ADOPTED FOR WATERLOGGING ASSESSMENT
In any irrigation command, adequate knowledge of ground water levels is the foremost requirement for
effective water resource planning and management. Therefore, to generate extensive ground water database and
to have a detailed picture of ground water levels, 475 closely placed digital peizometers have been installed in
the study area of JBS for automatic recording of water levels. Since August 2005, daily monitoring of ground
water levels have started. As such, a comprehensive data base is being continuously generated and therefore,
seasonal variations in ground water regimen could be easily evaluated. Both pre monsoon & post monsoon
analysis of such data gathered so far through these peizometers have been systematically done.
The Geographical Information System i.e. G.I.S. based technique has been suitably applied to detect the
periodic and seasonal changes in ground water levels. Besides, the relative trend of sub-surface waterlogging has
also been deciphered.
Results:
In the course of study, based on common water level observations made in post- monsoon 2005, 2006 & 2007,
various depth ranges of ground water levels have been delineated using G.I.S. technique.

It has been observed that the head reaches of Jaunpur Branch Sub-basin (JBS) are mostly affected with
shallower water levels, thereby causing the sub-surface waterlogged conditions. Whereas, the lower
reaches have relatively deeper ground water levels.
As per the classification of sub-surface water logging, areas in the depth range of 0-1, 1-2 & 2-3 mbgl
have been categorized and the changes in water level trend have been remarkably detected between
2005 & 2007.
In post-monsoon 2005, ground water levels in 29.09% of total JBS area are found in the depth range of
0-3 mgl. This indicates the prevalence of sub-surface waterlogged conditions, whereas in 2006, the
spread of this water level depth has sharply decreased to 12% only. However, in post monsoon 2007, it
has relatively increased to 14.75%.
The comparative observations depict that the area having ground water levels in the depth range of 01mbgl (which is classified as worst zone or critically waterlogged from sub-surface waterlogging
point of view) has increased from 1444 ha.(0.27% of JBS) in post-monsoon 2005 to 2224.6 ha.
(0.42%) in post-monsoon 2007, while the spread of ground water levels in the depth range of 1-2 and 23 mbgl have significantly reduced. (as shown in the following table).

As revealed by the GIS mapping and as depicted in the respective table, even in the pre-monsoon
period, certain pockets in the upper reaches of JBS are found to have ground water levels in the depth
range of 1-3mbgl, indicating prevalence of permanent waterlogged conditions.
Areas having deeper ground water levels beyond 3 m. depth i.e. in the depth range of 3-5mbgl, 5-8
mbgl and > 8mbgl have also been also delineated systematically.

Maps showing different ground water levels in different depth ranges in JBS

Table: Coverage of ground water levels in different depth ranges (Post-monsoon 2005, 2006 & 2007)

Year
Depth Range (mbgl)
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
5-8
>8
Sum

2005
Area (ha.)
1444.0
65124.5
91186.9
145824.5
178321.6
60517.4
542418.9

Area (%)
0.27
12.01
16.81
26.88
32.87
11.16
100.00

2006
Area (ha.)
Area (%)
435.0
0.09
10867.6
2.01
53683.0
9.90
179045.0
33.00
209276.6
38.57
89111.8
16.43
542418.9
100.00

2007
Area (ha.)
Area (%)
2224.6
0.42
27087.6
5.00
50579.8
9.33
160426.3
29.57
179235.4
33.04
122865.3
22.65
542418.9
100.00

Table: Coverage of ground water levels in different depth ranges (Pre-monsoon 2006 & 2007)

Year
Depth Range (mbgl)
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
5-8
>8
Sum

2006
Area (ha.)
0
141.3
6157.1
113205.1
267104.3
155811.0
542418.8

2007
Area (%)
0
2.00.041
9.901.14
33.0020.87
38.5749.23
16.4328.72
100.00

Area (ha.)
0.0
1352.2
14835.3
93422.0
270280.7
162528.4
542418.8

Area (%)
0.00
0.26
2.74
17.23
49.82
29.96
100.00

Surface Waterlogging in JBS:


As per the Remote Sensing mapping (year 2004-05), surface waterlogged conditions are also found
prevailing in the JBS. About 6422 ha. area has been delineated as waterlogged, whereas 6883 ha. area is
covered with water bodies.
Maximum surface waterlogged area i.e. 3575 ha. has been identified from district Sultanpur, while in
district Raebareli 1864 ha. area is found affected with surface waterlogging.
Probable Causes/ Reasons for Waterlogging in JBS

The analysis of ground water level data and rising water levels clearly shows the impact of canal water on
ground water regimen. Therefore, the sub-surface waterlogging conditions in JBS may be primarily
attributed as canal induced, excessive water use, wrong agricultural practices and soil conditions.
But post-monsoon as well as pre-monsoon ground water levels show significant periodic variations, as can
be observed from the preceeding Tables. It may be inferred that such periodic variations in ground water
levels may be due to various local factors viz. rainfall pattern, soil conditions, on-going drainage
construction & canal cleaning activities.
As observed, in post-monsoon 2006, ground water level spread in the depth range of 0-3 m. has remarkably
reduced. The reasons may be the canal closure for a longer period for de-silting activity under canal
rehabilitation.
It is also noticed that the abundance of fluvial geomorphic features viz. palaeo-channels, oxbows etc, may
be responsible for catalyzing the surface waterlogged conditions.
Probable impact of rainfall on ground water level has also been assessed in the JBS, by using different
methods for rainfall analysis. The monsoonal rainfall in JBS has been analysed using Isohytel & other
methods and the result have been compared with spread of sub-surface waterlogged area i.e. ground water
levels in the range of 0-3 mbgl The results indicate that the rainfall has affected as well as aggravating the
existing waterlogged conditions in certain areas of JBS.
Comparative Analysis for Average Monsoonal Rainfall in JBS (mm)
Method/Yr.

Arithmetical Mean

Theissein Polygon

Isohytel

0-3 mbgl/ Waterlogged Area (%)


% Cover

Factor Responsible

2005

459.20

482.82

691.48

29.00

Canal + Rainfall

2006

485.72

489.31

677.30

12.00

Canal Rehabilitation

2007

471.97

440.12

597.42

14.77

Canal + Rainfall

Table: Comparative Analysis of Mean Average Rainfall in JBS

SOIL SODICITY & LAND DAMAGE INDEX IN JBS


In canal commands, the occurrence of salt-affected lands/soil sodicity is normally the end result of subsurface waterlogging besides other related/ natural factors and thus, degrading of the land occurs which made it
unfit for crop-production.
In the JBS, formation of sodic/ salt-affected land is a continuous process and therefore, sodic land
reclamation measures are also being taken-up by the Department of Agriculture. This sodic land (Usar) is
normally classified into different classes for the purpose of reclamation. Remote sensing based mapping, based
on satellite images of 2004-05 depicts about 41,154 ha. area i.e. 7.5% of JBS delineated as sodic land, showing
the magnitude of land degradation.

The maximum 10% land is reported as sodic land, i.e. Usar in district Raebareli, where sub-surface
waterlogging is relatively also high. Whereas in districts Sultanpur & Pratapgarh, relatively low soil
sodicity i.e. 7% & 8.5% area is found salt-affected respectively.
Direct impact of sub-surface waterlogging on the formation of salt-affected land has been observed in
JBS, where in the head reaches, sodic land area has been delineated upto 19.5% in the areas of
shallower water levels i.e. 0-3 mbgl Whereas, in the tail reaches of the project area, where ground water
level is deeper i.e. beyond 3 mbgl, only 1% of area is found as salt-affected.

Assessing Land Damage Index:


The waterlogging & soil sodicity are the main factors for largely affecting the productivity level of
culturable command by rendering such area as infertile for crop-production. The Land Damage Index is an
important parameter for determining more precisely the extent of land degradation in any canal command.

This Index denotes how much culturable land has degraded due to waterlogging & soil sodicity/
alkalinity in an area. This index can be calculated as follows:
Waterlogged Area+ Sodic/Alkaline land
Land Damage Index =

Culturable Command Area

In JBS, the analysis for Land Damage Index has been carried-out block-wise. The result shows that the
intensity of land damage/degradation is high in the upper reaches which gradually decreases towards the lower

reaches. Such findings clearly indicate that waterlogging & soil sodicity is high in upper reaches. Whereas in
lower reaches, index of land degradation has significantly reduced.
Land Damage Index in JBS
District
Raebareli
Sultanpur
Pratapgarh
Jaunpur

Land Damage Index (%)


0.14
0.10
0.09
0.03

So, this Index assumes significance for integrated water resource planning in canal command areas
especially JBS.
SOME ISSUES
There are some important issues related to waterlogging which are to be looked into seriously.

Waterlogged areas in U.P. so for variously assessed by different agencies.


Some reported 8 lakh ha or more, while some put >36 lakh ha area under waterlogging.
Waterlogging is yet to be correctly mapped.
Lot of confusion relates to its definition and the term waterlogged.
Confusion prevailing between the term surface water logging & sub-surface waterlogging.
No Department/ Agency owns the responsibility for its management.

CONCLUSIONS
Due to ineffective & unplanned water management practices, the project area i.e. Jaunpur Branch Subbasin, falling under Sai-Gomti Basin is facing varied geo-environmental problems viz. waterlogging, soil
sodicity, rising ground water levels and in the process, significant culturable land has been lost. As the subsurface waterlogging occurring in the JBS is primarily canal induced i.e. because of overuse of water, poor
drainage & soil conditions etc., the urgent need is to implement the conjunctive use concepts.
Under the conjunctive use plan, as a long term remedial measure, it is suggested to reduce use of canal
water and simultaneously ground water withdrawal should be judiciously enhanced in the project area. By
adopting this strategy, waterlogged area could be reduced & recovered effectively and the land productivity will
also improve gradually.
As a comprehensive mechanism for ground water monitoring has been established in the project area, it
is expected that the information being generated would be of immense use for the resource planning and
management. This may also help in initiating new researches in the Jaunpur Branch Sub-basin.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors are highly grateful to Er. V.K.Bansal, Chief Engineer (Level-I) / Irrigation & Drainage
Expert, SWaRA and Er. P.K.Singh, Chief Engineer (Level-I)/ Director, SWaRDAC for there valuable guidance
and suggestions during the preparation of this paper. Thanks are also due to Dr. Nurul Hasan, Ground Water
Expert, PACT, for providing technical assistance.

ABOUT AUTHORS
R.S. Sinha
Ravindra Swaroop Sinha, post graduated in Geology from the University of Lucknow in 1977. Also Life
Member of Indian Society of Remote Sensing and presently holding the post of vice-president in the societys
Lucknow Chapter. Joined Ground Water Department, U.P. as Hydrologist in 1979 and worked in different fields
of ground water survey. He had more than 15 years working experience in the field of Remote Sensing for
ground water resource investigation in alluvial and hard rock areas of U.P. Also worked in the field of rainwater
harvesting and ground water recharge. Presently working as Ground Water Expert in State Water Resources
Agency, Lucknow since November,2007.
email- r.s.sinha11@gmail.com
N.K. Choudhary
Nagendra Kishore Choudhary, post graduated in geology from the University of Lucknow in 1970. A Fellow of
Indian Association of Hydrological and Society of Geoscientist and also Life Member of Indian Society of
Remote Sensing. In 1972 worked as Junior Geologist in Ground Water Directorate, Govt. of Gujarat. In 1973
joined in Ground Water Investigation Organization of U.P. Irrigation Department as Hydrologist and worked till
1975. Thereafter, GWIO separately established as U.P. Ground Water Department, where worked in different
capacities for hydrological monitoring and evaluation. Presently working as Ground Water Expert in State Water
Resources Agency, Lucknow since November, 2007.
email- nagendra1950@yahoo.com
P.K. Srivastava
Pradeep Kumar Srivastava graduated in Civil Engineering from the University of Roorkee in 1977 and obtained
post graduate diploma in Soil mechanics and Foundation Engineering from I.I.T. Delhi in 1978. From 1978 to
1980 he worked in U.P. State Bridge Corporation Ltd., specializing in design of Bridges. In 1980 he joined U.P.
Irrigation Department and worked in different capacities on civil aspects on construction of canals, running of
canals, flood protection works, Design and investigation of projects etc. Since 2006, he has been working as
Basin Planning Expert in State Water Resources Agency Lucknow & involved in preparation of Basin plans and
running of different Models.
email: pks_57@yahoo.co.in
Naveen Kr. Shukla

Naveen Kr. Shukla Post Graduated in Geology from University of Lucknow in 1999. Obtained M. Tech degree
in Remote Sensing form Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi in 2002 & also pursuing Ph.D.at Deptt. of
Civil Engineering at IIT Rookee. In 2005 worked as Sr. Remote Sensing Analyst for Andhra Pradesh Economic
Restructuring Project-Irrigation Component (APERP-IC, World Bank Assisted) Irrigation Department, Andhra
Pradesh. In 2006, joined World Bank Assisted Uttar Pradesh Water Sector Restructuring Project of Irrigation
Department U. P. as Ground Water Expert in Project Activity Core Team & from August, 2006 working as
GIS Expert at State Water Resources Agency, Uttar Pradesh. Presently engaged in Implementation of Spatial
Tools for Hydrological and Hydro geological Modeling for Integrated Water Resources Management in Irrigated
Agriculture.
email: naveen_shukla@rediffmail.com

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