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5/6/2015

EnvironmentalImpactAssessmentInstitutionofEngineers

InstitutionofEngineers,Australia
TheEIAconcepthasbeenacceptedbytheCommonwealth
GovernmentandallStateandTerritoryGovernments.Theobject
ofEIAistoprovideforenvironmentalmatterstobetakeninto
accountinthemakingofdecisions,byallinterestedparties.The
AustralianandNewZealandEnvironmentandConservation
Council(ANZECC),inareportonanationalapproachto
environmentalimpactassessmentproceduresthroughout
Australia(toprovidegreaterstreamliningofEIAandother
approvalsprocesses),identifiedtheobjectivesofEIAas:
toensurethatdecisionsaretakenfollowingtimelyand
soundenvironmentaladvice
toencourageandprovideopportunitiesforpublic
participationinenvironmentalaspectsofproposalsbefore
decisionsaretaken
toensurethatproponentsofproposalstakeprimary
responsibilityforprotectionoftheenvironmentrelatingto
theirproposals
tofacilitateenvironmentallysoundproposalsbyminimising
adverseaspectsandmaximisingbenefitstothe
environment
toprovideabasisforongoingenvironmentalmanagement
includingthroughtheresultsofmonitoringand
topromoteawarenessandeducationinenvironmental
values.
CaringfortheEarthconsidersthatEIAismosteffectiveand
constructivefornewprojectswhenpotentialenvironmental
impactsareassessedattheprefeasibilityandfeasibilitystages.
Itfurthernotesthatitisimportantthatallgroupsaffectedbythe
projectshouldbeprovidedwithrelevantinformationearlyenough
sothattheymayparticipateintheassessmentprocess.
Asaresultofthevaryinglegislativeandprocedural
arrangementsadoptedbydifferinggovernments,requirements
http://www.herinst.org/envcrisis/eis/background/eng.html

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EnvironmentalImpactAssessmentInstitutionofEngineers

forenvironmentaldocumentationalsovary.
Most,however,havethefollowingfeaturesincommon:
provisionofinitialinformationtoauthoritiesandaffected
parties.Thisisabriefsummaryofmattersincludingthe
natureoftheproposal,theexistingenvironment,the
principalenvironmentalimpactslikelytoresultfromthe
project,andanyproposalsforpreventingorameliorating
adverseimpacts.FurtherEIArequirementsareusually
determinedonthebasisofthisinformation.
theprincipalEIAdocumentisknownvariouslyasan
EnvironmentalImpactStatementorEnvironmentalImpact
Study(EIS),orEnvironmentalEffectsStatement(EES).It
addressesinsomedetailmatterssuchastheneedforthe
development,possiblealternativestotheproposal,the
existingenvironment,theenvironmentalimpactsofthe
proposalanditsalternatives,proposalsforenvironmental
safeguards,managementandmonitoringetc.
CommonwealthandsomeStates'proceduresalsomake
provisionforalessexhaustivedocument,knownasaPublic
EnvironmentReport(PER).Thisisutilisedinthose
circumstanceswhenitisdesirablethatthepublicbemade
awareoftheenvironmentalaspectsofaproposaland
measurestakentoprotecttheenvironment,butwherethe
preparationofafullEISisnotwarranted.Asappropriate,a
PERmayaddressonlyaparticularfeatureofaproposaland
itsenvironmentalimplications.
UnderallEIAproceduresinAustralia,theresponsibilityfor
preparationofthedocumentationrestswiththeproponentofthe
proposedaction.Thisisacontroversialissue.Howeverunlessthe
proponentortheiragentpreparestheassessmentthereisno
directmechanismformodifyingandadaptingtheproposed
developmentsothatitmeetsthenecessarystandardsof
environmentalcompatibility.
WhereaproposeddevelopmentcomesunderCommonwealth,
State(orTerritory),orLocalGovernmentjurisdiction,itmay
havetomeettheEIArequirementsofallgovernmentallevels.
http://www.herinst.org/envcrisis/eis/background/eng.html

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AtthetimeofpreparationoftheseEnvironmentalPrinciples,
thereareformalandinformalcooperativearrangementsbetween
theCommonwealthandStategovernmentstoprovideforthe
integrationoftheirrespectiveassessmentrequirementsand
procedures.
Toavoidanyfutureduplicationanddelays,theintergovernmental
agreementontheenvironmentbetweentheCommonwealth,all
statesandterritories,andlocalgovernment,includesaschedule
toimprovetheconsistencyofapproachappliedbyalllevelsof
governmentandavoidduplication.
Inpractice,boththecurrentandproposedarrangementsfor
environmentalimpactassessment,requireonlyonedocumentto
besubmittedandassessedinaccordancewithagreed
arrangements.
Carefulandthoroughevaluationofthejustificationforaprojectin
termsofenvironmental,economicandsocialconsiderationsisof
fundamentalimportance.Theproponentsofaproject,bethey
politicians,governmentdepartments,adhocbodies,local
authorities,privatecompaniesorindividuals,mayperceivea
needwhichmaynotbesharedorperceivedbypartsofthelocal,
regionalornationalcommunity.Proponentsshouldseektoensure
ahighstandardofcommunityawarenessofaproposedproject,
includingtheenvironmentalramifications.
Alternativewaysofachievingdefinedobjectivesshouldbe
rigorouslyexamined.Achievingdefinedobjectivesmaynot
alwaysrequirenewworks.Thebettermanagementofdemand
mayallowobjectivestobeachievedwithouttheneedfor
developingnewresources.Therationalebehindtheneedforany
projectmustbeexaminedupfrontbeforeproceedingtoother
assessments.
Therearefundamentalquestionstobeaskedandansweredatthe
planningconceptstagesofaprojecttoensurethattheneedis
evaluatedonarationalbasis.Engineershaveanimportant
professionalandenvironmentalresponsibilitytoquestionunclear
motivesandlogic,omissions,possiblemisrepresentationofneed
andurgency,andpossibleunwiseuseofresources.Theanalysis
shouldincludeanattempttounderstandanddefinetheassociated
effectsofalternativestotheproposal.Althoughdetailed
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environmentalstatementsontheseassociatedproposalsmaynot
bepossible,itisoftenthelackofreferencetothesesortsof
issuesthatleadstocriticismofproposals.Itmaynotalwaysbe
theengineer'sresponsibilitytoanswerthesequestionsbutthere
shouldbearesponsibilitytoensurethatthisimportantproject
stagehasbeencarefullyaddressed.
Environmentalimpactassessmenthasonlybeenbriefly
summarisedabove.Thepurposehasbeentodemonstratethe
importanceof,andtheimportantfeaturesofEIA,forthe
implementationofecologicallysustainabledevelopment.Indue
coursethelegislativerequirementsandthepracticeofEIAareto
bethesubjectofasubsequentSectionoftheEnvironmental
Principles.
AsstatedinANZECC(1991)'...EIAinAustraliaisnowamature
processwithintheoverallmachineryofgovernmentdecision
making...AnationalapproachtoEIAisbeingpromotedtoassist
intheimplementationofecologicalsustainabledevelopment.'
Basedon:"ENVIRONMENTALPRINCIPLESFORENGINEERS"1992,
PreparedbytheNationalCommitteeonEnvironmental
Engineering

Back...
2003SharonBeder

http://www.herinst.org/envcrisis/eis/background/eng.html

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