1

KERJA MASA CUTI PERTENGAHAN TAHUN

PAPER 2:
1. Diagram 1 shows organelles P, Q, R and S that are found in a cell.

(a)
and R.

(i) Name P
P:

M..
R: .
[1 mark]
(ii) State the function of organelles P and R.
P : ..
R: .
(b)

[2 marks]
Q are absent in the pancreatic cells of a human.
Explain the effect of the absence of Q to the production of enzymes.

[3 marks]

2.

Diagram 2 shows comparison between two types of cell division in an organism

Draw the chromosomes in the circle given in Diagram 2 for telophase I and telophase II
[6 marks]
ESSAY: SECTION B
(1) a) Based on the Diagram 2, explain `eutrophication` process.
[10 marks]
b) Explain how each of the following can reduce water pollution:
(i)
Treating sewage
(ii
Using organic fertilizers rather than inorganic ones.
[6 marks]
(c) Explain how deforestation of rainforest can cause the flash flood
[4 marks]

2. Diagram 5 shows the menu for Miss Muffet breakfast. She takes a cup of milk and
two slides of whole meal bread spread with butter.

DIAGRAM 5
(a)

Is Miss Muffets breakfast menu a balanced diet for an adult?

Give reasons for your answer.

(b)

[4 marks]

Explain how the food rich in carbohydrate is digested in the body of Miss Muffet.
[ 6 marks]

3. Diagram below shows two types of immunities.

Explain the differences between the types of immunity obtained by individuals X and Y.
[6 marks]

PAPER 3
1. Diagram 1 shows an experiment that had been carried out to investigate the effect of air
movement on the rate of transpiration hibiscus plant by using a potometer. Time is taken
for an air bubble to move from X to Y (10 cm distance) by using stopwatch.

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Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan
pergerakan udara terhadap kadar transpirasi pokok bunga raya menggunakan satu
potometer. Masa di ambil untuk satu gelembung udara untuk bergerak dari X ke Y [jarak
10 cm] dengan menggunakan jam randik

Diagram 1

The potometer is placed near a fan with air speed adjusted at different velocity in the
same room with temperature 30oC. The result of the experiment is shown in the table
1.
Potometer ini diletakkan dalam bilik yang sama, berhampiran dengan kipas angin
dimana halaju angin berbeza. Keputusan eksperimen ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 1

Fan speed

Stopwatch reading

Time taken by air bubble to

move from X to Y (minute)

36

28

18

15

Table 1
Base on the Diagram 1 and Tables 1 answer all questions:

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1(a)(i)

State two observations on the time of air bubble moves.

Nyatakan dua pemerhatian tentang masa dalam eksperimen ini
Observation 1

When the fan speed is 1, the time taken by air bubble to move from X to Yis 36
minutes.
Observation 2

When the fan speed is 4, the time taken by air bubble to move from X to Y is 15
minutes.
[3 marks]
(a)(ii)

State one inference for each observation made in (a) (i).

Nyatakan satu inferen bagi setiap pemerhatian yang dibuat pada 1(a)(i)
Inference for observation 1

The time taken by air bubble to move from X to Y is the longest because water
molecule evaporate at surface of the leaves slowly under slow air movement
causing the air bubble to move in long time.
Inference for observation 2

The time taken by air bubble to move from X to Y is the shortest because water
molecule evaporate at surface of the leaves rapidly under fast air movement
causes it to move in short time.
[3 marks]
(b)(i)

Draw a table based on the following criteria:

Bina satu jadual berdasarkan criteria berikut

Fan speed
Time taken
Transpiration rate
[Transpiration rate =

Fan
speed
1
2
3
4

Distance
Time

[cm/min]

Time taken for air bubbles to move (min)

36
28
18
15

Transpiration rate(cm
/min)
0.28
0.36
0.56
0.67

[3 marks]
(b) (ii)

Plot a graph of rate of transpiration rate against fan speed based on (b)(i)
Lakarkan satu graf kadar transpirasi melawan halaju kipas berdasarkan (b)(i)

[3 marks]

(c)

State the relationship between the increase of air movement and the rate of transpiration.
Explain your answer
Nyatakan hubungan antara pertambahan keamatan cahaya dengan kadar transpirasi.
Terangkan jawapan anda
When the air movement increases, the rate of transpiration increases. This is because the water
Molecules evaporate at surface of the leaves rapidly under high air movement causing the rate of
transpiration increases.
[3 marks]

(d)

State the variables in the experiment and explain how the variables are operated
Nyatakan pembolehubah dan cara mengendalikan pembolehubah
Variables in the experiment

How the variables are operated

Manipulated variable

Air movement

Use different speed of fan that is 1, 2, 3 and4

Responding variable:

Rate of transpiration

Calculate and record the rate of transpiration by

using formula distance/time (cm/min)

Fixed variables :

Temperature

Fix the temperature at 30 degree celcius.

[3 marks]

(e)

State the hypothesis for this experiment.

Nyatakan hipotesis eksperimen ini
The faster the air movement, the higher the rate of transpiration.
[3 marks]

(f)

Based on the experiment, define transpiration operationally

Berdasarkan eksperimen, beri definisi transpirasi secara operasi

Transpiration is a process of loss of water vapour shown by the time taken by air
bubble to travel from X to Y affected by the air movement.
[3 marks]

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(g)

The experiment is repeated by placing the set-up in the dark without fan. Predict transpiration
rate of the plant shoot under this condition. Explain your prediction.
Jika eksperimen diulang dengan meletakkan radas dalam gelap, ramalkan kadar transpirasi
tumbuhan ini. Terangkan ramalan anda

0.1 cm/min.The rate of transpiration is lower due to low light intensity and lower
air movement.
[3 marks]

(f)
Classify the apparatus and materials used in this experiment.
Kelaskan alat radas dan bahan yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.

Apparatus

Materials

Thermometer

Water

Stopwatch

Hibiscus plant

Ruler

Capillary tube

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[3 marks]
[33 marks]

Question 2
Question 2
Diagram 2 shows an area where different activities are being carried out. The river flowing in
that area receives the wastes from the town and also from the factories. In conjunction with
their studies of the effects of human activities on the environment, a group of students carried
out an experiment to study the level of water pollution in three stations A, B and C, along the
river.

Plan an investigation which you could personally carry out in the laboratory to determine the
level of pollution in stations A, B and C.
The planning of the experiment should include the following aspects:

Statement of identified problem

Variables
Statement of hypothesis
List of apparatus and materials
Procedure
Presentation of data

17 marks.

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Good luck

Self Check Biology Subtopics

Subtopics
Structure on plasma membrane

yes

Subtopics
Adaptation of the leaf for optimal
photosynthesis

Movement of substances across

plasma membrane

Light and dark reaction in

photosynthesis

Design experiment on effects of

hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic
solution on animal and plant cells

Design experiment to study the

effects of light intensity/other - on
the rate of photosynthesis

characteristics of the enzymes

Technological development of
food processing

Site of the enzymes synthesis

the mechanical of enzymes action
(lock and key)

Design experiment to
investigate//discuss anaerobic
respiration in yeast/muscle

Design experiment to study the

effect of pH and temperature on
activities of amylase and pepsin

Characteristics of the respiratory

surfaces

Identify different stages of mitosis,

movement of chromosomes
during mitosis and meiosis

Use schematic diagram to

explain the exchange and
transport of respiratory gases in
human

study tissue culture technique

Design experiment to investigate

the differences between inhale
and exhale air

Design exp - the energy value in

food sample

Rate of respiration and rate of

heart beat in different situation

Determine the nutrient content in

different food sample

An experiment to show the

effects of cigarette smoke

yes

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Design exp - Vitamin C content in

various fruit juice

The interactions between biotic

components food web/
symbiosis/ predator-prey

Draw and label parts of the human

digestive system.

Estimate the population size of

animals such as garden snails

Partof digestive system and

digestion of cellulose in ruminants
and rodents.

Nitrogen cycle , Microorganism

Discuss the absorption process in

the villus.

The green house /effect thinning

of the ozone
layer/deforestation/global
warming

Process of assimilation

Design exp - BOD

Subtopics
Function of blood and haemolymph in
transport

Yes

Subtopics
Problems faced by: aquatic plants,
terrestrial plants.

Basic structure and function of the human

heart.

How support in terrestrial plants are

achieved through tissue modifications

Schematic diagrams circulatory system:

humans, fish and amphibians

Internal and external stimuli

A schematic diagram to illustrate the

mechanism of blood clotting

Draw, label, function a cross section of

the brain , spinal cord.

Schematic diagram on the formation of

interstitial fluid and lymph

Neurone types of, draw, function, label

Synapse

Defense mechanism in humans.

Voluntary + reflex pathway of nerves

transmission

The effects of HIV on the bodys immune

system

Coordination- nervous system,

endocrine system, fight or flight
situation
Concept of homeostasis :temperature
,blood pressure,partial pressure of
oxygen , carbon dioxide, osmotic
pressure, sugar level,

Transpiration & importance of

transpiration

The pathway of water from soil to leaves

using a schematic diagram

Formation of urine and excretion

Design exp - The external conditions

affecting the rate of transpiration

Design an experiment to study the effect

of different quantities of water intake on
urine output

Name and label the bones - axial

skeleton and appendicular skeleton

Effects of drug and alcohol abuse on

humans, explain the factors that can
lead to drug and alcohol abuse,

Yes

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How the bones, skeletal muscles,

tendons and joints bring about movement
in the arm or leg,

Role of auxins in tropism

Use of hormones in of hormones in
agriculture.

The antagonistic action of skeletal

muscles

Formation of sperm + ovum in humans

The function of cartilage and synovial

fluid at joints

Explain the role of hormones in

regulating the menstrual cycle

Mechanism of locomotion in an
earthworm, grasshopper, fish or bird.

Fertilisation, early development of a

zygote/placenta/formation of twins

Cause and effect of muscle cramp,

osteoporosis, muscular dystrophy, and
arthritis.

Family planning,Sperm bank,

Artificial insemination,in vitro
fertilisation,Surrogate mother
Sexually transmitted diseases

Ways to care for the musculoskeletal

system

The formation of pollen grains + embryo

sac in the ovule
Double fertilisation in flowering plant

Subtopics

Yes

Subtopics

Study and interpret the data /curve

:
Humans
Insect

sex-linked inheritance colour

blindness

Primary and secondary growth in

plant

thalassaemia

Mendels monohybrid cross

experiment

DNA fingerprinting,

Mendels dihybrid cross

experiment

Human genome project,

Potential of stem cell research

Meaning of :
Genes and alleles,
Dominant and recessive
Phenotype + genotype

Genetic engineering:
I. Gene therapy,
Ii. Genetically modified
organisms,
Iii. Genetically modified
food,
Iv. Medicine (production of
insulin

The blood groups ABO system

Compare continuous variation

with discontinuous variation

Rhesus factor

State the factors causing

variation
Genetic

Yes

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Environmental factors
Interaction between
genetic + environmental
Sex determination

Importance of variation in the

survival of a species.

Sex-linked inheritance of
haemophilia

Adab Belajar:

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

1. Ikhlas niat Aku menuntut ilmu kerana Allah untuk berjaya - berbakti pada ibu bapa
dan masyarakat.
2. Tekun dan tawakkal berusaha bersungguh-sungguh, tidak malas dan tidak putus
asa dan berserah pada Allah
3. Menjauhi maksiat semasa belajar jaga mata jgn melihat benda-benda yang
diharamkan Allah, jaga tangan jangan mengambil hak orang, jaga mulut jangan
mengata orang.
Berkawan dengan org yang baik jgn berkawan dengan orang yang jahat.
Banyak mengingati Allah selalu berdoa
Menjaga Kehormatan menjaga maruah diri.
Doa dan keredhaan ibubapa
Menghormati guru
Menulis setiap yang dipelajari jangan malas menulis
Jaga solat Wajib solat Fardhu 5 kali sehari semalam