NORMATIVE DATA

ROC curves showing MoCA superiority to MMSE in distinguishing Normal

Controls from MCI.
The areas under ROC curves were compared with the method of Delong,Delong and
Clarke-Pearson (1988) for correlated curves. The difference was statistically significant
x2(1,N=182)=11,66, p<0.001.
Area Under the Curve
Test Result Variable(s) : MoCA
Lower BoundUpper BoundLower Bound
Area
Std. Error (a)

Asymptotic Sig. (b)

Asymptotic 95% Interval

.921

.020

.000

Upper Bound

Lower Bound

.882

.960

The test result variable(s): MOCA new has at least one tie between the positive actual state group
and the negative actual state group. Statistics may be biased.

(a) Under the nonparametric assumption.

(b) Null hypothesis: true area = 0.5

Area Under the Curve

Test Result Variable(s) : MMSE
Lower BoundUpper BoundLower Bound
Asymptotic 95% Interval
Area

.814

Std. Error (a)

Asymptotic Sig. (b)

.032

.000

Upper Bound

Lower Bound

.751

.876

The test result variable(s): MMSE_num has at least one tie between the positive actual state group
and the negative actual state group. Statistics may be biased.

(a) Under the nonparametric assumption.

(b) Null hypothesis: true area = 0.5

Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bdirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I,

Cummings JL, Chertkow H.
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA):
A Brief Screening Tool For Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc 53:695699,
2005.

References: Alzheimer / MCI

Catherine C. Price et al. Clock Drawing in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment:

Recommendations for Dementia
Assessment. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 2011;31:179-187.

H. Chertkow, N. Phillips, Z. Nasreddine, V. Whitehead. Severity of mild

cognitive impairment does not predict
progression. Presented at the ADI Toronto, March 29, 2011.

Anne M. Damian et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the MiniMental State Examination as Screening Instruments for Cognitive Impairment:

Item Analyses and Threshold Scores. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive

Disorders, 2011;31:126-131.

Thissen AJ et al. Applicability and validity of the Dutch version of the Montreal
Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-d) in diagnosing MCI.Gerontol Geriatr 2010
Dec;41(6):231-40.

Cuttini C. et al. Initiation in Dementia: Are we detecting it? Department of

Medicine, division of Geriatrics, Queen's University,Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract presented at the Canadian Conference on Dementia, Toronto, Oct. 1-3,
2010.

Michael Lerch et al. Could the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) be the
new "gold standard" in cognitive evaluation in geriatric patients: a clinical
comparison. The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, Vol. 6, Issue 4,
Supplement page S494, July 2010.

Kaynak Selekler et al. Power of discrimination of Montreal Cognitive

Assessment (MoCA) Scale in Turkish Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
and Alzheimer's Disease. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 2010;13(3) 166-171.

Fujiwara Y. et al. Brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment in older
Japanese: Validation of the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive
Assessment. Geriatr Gerontol. Int. 2010;10:225-232.

Guo Qi-Hao et al. Application study of quick cognitive screening test in

identifying mild cognitive impairment. Neuroscience Bulletin, February 2010,
26(1):47:54.

Walter Wittich, Natalie Phillips, Ziad Nasreddine, Howard Chertkow. Sensitivity

and specificity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment modified for individuals
who are visually impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, June
2010, 104(6), 360-368.

Luis CA et al. Cross validation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in

community dwelling older adults residing in the Southeastern US. International
Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Online issue, October 21st, 2008, published
2009;24: 197-201.

Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung et al. A Pilot Study on Computerized Cognitive Training

in Mild Cognitive Impairment. 5th Canadian Conference on Dementia in
Toronto, Oct. 1-3, 2009. The Canadian Journal of Geriatrics, Volume 12, Issue 3,
Sept. 2009, page 124.

A. Garcia et al. Apathy in Dementia: Are we detecting it? 5th Canadian

Conference on Dementia in Toronto,
Oct. 1-3, 2009. The Canadian Journal of Geriatrics, Volume 12, Issue 3, Sept.
2009, page 121.

Lisa Sweet, phd et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in Geriatric
Rehabilitation: Psychometric Properties and Association with Rehabilitation
Outcomes. 5th Canadian Conference on Dementia in Toronto, Oct. 1-3, 2009.
The Canadian Journal of Geriatrics, Volume 12, Issue 3, Sept. 2009, page 113.

Benjamin Lam et al. Validation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment against

Detailed Neuropsychological Measures. 5th Canadian Conference on Dementia
in Toronto, Oct. 1-3, 2009. The Canadian Journal of Geriatrics, Volume 12, Issue
3, Sept. 2009, page 138.

Hemrungrojn S et al. The cognitive domains from Thai-Montreal cognitive

assessment test to discriminate between amnestic MCI and mild AD from
normal aging. Presented at the International Psychogeriatric Association
Conference, Sept. 2009, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Koski L. et al. Measuring Cognition in a Geriatric Outpatient Clinic: Rasch

Analysis of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
and Neurology, Volume 22, Number 3, Sept. 2009, page 151-160.

Rahman, Tomader Taha Abdel; El Gaafary, Maha Mohamed. Montreal Cognitive

Assessment Arabic version: Reliability and validity prevalence of mild cognitive
impairment among elderly attending geriatric clubs in Cairo. Geriatrics and
Gerontology International, Volume 9, Number 1, March 2009, pp. 54-61 (8).

JL Richard et al. Use of the MoCA in Patients Presenting to a Memory Disorders

Clinic. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2009; 17:A112.

Jun-Young Lee et al. Brief Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly
Outpatient Clinic: Validation of the Korean Version of the Montreal Cognitive
Assessment. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, June 2008, 21;2:104-110.

Nestor SM et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: a retrospective pilot study

measuring longitudinal cognitive change in people with mild cognitive
impairment. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Geriatrics Society,
Montreal, Canada. Canadian J of Geriatrics, Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2008,
p63.

Smith M et al. Case finding of people with cognitive impairment using screening
clinics during Alzheimer awareness month. Presented at the Annual Meeting of
the Canadian Geriatrics Society, Montreal, Canada. Canadian J of Geriatrics,
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2008, p37.

Tobinick et al. Rapid cognitive improvement in Alzheimer's disease following

perispinal etanercept administration. Journal of Neuroinflammation, January
2008, 5:2 (e-publication).

Rolf Sebaldt et al. Detection of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Using the
Animal Fluency Test: The Decide Study, The Canadian Journal of Neurological
Sciences, Volume 36, Issue 5, Sept. 2009, page 599.

Song S et al. Executive impairment and MoCA performance in mild cognitive

impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Presented at the International
Neuropsychological Society Annual Meeting. Buenos Aires, Argentina. July 2-5,
2008, p. 258.

Wen HB et al. The application of Montreal cognitive assessment in urban

Chinese residents of Beijing. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Jan;47(1):36-9.
Chinese.

Shiroky et al. Can you have dementia with an MMSE score of 30. Am J of
Alzheimers Dis Other Demen Oct-Nov 2007;22:5;406-415.

Smith T et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: validity and utility in a

memory clinic setting. Can J Psychiatry, 2007 May; 52(5):329-32.

J. Reban. Montrealsky kognitivni test/MoCA/: prinos k diagnostice predemenci,

Ceska Geriatricka, Revue 2006 (4):224-229.

Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bdirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I,

Cummings JL, Chertkow H.
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A Brief Screening Tool For Mild
Cognitive Impairment.
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 53:695-699, 2005.

Nasreddine ZS et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): a Brief

Cognitive Screening Tool for
Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neurology, Volume 62, Number 7 S(5)
April 2004, A132. Presented at the American Academy of Neurology Meeting,
San Francisco, May 2004.

Nasreddine ZS et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): a Brief

Cognitive Screening Tool for Detection of Mild Cognitive Iimpairment.
Presented at the 8th International Montreal/Springfield Symposium on Advances
in Alzheimer Therapy. http://www.siumed.edu/cme/AlzBrochure04.pdf, p.90,
April 14-17, 2004.

Nasreddine ZS et al. Sensitivity and Specificity of The Montreal Cognitive

Assessment (MoCA) for Detection of Mild Cognitive Deficits. Can J Neurol
Sci., Volume 30, Number 2, Supplement 2/May 2003, p.30. Presented at
Canadian Congress of Neurological Sciences Meeting, Quebec City, Quebec,
June 2003.

HIV

Chartier, M. et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A pilot study of

a brief screening tool for mild and moderate cognitive impairment in HIVpositive Veterans. Poster presentation at the American Conference for the
Treatment of HIV. (2011, April).

Meera Oza. Brain injury and lower cognitive function are common in people
with HIV (CROI 2011). The AIDS Beacon.

Koski L. et al. Computerized testing augments pencil-and-paper tasks in

measuring HIV-associated mild cognitive impairment. HIV Med. 2011 Mar 13.
doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2010.00910.x. (Epub ahead of print).
Huntington

Videnovic A. et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a screening tool for

cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease. Movement Disorders, 2010:
25(3):401-4.

Mickes Laura et al. A Comparison of Two Brief Screening Measures of

Cognitive Impairment in Huntington's Disease. Movement Disorders, Volume
25, Issue 13, pages 2229-2233, Oct. 2010.

Lessig S. et al. Usefulness of Two Brief Cognitive Screening Measures in

Huntington's Disease. Poster. Neurotherapeutics, Volume 7, Number 1, 2010,
page 139.

Huntington

Videnovic A. et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a screening tool for

cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease. Movement Disorders, 2010:
25(3):401-4.

Mickes Laura et al. A Comparison of Two Brief Screening Measures of

Cognitive Impairment in Huntington's Disease. Movement Disorders, Volume
25, Issue 13, pages 2229-2233, Oct. 2010.

Lessig S. et al. Usefulness of Two Brief Cognitive Screening Measures in

Huntington's Disease. Poster. Neurotherapeutics, Volume 7, Number 1, 2010,
page 139.

Multiple Sclerosis

Lauren Krupp et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a Screening

Tool for Cognitive Functioning in Multiple Sclrosis (MS). Neurology, Volume
76, Number 9, March 1, 2011. Abstract P06.082.

K. Waspe et al. Evaluation of Modified Montreal Cognitive assessment in

multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Multiple Sclerosis, 2008;14(supp 1) p. S29.
Presented at ECTRIMS meeting, Montreal, Sept. 2008.

Parkinson

Roser Ribosa et al. Comparative Accuracy of the PD-CRS, Mattis DRS, MoCA
and SCOPA-COG for Screening Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's
Disease. Neurology, Volume 76, Number 9, March 1, 2011. Abstract P06.088.

Melissa J. et al. Validating the Montreal Cognitive Assessment for the Diagnosis
of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease. Neurology, Volume 76,
Number 9, March 1, 2011. Abstract P07.084.

J.C. Dalrymple-Alford et al. The MoCA: Well-suited screen for cognitive

impairment in Parkinson disease. Neurology 2010;75;1717.

Hanna-Pladdy B. et al. Utility of the NeuroTrax computerized Battery for

Cognitive Screening in Parkinson's Disease: Comparison with the MMSE and
the MoCA. International Journal of Neuroscience, August 2010;120(8):538-43.

Meike Kasten et al. Validity of the MoCA and MMSE in the detection of MCI
and Dementia in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2010 75;479-479.

Sarah H. et al. Pilot study of a three-step diagnostic pathway for young and old
patients with Parkinson's disease dementia: screen, test and then diagnose.
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2010;25:258-265.

Luo Xia-Guang et al. Cognitive Deterioration Rates in Patients with Parkinson's

Disease from Northeastern China. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
2010;30:64-70.

Melzer T R et al. Cognition and the limbic system in early Parkinson's disease: A
DTI investigation. Abstract, NeuroImage 2009, 47 (Suppl. 1): S115.

Hoops S et al. Validity of the MoCA and MMSE in the detection of MCI and
dementia in Parkinson disease. Neurology 2009, November 24; 73(21):17381745.

Sarra et al. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Performance in Patients with

Parkinson's Disease with "Normal" Global Cognition According to Mini-Mental
State Examination Score. J Am Geriatr Soc, Volume 57, Number 2, February
2009, pp. 304-308(5).

Gill DJ et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a screening tool for

cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disorders, Volume 23,
Number 7, 2008, pp. 1043-1046.

Lessig S et al. Examination of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and

MMSE in Parkinson's disease (PD). Abstract T-82. Presented at American
Neurological Association Meeting, Salt Lake City, Utah, Sept. 24th, 2008.

Zadikoff C et al. A comparison of the Mini-Mental state exam to the Montreal

Cognitive Assessment in identifying cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease.
Mov Disorders, 2008 January 30;23(2):297-9.

REM

Gagnon JF. et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: A Screening Tool for
Mild Cognitive Impairment in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. Movement
Disorders 2010, May 15;25(7):936-40.

Stroke rehabilitation

Aggarwal A, Kean E. Comparison of the Folstein Mini Mental State

Examination (MMSE) to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a
Cognitive Screening Tool in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting. Neuroscience &
Medicine, 2010, 1, 39-42.

Substance disorders

Copersino ML et al. Rapid cognitive screening of patients with substance abuse

disorders. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 17(5):337-344, 2009.

Tumors

Olson R et al. Prospective comparison of the prognostic utility of the Mini

Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in patients
with brain metastases. Support Care Cancer, published online October 19th,
2010.

Olson R et al. Investigation of cognitive screening measures in patients with

brain tumors: diagnostic accuracy & correlation with quality of life. 2009
American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting. Orlando, Florida. May
29-June 2, 2009. Abstract ID:e13000.

Olson R et al. Comparison of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and

the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (M0CA) to a Comprehensive
Neuropsychological Assessment in Patients with Brain Tumors. 11 th World
Congress of Psycho-Oncology. Vienna, Austria. June 21-25, 2009. Abstract
P3.7.17.

Olson R et al. Comparison of Two Cognitive Screening Measures, the MiniMental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
(MoCA), in Patients with Brain Tumors. Canadian Association of Psychosocial
Oncology, 2009 Conference. Vancouver, British Columbia. April 1-4, 2009.
Abstract ID:P245.

Olson RA et al. Feasibility study of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

in patients with brain metastases. Supportive Care in Cancer. March 12, 2008,
16:1273-1278.

Vascular

Olivier Godefroy et al. Is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Superior to the

Mini-Mental State Examination to detect Poststroke Cognitive Impairment?: A

Study with neuropsychological evaluation. Stroke 2011;42:00-00. Published

online Apr 7, 2011.

Martinic Popovic, A. Lovrencic-Huzjan, A. M. Simundic, V. Demarin. Mild

cognitive impairment in patients with carotid disease. Presented at the ADI
Toronto, March 29, 2011.

Harkness K et al. Screening for Cognitive Deficits Using the Montreal Cognitive
Assessment Tool in Outpatients 65 Years of Age With Heart Failure. Am J.
Cardiol. 2011, Feb 9. Abstract.

S. N. McLennan et al. Validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

as a Screening Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in a Cardiovascular
Population. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology. Online publication
December 14, 2010.

Ira H. Bernstein et al. Psychometric Evaluation of the Montreal Cognitive

Assessment (MoCA) in Three
Diverse Samples. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 2010, 1-8, iFirst.

Cameron J. et al. Does cognitive impairment predict poor self-care in patients

with heart failure?
European Journal of Health failure 2010, 12, 508-515.

Pendlebury S.T. et al. Underestimation of Cognitive Impairment by Mini-Mental

State Examination Versus
the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack
and Stroke. A Population-Based Study. Stroke Journal of the American Heart
Association, 41(6):1290-1293, June 2010.

Dong Y et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is superior to the

Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of vascular cognitive
impairment after acute stroke. J Neurol Sci (2010),
doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.051.

Pendlebury S et al. Impairment on Montreal Cognitive Assessment in transient

ischaemic attack and stroke patients with normal Mini-Mental State
Examination score is clinically relevant. Journal Neurol Neurosurg. Psychiatry
2010 81:e68 Abstract.

McLennan SN et al. Cognitive Impairment Predicts Functional Capacity in

Dementia-Free Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2010
September/October;25(5):390-397 Abstract.

Wong A. et al. The Validity, Reliability and Clinical Utility of the Hong Kong
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (HK-MoCA) in Patients with Cerebral Small
Vessel Disease, Dement Geriatr Cognitive Disorders, August 2009;28:81-87.

Rolf Sebaldt et al. Detection of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Using the
Animal Fluency Test: The Decide Study, The Canadian Journal of Neurological
Sciences, Volume 36, Issue 5, Sept. 2009, page 599.

Wong A et al. The Validity, Reliability and Utility of the Cantonese Montreal
Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in Chinese Patients with Confluent White Matter
Lesions. Hong Kong Med J, Volume 14, Number 6, Supplement 6, December
2008.

Boulanger JM et al. A prospective cognitive evaluation in post stroke/TIA

patients using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test (MoCA). Presented at
Nice, France. European Stroke Conference, May 2008.

Ponrathi Athilingam. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): An

appropriate tool to assess subtle cognitive changes in people with heart failure?
Section: "Innovations in Nursing Practice with Older Adults". Presented at the
ENRS 20th scientific conference. Philadelphia, March 27th, 2008.

Martinic Popovic I. et al. Mild cognitive impairment in symptomatic and

asymptomatic cerebrovascular disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences,
Volume 257, Issues 1-2, 15 June 2007, pages 185-193.

J Malcolm O Arnold et al. Canadian Cardiovascular Society Consensus

Conference recommendations on heart failure update 2007: Prevention,
management during intercurrent illness or actue decompensation, and use of
biomarkers. Can J Cardiol, Volume 23, Number 1, January 2007.

Martinic-Popovic I. et al. Early detection of mild cognitive impairment in

patients with cerebrovascular disease. Acta Clin Croat 2006; 45:77-85.

Hachinski et al. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeCanadian Stroke Network vascular cognitive impairment harmonization
standards. Stroke. 2006, Sept.:37(9):2220-41.

Visual Impairment

Walter Wittich, Natalie Phillips, Ziad Nasreddine, Howard Chertkow. Sensitivity

and specificity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment modified for individuals
who are visually impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, June
2010, 104(6), 360-368.

Other

Irak-Dersu I et al. Effect of dilating drops on cognitive function. Presented at

35th annual North American Neuro-ophthalmology meeting, February 24, 2009,
Lake Tahoe, Nevada.

Irak-Dersu I et al. The Effect of Mydriatic Eye Drops on Cognitive Function in

Claucoma Patients. Presented at 19th annual American Glaucoma Society
meeting, March 6, 2009, San Diego, CA.

NORMATIVE DATA Low education:

Johns, EK et al. The effect of education on performance on the Montreal

Cognitive Assessment (MoCA):
Normative data from the community. The Canadian Journal of Geriatrics, 11, 3273. (Poster presented at the 28th annual meeting of the Canadian Geriatrics
Society, Montreal, Quebec, April 2008.

Johns, EK et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Normative data in the

community. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 14
(Suppl.1), i-292. (Poster presented at the 36th annual meeting of the
International Neuropsychological Society, Waikoloa, Hawaii, February 2008).

Young adults:

Ratchford TL et al. Normative Data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment

(MoCA) in Young Adults. P05.128. Presented at the American Academy of
Neurology Meeting. April 2008. Neurology 70, March 11, 2008 (Suppl 1) A283.

REVIEWS

Zahinoor Ismail et al. Brief cognitive screening instruments: an update. Int J

Geriatr Psychiatry 2010;25: 111-120.

Bredje A. Appels, MSc and Erick Scherder, Phd. the Diagnostic Accuracy of
Dementia-Screening Instruments With an Administration Time of 10 to 45
Minutes for Use in Secondary Care: A Systematic Review. American Journal of
Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias 2010, 25(4) 301-316.

Manuel Montero-Odasso, Susan W. Muir. Simplifying detection of mild

cognitive impairment subtypes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, May
2010-Vol.58, no. 5.

Guo Qi-Hao et al. Application study of quick cognitive screening test in

identifying mild cognitive impairment. Neuroscience Bulletin, February 2010,
26(1):47:54.

Lonie Jane A. et al. Screening for mild cognitive impairment: a systematic

review. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2009; 24: 902-915.

Shiroky et al. Can you have dementia with an MMSE score of 30. Am J of
Alzheimers Dis & Other Demen, Oct.-Nov. 2007;22:5; 406-415.

Chertkow H, Nasreddine Z, et al. Mild cognitive impairment and cognitive

impairment, no dementia: Part A, concept and diagnosis Alzheimer's &

Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association October 2007 (Vol. 3,

Issue 4, pages 266-282).

Howe E. Initial screening of patients for Alzheimer's disease and minimal

cognitive impairment. Psychiatry, Volume 4 (7), July 2007, 24-27.

Gauthier et al. Mild cognitive impairment. Lancet. 2006 April

15;367(9518):1262-70, Review.

Hachinski et al. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeCanadian Stroke Network vascular cognitive impairment harmonization
standards. Stroke 2006, Sept.;37(9):2220-41.

Allan L et al. Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Opportunity to Identify Patients at

High Risk for Progression to Alzheimer's Disease. Clin Ther 2006;28:991-1001.

Olson R., Parkinson M., McKenzie M. Selection Bias Introduced by

Neuropsychological Assessments. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences,
2010;37:264-268.

LANGUAGE VALIDATION Arabic:

Rahman et al. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Arabic version: Reliability and

validity prevalence of mild cognitive impairment among elderly attending
geriatric clubs in Cairo. Geriatrics and Gerontology International, Vol. 9, number
1, March 2009, pp. 54-61 (8).

Chinese (Beijing):

Wen HB et al. The application of Montreal cognitive assessment in urban

Chinese residents of Beijing. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2008. Jan;47(1):36-9.
Chinese.

Chinese (Hong Kong):

Adrian Wong et al. The Validity, Reliability and Clinical Utility of the Hong
Kong Montreal Cognitive Assessment (HK-MoCA) in patients with cerebral
small vessel disease, Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, Aug. 2009;28-81-87.

Wong A et al. The Validity, Reliability and Utility of the Cantonese Montreal
Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in Chinese Patients with Confluent White Matter
Lesions. Hong Kong Med J, Volume 14, Number 6, Supplement 6, December
2008.

Czech:

J.Reban. Montrealsky kognitivni test/MoCA/: prinos k diagnostice predemenci,

Ceska Geriatricka Revue 2006 (4): 224-229.

Croatian:

Martinic-Popovic I. et al. Early detection of mild cognitive impairment in

patients with cerebrovascular disease.
Acta Clin Croat 2006;45-77-85.

Dutch:

Thissen AJ et al. Applicability and validity of the Dutch version of the Montreal
Cognitive Assessment
(MoCA-d) in diagnosing MCI. Gerontol Geriatr. 2010 Dec;41(6):231-40.

Janneke Thissen et al. Validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Dutch

Version (MoCA-D), presented at the international Psychogeriatric Association
Conference, Sept. 2009, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

French:

Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bdirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I,

Cummings JL, Chertkow H. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A
brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr. Soc. 53:695699, 2005.

English:

Luis CA et al. Cross validation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in

community dwelling older adults
residing in the Southeastern US. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,
Online issue, October 21st, 2008, published 2009;24: 197-201.

Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bdirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I,

Cummings JL, Chertkow H. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A
brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr. Soc. 53:695699, 2005.

Japanese:

Fujiwara Y. et al. Brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment in older
Japanese: Validation of the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive
Assessment. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2010;10:225-232.

Korean:

Polish:

Jun-Young Lee et al. Brief Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly
Outpatient Clinic: Validation of the Korean Version of Montreal Cognitive
Assessment 2008; J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, June 2008, 21;2:104-110.

Joanna Magierska, Radoslaw Magierski, Tomasz Sobow, Iwona Kloszewska.

The Polish adaptation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and
preliminary results of its clinical utility in the screening for cognitive
impairment. Presented at ICAD Conference Poster 2008, Chicago.

Portuguese (Brazil):

Bertolucci PH et al. Brazilian Portuguese version for the Montreal Cognitive

Assessment (MoCA) and the preliminary results. Presented at Alzheimer's
Association International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease. Alzheimer's and
Dementia, Volume 4, Issue 4, Supplement 1, July 2008, Page T686.

Bertolucci PH et al. Brazilian Portuguese version for the Montreal Cognitive

Assessment (MoCA) and
the preliminary results. Presented at Alzheimer's Association International
Conference on Alzheimer's
Disease. Alzheimer's and Dementia, Vol. 4, Issue 4 Supplement 1, July 2008,
page T686.

Thai:

Tangwongchai S et al. The Validity of Thai version of the Montreal Cognitive

Assessment (MoCA-T), Presented at the International Psychogeriatric
Association Conference, Sept. 2009, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Turkish:

Selekler K. & Cangoz B. (October 2009). Predictive Validity Study of MoCA on

Turkish Patients with MCI and Alzheimer Dementia. (Poster). 19th World
Congress of Neurology (WCN 2009), Bangkok, Thailand.

Kaynak Selekler et al. Power of discrimination of Montreal Cognitive

Assessment (MoCA) Scale in Turkish Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
and Alzheimer's Disease. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 2010;13(3) 166-171.

MoCA News:
MoCA Creator and Copyright Owner:
Dr Ziad S. Nasreddine MD FRCP (C)
McGill University, and Sherbrooke University Canada
MoCA Development Team Collaborators:
Dr Howard Chertkow MD FRCP (C)
McGill University Canada
Dr Natalie Phillips PhD
Concordia University Canada
Collaborators who provide valuable input and advice:
Dr Valrie Bdirian PhD
University of Montreal Canada
Dr Jeffrey L. Cummings MD
Cleveland Clinic, Las Vegas USA
Dr Glen R. Finney MD
University of Florida USA
Dr Serge Gauthier MD FRCP (C)
McGill University Canada
MoCA ACE Study:
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Normative Data for Age, Culture and
Education.
Variables:
This study aims to provide freely accessible normative data for the MoCA across
ages, education
levels, in 10 languages and cultures.
Well-validated, reliable, freely accessible normative data for the MoCA will be
an invaluable aid
to help clinicians around the world detect and diagnose early and efficiently
various causes of
cognitive impairment across various ages and education levels. The normative data
will also help
researchers assess various cognitive therapies and outcome predictors, and will
allow international
collaboration when using a common well-validated and normed cognitive
screening tool. Through
this study, official, comparable, well-normed versions of the MoCA will be made
available in 10
languages/dialects.
This study is in the planning stage. Interested investigators are invited to contact Dr
Ziad Nasreddine
for more information at info@mocatest.org

ADNI 2 to include testing with the MoCA:

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is currently into its
extension (ADNI-Go) and
will be starting its second phase (ADNI 2) next year. The MoCA will be
administered as part of
ADNI 2, with data gathered on a large set of early and late MCI individuals, normals,
and AD
research subjects. This will provide a large dataset for future research.
MoCA Alternate Versions:
To decrease possible learning effects when the MoCA is administered repetitively,
four alternative
MoCA forms are in development. Two versions in English (validation study
completed) will be
shortly posted on the MoCA website, and two French alternate versions are
undergoing validation.
Phillips N. et al. Validation of alternate forms for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
(MoCA) will
be presented at the 39th International Neuropsychological Society Meeting in Boston
February 2-5,
2011.
MoCA in Low Education:
To better adjust the MoCA for lower educated subjects, 2 points should be added to
the total
MoCA score for subjects with 4-9 years of education, 1 point for 10-12 years of
education.
Johns E.K. et al. Level of education and performance on the Montreal Cognitive
Assessment
(MoCA): New recommendations for education corrections. Presented at the
Cognitive Aging
Conference 2010, Atlanta, Georgia, April 15-18th, 2010.
Johns E.K. et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): Normative Data in
the Community.
The Canadian Journal of Geriatrics 2008, 11 (1), 62. Abstract.
MoCA for the Blind:
A version of the MoCA without the visual elements has been validated for the
blind.
Wittich W et al. Sensitivity and specificity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
modified for
individuals who are visually impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness,
104(6), 360-368,
June 2010.
MoCA is recommended by NIH and Canadian Stroke Consortium for Cognitive
Assessment after
Stroke.

Because it contains subtests with executive function as well as memory, the MoCA is
ideal for
assessing Vascular Dementia and Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) which may
have significant frontal
lobe pathology. A workshop group of NIH and Canadian Stroke Consortium has
suggested a brief
method of assessment of cognition in VCI/Vascular Dementia, which largely relies on
components of the
MoCA.
Hachinski et al. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Canadian
Stroke Network
vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards. Stroke 2006, Sep;37(9):222041.
PERMISSION TO USE THE MoCA CLINICAL USE

Universities/Foundations/Health Professionals/Hospitals/Clinics/Public Health

Institutes:
MoCA may be used, reproduced, and distributed WITHOUT permission.
The test should be made available free of charge to patients.
Written permission and Licensing Agreement is required if funded by commercial
entity or pharma.

Commercial Entity/Pharma:
MoCA may be used, reproduced, and distributed, WITH prior written permission
and Licensing Agreement.
The test should be made available free of charge to patients.

EDUCATIONAL USE

Universities/Foundations/Health Professionals/Hospitals/Clinics/Public Health

Institutes:
MoCA may be used, reproduced, and distributed WITHOUT permission.
The test should be made available free of charge to patients.
Written permission and Licensing Agreement is required if funded by commercial
entity or pharma.

Commercial Entity/Pharma:
MoCA may be used, reproduced, and distributed, WITH prior written permission
and Licensing Agreement.

The test should be made available free of charge to patients.

RESEARCH USE

Universities/Foundations/Health Professionals/Hospitals/Clinics/Public Health

Institutes:
MoCA may be used, reproduced, and distributed, WITH prior written permission.
The test should be made available free of charge to patients.
Written permission and Licensing Agreement is required if funded by commercial
entity or pharma.

Commercial Entity/Pharma sponsored research:

MoCA may be used, reproduced, and distributed, WITH prior written permission
and Licensing Agreement.
The test should be made available free of charge to patients.

For more information, please contact:

Dr Ziad Nasreddine MD
info@mocatest.org