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Data collection from multiple sources (sales data, inventory data, supplier data, market
research data. etc.)
Data formatting and collation
A suitable database location and format built for decision support -based reporting and
analysis
Robust tools and applications to report, monitor, and analyze the data
Decision support systems have become critical and ubiquitous across all types of business. In
todays global marketplace, it is imperative that companies respond quickly to market changes.
Companies with comprehensive decision support systems have a significant competitive
advantage.
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10.2 What are the levels of Management Decision Making? Explain with figure.
The levels of management decision making that must be supported by information technology
in a successful organization (independently of its size, shape, and participants), are often shown
as a managerial pyramid.
Strategic management: As part of strategic planning process top executives
Tactical management: Business unit managers and business professionals in self-directed teams
develop short- and medium-range plans, schedules, budgets and specify policies, procedures,
and business objectives for their sub-units of the company, and
allocate resources and monitor the performance of their organizational sub-units, including
departments, divisions, process teams, project teams, and other workgroups.
Basically, MIS discuses how a person will complete the business activities effectively by using
Computer, Internet, E-commerce, and Mobile technology in the business world. Moreover MIS
helps the executives, CEO, and Chairman of companies to know the detailed information so
easily about their business organization. These systems will be user friendly, easy access to
analysis of business performance, actions of competitors and economic development to support
strategic planning.
In management hierarchy, MIS department belongs to Midlevel (Tactical Management);
Chairperson, MD, and Board of Directors (BOD) in the Upper level (Strategic Management) and
Sales persons, Data entry operators, Medical Promotion Officers (MPO) and so on are in the
Lower level (Operational Management). The MIS Manager at an organization is responsible for
Information Systems and must focus on the software development, uses, and problem solving
relating to these databases and networks. This occupation is a part of the MIS department that a
company will use to ensure the security and efficiency of its data storage and retrieval. While the
focus of this job is report generation for top level management, the manager might be required to
perform specialized duties depending upon company size and industry requirements.
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Fig 10.2
Decision makers need information products whose characteristics, attributes or quality are
having the three dimensions of time dimension, content dimension, and form dimension.
10.3 What is Decision Support Systems (DSS)? Write different types of DSS
tools with figure and example.
Decision Support Systems (DSS) is a Computer based interactive information systems. DSS are
a specific class of computer-based information systems that support your decision-making
activities. Decision Support Systems analyzes business data and provide interactive information
support to managers and business professionals during the decision-making process, from
problem recognition to implementing your decision. Decision Support Systems use (1)
Analytical models, (2) specialized databases, (3) a decision makers own insights and judgments,
and (4) an interactive, computer-based modeling process to support semi-structured business
decisions.
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A key component to any DSS is Business Intelligence reporting tools, processes, and
methodologies. These provide you with rich reporting, monitoring, and data analysis, which are
necessary for effective and fast decision-making.
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According to O'Brien and Marakas, optimization analysis is a more complex extension of goalseeking analysis. Instead of setting a specific target value for a variable, the goal is to find the
optimum value for one or more target variables, given certain constraints. Then one or more other
variables are changed repeatedly, subject to the specified constraints, until you discover the best
values for the target variables.
Optimization analysis
Optimization analysis automates the search for the optimum design. SimulationXpress allows you to vary
one design variable to find the optimal solution for one criterion. SolidWorks Simulation has additional
optimization capabilities.
The Manual Process
In searching for the optimum design, you will need to manually try different geometry configurations,
dimensions, materials, loads, and fixtures. Each time you make a change, you must rerun the analysis
and examine the results.
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