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Problem Statement
You walk into a lab station and you
notice the group before yours has
performed a lab. They left behind
their data from one trial (shown to
the right). Their task was to prove
that the change in momentum in an
object is equal to the impulse for
different initial velocity values.
Design and conduct an experiment
to:
Recreate their lab with similar
but not necessarily exact values
using three different initial
velocity values.
Time (s)
0N
0.60 s
0.66 s
Force (N)
25 N
0.75 m/s
Velocity (m/s)
Time (s)
0.60 s
0.66 s
0.75 m/s
Time Requirement
Preparation time
10 minutes
10 minutes
Lab activity
45 minutes
Dynamics track
Motion sensor
Dynamics cart
(1)
Where p is the change in momentum, m is the mass, vf is the final velocity, and vi is the initial
velocity.
Impulse is equal to the area under a graph of force versus time showing the force associated with
the collision. Impulse I is also related to p through the impulse-momentum equation:
I = p = mv
(2)
Lab Preparation
Although this activity requires no specific lab preparation, allow 10 minutes to assemble the equipment
needed to conduct the lab
Safety
Refer to the Safety section of the Instructor Information for this lab.
1. Using only the equipment provided, describe how you would construct an
apparatus that will measure the initial and final velocity and force associated with a
cart colliding with a barrier.
Answer provided here.
2. How will you configure your data collection system to display your measured
values? What sort of a display (graph, table, et cetera) will you use for each and why?
Answer provided here.
5. At what points in your display showing the velocity of the cart should the initial
and final velocities be measured?
Answer provided here.
6. What technique will you use to measure the impulse associated with the collision?
Answer provided here.
Relevant Equations
List the relevant equations you will use and show how you will use them in conjunction with your
measured values to determine the relationship between the change in momentum and the impulse of a
cart colliding with a barrier.
Refer to the Relevant Equations subsection of the Background section of the Teacher Key (S).
Collect Data
Students can place their raw data in this section.
Data Analysis
Present your data in the form of a table and any other way you find useful to determine the relationship
between the change in momentum and the impulse of a cart colliding with a barrier.
Analysis Questions
Refer to the Analysis Questions section of the Teacher Key (S) for answers.
Synthesis Questions
Refer to the Synthesis Questions section of the Teacher Key (S) for answers.