About The Philippines

Nan Maipariggep Nan Batawa
About The World
41
A translation and adaption of
Is Kelibutan Tew (Western Bukidnon Manobo)
by Daniel It Elkins, Rosito Lumansay and Richard E. Elkins;
and Maynamot Do Lobong Taya
(Ibatan of Babuyan Claro Island, Cagayan)
translated by Rueben T. Rican assisted by Judith M. Maree.
Translated by
Jocelyn L. Navarro
and
Marjory Moran
Art Work by Daniel R. Elkins and Rundell D. Maree
r
r
SUMMER INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTICS-Philippines, Inc.

Publishers
Translators 1994
Published
in cooperation with the
Commission on Philippine Languages
and the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports
Manila, Philippines
This book or any part thereof may be copied or adapted and reproduced for use by
any entity of the the Department of Education, Culture and Sports without permission
from the Summer Institute of Linguistics If there are other organizations or agencies
who would like to copy or adapt this book we request that permission first be obtained
by writing to:
Summer Institute of Linguistics
Box 2270 CPO
1099 Manila
We wish to express our appreciation to the Swedish International Development

Authority (SIDA) and the Holiness Union Mission of Sweden (HUM) for their
assistance in the production of this publication.
Northern Kankanay Atlas

47.36-895-5C
ISBN 971-18-0245-7
Printed in the Philippines
SIL Press
65.120PD-945015N
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS

toles Avenue. Past& Metro Moat
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY

Foreword
The islands, forests, and mountains of our country are home to many
distinct cultural communities, each with its own language and tradition.
Their cultures are integral pieces of the beautiful mosaic that is the
Filipino nation.
We owe a debt of gratitude to our countrymen from the cultural
communities. Through the centuries their customs, languages, and noble
spirit have contributed to the development of our national character. As
we gain greater understanding of these cultures, we can only take greater
pride in the remarkable richness of our Filipino heritage.
For these reasons, it is imperative that the languages and traditions of
the Filipino cultural communities be preserved. This book, in the
language of a cultural community, is intended to assist in that
preservation. It is designed to build reading and comprehension skills
and to expand knowledge through the medium of the reader's own language.
This first language approach to learning builds pride in the mother
tongue and makes reading a rewarding experience. The skills and
confidence thus acquired help equip the reader to pursue further
education in the national language.
The Department of Education, Culture and Sports is pleased to introduce
this book, the most recent in a series designed to promote literacy in the
cultural communities. In serving these conuminities, the good of the
entire nation is served.
ICARDI-Linese-----A.
1 T. GLORIA
Secretary
PREFACE
Nan Maipanggep Nan Batawa is a translation and adaptation of Is Kelibutan
Tew a simple atlas first designed and written for literacy endeavors among the
Western Bukidnon Manobo people of Mindanao and Maynamot do Lobong Taya
designed and written for use among the Ibatan people of Babuyan Clara, Calayan,
Cagayan.
This edition has been prepared for use in the schools of Sagada, Basso, and
Tadian and for the Northern Kankanay people of Mt. Province.
Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa
Nan Mountain Province

Isnan ill tako ay Igorot et wada
Id isna Mountain Province ya id
tako isnan tolo ay munisipyo ay nan
Ifugao et wada nan kaskasdaaw ay
munisipyon di Besao, Sagada ya
sinapon di kap-owan tako id kasin.
Tadian ay sakop nan Mountain
Siya na nan inag-agdan ay kabiti ay
Province. Nan kali tako et Igorot
IWPaYow.
wenno nan makwani en "Northern
Nan esa isnan bilbilig di probinsya
Kankanay".
tako et nan Mt. Data. Isna nan
Isdin census di 1970 et 35,046 nan
magapowan nan spat ay dadakkel ay
kabibilang di ipogaw isnan tolo ay
ginawang di Luzon. Daida nan Suyoc
munisipyo ngem ado gedan nan
ay men-ayos isnan Ginawang ay Abra,
Ig-igorot ay mentetee isnan tap-in di
nan Chico ay men-ayos isnan
il-ili id isna Pilipinas ya isnan tap-in di
Ginawang ay Cagayan, nan Asin ay
ad-addawi ay it-ili. Mensama nan
men-ayos isnan Ginawang ay Magat ya
kaadowan ay menkatagoda ngem ado
nan Ginawang ay Agno.
gedan nan mimistolo ya mimistala,
Nan oblan nan kaadowan isnan
dodoctol ya nurses ya nan tap-in di
ipogaw isnan Mountain Province et
diadal isnan naay tolo ay munisipyo.
mensama isnan inag-agdan ay
Wadada gedan isnan tap-in di it-ili
paypayewda. Nan esekda et pagey ay
isnan Pilipinas ya isnan ad-addawi ay
pala isnan kankanenda ya
it-ili.
natkenatken ay madengdeng ay
Nan Mountain Province et wada
ilakoda. Kaadowan gedan ay oblada et
isnan Northern Luzon. Siya nan esa
menlagadida is tabla ay ilakoda isnan
ay probinsiya isnan Cordillera Central.
tap-in di ill ngem id wani et
Nan tolo ay probinsya ay sag-en nan
insaldengda ay men-ilako. Ado gedan
Mountain Province et nan
nan mentalaken is beteg isnan
Kalinga-Apayao, Ifugao ya nan
Mountain Province. Wada pay nan
Benguet. Naisasag-en gedan nan Abra,
balitok ay maal-ala isnan Ginawang ay
Ilocos Sur ya Isabela. Nan capital di
Chico ngem nan kad-an di kaadowan
Mountain Province et Bontoc.
ay minas et id Benguet.
Mountain Province
We Igorots live in the municipalities of

Besao, Sagada and Tadian, in Mountain Province.
Our language is Igorot and is also called Northern
Kankanay.
In the census of 1970, the population of the
three municipalities was 95,046, but many Igorots
live in other parts of the Philippines as well as in
other countries. Farming is the major means of
livelihood, but there are also many teachers,
doctors, nurses and other professionals in the
three municipalities. There are also professionals
who live in other parts of the Philippines and in
other countries.
Mountain Province is in Northern Luzon. It
is one of the provinces of the Cordillera Central.
The adjacent provinces are Kalinga, Ifugao and
Benguet. Abra and Isabela are also near. Bontoc
is the capital of Mt. Province.
Long ago our ancestors built magnificent
stone-walled rice terraces. They are located in

Mountain Province and there are also terraces in
Ifugao Province.
One of the mountains in our province is Mt.
Data. It is the source of the four large rivers of
Luzon. The rivers are the Suyoc which flows to
the Abra River, the Chico which flows to the
Cagayan River, the Asin that flows to the Magat
River and the Agno River.
Farming the rice terraces is the main
occupation for most of the people of Mountain
Province. They plant rice for their own use and
different kinds of vegetables which they sell.
Lumbering to sell to other countries has also been
a recent occupation, but now they have stopped
selling lumber. There are also many in Mountain
Province who have piggeries. Some gold is panned
from the Chico River, but most of the mines are
in Benguet.
Nan Pilipinas
Siya na nan mapan nan ili tako ay
Pilipinas. Nan day pangwanida isnan
Pilipinas et "Pearl of the Orient". Nan
capital nan Filipinas et Quezon City id
Manila. Wada nan 7,107 ay dagana ay
makwani en island.' Nan kadakkelan
ay daga isna et nan Luzon ya
Mindanao. Nan dagdaga ay nagagawa
isnan Luzon ya Mindanao et siya nan
Visayas. Nan esay an-ando ay daga ay
naisisiyan et nan Palawan. Isnan abes
abagatan di Mindanao et siya nan
kad-an nan makwani en Sulu
Archipelago. Isna nan kad-an di
adoado ay Muslim.
Nan tolo ay kanayon ay maikalkali
et Tagalog, Ilocano ya Visaya. Filipino
nan makwani en national language
ngem nasolok ay sin-gasot nan kali
isnan Pilipinas. Nan bayayan di
Pilipinas ay makwani en national
flower et nan sampaguita. Nan kaiw ay
makwani en national tree et narra.
Si Dr Jose Rizal nan makwani en
national hero thy inidyana nan
biyagna isnan kakailyana tapno
mawayaanda isnan mangitotolayan di

Espanyol ken daida. Dat soblaten nan
Americano ay mentolay japan Pilipinas
enggana isdin World War II esapay
soblaten abes nan Hapon. Dat
gon-oden nan Pilipinas nan onto ay
wayawayana isdin 1946.
Nan Pilipinas et mabilig ay ili.
Nan bilbiligna et isnan amyanan ay
menpaabaptan. Isnan betaay nan
bilbilig et nadadata ya tantanap ay
siya nan oom-a ya paypayewan. Nan
dadadadakke ay kad-an di mabalin ay
masama et id Cagayan ay amyanan di
Luzon. Wada gedan isnan gawan di
Luzon ay makwani en Central Plain ya
nan datan di Bicol. Wada gedan id
Panay isnan Visayas ya isnan Agusan
id Mindanao.
Wada nan ananwa ay ginawang ay
mangdandanom isnan paypayew. Nan
napateg ay ginawang isnan Pilipinas et
nan Ginawang ay Cagayan isnan
amyanan di Luzon, nan Ginawang ay
Pampanga ya Agno isnan gawan di
Luzon ya nan Ginawang ay Pasig
The Philippines
This is the map of our country the
Philippines. Another name for the Philippines is
"Pearl of the Orient". Quezon City in Metro
Manila is the capital. The Philippines is made up
of 7,107 islands. The largest islands are Luion
and Mindanao. The islands between Luzon and
Mindanao are the Visayas. The long island
separated by itself is Palawan. South of Mindanao
is the Sulu Archipelago. That is where many
Muslims live.
The three major languages of the Philippines
are Tagalog, Ilocano and Visaya. The national
language is Filipino, and there are more than one
hundred other languages spoken in the
Philippines. The national flower of the Philippines
is the sampaguita. The national tree is the narra.
Dr. Jose Rizal is a national hero who gave
his life for his countrymen to help free them from
Nan makwani ay island et daga ay naliliwee ia danom.
Spanish rule. After that the Americans governed

the Philippines until World War II and then the
Japanese. The Philippines gained true
independence in 1946.
The Philippines is a mountainous country.
The mountains range from the north to the south.
Between the mountains are plains and valleys
where them are gardens and rice fields. The
largest farming area is in Cagayan in northern
Luzon. Other plains are the Central Plain in
Central Luzon and the plains of Bled. There are
also plains in Panay in the Visayas and in Agusan
in Mindanao.
There are wide rivers that provide water for
the rice fields. The major rivers of the Philippines
are the Cagayan River in northern Luzon, the
Pampanga and Agno Rivers of Central Luzon, the
isnan Metro Manila ya nan Ginawang

ay Agusan ya Pulangi id Mindanao.
Wada abes nan aananwa ay
posong ay kaneg nan Laguna Bay id
Laguna, nan Taal Lake id Batangas ya
Lake Lanao id Mindanao. Datona nan
napigsa ay mangpaandal isnan koryinti.
Ado abes gedan nan pagpag isnan
Pilipinas ay siya nan magapowan nan
kak-aiw ay mailako isnan tap-in di it-ili
isnan batawa. Ngem gapo tay
omad-ad-ado nan ipogaw et
kinaykayda nan tap-in di pagpag to
om-aenda ya osalenda ay pagpaatolan
nan tap-ina.
Gapo abes tay wada nan baybay
isnan betaay nan 7,107 ay island di
Pasig River in Metro Manila and the Agusan and

Pulangi Rivers of Mindanao.
There are also large lakes like Laguna Bay
in Laguna, Taal Lake in Batangas and Lake
Lanao in Mindanao. These provide power for
generating electricity.
There are also forests in the Philippines that
produce lumber which used to be sold to other
countries in the world. However, because the
population continues to increase, some of the
forest land has been tilled for fields and pasture
land.

Filipinas isonga nan tap-in di
kaadowan ay oblan di ipogaw et
mensidsidok. Ado pay gedan nan
pagminasan. Wada nan minas di
balitok id Benguet, id Masbate, id
Bulacan, id Surigao ya id Abagatan di
Cotabato. Nan gambang et id Lepanto
Mankayan, id Cebu, id Negros
Occidental, id Marinduque ya id
Samar. Nan pay abes landok et id
Ilocos Sur, Camarines Norte, isnan
Abagatan di Cotabato, id Nueva
Vizcaya, id Surigao, id Cagayan Valley,
id Marinduque, id Zamboanga, id
Samar, id Bulacan ya id Davao. Adoda
pay nan didiadal isnan Pilipinas ay
natkenatken nan oblada.
Since there is ocean between the 7,107

islands of the Philippines, fishing is another of the
major occupations of the people. There is also
mining. There are gold mines in Benguet,
Masbate, Bulacan, Surigao and South Cotabato.
Copper is mined in Lepanto Manlmyan, Cebu,
Negros Occidental, Marinduque, and Samar. And
there is iron in ocos Sur Canmrines Norte, South
Cotabato, Nueva Vizcaya, Surigao, Cagayan
Valley, Marinduque, Zamboanga, Samar, Bulacan
and Davao. Also there are many professionals in
the Philippines doing a variety of different work.
Luzon cz,
0 BABUYAN ISLANDS
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MOUNTA/Nt
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FUGAO
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QUEZON
CANARINES NORTE
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Nan Luzon
men-an-anop, men-oblada isnan
Nan Luzon nan kadakkelan ay
pagminasan, mensama ya men-galdin,
daga isnan Pilipinas. Wada nan
men-abe ya mensapsapo is tinagtago.
anatakdag ay bilbilig ya ananwa ay
Nan pay es taga baba et mensama,
nadata. Nan dadakke ay bilbiligma et
mentalaken is manok ya beteg,
nan Cordillera ya nan Bilbilig ay
mensas-aep, makioblada isnan
Sierra Madre. Nan ananwa ay datana
pagminasan ya nan tap-ina.
et isnan gawan nan Luzon ay
Nan gawan nan Luzon ay
makwani en Central Plain ya nan
makwani en Central Plain et menlogi
tanap isnan Ginawang ay. Cagayan.
isnan Manila Bay et enggana isnan
Nan bilbilig di Cordillera isnan
Lingayen Gulf id Pangasinan.
laod et atakdag ya natetengey ay waay
Mensama nan kaadowan ay oblan di
2,743 ay metro nan kaatakdagna.
ipogaw isdi. Pagey, ballogo ya onas
Ngem isnan Central Cordillera et
nan kaadowan ay esekda. Isnan tap-in
baken pilmi ay atakdag ya baken
di logal isdi et mamingsanda ay
tengey isonga wada nan mabalin ay
men-ani isnan makatawen dapay abes
maom-a. Nan tanap di Trinidad nan
isnan tap-ina id baba et mamindowa
esa ay magapowan nan adoado ay
ya
marnintoloda pay. Wada nan dam
madengdeng. Nan Bilbilig ay Sierra
isnan tap-in di ili ay maolnongan di
Madre et 563 ay kilometro nan
danom ay mangdanom isnan paypayew.
kaan-an-andona dapay abes isnan
Nan abes tanap di Cagayan et
tap-ina et atakdag ya tengey nan
gawigawis ya maloweb. Ado pay gedan
bilbilig ay omey ay 1,524 ay metro nan
nan nateketeken ay esekda.
kaat-atakdagna.
Isnan pay abes Luzon et ado nan
Nan ipogaw isnan Luzon et
volcano
ay kaneg-nan Taal Volcano id
natkenatken nan oblada. Kaadowan
Batangas ya nan Mayon Volcano id
ken daida et mabilig ya mapagpag nan
Albay isnan sag-en nan Legaspi City.
menteteanda. Nan tap-in di
Siya nan esay kagawisan nan sokogna
menkatagoda et menlaglagadi is tabla,
Luzon
Luzon is the largest island in the Philippines.
It has high mountains and wide plains. Its major
mountains are the Cordillera and the Sierra
Madre Mountains. The wide plains are the
Central Plain and the valley along the Cagayan
River in Central Luzon.
The tall, steep Cordillera Mountains in the
west are about 2,743 meters in height. However,
the Central Cordillera mountains are not as tall
and steep and so can be farmed. The Trinidad
Valley is the source of many kinds of vegetables.
The Sierra Madre Mountains are 563 kilometers
in length with some of the high steep mountain
peaks reaching to about 1,524 meters.
The people in Luzon have many different
occupations. Many of them live in the mountains
and forested areas. Their various means of
livelihood are lumbering, hunting, mining,
farming and gardening, weaving and wood

carving. The people in the lowlands farm, raise
poultry and pigs, fish, work in the mines, etc.
The Central Plain of Central Luzon begins
at Manila Bay and continues to the Lingayen Gulf
in Pangasinan. Most of the people there are
farmers. The major crops are rice, corn and
sugarcane. In some of the areas they harvest once
a year, while in other areas in the lowlands they
harvest two and three times. There are dams in
some places where water is dammed up and used
to irrigate the rice fields.
The Cagayan Valley is very good and fertile.
They are able to grow many different crops there.
In Luzon there are many volcanoes such as
Taal Volcano in Batangas and Mayon Volcano in
ay volcano isnan batawa. Nan Iota isdi

et maloweb ya gawigawis ay maeskan is
pagey, ballogo, ya nan tap-in di
madengdeng. Wada abes nan Mt.
Pinatubo id Zambales. Issan 1991 et
binomtak nan Mt. Pinatubo et ado nan
nadadael ay pagpagey, oom-a, kak-aiw

ya bab-aey ya adoado nan natey ay
kaipoipogaw. Enggana id wani ay 1994
et bombomtak kayet nan Mt. Pinatubo
ngem inmon-onina nan daddaddaelena.
Mayas
ORIENTAL MINDORO
MARINDUQUE
LON
MASBATE
OCCIDENTAL MINDORO
NORTHERN
SAMAR
O.
STERN
SAMAR
PANAY
ISLAND
e) ANTIQ
NUE
ILOILO
NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
NEGROS ORIENTAL
LEYTE
BOHOL
CEBU
Adoado nan baban-eg ay island

isnan Visayas. Kaadowan isnan naayda
et nabilbiligan isnan gawan nan iii ya
nadadata isnan sag-en di baybay. Nan
dadadakke ay island et nan Mindoro,
Samar, Leyte, Panay, Negros, Cebu,
Bohol, Romblon ya Palawan.
Nan kaadowan ay ikatagon nan
ipogaw isdi et mensidok ya mensama.

Nan kaadowan ay esekda et pagey,
ballogo, madengdeng, ones, makmakan
ay begas di kak-aiw ya niyog. Id
Romblon et siya abes nan esay
kagapowan di nangina ay bato ay
makwani en marble.
Albay near Legaspi City. It is the most perfectly

shaped volcano in the world. The soil is fertile and
very good for planting rice, corn and various
vegetables. There is also Mt. Pinatubo in
Zambales. In 1991 Mt. Pinatubo erupted and
there was great destruction of rice fields, fields,

trees and buildings, and many people died Until
now, 1994, Mt Pinatubo sometimes erupts, but
there is not such great destruction.
Visayas
The Visayas consist of many small islands.
Many of the islands are mountainous in the center
with narrow plains near the ocean. The larger
islands are Mindoro, Samar, Leyte, Panay,
Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Romblon and Palawan.
The major means of livelihood for the

Visayan people are fishing and farming. Their
main crops are rice, corn, vegetables, sugarcane,
fruit trees and coconut. From Romblon comes the
valuable stone, marble.
10
Mindanao
SURIGAO
MISAM/S
Cagayan
MISAMIS
DEL NORTE
ORIENTAL
de On City
OCCIDENTAL
SURIGAO
EL SUR
ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE
ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR

amboanga City
DAVAO
RIENTAL
LANAO DEL NORTE
LANAO DEL SUR
Cotabato City
MAGINDANAO
SULTAN KUDARAT
Davao City
DAVAO DEL SUR
General Santos City
cs9
100
Kilometers
200
11
Mindanao
Nan Mindanao nan maikadwa ay
maloweb nan Iota. Nan kaadowan ay
kadakkelan ay island isnan Pilipinas.
esek isdi et pagey, ballogo, niyog,
Wada nan ananwa ay oom-a ya
abaca, kapi, cacao, malmkakan ay begas
paypayew id isna ay kaneg id Lanao ya
di kak-aiw, obi ya
id Bukidnon. Wada gedan isnan
Id Mindanao pay nan kad-an nan
Cotabato Cordillera ya isnan datan di
anaananwa ay pinyaan ay nan
Cotabato.
makwani en Dole ya Del Monte. Siya
dana nan isopay ay men-oblaan nan
Ado pay nan magapowan di
danomda ay kaneg nan posong nan
kaadowan isdi. Nan pay ipogaw isnan
Lanao, nan Ginawang ay Agusan ya
bilbilig et menlaghtgadi is tabla ya
nan inodey ay makwani en Maria
menminminas. Nan maminas isdi et
Cristina. Siya dana nan mangdanom
balitok, gambang ya nan makwani en
coal.3
isnan paypayew ya napigsa ay
mangpaandal isnan koryinti.
Mindanao nan kad-an nan bilig ay
Apo.
Nan Mount Apo nan
Nan Cotabato Cordillera et ado
kaatakdagan ay bilig isnan Pilipinas ay
nan anando ya mensisilpo ay bilbilig
ngem wada nan tantanapna ay gawis
3,000 ay metro nan kaatakdagna.
is masama. Ado nan maapit tay
Mindanao
Mindanao is the second largest island in the
Philippines. There are wide garden areas and rice
fields in Lanao and Bukidnon. There are also
gardens and fields in the Cotabato Cordillera and
the Cotabato Plain.
There are many sources of water such as
Lake Lanao, the Agusan River and Maria Cristina
Falls. The falls irrigate the rice fields and provide
power to generate electricity.
The Cotabato Cordillera range has long
connected mountains with valleys that are good
for farming. There are abundant harvests
ii`an ramie et am ay esek By maabe is lopot.
Nan coal et esa ay maminminas ngem pals eonod.
because the soil is fertile. The major crops there

are rice, corn, coconut, abate, coffee, cacao fruit
trees, camote and ramie.
The Dole and Del Monte pineapple
plantations are in Mindanao. These provide work
for many. The occupation of the people in the
mountains is lumbering and mining. There are
gold, copper and coal mines.
Mt. Apo is located in Mindanao. It is the

highest mountain in the Philippines and is 9,000
meters high.
12
Southeast Asia
ghat
1 MYANMAR (BURMA)
CHINA
2 THAILAND
TAIWAN
AIWAN 3 KAMPUCHEA
4 LAOS
HONGKONG
3 VIETNAM
Hainan
6a VEST MALAYSIA
Manila 6 b EAST MALAYSIA
time
lc
Phnom Pe* r Q PILIPINAS

Davao City
Nr4,
Pacific Ocean
gad
Equator
dal
SUGAPY4
Jakarta
Sulawesi
Java
oae to
Ort
resby
PAPUA
NEW GUINEA
Indian Ocean
13
Southeast Asia
Nan Southeast Asia et sakopena

nan simpoo ya esa ay nasyon ay nan
Pilipinas, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei,
Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam,
Kampuchea, Laos, Myanmar ya nan
Taiwan.
Maila isnan naay mapa nan
nasyon ya dadadakke ay siudad ay
naisasag-en isnan Pilipanas. Nan
kaasag-enan et Borneo. Dakkel ay
island nan Borneo et isdi tolo nan
gobilnoda ay Malaysia, Indonesia ya

Brunei. Nan Sabah ya Sarawak et
maitapi isnan gobilnon di Malaysia
dapay nan Kalimantan et maitapi
isnan Indonesia. Nan Brunei nan
maikatlo ngem am-inda et sakop di
Borneo.
Nan tap-ina ay sagogong tako et
nan Singapore, Taiwan, China,
Vietnam, Laos, Kampuchea, Thailand
ya Myanmar.
ASEAN
Nan Association of Southeast

Asian Nations (ASEAN) et siya nan
mangpepeke isnan enem ay nasyon to
menbibinadangda tapno maoolnos nan
Southeast Asia. Nan
menbibinadanganda ay maipanggep
isnan olnos et adi maitapi nan
military. Nan menbibinadanganda et
isnan maipanggep nan mapasaldengan
nan omad-ad-adowan di ipogaw, nan
mangpasaldeng isnan baken osto ay
maos-osalan di agas ya nan maad-adal
maipanggep isnan maayewan di
batawa. Nan ASEAN et
menbinadangda gedan tapno mabalin

ay mensinsinokat nan nasyon isnan
prodoktoda. Tinew-en ay menmiting
nan aap-apon nan naayda ay enem ay
nasyon.
Siya dana nan nasyon ay naitapi
isnan ASEAN.
Pilipinas
Indonesia
Singapore
Malaysia
Thailand
Brunei
Nan damo ay ninmitinganda et id
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia includes eleven countries
governments, Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei.
which are the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia,
Sabah and Sarawak are governed by Malaysia,
Brunei, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam,
and Kalimantan is governed by Indonesia. Brunei
is the third government, and all of them are part
Kampuchea, Laos, Myanmar and Taiwan.
Shown on this map are the countries which
of Borneo.
The other countries which are our neighbors
are near our country and some of the large cities.
The country nearest to the Philippines is Borneo.
are Singapore, Taiwan, China, Vietnam, Laos,
Borneo is a large island and has three
Kampuchea, Thailand and Myanmar.
ASEAN
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) binds six countries for mutual
assistance to maintain peace in Southeast Asia,
but the assistance does not include military
assistance. Their mutual assistance is in terms of
population control, stopping the illegal use of
drugs and studying about caring for our world.
ASEAN also assists in mutual trade agreements.
The leaders of these six countries meet every year.
The countries included in ASEAN are:
Philippines
Indonesia
Singapore
Malaysia
Thailand
Brunei
Their first meeting was in Bangkok,
14
Bangkok isnan Thailand isdin

nangpilmaanda isnan tolag di ASEAN
isdin Agusto 8, 1967.
Nan tolagan et maipanggep di
olnos ya nan menbibinadanganda ay
napateg isnan Southeast Asia. Nan
aap-apon nan nasyon ay naayda et
kaytenda ay maoolnos ya menbinadang.
Isdin 1987 nan ninsasab-atan nan

aap-apon di ASEAN id Manila ay
ninmitingan.
Naayda pay nan maipanggep nan
tap-in di nasyon id Asia.
Indonesia
Nan Indonesia et wada nan 3,000
daida nan mensamsama. Natkenatken
ay baban-eg ay island. Nan epat ay
nan kalida ngem nan kali ay
kadakkelan ay island et nan Java,
menkinaawatanda am-in et nan
Sumatra, Sulawesi ya nan Kalimantan
Bahasa Indonesia.
id Borneo. Naitapi gedan nan Irian
Maloweb ya gawigawis nan Iota
Jaya isnan island di New Guinea. Nan
isdi isonga gawis is masama ya
capital nan Indonesia et Jakarta.
maom-a. Nan pagpag isdi et ananwa ya
Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et
wada pay nan pagminasanda.
176,735,000 ya nasolok ay 80% ken
Malaysia
Simpoo ya tolo ay probinsya nan
wada isnan Malaysia. Nan naayda et
napos-ada isnan nangatngato ay
gobilnoda ay makwani en national
government ngem nan wasdin
probinsya et wada nan wayawayada.
Nan capitalna et Kuala Lumpur.

15,909,000. Naitapi et nan sigod ay
nintetee isdi ya nan Insik, Malay,
Indian, Pakistani ya wada pay nan
Filipino.
Thailand, when they signed the written

agreement of ASEAN on August 8, 1967.
This written agreement about mutual peace
and assistance is important to Southeast Asia.
The leaders of these countries want to be united
in mutual assistance.
The leaders of these countries met in Manila

in 1987.
Included is some information about the
nations in Asia.
Indonesia
Indonesia has three thousand small islands.
Its four largest islands are Java, Sumatra,
Sulawesi and Kalimantan, which is part of the
island of Borneo. Irian Jaya is part of the island
of New Guinea. Jakarta is the capital of
Indonesia.
The population is 176,735,000 and more
than 80% are farmers. There are many different

languages but the language they all understand is
Bahasa Indonesia.
The soil in Indonesia is rich and fertile so it
is good for farming and gardening. There is
abundant forest and there are also mines.
Malaysia
Malaysia has thirteen states, which are like
provinces. These are united together under a
national government, but each state is
independent. The capital is Kuala Lumpur.
The population of Malaysia is 15,909,000

and includes the original people, Chinese, Malay,
Indian, Pakistani, and also Filipinos.
15

Brunei
wada isdi et 162,000. Bandar Seri

Begawan nan capitalna.
Nan Brunei et nawayaan isdin

Enero 1984 isnan nangitoltolayan di
British ken daida menlogi isdin 1888.
Isnan island nan Borneo nan kad-an di
Brunei. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw ay
Singapore
Singapore. Waay 75% nan Insik ya nan

tap-ina et Malay, Indonesian, Filipino,
Indian, Pakistani ya iyEurope. Nan
ad-ado ay ikalkalida et Mandarin,
Malay ya English. Ikalida gedan nan
tap-in di kalin di Insik ya nan kali ay
Tamil.
Nan Singapore et siudad ay

naliliwes is danom isnan odon di
abagatan nan Malay Peninsula. 4 Nan
sigod et naitatapi id Malaysia
engganay nawayaan isdin Agosto 9,
1965. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et
2,628,000.
Natkenatken nan ipogaw id
India
makwani en Hindustan. Isna nan

maloweb ay lotana et siya nan kad-an
di paypayew ya om-a. Isnan pagpagna
et wada nan layon, leopard, tire,
elepanti ya nan kaeegyat ay oweg ay
makwani en cobra. Isnan bilbilig et
siya abes nan kad-an nan pagminasan.
Mensama nan napateg ay oblada.
Ngem gapo thy ado nan ipogaw isdi
Nan India et isangadom ay

nasyon. Nagon-odna nan wayawayana
isnan Britain isdin 1947. Nan
kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et
735,558,000 isonga napoposekda ya
adoado ken daida nan kodo thy maid
osto is oblada. Nan capitalna et New
Delhi ya nan kalida et Hindi.
Nan amyanan di India et siya nan
Brunei

Brunei gained independence in January The population is 162,000. The capital is Bandar
Seri Begawan.
1984 from the British who had governed them
since 1888. Brunei is part of the island of Borneo.
Singapore
Singapore is a city surrounded by water

located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula.
It was formerly a part of Malaysia until it gained
independence on August 9, 1965. The population
is 2,628,000.
There are many different nationalities in
Singapore. Perhaps 75% are Chinese and the rest

are Malay, Indonesian, Filipino, Indian, Pakistani
and European. The major languages are
Mandarin, Malay, and English. They also speak
other Chinese languages and the Tamil language.
India
India is an old country. It gained

independence from Britain in 1947. The
population is 735,558,000 so it is very crowded and
many are poor because they have no permanent
4
Nan peninsula et nan daga ay naliliwes is danom
work. New Delhi is the capital and Hindi is the

language.
The northern part of India is called
Hindustan. The land is fertile and the rice fields
and gardens are located there. In the forest there
By tole nan bengetna.
16
masapol ay lomako nan India is makan
isnan tap-in di it-ili tay adi omanay

nan esekda is kanenda.
Pakistan

Nan kayat ay kanan nan Pakistan
ogalida tay Muslimda. Nan kaad-adon
et "Land of the Pure". Mabilig ya
di ipogaw isdi et 94,424,000 ya nan

mapagpag na ay iii.
ostoy kalida et Urdu. Nan capital nan
Nan iPakistan et ib-ada nan
Pakistan et Islamabad .
iyIndia ngem taken nan pammati ya
Bangladesh
Nan Bangladesh et isnan sigod ay
sakop di East Pakistan ngem isdin
1971 dat maisiyan. Pilmi ay naposek
tay 92,000,000 nan ipogaw isdi. Nan
capitalna et Dacca ya nan ostoy kalida
et Bengali.
Ado nan gawis ay paypayewda
isnan ananwa ay bengbenget nan
Ginawang ay Ganges ya
Brahamaputra. Waay 80% isnan
ipogaw isdi et mensamsama. Napateg
gedan isdi nan obla ay mensidok.
Nan kaadowan ay magapo isdi et
nan esek ay makwani en jute ay
masapsapo is sako.
Nepal
Nan Nepal et banban-eg ay
nasyon et nan kaad-adon di ipogaw
isdi et 16,261,000. Epat nan sakopna
ya natkenatken nan kangatoda isnan
baybay isonga natkenatken abes nan
pons ya tedekda. Nan mentotolay id

Nepal et ali Nan capital nan Nepal et
Kathmandu.
Id Nepal nan kad-an nan
kangatowan ay bilig isnan batawa ay

are lions, leopards, tigers, elephants and cobra
food from other countries since their crops are not

snakes. There are also mines in the mountains.
enough to supply their food.
Farming is the major occupation. But,
because there are so many people India must buy
Pakistan

The meaning of Pakistan is "Land of the
different as they are Muslims. The population is
Pure". The country is mountainous and forested. 94,424,000 and the major language is Urdu.
The Pakistani people are similar to the
Islamabad is the capital.
Indian people but their religion and customs are
Bangladesh
Bangladesh was formerly part of East
Pakistan but in 1971 it was separated. It is densely
populated since there are 92,000,000 people there.
The capital is Dacca and the major language is
Bengali.
There are many fertile rice fields along the
Ganges and Brahamaputra rivers. Perhaps 80%

of the people there are farmers. Fishing is also
an important occupation.
The major product for export is jute which
is used to make sacks
Nepal
Nepal is a small country but with a

population of 16,261,000. It has four sections and
they vary in elevation beginning from sea level, so
the sections also vary in temperature. Nepal is

ruled by a king. Kathmandu is the capital.
Mt. Everest is in Nepal and is the highest
17
nan Mount Everest ay 9,000 ay metros

makwani an Bilbilig ay Himalaya isnan
nan kaat-atakdagna. Wada na isnan
betaay di Nepal ya China.
Bhutan
Kaadowan isnan iBhutan et
Nan Bhutan et banban-eg ay
mensamsamada ya kaadowan abes ay
nasyon mo nan Nepal. Nadodontog ya
adoado nan bilbilig id isdi Nan
wada isnan kabilbiligan et
mentaltalakenda is bakbaka ya nan
kaad-adon di ipogawna et 1,462,000.
makwani en yak ay kaneg baka ay
All gedan nan mentolay ken daida ya
anando nan dotdotna.
nan capitalna et Thimphu.
Th ailand
Id sangadom et Siam nan ngadan
abes nan gawana et maloweb ay gawis
is masama ya maom-a. Nan kaiw ay
di Thailand Nan kayat ay kanan nan
Thailand et "Land of the Free". Nan
makwani en teak et siya nan kaiwda
isnan pagpag ya ilakoda pay isnan
kaad-adon nan ipogawna et 55,000,000.
Nan capitalna et Bangkok.
tap-in di it-ili.
Nan amyanan et mapagpag dapay
Myanmar
makwani en teak ya wada gedan nan
Id kasin et Burma nan ngadan di
Myanmar. Nan Myanmar et liniliwes
minas isdi. Nan abagatan di Myanmar
nan Thailand, India, ya China. Nan
et maloweb nan lotana. Nan Myanmar
kaad-adon di ipogawna et 39,145,000.
nan makwani en agamang nan batawa
tay adoado nan pageyda. Nan capital
Nan amyanan nan Myanmar et bilbilig
nan Myanmar et Yangon.
ya mapagpag. Nan kaiwda et nan
mountain in the world with an elevation of 9,000 meters. It is part of the Himalaya Mountains
which are between Nepal and China.
Bhutan
and many of them living in the high mountainous
Bhutan is a smaller country than Nepal. It
areas herd cattle and yak, which are similiar to
has many mountains and hills. The population is
cows but with long hair.
1,462,000. It is also ruled by a king and the capital
is Thimphu.
Many of the people of Bhutan are farmers
Thailand
Siam was the former name of Thailand. while the center part is fertile land that is good
Thailand means "Land of the Free". The for farming and gardening. In the forest are trees
population is 55,000,000. The capital is Bangkok. called teak whose wood is sold to other countries.
The northern part of Thailand is forested
Myanmar
Before Myanmar was named Burma. mines there. The south of Myanmar has fertile
Myanmar is surrounded by Thailand, India, and soil. Myanmar is called the granary of the world
China and has a population of 39,145,000. The because it has an abundance of rice. Yangon is the
northern part of Myanmar is mountainous and capital of Myanmar.
forested. The trees are teak and there are also
18
Vietnam
Vietnam ya South Vietnam Nan
Nan Vietnam et ilin di
North Vietnam nan communista ngem
communista. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw
nan South Vietnam et baken. Nabayag
isdi et 55,000,000. Nan 74% ken daida
ay nin-gobgobatda engganay nangabak
et men-ilida isnan kabilbiligan. Nan
nan North Vietnam daet maesang et
capitalna et Hanoi.
nan Vietnam et mentolay nan
Nan sigod et nagegedwa nan
communista ken daida am-in.
Vietnam tay id kasin wada nan North
Ramp uchea
mensamsama. Nan kaad-adon di
Nan sigod ay ngadan di
ipogawna et 61,357,000. Nan capitalna
Kampuchea et Cambodia. Mapagpag
et Phnom Penh ya nan ipogaw isdi et
nan 75% nan Kampuchea. Nan
Khmer nan pangwanida ken daida.
kapatgan ay oblan nan ipogaw isdi et
menlaglagadi is tabla, mensidsidok ya
Laos
Babanan-eg nan paypayew isdi tay
Mabilig ya mapagpag nan Laos ya
mabilig. Adoado nan elepanti isdi
menpoos ay ili. Maloweb nan Iota isdi
isonga kananda en ilin di 1,000,000 ay
ya wada nan napateg ay mabalin ay
elepanti.
maminas. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw
isdi et 4,115,000. Nan capital nan Laos
et Vientiane.
Vietnam
communist but not South Vietnam. After a long
Vietnam is a communist country. The
time of continuous war, North Vietnam defeated
population is 55,000,000 and 74% live in the
South Vietnam and now the communists rule all
mountainous areas. The capital is Hanoi.
the country.
Formerly, Vietnam was divided into North
Vietnam and South Vietnam. North Vietnam was
Kampuchea
lumbering, fishing and fanning. The capital is
Phnom Penh and the people are called Khmer.
The former name of Kampuchea was

Cambodia. The population is 61,357,000. 75% of
the country is forested. The main occupations are
Laos
Laos is a hot country with mountains and
forests. The soil there is fertile and there are some
valuable minerals which could be mined. The
population is 4,115,000 and the capital is
Vientiane.
Laos is very mountainous so the fields for

planting rice are small. There are many elephants
in Laos which is why they call it the country of
one million elephants.
19
Australia
Australia nan esa ay kadakkelan
ay ili ay wada isnan naay mapa. Ngem
siya nan kababan-egan ay continent
isnan batawa. Olay no nalawalawa
nan Australia, nan kaadowan ay
nin-iliyan nan kaipoipogaw et isnan
sagsag-en ya bengbenget di baybay tay
menpololoos ya nanakgang nan gawan
di ili Nan sigod ay omili id Australia
et nan makwani en Aborigines et daida

nan inmili isnan gawana et alistoda ay
men-anap is kanenda isnan deey ay
dadama ay naaango ay daga.
Nan kaadowan ay sangaili id
Australia et nagapoda id Europe. Nan
kalida isdi et English. Nan capital di
Australia et Canberra.
New Guinea
Nan kaasag-enan isnan Australia
et New Guinea. Isnan laodna et wada
nan Irian Jaya ngem nasakop nan
Indonesia. Isnan pay abes makindaya
et nan nawaya ay ili ay Papua New

Guinea. Nan capital nan Papua New
Guinea et Port Moresby.
Mendinemang nan mapan nan continent di Asia, Europe ya amyanan di

Africa. Adoado ay nasyon ya natkenatken ay ipogaw nan mutates is dadi.
Australia
Australia is the largest country on this map,

but it is the smallest continent in the world. Even
though it's large, most of the people live along the
coast close to the sea because it's very hot and dry
in the interior of the country. The original
inhabitants of Australia are called Aborigines, and
they live in the interior. They are skilled at

hunting for food in this very dry land.
Most of the people living in Australia are
the who, long ago, left their homes in Europe to
live in Australia. English is their language and the
capital is Canberra.
New Guinea
The country near Australia is New Guinea.

Man Jaya is on the western side and is governed
by Indonesia. The eastern part is the independent
country of Papua New Guinea. The capital of
Papua New Guinea is Port Moresby.
The double map on the next page includes

the continents of Asia and Europe and northern
Africa. There are many countries and different
people living there.
20
Europe and North Africa

17 C2ECHOSLOVAICIA
18 GERMANY
19 POLAND
20 ENGLAND
21 IRELAND
22 NORWAY
23 SWEDEN
24 PINLAND
1 ISRAEL
2 JORDAN
3 SYRIA
4 IRAQ
5 LEBANON
6 N. YEMEN
7 9. YEMEN
8 ITALY
9 GREECE
10 SWITZERLAND
11 AUSTRIA
12 PAKISTAN
13 YUGOSLAVIA
14 BULGARIA
15 ROMANIA
16 HUNGARY
25 APGRAN/STAN
26 OMAN
27 KUWAIT
28 QATAR
29 PORTUGAL
24
22
Leningrad
e Moscow
8
Berlin 19
Bonn
Paris
PRANGE1.1 8
SPAIN
These are some of the

countries that were part
of the former USSR:
Armenia
Azerbaidzhan
Estonia
Georgia
Latvia
Lithuania
Moldavia
Russia
Ukraine
White Russia
C)
13
ROME
dli
3 4 /
runlets aghlad
2 \
2
SAUDI
ARABIA
Tehran
C
25
IRAN
12
Mecca
26
Indian Ocean
Nan Mttipanggep nan Batawa
21
Asia
IMP
Kilometers
36 MYANMAR (BURMA)
37 BANGLADESH
38 NEPAL
39 SRI LANKA
40 BHUTAN
30 NORTH KOREA
31 SOUTH KOREA
32 VIETNAM
33 LAOS
34 KAMPUCHEA
35 THAILAND
f-
Ulaanbaatar
`t.
MONGOLIA /
Beijing
JAPAN
Tokyo
1_ Islamabad
CHINA
12
Mt ....permit
"_.-
New Delhi 37
Calcutta
INDIA
Yangon
(Rangoon)
411kz
Indian Ocean
Hanoi
aipei
TAIWAN
ngkong Pacific Ocean
4)
etiManila
I?
PILIPINAS

Russia

Nan Russia et siya nan
namaid nan USSR issan 1991. Nan
kaanawaan ya kadakkelan ay ili isnan
kaad-adon di ipogaw id Russia et
batawa. Id kasin et maitapi isnan
137,551,000. Nan capitalna et
United Soviet Socialist Republic ngem
Moscow.
Nan People's Republic Di China
Nan China et esay dakkel ay

nasyon ay itoltolayan di communista
ninlogi isdin 1949. Nan kaad-adon
nan ipogaw et omey ay 1,000,000,000.
Nan capital di People's Republic di
China et Beijing.
Nan kaadowan ay magapowan nan
sipingda et isnan men-om-aanda,

mensamaanda ya abes nan
pagminminasanda et nan bilbiligda.
Nan lopot ay nangina ya mensileng ay
makwani en sida et magapo id China
et ilaklakoda isnan natkenatken ay
nasyon.
Taiwan
Nan ngadan nan Taiwan id kasin

et Formosa ay nan kayatna ay kanan
et 'Beautiful". Jana nan Republic di
China. Nan kaad-adon nan ipogaw isdi
et 19,538,000 ay maitapi nan inmey
isdi ay 1.inmak-aan isdin 1949. Nan

capitalna et Taipei.
Kaadowan nan ipogaw isdi et
mensamsama ya abes kokwada nan
samsamaenda. Wada abes nan
minminasda isnan bilbiligda.
Russia
Russia is the largest country in the world in
dissolved. The population of Russia is
land area. It used to be part of the United Soviet
137,551,000. The capital is Moscow.
Socialist Republic but in 1991 the USSR was
The People's Reptithe of China
China is another large country. The
The main source of income is gardening and
population is about 1,000,000,000 and the
farming. In the mountains there are mines. An
government has been communist since 1949. The
expensive cloth called silk comes from China and
capital city of The People's Republic of China is
is sold to other countries in the world.
Beijing.
Taiwan
The former name of Taiwan was Formosa
which means "Beautiful". This is now the
Republic of China. The population is 19,538,000
including those who left China in 1949. The capital
is Taipei.
Most of the people there are farmers and

they own the land they farm. There are also mines
in the mountains.
23
Hongkong
ipogaw et 4,790,000 ay maitapi nan
kinmaan id China ay inmey nintee
Isnan ipogaw id Hongkong et 98%
nan Insik ya Cantonese nan kalida.
Nan capital di Hongkong et id
Victoria ay kad-an nan bangkon di
natkenatken ay nasyon. Kaadowan
nan ipogaw isdi et mensapsapo is
loplopot ya badbado ay ilaklakoda
isnan nateketeken ay nasyon.
Isnan abagatan isnan benget di

People's Republic di China nan kad-an
di Hongkong. Nan kayat ay kanan nan
Hongkong et "Fragrant Harbor". Id
wani nan mentoltolay id Hongkong et
nan British ngem nan tolagan et is
1997 isoblida isnan China.
Wada nan tolo ay sakopna ay nan
makwani en Kowloon Peninsula, nan
island di mismon di Hongkong ya nan
New Territories. Nan kaad-adon di
Korea
Nan Korea et dap ay naliliwes is
danom nan tolo ay bengetna isnan
makindayan di Asia. Nagedwa nan
Korea is doway iii. Daida nan North
Korea ay itoltolayan di communists ya
nan South Korea ay baken
communista. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw
id South Korea et 45,107,000 dapay
abes id North Korea et 22,606,000.
Mensamsama nan kaadowan ay

oblan di ipogaw id South Korea. Nan
esang abes ay oblada et mensapsapo is
sida. Id North Korea et ananwa gedan
nan pagpagda ya nan bilbiligna et siya
nan pagminasan.
Nan capital di North Korea et
Pyongyang ya nan South Korea et
Seoul.
Hongkong
Hongkong is located on the Southern edge 4,790,000, which includes those who left China
of the People's Republic of China and is governed and went to live there. 98% of the people in
by the British. The plan is in 1997 the British rule Hongkong are Chinese and Cantonese is their
will end and Hongkong will return to China, The language.
meaning of Hongkong is "Fragrant Harbor". Victoria is the capital and the banks of many
Hongkong has three areas which are the Kowloon countries are located there which makes
Peninsula, the island of Hongkong and the New Hongkong important. Cloth and clothing is the
Territories. The population of Hongkong is largest industry of Hongkong.
Kona
Korea is located on the eastern side of
mainland Asia, surrounded on three sides by
water. Korea is divided into two countries, North
Korea, which is communist, and South Korea,
which is non-communist. The population of South
Korea is 45 107 000 and of North Korea is
22,606,000.
Farming is the main occupation of the people

in South Korea. They also produce silk which ie
an expensive cloth. North Korea is forested and
there are mines in the mountains.
The capital of North Korea is Pyongyang and
of South Korea is Seoul.
24

Japan
Nan Japan nan nasyon id Asia ay

makwani en industrial tay adoado nan
nateketeken ay sapsapowenda ay
kaneg nan radyo, lilos ya nan tap-ina
pay. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et
126,669,000. Nan capital nan Japan et
Tokyo.
Nan kaadowan ay oblan di ipogaw
isdi et mensamsama. Ngem kolang nan
paypayewda isonga adi omanay nan
apitda isonga lomaklakoda is bagas ya

nan tap-in di makan isnan tap-in di
nasyon.
Nan tapin di oblan nan ipogaw
isdi et mensidsidok ya nan lopot ay
sida nan esay kaadowan ay magapo
gedan ken daida.
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia nan kad-an nan

siudad ay Mecca ay napateg isnan
Muslim tay siya nan ilin Mohammed. 5
magapowan di igas, gasolina ya nan

tap-ina pay. Wada pay nan anaanawa
ay logal isdi ay naaango ay makwani
en desert ay adi makatobo nan esek.
8,367,000. Nan capital nan Saudi
Arabia et Riyadh.
NanMuslimdPpet
laylaydenda ay om-omey id Mecca tay

makwanida et ay Hadji ya mabalin et
ay men-osalda is polaw ay bedbed
dapay lispitowen nan ib-ada ay Muslim.
Nan Saudi Arabia et nabaknangda
is makwani en petroleum ay
Japan
Japan is known as the industrial nation of
Asia because they make many different products
such as radios, watches, etc. The population is
126,669,000. Tokyo is the capital.
Fanning is one of the main occupations. But
the harvest in Japan is not enough to feed the
people because there are not enough fields, so they

buy rice and other foods from other countries.
Another occupation of the people is fishing.
A lot of silk cloth also comes from Japan.
Saudi Arabia
Mecca, which is an important city to the
Muslims because Mohammed was born there, is
located in Saudi Arabia. The Muslims here in the
Philippines like to go to Mecca as then they can
be called Hadji and wear a white turban and their
fellow Muslims respect them.
5.
St Mohammed et nan napateg ay mamadton di Muslim.
Saudi Arabia is rich in petroleum from which

comes kerosene, gasoline and other products.
There is a wide desert area that is dry where
plants cannot grow.
The capital of Saudi Arabia is Riyadh and
the population is 8,367,000.
25
Europe
kangatowan ay apon di am-in ay
ICatoliko. Ado nan om-omey id Roma
to mabindisyonanda isnan Pope. Nan
kadakkelan ay simbaan isnan batawa
ay nan Basilica ay St. Peter et wada
isdi.
Isnan mapa et wada nan continent

ay Europe. Nan tap-in di ill id Europe
at Spain, France, Great Britain,
Germany, Greece ya Italy. Id Italy nan
kad-an nan kapatgan ay siudad ay
Roma ay kad-an di Pope ay
Europe
The continent of Europe is also on the map.
Some of the countries in Europe are Spain,
France, Great Britain, Germany, Greece and
Italy. Italy is the location of the important city,
Rome, where the Pope, the leader of all Catholics,

lives. Many people go to Rome to be blessed by
the Pope. The Basilica of St. Peter, the largest
church in the world, is there.
26
Africa
193
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-r
UGANDA
Equator
r 1l
19
AllantloOcean
MALAWI
COMOROS
IJY
T
1
2
3
4
5
TOGO
BENIN
BURKINA FASO
COTE D' IVOIRE
GHANA
6 CAMEROON
7 GABON
8 CONGO
9 EQUATORIAL GUINEA
10 SAO TOME & PRINCIPE
11 RWANDA
12 BURUNDI
O
ITIUS
H)ZAMBIQUE
ZIMBABWE
SWAZILAND
BOTSWANA
LESOTHO
Indian Ocean
27
Africa
Isnan naay mapa et maila nan
dakkel ay continent ay Africa ay sigod
ay naknakwani en "The Dark
Continent".
Nan linya isnan mapa ay
naitotongo isnan (0) zero degree et
siya nan mangipaila isnan kad-an di
makwani en equator. Nan isnan
amyanan di equator et daida nan
makwani en Northern Hemisphere dat
isnan abagatan et daida abes nan
Southern Hemisphere. Wadada nan
il-ili id Africa ay naisasag-en isnan
equator isonga menpoos ya mentedek
isdi ay kaneg nan Pilipinas. Nan it-ili
ay naisasag-en isnan equator et daida
nan mangsasagang isnan agew isonga

menpoos ya ado nan odan ken daida.
Wada abes nan daga id Africa ay
pilmi ay maaango ay makwani en
Sahara Desert ay kadakkelan ay desert
isnan batawa. Maid makatobo isnan
desert thy sagpaminsan ay omodan.
Nan Sahara Desert et nasakop nan
Algeria, Libya ya Egypt. Nan
menkatagon nan tolo ay ili ay naayda
et menpaspastol ya nan petroleum ay
wada ken daida.
Nan abes kaandowan ay ginawang
isnan batawa et nan Ginawang ay Nile
ay wada id Africa.
Africa
On this map is located the large continent of
Africa, formerly called "The Dark Continent".
The line on the map that is in-line with 0
degrees shows the location of the equator. The
countries that are north of the equator are in the
Northern Hemisphere and those south are in the
Southern Hemisphere. There are countries in
Africa that are near the equator so their climate
is like that of the Philippines. The countries that
are near the equator face the sun so they are warm
and have heavy rainfall.
The Sahara Desert, the largest desert in the
world, is located in Africa and is very dry. No
plants can grow in such land for it seldom rains.
The Sahara Desert is in the countries of Algeria,
Libya and Egypt. Livelihood in these three
countries comes from herding and petroleum.
The longest river, which is the Nile River, is
in Africa.
28
Nan Maipanggep nen Batawa
29
America
No magapo tako id Europe ya

Africa datakot gomdang isnan Baybay
ay Atlantic et omdan tako id America.
Nan damo ay nanggedang isnan naay
baybay ay inomdan id America et din
si Leif Ericson ngem egay inkaskason
nan ipogaw id Europe nan panggep
nan naay.
Mabaybayag pay dat abes
gedangen Christopher Columbus nan
Baybay ay Atlantic isdin 1492 et
omdan isnan dagan di Hispaniola ay id
wani et makwani en Dominican
Republic.
Dowa nan continent isdi ay
makwani en North ya South America.
Nan Americano ay getken tako id isna
Pilipinas et nan ilida et nan United
States isnan North America,
Nan dakkel ay daga isnan mapa et
nan makwani en North America. Polo
ay nasyon isdi et daida nan Canada,

nan United States ya Mexico.
Id kasin et nan United States ya
nan Canada et itoltolayan nan alin di
Britain daida ngem isdin 1776 dat
ilaban nan United States nan
wayawayada. Nan Canada et egayda
nakilaban ngem id wani et sin-gayyem
nan iCanada ya nan iyUnited States.
Canada nan maikadwa ay
kadakkelan ay ili isnan batawa.
Kedkedeng nan Russia is dakdak-e mo
nan Canada. Nan Canada nan kad-an
nan kaandowan ay benget di baybay
isnan batawa. Kaadowan isnan dagan
nan Canada et mabayag nan
pinagtedek tay naiyaddawida isnan
equator. Nan capitalna et nan Ottawa
isnan probinsiyan di Ontario. English
nan kalida ngem wadada nan menkali
is French gedan tay nan damo ay
nintee isdi et nagapo id France.
America
If we start in Europe or Africa and cross the

Atlantic Ocean, we arrive in America. The first
one to cross the ocean and reach America was Leif
Ericson, but the people of Europe did not pay any
attention to this.
After some time, in 1492, Christopher
Columbus crossed the Atlantic Ocean and reached
the land of Hispaniola now called the Dominican
Republic.
There are two continents which are North
and South America. The Americans we know here
in the Philippines are from the United States in
North America.
The large land on the map is North America.
There are three countries: Canada, The United
States and Mexico.
Long ago the United States and Canada

were ruled by the king of Britain; but in 1776 the
United States fought for freedom. Even though
Canada did not join in the fight, the people of
Canada and the United States are friends.
Canada is the second largest country in the
world. Only Russia is larger than Canada. Canada
has one of the longest coastlines in the world.
Many parts of Canada have a long cold season
because they are far from the equator. The capital
is Ottawa, in the province of Ontario. English is
the main language, but there are some who speak
French because the first settlers came from
France.
There are fifty areas called states that make
up the United States. The largest state is Alaska
30
Limampoo ay it-ili ay makwani en

states nan mangbokel isnan United
States. Nan kadakkelan ay state et id
Alaska ya nan kaban-egan et Rhode
Island. Nan kangatowan ay bilig nan
United States et nan Bilig ay McKinley
ay 6,194 ay metro nan kaat-atakdagna.
Nan capitalna et Washington D.0 ya
isdi nan mentetean nan presidenti.
Europe nan nagapowan nan kap-owan
di kaadowan ay iyUnited States. Ado
ay kali nan kalin di kap-owanda ngem
id wani et English nan kapatgan ay

kalida.
Mexico nan maikatlo ay Ili isnan
North America. Id kasin et intolayan
di Espanyol daida ay kaneg gedan din
nintolayanda isnan Filipinas. bean
deey ay timpo et wada nan bapol di
Espanyol ay magapgapo id Mexico ay
omali isnan Filipinas isonga nan
ballogo tako et nagapo id Mexico ya
nan manggada abes et nagapo isnan
Filipinas. Mexico City nan capitalna ya
Espanyol nan kapatgan ay kalida.
and the smallest is Rhode Island. The highest

mountain in the United States is Mt. McKinley,
which is 6,194 meters in height. The capital is
Washington D.C., where the president lives. The
ancestors of many of the people in the United
States originally came from Europe. Their
ancestors spoke many different languages, but
now English is the main language.
Mexico is the third country in North

America. Long-ago the Spanish ruled just as they
ruled the Philippines. During that time there were
Spanish ships that went from Mexico to the
Philippines, thus our corn originated from Mexico
and their mangoes originated from the
Philippines. Mexico City is the capital of Mexico,
and Spanish is the main language.
Nan Maipanggep win Batawa
31
32
Central and South America
ITI
DOMINICAN MIMIC
C)-- PUERTO
nco
1 BELIZE
2 GUATEMALA
4
5
6
7
NICARAGUA
COSTA RICA
PANAMA
COLOMBIA
8 ECUADOR
9 CHILE
10 URUGUAY
11 PARAGUAY
12 BOLIVIA
13 VENEZUELA
14 GUYANA
13 SURINAM
16 PREECE GUIANA
Pacific Ocean
s Aires
Atlantic Ocean
1500
Kilometers
3000

Nan betaay di North America ya
nan South America et siya nan
makwani en Central America. Nan
isnan Central America et nan
Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El
Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rico ya
Panama.
Isnan Panama et wada nan dakkel
ay ketang ay sinapon di Americano id
kasin ay mendaanan di bapol ay
diletso ay omey isnan baybay ay
Pacific ay magapo isnan baybay ay
Atlantic. Isnan egay nasapowan nan
ketang di Panama addaaddawi nan
madaan tay masapol ay menliwes nan
bapol id South America no magapoda
isnan Baybay ay Atlantic ay menpaey
isnan Baybay ay Pacific.
Nan dakkel ay daga isnan gowab
di mapa et nan South America. Ado
nan isnan South America. Nan
kadakkelan et nan Brazil. Nan kalida
isdi et Portuguese ngem ado gedan
nan tap-in di kalin di ipogaw ay
The narrow land between South America

and North America is Central America. The
countries of Central America are Guatemala,
Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa
Rica and Panama.
In Panama there is a large canal built by the
Americans a long time ago where ships can pass
directly from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific
Ocean. Before the Panama Canal was built, the
ships had to go around South America when they
went from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
and it was very far.
The large land at the bottom of the map is
South America. There are many countries there.
The largest is Brazil. Their language is
Portuguese, but there are many other languages
spoken by people living in the forest near the
33
mentetee isnan pagpag isnan sag-en
nan dakkel ay Ginawang ay Amazon.
Siya na nan maikadwa ay kaandowan
ay ginawang isnan batawa.
Nan tap-in di it-ili ay nan
Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru,
Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay ya
Argentina et Espanyol nan kalin di
kaadowan ay ipogaw is dadi. Kanegda
datako id isna Pilipinas thy nan damo
ay iyEurope ay inmey ken daida et nan
Espanyol. Nan ipogaw is dana et
intolayan nan Espanyol ngem isnan
nabayag dadat labanen nan Espanyol
et wasdinda et nawaya. Wada nan tolo
gedan ay ili isdi ay nan Guyana,
Suriname ya French Guiana ngem
baken Espanyol nan kalida.
Nan kapatgan ay nang-itakdeg
ken daida id South America et si
Simon Bolivar. Siya nan esa ay
nang-ipangolo isonga nangabakda
isnan nanglabananda isnan Espanyol.
Amazon River. This is the second longest river in

the world.
The other countries in South America are
Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile,
Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina.
Spanish is the language of most of the people. The
first people from Europe to go South America were
the Spanish, as here in the Philippines. The people
were ruled by the Spanish, but after a long time,
they fought them and each country became
independent. There are three countries, Guyana,
Suriname and French Guiana, whose language is
not Spanish.
A famous person who represented the people
in South America was Simon Bolivar. He was one
of their leaders when they fought and won against
the Spanish.
34
35
Nan Mapan di Batawa
Nan naay mapa et siya nan mapan

di am-in ay it-ili isnan batawa. Nan
batawa et dakedake. No pasyalen tako
nan batawa et 40,000 ay kilometro nan
kaan-andon di mabiyahi.
Wada nan enem ay makwani en
continent isnan batawa. Daida nan
Asia, Africa, Australia, North America,
South America ya Europe. Nan
Filipinas et wada isnan continent di
Asia.
Nan baybay et an-anawa nw nen

dap isnan batawa. Epat nan
kadakkelan ay baybay isnan batawa et
daida nan Baybay ay Arctic, Baybay ay
Atlantic, Baybay ay Pacific ya nan
Baybay ay Indian.
Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isnan
batawa isdin 1980 et omey ay
4,332,000,000.
Map of the World

This map is the map of all the countries in
the world. The world is very large. If we would
travel around the world, we would travel 40,000
kilometers.
There are six continents in the world. They
are Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South
America and Europe. The Philippines is in the
continent of Asia.
The sea is broader than the land area on

earth. The four largest oceans in the world are the
Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific
Ocean and the Indian Ocean.
The population in the world in 1980 was
4,992,000,000.
36

NAN MAIPANGGEP EWAN BATAWA TARO
Nan Manggetkan Tako ay Nabobolin Nan Batawa
Id sangadom et ipagalop nan

ipogaw en nan batawa et kaneg palato.
Nan wads isnan nemnemda et no
mendaan nan ipogaw isnan bengetna
et maekdagda, ngem getken tako id
wani ay nan batawa et nabobolin ay
kaneg bola.
Nan damo ay nanggetkan tab en
nabobolin nan batawa et isdin
nangliwesan da Ferdinand Magellan
isnan batawa. Ninlobwatda id Spain et
idaanda isnan Baybay ay Atlantic et
inliwesda id South America dat omey
isnan Baybay ay Pacific esadapay
omdan isnan Pilipinas. Ngem idi
inomdanda id Mactan dat pateyen
Lapulapu ay datu id Cebu si Magellan.

flat kayet itoloy nan iib-an Magellan et
idaanda isnan Baybay ay Indian dadat
omdan kasin isnan Baybay ay Atlantic
et somagongda id Spain.
Siya di nan nangtekan di ipogaw
en nabobolin nan batawa tay mabalin
ay menbibiyahi isnan makinlaod dat
omanono et datngana kasin nan log-al
ay ninlobwatana.
Nan ninlogan isnan makwani en
rocket ay inmey isnan bowan isdin
Disyembre 1968 et inosdonganda nan
batawa et kananda en kaneg dakedake
ay bola nan ilana.
How we Know that the World Is Round
Long ago the people thought the world was

like a plate so, they said, if a person walked to the
edge he would fall off, but now we know that the
world is round like a ball.
We learned the world was round when
Ferdinand Magellan and his crew sailed around
the world. They started from Spain, sailed the
Atlantic Ocean and around South America to the
Pacific Ocean before they reached the Philippines.
But when they reached Mactan in the Philippines,
Lapulapu, the chief of Cebu, killed Magellan. The
crew of Magellan continued on, sailed the Indian
Ocean, reached the Atlantic Ocean and returned

to Spain.
That is bow the people knew the world was
round, because it was possible to travel from the
west and eventually arrive again at the starting
place.
Those who rode in the rocket that went to
the moon in December 1968 looked down and saw
the world and they said it looked like a very large
ball.
38
110' Mount Everest
Mount Ararat
Kaadaem di baybay
39

Nan Kaat atakdag nan Bilblibig ya nan Baad adaem nan Baybay
-
Nan kaatakdagan ay bilig id isna

Pilipinas et nan Mount Apo id Davao.
Nan pay abes kaatakdagan ay bilig
isnan batawa et nan Mount Everest id
Nepal. Isnan naay liklato et maila nan
kaatakdag nan Mount Apo isnan
kaat-atakdag nan Mount Everest. Nan
Mount Everest et 9,000 ay metro nan
kaat-atakdagna dapay nan Mount Apo
et 3,000 ay metro et kedeng.
Atakdag gedan nan Mount Ararat
id Turkey. Nan kaatakdagna et 6,000
ay metro. Id Mount Ararat nan

sinmaldengan nan bapol Noah isdin
naatikan di danom isdin napsongan
nan batawa.
Wadada nan nanglokod isnan
kaad-adaem nan kaadaeman di baybay.
Nan Philippine Trench ay asag-en
isnan Pilipmea et 10,539 ay metro.
Maila tako ay wada nan ad-adaem pay
gayam isnan baybay mo nan
kaatakdagan ay bilig.
The Height of the Mountains and the Depth of the Seas

.
The highest mountain in the Philippines is

Mt. Apo in Davao. The highest mountain in the
world is Mt. Everest in Nepal. In this picture the
height of Mt. Apo is compared to the height of Mt.
Everest. Mt. Everest is 9,000 meters and Mt. Apo
is only 3,000 meters.
Mt. Ararat in Turkey is also high. It's height
is 6,000 meters. Mt. Ararat is where the ark of
Noah stopped when the water subsided when the

world was flooded.
There were those who have measured the
deepest part of the sea. The Philippine Trench,
which is near the Philippines, measured 10,539
meters We can see there are even deeper seas
than the highest mountain is high.
40
41

Natkenatken nan Pow ya Tedek isnan Railiitt titan Batawa.
Maila isnan naay mapa ay
wadada nan ili ay kanayon ay
mentedek. Wadada abes nan ili ay
kanayon ay menpoos ay kaneg nan
Pilipinas. Wadada gedan nan ili ay
mensinsinokat nan poos ya tedek.
Nan ikakan di bab-aey gedan et
natkenatken isnan wasdin ili. Nan
Eskimo id North America et nan
makwani en snow nan isapoda is
baeyda isnan pinagtedek thy maid

kak-aiw isdi gapo isnan pilmi ay tedek.
Nan baey ay snow et siya nan
makwani en igloo. Isnan timpo ay
mangagew et malonag nan baeyda
ngem baleen naligat ken daida tay
nalaka nan kasinda somapowan is
baey no kasin tomedek. Isnan
pomoosana ay mangagew et kodil di
animal nan sapowenda is bawida.
The Different Climates in the World

This map shows there are countries that are
always cold. Them are also countries that are
always hot like the Philippines. There are also
countries that have both hot and cold climates.
The houses in each country are also
different. The Eskimos in North America make
their houses out of snow during the cold season
since there are no trees because of the very cold

climate. A snow house is called an igloo. During
the warm season the houses melt, but it is not a
hardship for the people because they can easily
make another one when it gets cold again. During
warm season when there is sunshine they make
temporary houses out of animal skins.
42
Nan mentetee isnan kanayon

ay menpoos et baken palipaliso
gedan nan bab-aeyda. Mafia Tana
nan inatep ay baey di Igorot ya nan
baey di Tausug id Mindanao ay
wada isnan benget di baybay.
Those living in warm climates do not have Igorot house and a Tausug house on the coast of
the same kind of houses. Pictured here are an Mindanao.
43
Id Malaysia et nan ipogaw ay

makwani en Sakai et isnan atakdag
ay kak-aiw nan kad-an di bab-aeyda.
Id Peru isnan South America

ay sag-en di Ginawang ay Amazon
et aped bawl nan saadenda ay
baeyda tay kanayon ay meripoos
dapay maid lemlem isdi.
In Malaysia, the Sakai people build their

houses in tall trees.
In Peru, South America, near the Amazon

River, they build temporary houses because it is
always warm and there are no typhoons them.
44
Id Africa wadada nan baban-eg

ay ipogaw ay makwani en Pygmy.
Bawi gedan nan baeyda dadat
atepan is ananwa ay tobon di kaiw.
Wadada gedan id Africa nan

mangsaad is baeyda ay kaneg nan
inatep ay baey.
. In Africa there are very small people called

Pygmies. Their houses are also temporary, with
roofs made from wide leaves of trees
There are people in Africa who build houses

similiar to an Igorot house.
45
Id United States ya id Canada et masapol ay makneg nan bab-aeyda

wada nan sakopna ay pilmi nan pool tapno nalaka ay papoosenda isnan
ya wada abes nan sakopna ay pilmi pinagtedek.
nan tedek. Gapo isnan naay et
In the United States and Canada there are sturdy so they can be easily heated during cold
regions that are very warm and regions that are season.
very cold. Because of this, the houses must be
46
Wadada gedan nan North

American Indian id United States et
taken abes nan bab-aeyda. Nan
makwani en Navajo Indian et kaiw ya
Iota nan isaadda is baeyda. Nan atep

ya diding nan baeyda et mensede tay
wada nan timpo ay pilmi nan tedek.
There are also North American Indians in their houses. The roof and walls of their houses
the United States and they have different houses. are thick because there are times when it is very
The Navajo Indians use wood and dirt to build cold.

47
Nan pay abes makwani en Pueblo naisapo isonga maknemakneg nan

Indian et nan sapowenda is baeyda et bab-aeyda.
nan makwani en brick ay pitek nan
The Pueblo Indians build their houses out of bricks made of mud, so their houses are very
sturdy.
48
iiiiiiIIItLca _t
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itea ri
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ow
1.1111 linne
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119
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-
1111,11
Isnan dadadakke ay siudad et

wadada nan dadakke ya atakdag ay
bab-aey. Nan naayda ay baey et
siminto ya landok nan nasapo. Wadada
nan opisina, tindaan ya nan mentetean

di ipogaw gedan. Ado nan kaneg tona
ay bab-aey id Makati isnan Pilipinas.
In large cities there are large, tall buildings.

These buildings are made of cement and iron.
There are offices, stores and dwellings. There are
many buildings like this in Maksti in the

Philippines.
49
Nan !Satan Tako
Nan Maipanggep Nan Science
Nan mail-ila isnan daya ay kanan

tako en agew et isnan kinatet-swan et
talaw. Nan talaw et dakedake ay apoy
ay nabobolin id daya ya nan menpoos
ay apoyna nan mangpasisilang. Gapo
thy nan agew nan kedkedeng ay talaw
ay naisasag-en isnan batawa isonga
kaneg bola nan ilana. Am-in nan
tap-in di talaw et addawida isonga
kanegda aped menkimkimbit ay silaw.
Olay no nan agew nan talaw ay
kaaasag-enan isnan batawa et

addaaddawi kayet. Naiyoosto nan
kaad-addawina tapno nan poosna et
ostoosto ta adi tako maatongan ya ta
adi tako komenteg is tedek. Am-in ay
maisag-en isnan agew et bomtak
wenno malonag.
Nan agew nan mang-ited is pat-a.
Maid tomobo wenno matago isnan
batawa no maid nan pat-a ya poos di
agew.
About Science
The sun that we see in the sky is actually a
star. A star is a large, round fire ball and the hot
fire makes it shine. Because the sun is the only
star near the earth, it looks like a ball. All the
other stars are far away so they look like flickering
lights.
Even though the sun is the star nearest the
earth, it is still very far away. It is exactly the

right distance away so we are not burned by its
heat and we will not freeze from the cold.
Anything that goes too near the sun either
explodes or melts.
The sun gives light. Nothing would grow or
live on earth if the sun did not give light and heat.
50
Nan Mai an
nan Batawa
Nan Batawa tako
Men-giwgiwed nan Batawa
Gapo tay nan batawa ay

mentetean tako et dakedake, adi tako
malikna wenno maila nan
men-giwgiwedana.
Wada nan tolo ay ikkan nan
batawa isnan men-giwgiwedana. Nan
omona et kaneg dayet is
menpolpoliwekwek. Nan maikadwa et
liwesena nan agew. Nan maikatlo et
isnan menpolpoliwekwekana ay
mangliwes isnan agew et
makigiwgiwed gedan isnan agew ya
nan tap-in di wada id daya.
Nan esay poliwes nan batawa et
esay agew ya esay labi. Kag-aw no nan
tean tako et sasagangena nan agew
dapay abes labi no nan tean tako nan

mangdodokog isnan agew.
Nan esay menliwesan nan batawa
isnan agew et esay tew-en.
Isnan mangliwliwesan nan batawa
isnan agew et menpilpiling ay kaneg
dayet et siya nan gapo ay nateketeken
nan timpo isnan batawa. Tay isnan
menpilpilingana et no mamingsan
maisag-en nan odona ay kad-an di
Northern Hemisphere isnan agew dat
pomoos dapay tomedek nan gowabna
ay kad-an di Southern Hemisphere.
Dat no pay abes nan gowabna nan
maisag-en dat siya abes nan pomoos
dapay tomedek nan odona.
The Earth Moves

Because the earth we live on is very large,
we do not feel or see that it is moving.
The earth is constantly moving in three
ways. The first is, it revolves like a top. The second
is, it rotates around the sun. The third is, as it
spins and revolves around the sun, it is also
moving with the sun and the other planets in the
sky.
One revolution of the earth makes up one
day and one night. It is daytime when the place
we live is facing the sun and it is night when the

place we live has it's back to the sun.
One revolution of the earth around the sun
takes one year
As the earth revolves around the sun, it
slants like a top and this causes the different
seasons. As it slants, sometimes the Northern
Hemisphere is near the sun and it becomes warm,
and the bottom where the Southern Hemisphere
is gets cold. And when the bottom is near the sun
it becomes warm and the other end becomes cold.

Wada abes nan mang-ipapakod
isnan batawa ay adi kaiiin tay no maid
nan mang-ipapakod et maiyaddawi nan
batawa isnan agew. Nan naay ay
mang-ipapakod nan gapo gedan ay adi
komak-aan nan bowan ya nan tap-ida
isnan menteteanda. Nan ngadan nan
naay ay mang-ipapakod et nan
makwani en "gravity". Nan gravity et
siya nan mang-ipapakod to adi
There is something unseen that holds the

earth in place, for if nothing held the earth, it
would fall away from the sun. For the same reason
the moon and the planets do not move from their
places. The name of that which is holding them is
"gravity". Gravity is also what holds everything
51
kaekdag nan kompolni isnan batawa.
Kaspangaligan, kaneg nan bola ay
napalongan is lobid ay no gegen-an di
ipogaw danat ipapoliwes isnan ngaton
di toktokna et aped menliwliwes ngem
adi maekdag nan bola thy gegen-ana
nan lobid ay mang-ipapakod isnan bola
ay kaneg nan mang-ipapakodan nan
gravity isnan batawa.
so nothing can fall from the earth. For example,

when a ball attached to a string is twirled over a
person's head, the ball just goes around and does
not fall, for the string is holding it like gravity
holds the earth as it goes around.
52
Nan Batawa Ya Nan Bowan

Maila isnan naay liklato nan
bomanban-eg. Ngem adi menbalbaliw
kadakdak-en nan bowan ya nan
nan kadakdak-en nan bowan nodi nan
kanegna isnan batawa ay tean tako.
kinatet-ewana et baken am-in nan
Nan bowan et menliwes isnan
awak di bowan is kanayon ay it-ilaen
batawa ay maminsan isnan esay bowan.
tako Nan mail-ila tako et kedeng et
No ilaen tako nan bowan isnan
nan paltina ay mang-ipasagong isnan
labi et maila ay kaneg menpapaey
silaw di agew ken datako. Kanegna
isnan laod ngem nan kinatet-ewana et
nan salming ay no masisilawan dat
malmallos isnan bangilna ay nan
malinangan gedan nan maisag-en.
makindaya. Nan gapo ay kaneg
Mamin epat ay menbalbaliw nan
om-omey isnan laod et gapo isnan
bowan isnan binowan. No am-in nan
menpolpoliwekwekan nan batawa.
awak di bowan nan mang-ipasagong
Nan kail-an nan bowan pay et
isnan silaw di agew et siya nan teke ay
kaneg domakdak-e dat kasin
makwani en "full moon".
The Earth and the Moon

This picture compares the size of the moon
to the earth where we live
The moon circles the earth once a month.
When we look at the moon at night, it seems
as though it is going west, but in fact, it is going
east The reason it seems to be going towards the
west is because of the revolving of the earth.
The moon appears to become larger and
.
smaller, but in fact the size does not really change,

but rather we do not always see the whole body
of the moon. All that we see is the part that the
light of the sun reflects back to us. It is like when
a mirror is illuminated and what is near to it is
also lighted up. The moon changes four times
every month. If the whole body of the moon
reflects the light of the sun it is called "full moon".
63
Nan Batawa tako
Nan Bowan nan Kaaasag-enan Tenn Batawa Tako

Isnan am-in ay wada id daya et
Nan kaad-addawin nan bowan
nan bowan nan kaaasag-enan isnan
isnan batawa et paliso no liwesen tako
batawa ay tean tako.
ay maminsimpoo nan batawa.
Bowan
The Moon is Nearest to the Earth

Of all that is in the sky, the moon is the The distance of the moon from the earth is
nearest to the world where we live.
equal to ten times the distance ground the earth.
54

Nan Batawa 'Falco
Nan Bowan
Nan Bowan
Nan Pfflpinas
55

Nan Wada Isnan Bowan
Nan kail-an nan bowan et kaneg

nabobolin ay menpolaw ya
mensilsileng ya nalatelatekan is ngitit.
Kaneg maid kalkalombategna no basta
iilaen ngem no ilaen isnan makwani
en telescope et nakalokalombateg ya
nalokalokawan ya wada pay nan
tengey ya bilbiligna. Maid pay danom
ya dagemna ay masapol di ipogaw
isnan men-angesanda ya maid
makatobo tay pilmi ay naaango isonga

maid mentetee isdi.
Isnan liklato et maila ay
banban-eg nan bowan mo nan batawa
tako. No lokoden tako nan
kaan-anawan di bowan et kaneg nan
doblin nan kaan-andon nan iiitako ay
Pilipinas.
What is on the Moon
The moon is round, white and glittering with

black spots. It does not appear rugged to look at,
but when it is viewed through a telescope it is
rugged with holes, cliffs and mountains. It does
not have water or air that people need to breathe,
and because it is very dry nothing grows and

nothing can live there.
The picture shows that the moon is smaller
than the earth. If we measure the width of the
moon, it is twice the length of our country, the
Philippines.
56
Malingban di batawa
Nan Batawa take
\\ v"\\\Bowan
Lomaosan di bowel'
Nan Makwani en "Eclipse"

No nan esa isnan tap-in di batawa
et lomaos isnan sagang nan esa danat
lingban nan pat-an nan agew dat nan
nalaosan ay mangsasagang isnan agew
et bomolinget. Nan deey ay
bomolingetana nan makwani en
eclipse.
No nan naay batawa ay kad-an

tako nan lomaos isnan betaay di agew
ya nan bowan et malingban nan
bowan gapo isnan alin-ew nan batawa
isonga adi kaila nan bowan. Siya di
nan makwani en eclipse di bowan. No
mamingsan isnan mangliwesan di
An Eclipse
When one planet passes in front of another,
it obscures the light from the sun and it becomes
dark. That darkening is called an eclipse.
If the earth where we live passes between
the sun and the moon, the moon is shaded because

of the shadow of the earth so the moon cannot be
seen. That is called an eclipse of the moon. If while
the moon is revolving around the earth there is a
57
bowan isnan batawa et wada nan

maitimpo ay lingbana nan pat-an di
agew ay mangsisilaw ken datako daet
adi tako maila et nan agew tay
bomolinget. Siya di nan makwani en

eclipse di agew. Nan eclipse di agew et
siawyan et kedeng daet pomat-a kasin
tay itoloy nan bowan ay mallos.
time that it obscures the light of the sun, then we

can no longer see the sun because it is obscured.
That is what is called an eclipse of the sun. The
eclipse of the sun is for just a short time, then it

shines again as the moon continues to move on.
58
Nan Kadakdak-en Di Agew Isnan Tap-in Di Batawa Ay Makwani En Planeta.
59
Nan Kadakdak-en Di Agew Isnan Tap-in Di Batawa Ay Makwani En

Planet a.
Nan siyam ay mangliwliwes isnan

agew et daida nan makwani en
planeta. Nan naayda ay planeta et
natkenatken nan kadakdak-eda. Nan
batawa tako nan esa isnan naayda ay
planeta.
Nan agew et dakedake. Olay no
mapos-a nan siyam ay planeta et
teeteen kayet mo nan agew. No
kaytenyo ay getken nan kaneg nan
kadakdak-en di agew et nemnemenyo
pod nan kaneg nan kadakdak-en nan
baey isnan kadakdak-en di koton. Siya
di nan kaneg nan kadakdak-en di
batawa isnan agew.
Nan kaban-egan isnan am-in ay
planeta et nan kaaasag-enan isnan
agew ay nan makwani en Mercury.
Pilmi ay menpoos isdi.
Nan pay abes planeta ay
kaaadawiyan isnan agew et nan Pluto.

Gapo tay addaaddawi isnan agew et
pilmi nan tedekna isonga komekenteg
am-in ay wada isdi.
Nan Jupiter pay abes nan
kadakkelan isnan siyam ay planeta.
Kalibolibo nan kadakdak-ena mo nan
batawa tako.
Nan kabegewan pay et nan Saturn
tay wada nan kanegna singsing ay
mangpapabegew isnan ilana.
Nan Venus nan kapat-aan isnan
planeta ya kaaasag-enan isnan batawa
tako ya paliso nan kadakdak-eda.
Nan pay batawa tako et siya nan
maikatlo ay planeta menlogi isnan
agew. Ostoosto nan kad-ana tay baken
pilmi ay asag-en ta maatongan tako
wenno addaaddawi ta matey tako is
tedek.
The She of the Sun Compared to the Other Planets.

The nine bodies that revolve around the sun
are planets. These planets are different sizes. The
earth is one of the planets.
The sun is very large. Even if all the planets
were joined together, they would still be smaller
than the sun. If you want to know how big the
sun is, think of the size of a large house compared
to an ant. That is like the size of the earth
compared to the sun.
The smallest of all the planets is Mercury
and it is closest to the sun. It is very hot there.
The planet that is farthest from the sun is
Pluto. Because of its great distance from the sun,

it is very cold so everything on it is frozen.
Jupiter is the largest of the nine planets. It
is many thousand times larger than the earth.
The most beautiful planet is Saturn, for it
has what looks like a ring that makes it beautiful
to see.
Venus is the brightest planet and is closest
to the earth and is the same size as the earth.
The earth is the third planet from the sun.
The placement is just right because it is not so
near that we get burned nor is it so far that we
would die of the cold.
60
Nan Magapowan Di Odan

Waay tolo ay pagkap-at isnan
et nan liboo ay nasapo isnan lengaew
batawa ay than tako et danom. Gawis
ay wada nan anat-ik ay danomna et
di tapno kanayon ay wada nan kaneg
domakdakkel ya domagdagsen gapo
lengaew ay magapo isnan ginawang,
isnan tedek nan daya enggana ay adi
posong ya baybay et siya nan menbalin
et maawit nan dagem isonga daet
is liboo. Adi kaila nan lengaew ay naay
maekdag san anat-ik ay danomna et
isnan magapowanda isnan danom
siya nan kanan tako en odan. Nan
enggana ay tomikid dat tomedek et
danom ay nagapo isnan odan et no
menbalin is liboo.
pomoos et menbalin kasin is lengaew
Nan liboo et mamakkeyda isnan
dat somagong id ngato et menbalin ay
dagem ya no mamingsan pay et itayaw
liboo kasin. Siya di nan masapsapowan
nan dagem ay mang-ipangato isnan
di odan.
kad-an di mentedek ay dagem. Dat isdi
Where Rain Originates
About three fourths of the earth where we

live is water. This is good because vapor is
continually coming from the rivers, lakes and seas
and forming clouds. The vapor is invisible when
it rises from the water until it goes up high and
cools and gathers into a cloud.
Clouds move with the wind and sometimes
the wind carries them up where colder wind's are.
There, the clouds that were made from vapor and
small amounts of water become larger and heavier

because of how cold it is up high and when the
wind can no longer carry the clouds and small
drops of water fall to the ground, that is what we
call rain. When the water that comes from rain
warms it becomes vapor again and goes up and
forms into a cloud again. This is the rain making
cycle.
61
Nan Gape Ay Mendalalo

Wada nan odan ay no maekdag
ay mang-ipangato. Et no mamin ado
dat sikpawen nan dagem et kasina
ay ikkana na et domakdakdak-e
ipangato isnan kad-an nan matedtedek
enggana ay adi et maitayaw nan
kayet ay dagem isonga komenteg. Dat
dagem tay mendageen dat maekdag et
kasin matekdag tay mendagsen dat
isnan Iota ay komokenteg. Siya na nan
maitapi nan tap-in di odan ay
makwani en dalalo.
komenteg dat kasin itayaw nan dagem
The Reason It Halls
Sometimes rain drops freeze if the wind has

carried them up where the air is very cold. Then
they fall again because they are heavy, but more
rain freezes to them and again the wind blows
them back up. When this happens many times
they get bigger, until the wind can no longer force

them up because they are heavy and then they fall
to the ground unmelted. That is called hail.
62
Nan Kimat Ya Nan Kido
Nan kasanilaw isnan daya ay Ilan

tako esapay menkido et siya nan
kimat. Et nan kimat nan mang-ipakido.
No maboliw san liboon di odan et
kakakanimat isnan kad-an di liboo et
enggana ay omdan isnan Iota. Nan
kimat et pilmi ay men-atong et no
omdan isnan kad-an di mentedek ay
dagem dat maboliw nan napigsa ay
kaligong et siya nan makwani en kido.
Paliso nan kimat ya kido thy nan kido

et kaligong di kimat et kedeng ngem
kaneg adi men-giddan nan kimat ya
nan kido tay nan kaligong et
mabaybayag nan mendaanana mo nan
silaw. Nan menpangasilawan di kimat
et maila ay dagos ya maikanayon ay
madnge nan kido no nan menkimatana
et pilmi ay naisasag-en ken datako.
Lightning and Thunder
The sudden flash of light that we see in the

sky before thunder is lightning. The lightning is
what causes the thunder.
When the rain clouds are formed, there are
frequent flashes of lightning in the clouds until
they reach the earth. Lightning is very hot so when
it reaches cold air it makes a loud noise and that
is called thunder. Lightning and thunder are
really one thing, thunder is just the sound of

lightning, but it seems like the lightning and
thunder do not take place at the same time
because sound travels slower than light. The
sudden flash of lightning can be seen immediately
and we also hear the thunder immediately when
lightning flashes very near us.
63
Dan Wada Nan Yegyeg

Isnan daem nan daga et pilmi ay
daem nan Iota ay makwani isnan
menpoos. Nan naay ay poos et
English en fault.
seseyatan di dadadadakke ay bato.
Nan esa ay gapon di yegyeg et no
Kagasogasot ay kilometro nan
waday dakkel is geday wenno bomtak
kasedsedena ya magagab-onan is Iota.
nan makwani en volcano ngem baken
Gapo isnan keg todi et adi
kapigpigsan nan magapo isnan betak
makakaan nan poos et no
isnan daem nan Iota. Ngem olay no
mabaybaybayag et amed pomoos.
keg todi et mabalin ay ado kayet nan
Isonga no mamingsan no pilmi nan
dadaelena.
poos et mabtak ya men-ginnasgas nan
Nan gapo ay kanayon ay
bato dat men-giwed nan Iota ay tean
menyegyeg isnan ili tako et tay nan
tako et siya di nan kanan tako en
Pilipinas et naisasag-en isnan
yegyeg. Mamingsan et napigsa ya
makwani en fault ay magapo id Alaska
omdan isnan ad-addawi ngem no
isnan North America et menpaali
mamingsan et nakapsot. Nan yegyeg et
isnan dagdaga isna.
magapo isnan betak san bato isnan
What Causes an Earthquake
Deep in the earth it is very hot. This heat is

held in by very large rock. The rock is hundreds
of kilometers thick and is covered with soil.
Because the heat cannot escape, as time
passes it becomes hotter and hotter. Therefore at
times when it is very hot the stone cracks, the
rocks rub together and the earth moves and that
is what we call an earthquake. Sometimes it is
strong and felt at a great distance, other times it
is weak. An earthquake comes from a crack,
called a fault, in a rock deep in the earth.
Earthquakes can also occur when there is a

large landslide or when a volcano erupts, but these
are not as strong as those caused by the cracks
deep in the earth. Even so, they can still cause
destruction.
The reason there are many earthquakes here
in our country is because the Philippines is near
a fault that stretches from Alaska in North
America to the Philippines.
64
1.11111111111114111
111.1
11
IVI .117111/1
Iti llairIMI
11t 10 , 1111111111
111r
11111.11
14
SI
Wier
seismograph record
65
Nan Manglokod Isnan Pigsan Di Yegyeg

Nan pigsan di yegyeg ya nan
malmallosana et natkenatken. Wada
nan palalokod di pigsan di yegyeg ay
mabalin ay mangipagtek isnan
kapigpigsana, nan ninlogiyana ya nan
kaad-addawin di omdanana. Nan naay
ay palalokod et nan makwani en
seismograph.
No adalenda nan inlistan nan
seismograph et magtekanda nan
nagapowana ya nan kapigpigsana.
Nomero 1 enggana ay 10 nan osalenda
ay lokod nan kapigpigsana. Nan
nomero 1 et nakapsot ya nan nomero
10 nan kapigsaan ngem enggana id

wani et egay pay laeng ninyegyegyeg is
nomero 10.
Mamin-ado ay menyegyeg isnan iii
tako ngem adi tako onay malikna tay
nakapsotda. Nan maliklikna tako et
kedeng nan deeyday napipigsa tay
isnan kinatet-ewana et tinawen ay
menyegyegyeg is waay 150,000 ay
yegyeg isnan batawa. Ad-ado nan
nakakapsot isonga adi tako malikna.
Menyegyeg isnan kompolni ay olas ya
wada pay nan taken ay ommat isnan
labaw nan Iota.
That Which Measures the Strength of an Earthquake

The strength of the movement of the earth
in an earthquake and how far it extends varies.
There is an instrument to measure an earthquake
which can tell its strength, where it began and
how far it reached. This instrument is Sled a
seismograph.
When people study what the seismograph
records, they learn the source and strength of an
earthquake. Numbers 1 to 10 are used to measure
the strength. Number 1 is weak and number 10
is the strongest, but until now there has never

been one that was number 10 strength.
Many times there are earthquakes in our
country which we do not feel because they are
weak. We only feel the stronger ones, but in fact
there are perhaps 150,000 earthquakes a year in
the world. There are many that are weak and
therefore we do not feel them An earthquake can
happen anytime and they can change the surface
of the ground.
66
Nan Mai an
flan Batawa
67
Nan Bilig Ay Menpabpabala Is Apoy Ya Asok
Isnan daem nan daga et wada

gedan nan bato ay adoado ay kilometro
nan kasedsedena. Dat isnan daem nan
menselelede ay bato et pilmi ay
menpoos. Pilmi nan poosna isonga
malonag pay nan bato et domanom ay
makwani en "molten rock".
Kanan nan makwani en scientist
ay mangad-adal isnan ikakan nan
batawa en id sangadom et pilmi nan
poos nan batawa ay kaneg nan poosna
isnan daem di daga id wani. Nallos pay
nan kalibolibo ay tew-en daet mabaew
na isonga dat maboliw nan bilbilig,
nan diyok, nan nadadata, ya nan
nadodontog ngem isnan daedaem nan
daga et daan kayet nan kad-an di

nalonag ay dinmanom ay bato ay
mapomapoos. Gapo isnan pilmi ay poos
ay nabayag ay adi makakaan et wada
nan mabtak ay bato. Isnan mabtakana
et men-asok ya siya nan somngawan
nan poos tay bomala nan
menbidbidang ay nalonag ay bato. Siya
na nan makwani en volcano.
Nan menbidbidang ay bato ay
bomala et siya nan makwani en "lava".
Nan lava no mabaew et menbalin ay
bato kasin.
Siya di nan tap-in di maipanggep nan batawa.
The Mountain that Emits Fire and Smoke
Thera is something else that can happen

because of that very thick rock deep in the land.
Remember that rock is very hat. It is so hot that
sometimes it melts and becomes watery and then
it is called "molten rock".
Scientists who study the earth say that a
very long time ago all the earth was very hot, like
the heat deep in the ground now. After thousands
of years it cooled off and the mountains, valleys,
plains and hills were formed, but very deep in the
earth there is still the melted stone that is very
hot. The extreme heat which has not escaped for

a long time can cause the stone to crack. Smoke
escapes from this crack which is also an outlet for
the heat and the melted flaming stone. This is an
erupting volcano.
The flaming stone that comes out is called
"lava". When the lava cools it becomes stone
again.
This is some information about the world.

About The Philippines

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Nan Maipariggep Nan Batawa

About The World

SUMMER INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTICS-Philippines, Inc.

We wish to express our appreciation to the Swedish International Development

Northern Kankanay Atlas

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Nan Mountain Province

We Igorots live in the municipalities of

stone-walled rice terraces. They are located in

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

mawayaanda isnan mangitotolayan di

Nan makwani ay island et daga ay naliliwee ia danom.

Spanish rule. After that the Americans governed

isnan Metro Manila ya nan Ginawang

Pasig River in Metro Manila and the Agusan and

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Since there is ocean between the 7,107

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

!LOCOS SURr 6X42 7) isA3ELA

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

farming and gardening, weaving and wood

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

ay volcano isnan batawa. Nan Iota isdi

nadadael ay pagpagey, oom-a, kak-aiw

Adoado nan baban-eg ay island

ipogaw isdi et mensidok ya mensama.

Albay near Legaspi City. It is the most perfectly

there was great destruction of rice fields, fields,

The major means of livelihood for the

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE

ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR

DAVAO DEL SUR

General Santos City

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

because the soil is fertile. The major crops there

gold, copper and coal mines.

Mt. Apo is located in Mindanao. It is the

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Phnom Pe* r Q PILIPINAS

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Nan Southeast Asia et sakopena

gobilnoda ay Malaysia, Indonesia ya

Nan Association of Southeast

menbinadangda gedan tapno mabalin

Nan damo ay ninmitinganda et id

The countries included in ASEAN are:

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Bangkok isnan Thailand isdin

Isdin 1987 nan ninsasab-atan nan

Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et

Thailand, when they signed the written

The leaders of these countries met in Manila

than 80% are farmers. There are many different

The population of Malaysia is 15,909,000

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa