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SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN FIT/FOC
SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN C
SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN HTML
SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN SQL
SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN WEB
PROGRAMMING
SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN JAVA

SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN FIT/FOC

Q1.Define Computer?
A. Device that computes especially a programmable electronic device.
Q2. Difference between Data and Information?
A. Collection of raw facts is Data. Processed Data is called Information.
Q3. Parts of CPU?
A. ALU,CU,MU.
Q4.What is Memory?
A. Amount of Storage you have in your computer.
Q5. Define OS?
A. It is a software program that enables the computer hardware to communicate and
operate with the computer software.
Q6.Ms-Dos Versions.
A. Dos 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.22, 7.1
Q7. What is a DOS Command?
A. It is an instruction to perform a specific task.
Q8. Name some Internal and External commands?
A. Copy Con, Delete, Copy, Cls,Rename, Check Disk, Date. Time Cls. Ver etc..
Q9. Name some Input Devices?
A. Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, Lightpen,Scanner etc.

Q10. Name some Output Devices?

A. Printer, Monitor, Speakers etc.
Q11. What is the extension of a Word file?
A. .doc
Q12. Name some editing features?
A. Cut, Copy, Paste, Undo, Redo, Find, Replace etc..
Q13. Name some layouts in word?
A. Normal, Web, Print etc
Q14.Types of alignments in word?
A. Left, Right, Center, Justify.
Q15.What is mail merge?
A. A common feature of a word processor, it uses a letter and a name and address list
in the letter.
Q16. What is Macro?
A.A macro is a way to automate a task that you perform repeatedly or on a regular
basis.
Q17. What is a table in word?
A. It is a combination of Rows and Columns.
Q18. What is spreadsheet?
A. It is a computer equivalent of a paper ledger sheet. It consists of a grid made of
Rows and Columns.
Q19. What is a cell?
A. An intersection of a row and a column.
Q20. What is Cell Reference?
A. It is a combination of row number and column name.
Q21.What is a workbook?
A. Collection of worksheets.
Q22. What is the extension of Excel?
A. .xls
Q23.What is Relative Cell Reference?
A.It is a basic cell reference that adjusts and changes the values when copied
across to the next cell.

Q24.What is Absolute Cell Reference?

A. It is a basic cell reference that remains the same when copied or when using Auto
fill.
Q25.Max no of rows and columns in Excel?
A. 256 Columns and 65536 Rows.
Q26.What is a function in Excel?
A. A self-contained software routine that performs a task.
Q27.What is a chart or a Graph?
A. It is a type of information that is represented in a graphical order.
Q28. Types of charts in Excel?
A. Bar, Line, Column, Pie, XY, Scatter etc..
Q29. What is goal-seek?
A. A method to find a specific value for a cell by adjusting the value of other
cell.
Q30. What is scenario?
A. A scenario is a set of values that Ms-Excel saves and can substitute
automatically in your worksheet.
Q31. What are filters in Excel?
A. Filters allow you to show rows of data based on the content of cells and
conditions applied to them.
Q32. What are the different types of filters in Ms-Excel?
A. 1. Auto Filters
2. Advanced Filters
Q33. What are validations?
A. You can use Excel Data Validation to prevent duplicate entries in a range on
the worksheet.
Q34. What is Auto format?
A.A software feature commonly found in Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel that
automatically changes the formatting or appearance of text
Q35. Define database?
A. A database is an integrated collection of logically-related records or files
consolidated into a common pool that provides data for one or more multiple uses.
Q36. Name the objects Ms-Access.

A. 1. Table 2. Query3. Forms4. Records5. Macro 6. Module

Q37. What are the different ways to create table in Ms-Access?
A. 1. By design view 2. By wizard 3. By entering data
Q38. What is key constraint?
A. A key constraints is a rule that define interrelations between tables and can
check and modify the data in a database.
Q39. What is a foreign key?
A.A foreign key identifies a column or a set of columns in one (referencing) table
that refers to a column or set of columns in another (referenced) table.
Q40. What is a Primary key?
A. The primary key of a relational table uniquely identifies each record in the
table.
Q41. What is relationship?
A. A relationship works by matching data in key fields - usually a field with the
same name in both tables.
Q42. What is a Query, record, field?
A. A database "query" is basically a "question" that you ask the database
B. A record is a repository for centralized storage of information about objects
or people.
C. A field in a database is the individual basic information for example a number
or another entry.
Q43. What is form?
A. A database form is a window or screen of related fields from a database. It is
used to enter data or browse and view data..
Q44. What is a Report?
A. With Database Reports, you can produce a printed report of the information in
your database.
Q45. What are the data types in Ms-Access?
A. Number, text, currency, date/time, memo, auto number, yes/no, OLE object,
Hyperlink.
Q46. What are types of forms?
A. Data entry, switchboard, custom dialog box
Q47. What is the short cut key to run a query?
A. F5
Q48 What is the extension for Ms-Access?

A. .mdb
Q49. What are the different parts of report?
A. Report header, repot footer, page header, page footer and detail sections
Q50.What is a Slide?
A. It is a page in a presentation.
Q51.What are the views in PowerPoint?
A.Normal,Slide Sorter, Slide show.
Q52.What is a master slide?
A. It is an element of the design template that stores information including font
styles.
Q53. What are the types of slide layouts?
A. Text, Content, Text&Content and other layout.
Q54.What is the shortcut key to view show?
A. F5.
Q55. What is the extension of PowerPoint?
A. .ppt

SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN C

Q1. What are different data types in C?
Ans. Integer (int), character (char), floating point (float)
Q2. What is a variable?
Ans A variable is a data name that may be assigned to store a data value.
Q3. What is compiler?
Ans. A compiler is a computer program (or set of programs) that transforms source code
written in a computer language (the source language) into another computer language
(the target language, often having a binary form known as object code). The most
common reason for wanting to transform source code is to create an executable program.
Q4. What are different types of C operators?
Ans. Arithmetic op, Relational op, logical op, assignment op, increment /decrement op
Conditional op
Q5. What is a conditional operator?

Ans. The ?: operator is just like an if .. else statement except that because it is an
operator you can use it within expressions.
Syntax:
e1 ? e2 : e3
Q6. Differentiate between keywords and identifiers
Ans. Keywords are reserved words like(static,public......) which has a special meaning
for compilers.
Identifier can be name of any variable or any name used to identify an object or entity
.hence keywords cannot be used as an identifier
Q7. What is the use of modulus(%) operator?
Ans. It returns remainder of a division.
Q8.Differentiate between pre-increment/decrement(++a/--a) & postincrement/decrement(a++/a--)
Ans. They both increment the variable. But the value returned by the pre-increment
operator is the value of the variable after it has been incremented, while the value
returned by the post-increment operator is the value before it has been incremented.
Q9. How do you classify the control statements?
Ans. C provides two sytles of flow control:

Branching(if,if-else,switch-case,goto)
Looping(while, do-while, for statement)

Branching is deciding what actions to take and looping is deciding how many times to
take a certain action.
Q10. Differentiate between while and do-while loop.
Ans. In case of while loop first the control checks the condition given inside while ,and it
executes only if the condition is true,
And in case of do-while the control first executes the one time and then checks the
conditions if it is true control go further else comes out.
Q11. What is looping?
Ans. During looping a set of statements are executed until some conditions for
termination of the loop is encountered. A program loop therefore consists of two
segments one known as body of the loop and other is the control statement. The control
statement tests certain conditions and then directs the repeated execution of the
statements contained in the body of the loop.

In looping process in general would include the following four steps

1. Setting and initialization of a counter
2. Exertion of the statements in the loop
3. Test for a specified conditions for the execution of the loop
4. Incrementing the counter
Q12. What is an array?
Ans. Array by definition is a variable that hold multiple elements which has the same
data type.Ex: int marks[10], char name[25]
Q13. Name the different string handling functions
Ans. strcat() - This function is used to con concatenate two strings.
strcmp() This function is used to compare two strings.
strcpy() This function h is used to copy the second string given as second parameter to
this function into first string.
strlen() This function is used to length of the string in other words the number of
characters present in string .
strstr() This function is to obtain the first occurrence of substring in a string .
Q14. Which header file contains string handling functions?
Ans. String.h
Q15. Name the different methods of parameter passing?
Ans. Pass by value: Values of actual parameters are copied to the variables in the
parameter list of the called function. The original data in the calling function cannot be
changed accidentally.
Pass by address(pass by pointer): The memory address of the variables rather than the
copies of the values are sent to the called function. In this case, the called function
directly works on the data in the calling function and the changed values are available in
calling function.
Q16. What is scope of the variable?
Ans. The scope of variable determines over what region of the program a variable is
actually available for use.
Q17. What are the storage classes in C?
Ans. 1. automatic variables 2. external variable 3. static variables 4. register variables
Q18. What are global variables?
Ans. Global variables have to be defined globally, persists (life is) throughout the
program, scope is also throughout the program. This means such variables can be
accessed from any function, any file of the program.
Q19. What is a structure?
Ans. In some programming contexts, you need to access multiple data types under a
single name for easy manipulation; for example you want to refer to address with
7

multiple data like house number, street, zip code, country C supports structure which
allows you to wrap one or more variables with different data types. A structure can
contain any valid data types like int, char, float even arrays and other structures.
Q20. What are structure members?
Each variable in structure is called a structure member.
Q22. How can you define a structure?
Ans. Defining structure
To define a structure, you can use struct keyword. Here is the common syntax of structure
definition:
struct struct_name{ structure_member };
Q23. Differentiate between array and structure.
Ans. Arrays are collections of repeated data items. Structures are complex data items
made up of other data items, including, potentially, other structures and arrays.
Q24. How do you access the member of a structure?
Ans. The structure members can be accessed with the help of structure variables. The
link between the structure members and structure variables can be established by using a
member operator(.) or dot operator.
Q25. What is union?
Ans. A union, is a collection of variables of different types, just like a structure.
However, with unions, you can only store information in one field at any one time.
You can picture a union as like a chunk of memory that is used to store variables of
different types. Once a new value is assigned to a field, the existing data is wiped over
with the new data.
Q26. W hat is recursive function?
Every function in C may be called from any other or itself. Each invocation of a function
causes a new allocation of the variables declared inside it. Such functions are called
recursive functions.
Q27. What is a pointer variable?
Ans. A pointer variable is a variable that may contain the address of another variable or
any valid address in the memory.
8

Q28. What is the need for an escape sequences?

Ans.

\n
New line
\t
Horizontal Tab
\v
Vertical Tab
\b
Backspace
\r
Carriage Return
\f
Form feed
\a
Audible Alert (bell)
\\
Backslash
\?
Question mark
\'
Single quote
\"
Double quote
Q29. What is unary operator?
Ans. Increment(++) and decrement(--) operators are known as unary operator.
Q30. What are logical operator?
Ans. The commonly used logical operators are:
Logical AND (&&)
This operator is used to evaluate 2 conditions or expressions with relational operators
simultaneously. If both the expressions to the left and to the right of the logicaloperator is
true then the whole compound expression is true.

Logical OR (||)
The logical OR is used to combine 2 expressions or the condition evaluates to true if any
one of the 2 expressions is true.

Logical NOT (!)

The logical not operator takes single expression and evaluates to true if the expression is
false and evaluates to false if the expression is true. In other words it just reverses the
value of the expression.
Q31. What are logical errors in c?
Ans. A logic error produces unintended or undesired output or other behavior, although it
may not immediately be recognized as such even though the program may not give any
error messages.
Q32. What are semantic and syntax errors?
Ans. Semantic errors: In programming, writing a valid programming structure with
invalid logic. The compiler will generate instructions that the computer will execute,

because it understands the syntax of the programming statements, but the output will not
be correct.
Syntactic error: An error in the format of a statement in a computer program that
violates the rules of the programming language employed. Also known as syntactic error.

SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN HTML

1. what is HTML? Hypertext markup language.--- hypertext means text file and
using markup language ur going to execute the programe in web page.
2. what is a web page? A document written in HTML that can be accessed on the
Internet. Every Web page has a unique address called a URL. Web pages can
contain text, graphics, and hyperlinks to other web pages and files.
3. what is web site? The entire collection of web pages and other information (such
as images, sound, and video files, etc.) that are made available through what
appears to users as a single web server.
4. what are paired and unpaired tags in html? Paired Tags: A tag is said to be a
paired tag if the text is placed between a tag and its companion tag. In paired tags,
the first tag is referred to as Opening Tag and the second tag is referred to as
Closing
Tag.
Example:
<i>This
text
is
in
italics.
</i>
Note: Here <i> is called opening tag. and </i> is called closing tag.
Unpaired Tags: An unpaired tag does not have a companion tag. Unpaired tags
are
also
known
as
Singular
or
Stand-Alone
Tags.
Example : <br> , <hr> etc. These tags does not require any companion tag.
5. different types of browsers?Netscape navigator ,Firefox ,Google Chrome ,Opera
Mini
6. types of heading tag? <H1>heading</H1>: creates heading level #1 (24 point
typelargest) <H2>heading</H2>: creates heading level #2 (18 point type)
<H3>heading</H3>: creates heading level #3 (14 point type) <H4>heading</H4>:
creates heading level #4 (12 point type) <H5>heading</H5>: creates heading level
#5 (10 point type) <H6>heading</H6>:

10

7. difference between head tag and title tag? The <title> tag defines the title of the
document.
8. define anchor tag? The <a> tag defines an anchor. An anchor can be used in two
ways:
1. To create a link to another document, by using the href attribute
2. To create a bookmark inside a document, by using the name attribute The <a>
element is usually referred to as a link or a hyperlink.
9. <acronym>By marking up acronyms you can give useful information to browsers,
spellcheckers attribute of acronym is title--The title attribute is used to show the full
version of the expression when you mouse over the abbreviation.
10. <address>The <address> tag defines the contact information for the author or owner
of a document. This way, the reader is able to contact the document's owner. The address
element is usually added to the header or footer of a webpage.
11. <textarea>text area can hold an unlimited number of characters, and the text renders
in a fixed-width font (usually Courier).The size of a textarea can be specified by the cols
and rows attributes, or even better; through CSS' height and width properties.
12. <b>to write the text in bold we use this tag
13. <bdo> bi directional the text is reversed in bdo
14. <blockquote>A browser inserts white space before and after a blockquote element. It
also insert margins for the blockquote element.
15. <body>The body element defines the document's body.The body element contains all
the contents of an HTML document, such as text, hyperlinks, images, tables, lists, etc.
attributes of body tag are background, bgcolor, text etc
16.<br>linebreak
17.<button> The <button> tag defines a push button. The default type for Internet
Explorer is "button", while in other browsers (and in the W3C specification) it is
"submit".
18.<caption>
19.<center>to
20.<cite>

defines
align

the
the

text

<em>

Renders as emphasized text

<strong>

Renders as strong emphasized text

<dfn>

Defines a definition term

<code>

Defines computer code text

<samp>

Defines sample computer code

<kbd>

Defines keyboard text

<var>

Defines a variable part of a text

11

table
in

caption
center

<cite>

Defines a citation

21. <dd>The <dd> tag is used to describe an item in a definition list.

22.<dir>The

<dir>

tag

is

used

to

list

directory

titles.

23.<div>The <div> tag defines a division or a section in an HTML document. The <div>
tag is often used to group block-elements to format them with styles.
24. <dl>The <dl> tag defines a definition list.The <dl> tag is used in conjunction with
<dt> (defines the item in the list) and <dd> (describes the item in the list).
25.<font> is used to set the font color of text , font size, font style etc
26.<form>A form can contain input elements like text fields, checkboxes, radio-buttons,
submit buttons and more. A forms can also contain select menus, textarea, fieldset,
legend, and label elements. Forms are used to pass data to a server.
27.<frame>The <frame> tag defines one particular window (frame) within a frameset.
Each frame in a frameset can have different attributes, such as border, scrolling, the
ability to resize, etc. to divide the web page into different partition we use frame tag
28.<frameset>The frameset element holds two or more frame elements. Each frame
element holds a separate document. The frameset element states only how many columns
or rows there will be in the frameset.
29.<head>The head element is a container for all the head elements. Elements inside
<head> can include scripts, instruct the browser where to find style sheets, provide meta
information,
and
more.
<h1>
<h6>
types
of
heading
tags
30.<hr> to draw the horizontal line in web page
31.<html>is used to specify that it is an html document
32.<i> to write the text in italic
33.<iframe>is an inline frame a frame within the frame is called as inline frame
attributes frame border, align, height and width, src (source) name (name of the frame)
etc.
34.<img>to insert and image in the webpage we use img tag --attribute of img tag are
src source of the image location, height and width of the image and alignment<input>
35.<li>The <li> tag defines a list item. The <li> tag is used in both ordered (<ol>) and
unordered (<ul>) lists.
36<ol>The <ol> tag is used to create an ordered list. The list can be numerical or
alphabetical. <ul> The <ul> tag defines an unordered list (a bulleted list).

12

37.<option>The <option> tag defines an option in a select list. The option element goes
inside the select element.
38.<p>The

<p>

tag

defines

paragraph.

39.<pre>The <pre> tag defines preformatted text. Text in a pre element is displayed in a
fixed-width font (usually Courier), and it preserves both spaces and line breaks.
40.<q>The <q> tag defines a short quotation. The browser will insert quotation marks
around the quotation.
41.<s>The <s> and <strike> tags defines strikethrough text.
42.<script>The <script> tag is used to define a client-side script, such as a JavaScript.The
script element either contains scripting statements or it points to an external script file
through the src attribute
43.<select>The <select> tag is used to create a select list (drop-down list). The <option>
tags inside the select element define the available options in the list.
44.<small>The <tt>, <i>, <b>, <big>, and <small> tags are all font-style tags. They are
not deprecated, but it is possible to achieve richer effect with CSS.
Tag

Description

<i>

Renders as italic text

<b>

Renders as bold text

<big>

Renders as bigger text

<small>

Renders as smaller text

45.<span>The <span> tag provides no visual change by itself. The <span> tag provides a
way to add a hook to a part of a text or a part of a document. When the text is hooked in a
span element you can add styles to the content, or manipulate the content with for
example JavaScript.
46.<sub>The <sub> tag defines subscript text. Subscript text appears half a character
below the baseline. Subscript text can be used for chemical formulas, like H2O.
47.<sup> The <sup> tag defines superscript text. Superscript text appears half a character
above the baseline. Superscript text can be used for footnotes, like WWW[1].
48.<table> The <table> tag defines an HTML table. A simple HTML table consists of the
table element and one or more tr, th, and td elements. The tr element defines a table row,
the th element defines a table header, and the td element defines a table cell. A more
complex HTML table may also include caption, col, colgroup, thead, tfoot, and tbody
elements. Attributes of table tag are
Attribute

Value

Description

align

left
center
right

Deprecated.
Use
styles
instead.TF
Specifies the alignment of a table according to
surrounding text

13

DTD

bgcolor

rgb(x,x,x)
#xxxxxx
colorname

Deprecated.
Use
styles
instead.TF
Specifies the background color for a table

border

pixels

Specifies the width of the borders around a table STF

cellpadding

pixels

Specifies the space between the cell wall and theSTF

cell content

cellspacing

pixels

Specifies the space between cells

frame

void
above
below
hsides
lhs
rhs
vsides
box
border

Specifies which parts of the outside borders that STF

should be visible

rules

none
groups
rows
cols
all

Specifies which parts of the inside borders that STF

should be visible

summary

text

Specifies a summary of the content of a table

width

pixels
%

Specifies the width of a table

STF

STF

49.<tbody> The <tbody> tag is used to group the body content in an HTML table. The
tbody element should be used in conjunction with the thead and tfoot elements. The thead
element is used to group the header content in an HTML table and the tfoot element is
used to group the footer content in an HTML table.
50.<td> The <td> tag defines a standard cell in an HTML table. An HTML table has two
kinds of cells:

Header cells - contains header information (created with the th element)

Standard cells - contains data (created with the td element)

51.<textarea> The <textarea> tag defines a multi-line text input control. A text area can
hold an unlimited number of characters, and the text renders in a fixed-width font
(usually Courier).
52.<tfoot> The <tfoot> tag is used to group the footer content in an HTML table. The
tfoot element should be used in conjunction with the thead and tbody elements
53.<th> The <th> tag defines a header cell in an HTML table. An HTML table has two
kinds of cells:

Header cells - contains header information (created with the th element)

14

Standard cells - contains data (created with the td element)

54.<thead> The <thead> tag is used to group the header content in an HTML table. The
thead element should be used in conjunction with the tbody and tfoot elements. The
tbody element is used to group the body content in an HTML table and the tfoot element
is used to group the footer content in an HTML table.
55.<title> The <title> tag defines the title of the document. The title element is required
in all HTML/XHTML documents. The title element:

defines a title in the browser toolbar

provides a title for the page when it is added to favorites
displays a title for the page in search-engine results

56.<tr> The <tr> tag defines a row in an HTML table. A tr element contains one or more
th or td elements.
57.<tt> The <tt>, <i>, <b>, <big>, and <small> tags are all font-style tags. They are not
deprecated, but it is possible to achieve richer effect with CSS.
Tag

Description

<i>

Renders as italic text

<b>

Renders as bold text

<big>

Renders as bigger text

<small>

Renders as smaller text

58.<u>

The

<u>

tag

defines

underlined

text.

59.<form> objects The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form for user input. A
form can contain input elements like text fields, checkboxes, radio-buttons, submit
buttons and more. A forms can also contain select menus, textarea, fieldset, legend, and
label elements. forms are used to pass data to a server

SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN SQL

1. Define a database.
a. A collection of related data.
2. What is DBMS?
a. Set of programs to manipulate the data stored in a database
3. What is SQL?
a. Structured Query Language
4. Different dataypes in SQL.
a. Char, varchar2, number, date, LOB, BLOB.
5. Different types of SQL statements?
a. DDL, DML, TCL
6. Command to create a table.
a. CREATE
15

7. Command to drop a table.

a. DROP
8. Difference between drop and truncate a table.
a. DROP deletes all records and retain the structure of the table.
b. TRUNCATE deletes the structure as well
9. Different Transaction control statements.
a. GRANT, REVOKE, ROLLBACK, COMMIT
10. Command to retrieve records from a table.
a. SELECT
11. Clause to eliminate rows from a table.
a. WHERE
12. How to update a specific record in a table?
a. UPDATE using WHERE clause
13. What is group by clause?
a. Used in a SELECT statement to collect data across multiple records and
group the results by one or more columns.
14. What is order by clause?
a. To sort the resultant records either in ascending or descending order.
15. When do you use having clause?
a. To eliminate records after grouping
16. Name any 3 group functions.
a. Sum, avg, min, max
17. How to get the total number of records in a table?
a. COUNT
18. Name any 3 date functions.
a. ADD_MONTHS, NEXT_DAY, MONTHS_BETWEEN
19. Name any 3 character functions.
a. LOWER,UPPER,SUBSTR
20. Command to display unique records in a table.
a. DISTINCT
21. What is a primary key?
a. Field that uniquely identifies a record.
22. How do you create a relationship between two tables in SQL?
a. Using foreign key
23. What are the different constraints?
a. Domain integrity, entity integrity, referential integrity
24. What is check constraint?
a. Allows values to be checked before being inserted in to a table.
25. Different between primary key constraint and unique key constraint.
a. UNIQUE key constraint prevents the duplication of values within a table
and allows NULL values. PRIMARY key constraint avoids duplication of
values and does not allow null values.
26. What is NOT NULL constraint?
a. When enforced on a column, it will not allow NULL values.
27. Different DDL statements.
a. CREATE, DROP, TRUNCATE, ALTER

16

28. Different option with ALTER table command.

a. ADD, MODIFY
29. Define a trigger.
a. Stored procedure that is automatically executed in response to certain
events in a particular table or view.
30. Define a view.
a. Consists of a stored query that is accessible to a virtual table.
31. What are the different operations on a view?
a. SELECT, UPDATE, MODIFY, DELETE

SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN WEB PROGRAMMING

1. FULL FORMS OF FOLLOWING: HTML-HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE,
DHTML-DYNAMIC HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE,
VB-VISUAL BASIC, ASP-ACTIVE SERVER PAGES
DTD-DATA TYPE DEFINITION,
XML-EXTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE,
CSS-CASCADING STYLESHEET,
HREF-HYPER REFERENCE,
HTTP-HYPER TEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL,
FTP-FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL,
SMTP-SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOL,
TCP-TRANSFER CONTROL PROTOCOL,
IP- INTERNET PROTOCOL,
XSL-EXTENSIBLE STYLESHEET LANGUAGE,
SGML-STANDARD GENERALISED MARKUP LANGUAGE,
PWS-POWER WEB SERVER.
DIM-DIMENSION,
REDIM- REDIMENSION
2. WHAT IS FORM?
forms provide a means for the user to add graphical user interface (gui) components to
the web pages.
3. FORM ELEMENTS SYNTAX o TEXTBOX-<INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME=TEXT1 >
o TEXTAREA-<TEXTAREA ANME=TXT1> </TEXTAREA>
o BUTTONS o CHECKBOXES-<INPUT TYPE=CHECKBOX NAME=CHK1>
o RADIO -<INPUT TYPE=RADIO NAME=WEEK
VALUE=SUNDAY> SUNDAY
o SUBMIT-<INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT VALUE=SUBMIT>

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o RESET-<INPUT TYPE=RESET VALUE=RESET DFLT>

o IMAGE -<INPUT TYPE=IMAGE ALIGN=MIDDLE
SRC=D:\IMAGES\BALA/.JPG>
o PASSWORD-<INPUT TYPE=PASSWORD NAME=PASS>
o HIDDEN-<INPUT TYPE=HIDDEN NAME=HDD1
VALUE=A210>
o COMBO BOX-<
o SELECTBOX-<SELECT>
<OPTION><LI> WEB
o <LI> TALLY
</OPTION></SELECT>
o SCROLL BAR5. WEB SERVER
INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS LARGE COPMUTER IS CALLED WEB
SERVER, WHICH PROVIDES SERVICES TO USER.
6. WEB PAGE
A PAGE ON THE INTERNET IS CALLED AS A WEB PAGE.
7. WEBSITE
IT IS A COLLECTION OF NUMBER OF WEB PAGES.
8. INTRANET
IT IS THE INTERNAL NETWORK, WHICH IS NOT VISIBLE OUTSIDE THE
COMPANY OR DEPARTMENT.
9. EXTRANET IT IS A VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (VPN) AMONG PRIVAT PARTIES
BASED ON OPEN NETWORK & PROTOCOLS.
10. INTERNET
INTERNET IS NETWORK OF NETWORKS.
11. URL
UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR. IT IS A TYPE OF SERVICE OR SERVER
OR PROTOCOL AND PROVIDES NAME AND ADDRESS OF SERVER.
12. BROWSER
A WEB BROWSER IS AN APLLICATION PROGRAM TO INTERACT WITH
ALL THE INFORMATION ON THE WWW. TYPES- MIE, NETSCAPE
NAVIGATOR, OPERA, MOZILLA FIREFOX.
13. INLINE FRAME
A FRAME WITHIN A FRAME IS CALLED AS INLINE FRAME.
FRAMESET- IT IS USED TO DIVIDE THE WEB PAGE INTO TWO OR
MORE EQUAL HALVES.
<FRAMESET COLS=50%, 50 %>
<FRAME SRC=13A.HTML>
<FRAME SRC=13B.HTML></FRAME>
14. ROWSPAN
THE NUMBERS OF ROWS A CELL SPAN. IT IS USED WITHIN <TD>
OR<TH> TAGS

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COLSPAN
15. COLUMN SPAN IS SIMILAR TO ROWSPAN. BY DEFAULT COLSPAN FOR
ANY CELL IS1
ABSOLUTE URL- FULL ADDRESS OF FILE OR PATH
RELATIVE URL- IF IN SAME DRIVE OR PATH POINTS TOWARDS THE FILE
FOR THE SAME
DIRECTORY
16. FULL FORM OF GRAPHIC FORMAT
JPEG-JOINT PHOTOGRAPHER EXPERT GROUP, GIF- GRAPHIC
INTERCHANGE FORMAT,
BMP- BITMAP, PNG-PORTABLE NETWORK GRAPHICS
17. IMAGE MAP- AN IMAGE MAP ALLOWS AN ACTION TO BE ASSOCIATED
BY SELECTING OR CLICKING PART OF AN IMAGE.
TYPES- SERVER AND CLIENT SIDE IMAGE MAP.
ATTRIBUTES OF IMAGE-HEIGHT, WIDTH, ALT, SRC, ALIGN
18. DIFFERENT COLOR RED, BLUE , GREEN-RBG
19. COLORS-AQUA, BLACK, BLUE, FUCHSIA, GREY, GREEN, MAROON, NAVY,
OLIVE, PURLPE,
RED, SILVER, TEAI, WHITE, YELLOW
RANGE=0 TO 255
20. DIFFERENCES B/W XML, HTML, DHTML.
XML- THE TAGS IN XML IS USER FRIENDLY MEANS OWN TAGS CAN BE
CREATED
HTML- PREDEFINED TAGS ARE USED WHERE, OWN TAGS CANT BE
CREATED.
DHTML-IT IS A COMBINATION OF TECHNOLOGIES TO MAKE WEB PAGES
DYNAMIC.
21. TYPES OF STYLESHEET
INLINE, EMBEDDED, EXTERNAL, IMPORTED STYLESHEETS
22. TYPES OF LISTSOL-ORDER LIST<OL>, UL-UNORDER LIST<UL>, DL-DEFINITION LIST <DL>,
<DT>, <DD>, </DL>
DIRECTORY LIST<DIR>, <LI>, </DIR> MENU LIST<MENU>, <LI></MENU>
23. PROCEDURES- VBSCRIPT PROVIDES WITH TWO TYPES OF PROCEDURES
SUB AND FUNCTIONS. IT IS A SERIES OF VBSCRIPT STATEMENTS.
VARIABLES-TO ALLOCATE MEMORY AND STORE VALUES AND HOLD
RESULTS.
RULES-THEY MUST BEGIN WITH ALPHABETICAL CHARACTERS; THERE
MUST NOT BE MORE THE 255 CHARS AND ONLY UNIQUE NAMES.
24. FUNCTIONS25. DIFFERENCE B/W INLINE AND EXTERNAL STYLESHEETS.
INLINE ARE DESIGNED BY USING THE STYLE ATTRIBUTE TO INSERT A
STYLE RULE DIRECTLY
INTO A HTML TAG.
IT IS CONCEPT BY CREATING A SINGLE.CSS FILE WHICH CAN LINKED
TO MULTIPLE HTML

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DOCUMENTS.
26. EMBEDDED STYLE SHEET- IT IS PLACED DIRECTLY WITHIN THE HEAD
PORTION OF AN HTML FILE. THE STYLE SHEET IS APLLIED ONLY TO THE
SPECIFIC HTML FILE WHERE THEY ARE PLACED.
25. EXTENSIONS- XML- .XML, HTML-.HTML, STYLESHEET- .CSS.
27. DTDS DATA TYPE DEFINITION
EXTRENAL DTD- IN THIS THE DTD FILE IS CREATED EXTRENALLY
INTERNAL DTD- IN THIS DTD IS CREATED IN THE SAME FILE WHERE
XML FILE IS CREATED.
28. IMPORTING STYLESHEET INTO XML - <?xml-stylesheet type="text/css"
href="stu.css"?>
29. FILTERS
the filter property allows you to add more style effects to your text and image. typesfliph, flipv, glow, shadow, dropshadow, wave.
30. TRANSITIONS
IT IS ONE OF THE MOST USEFUL FEATURE OF DHTML, USING IT CAN
IMPLEMENT FAST & EASY VISUAL EFFECTS ON THE WEB PAGES WITH
SIMPLE HTML AND LESS SCRIPT CODE.
30.ATTRIBUTES OF IMAGE TAG- HEIGHT, WIDTH, ALT, SRC, ALIGN
31. VALIDATIONS- ONE OF THE BASIC TECHNOQUES USED FOR DATA
VALIDATION IN CHECKING TEXT ENYTERED INTO THE TEXT BOX.
TYPES
32. INPUT BOX IT IS FUNCTION MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO GET INPUT FROM A
USER WITHOUT PALCING A TEXT CONTROL ON THE FORM.
N= INPUTBOX ("ENTER THE VALUE OF N", "RANGE")
MESSAGE BOX- IT IS USEFUL WHEN WE WANT TO NOTIFY A USER THAT AN
EVENT HAS OCCURRED.
If(m=s) then
MsgBox "the reverse of the " &m& " is : " &s& " is palindrome"
else
MsgBox "the reverse of the " &m& "is :" &s& "is not a palindrome"
33. VARIOUS STRING FUNCTION- LENGTH, COMPARE, REVERSE, and LOWER
& UPPER CASE.
34. STYLE ATTRIBUTE- FONT COLOR, SIZE, FAMILY, ALIGN
35. STYLESHEET SELECTORS- HTML, CLASS, ID, CONTEXTUAL SELECTORS.
36. TRANSITION EFFECTS37.EVENT HANDLING- AN EVENT IS A NOTIFICATION THAT OCCURS IN
RESPONSE TO AN ACTION SUCH AS A CHANGE IN STATE OR AS A RESULT OF
THE USER CLICKING THE MOUSE OR PRESSING A KEY.
TYPES OF EVENTS- KEYBOARD- RELEASE OR PRESSING OF KEYS, MOUSE
MOVING OR CLICKING OF LEFT BUTTON , WINDOW EVENTS- ONLOAD AND
ONUNLOAD
38.DIFFERENT WAYS OF TAKING INOFRMATION FROM THE USERTEXTBOXES, INPUTBOX
39.PRE-DEFINED FUNCTIONS- IS NUMERIC, DATE, TIME

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40.DIFFERENCE B/W XML AND XSL XML ALLOWS USER TO DEFINE MEANINGFUL TAGS FOR THE USERS
APLLICATION AND IT IS SUBSET OF SGML.
XSL IT A SEPERSET OS CSS FUNCTIONALITY. USING IT USER CAN
DISPLAY SELECTIVE ELEMENTS OR ATTRIBUTESTO PROCESS THE
DATA AND IT AN APPLICATION OF XML.
41. LINKS IN XML-HYPER AND X LINK
HYPER LINK- IT IS AN ASSOCIATI0N B/W TWO PIECES OF TEXT AND
AN OBJECT OR EVEN B/W AN OBJECT AND A PIECE OF TEXT.
X LINK- IT ALLOWS XML DOCUMENTS TO ESTABLISH A LINKING
RELATIONSHIP B/W MORE THAN ONE DOUCMENT & CREATE
LINKING DOCUMENT THAT RESIDES IN A SEPARATE LOCATION FROM
THE LINKED DOUCMENTS.
TYPES- SIMPLE LINKS AND EXTENDED LINKS
SIMPLE LINKS- IT IS SIMILAR TO THE LINK CREATED IN HTML USING
ANCHOR ELEMENT.
EXTENDED LINK- IT IS A LINK WHICH POINT TO SEVERAL RESOURCE
AT A TIME.
42.DIM IS A DATATYPE AND WHICH SUPPORTS OR ACCEPTS THE
FOLLOWING
FLOAT(WITH DECIMAL)
BULLION(0,1) 0-TRUE, 1-FALSE
CURRENCY-EURO, DOLLAR, YEN,POUND)
DOUBLE(BOTH FLOAT & INT)
DATE/TIME(DATE/TIME)
SUB- PROCEDURE DOESNT RETURN A VALUE.

SAMPLE VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS IN JAVA

1. Features of Object oriented programming:Object, Class, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction, Message
Communication
2. Object: - Object is a run time entity which is an instance of class.
3. Class: - Class is a model or blue print or Imagination to represent the object. Class
also consists of some properties and some behaviors.

4. Note
Class doesn't exist physically. Object exists physically
Without Class Object does not exist. But without object Class can exist.
5.Encapsulation:- Binding or wrapping of data members inside single unit (class) is
called as Encapsulation.
6.Inheritance: - It is a mechanism of acquiring the properties of one class into another
class without redefining that class.

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7. Polymorphism:- Poly ->many morphism->forms

It is an ability to take more than one form.
8.Abstraction:- Hiding the necessary data from other classes is called Abstraction.
9.Message Communication: - Transferring the data from one class object to
another class object is called as Message communication.
10. Access specifier:-Access specifier is a keyword that controls the visibility of class
members.
There are 4 types of access specifiers: - private, public, protected, default
11.Private: private members of class are not available to any other class. The scope of
private members is within a class only.
12.Public: public members of class are available anywhere outside the class.
13.Protected:-protected members of class are available in same package but not in
another package i.e. protected members have package scope
14.Default: - default members of class are available in same package but not in another
package i.e. default members have package scope

15.Difference between protected and default

Protected member of class are available for the subclass even though the subclasses are
available in another package
16.Packages:-Packages are subdirectories to hold the classes and interfaces.
Packages can be extended and we can create our own packages also
1. Built-in packages:-These packages are provided in java
Examples java.io.*; java.lang.*;java.awt.*;
* stands for all classes and interfaces

2. User defined package: - These packages are created by user

Package is a keyword to create the package
17.Casting: - Converting one data type into another data type Is called casting
18.Primitive data types (holds single value):- byte, char, short, int, long, float,
double
19.Command Line arguments: - The parameters passed to the main method
before execution of program through command line are called as command line
arguments.
20.Constructor: - Constructor is similar to method which is used to initialize the
class data members. Constructor name is same as class name. Constructor does not have
any return type even void also.

21.Constructors are of two types: Default constructor: - The constructor without parameter is called default constructor
Parameterized Constructor:-The constructor with parameters is called parameterized
constructor

22.Advantages
1. Constructor executes faster than functions.
2. Constructor name can be remembered easily.

23.Naming Conventions in java

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1. Packages should be defined in small letter

java.lang, java.io, java.util, java.applet, java.sql, java.awt
2. Each word of class or interface should start with capital letter
java.lang.System, java.io.InputStreamReader, java.io.BufferedReader, java.util.Date,
java.awt.event.ActionListener
3. The method name should start with small letters and then each word should start with
capital letters
println(),readLine(),getNumberInstance(),forName()
4. The variable names should also follow above rules.
5. Constant should be defined in capital letters: - final double PI=3.145;

24.Interface
An Interface is a specification of method prototype.
All the methods of interface are abstract and public by default.
We cannot create object to interface but we can create a reference variable.

25.Abstract method
The method without body is called as abstract method.
Abstract method must be declared as abstract by using abstract keyword.

26.Abstract class
A class with 0 or more abstract methods is called as abstract class.
An abstract class can have general methods and abstract methods also.

27.Method
Method is a group of statements to perform a particular task.
28.Compile time polymorphism:- polymorphism exhibited at compile time is
called as 'Static Polymorphism' .In static polymorphism method call is linked with
method body at compile time.
29.Method overloading:- If two or more methods are written with samename but
with difference in parameters is called as method overloading.

30. JVM can identify the methods seprately by the difference in

1. in number of arguments
2. in the data types of parameters
3. in the sequence of arguments
31.Method signature: - Any one of the above difference is called as method
signature. Method signature uniquely identifies a method by difference in parameters.
32.Dynamic polymorphism:- polymorphism exhibited at run time is called as
'Dynamic Polymorphism. In dynamic polymorphism method call is not linked with
method body at compile time.
JVM will identify the correct method depending upon super class reference referred with
either super class object or sub class object & executes it at run time. This means method
call is linked with method body at run time. This is called as dynamic polymorphism or
dynamic binding or late binding

33.Method overriding
Writing two methods with same name and same method signature in super class and
subclass
is called method overriding. Generally sub class method will override super class method.

34.Static method
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Static method is a method which can be called without creating an object to the class.
Static is a keyword to define static method.

35.Super
It is a keyword to access
1. Super class instance variables
2. Super class parameterized constructors
3. Super class methods
Note:- Calling the super class parameterized constructor must be first statement in
subclass constructor.
Super class default constructor is automatically available to subclass but superclass
paramterised constructor is not available to sub class

36.this
It is a reference .It refers to current class object i.e. this can be used to
1. To refer present class parameterized constructor
2. To refer present class instance variables
3. To refer present class methods

37.Wrapper classes
Wrapper classes wraps or contains primitive data types in their objects.
Wrapper classes are used to convert primitive data types into objects.

38.ArrayList
It is dynamically growing array which stores the objects.

39.Stack
Stack is a data structure which follows LIFO (LAST IN FIRST OUT) i.e. the element
which is inserted last will be removed first.

40.Queue
is a data structure which follows FIFO (FIRST IN FIRST OUT) i.e. The element which
is inserted first will be removed first.
The insertion of the element takes place at one end which is called as rear end and
deletion of the element takes place at another end which is called as front end.

41.Vector
It is also dynamically growing array which stores the objects. But it is synchronized.

42.Applets
An applet is a java code that is embedded [inserted] in a HTML page.
Applet=HTML+java code

43.Exception
An Exception is runtime error.

44.What are checked and unchecked exceptions?

The exceptions which are caught by java compiler are called as checked exception
The exceptions which are caught by JVM are called as unchecked exception

45.What is the difference between error and Exception?

An exception is an error which is handled by programmer

46.Types of Exceptions
1. Builtin Exceptions
These exceptions are part of java

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1.ArithmeticException
2.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
3.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException
4.FileNotFoundException
5.NoSuchMethodException
6.NullPointerException
7.InterruptedException
8.IOException
9.RuntimeException

2. Userdefined Exception
These Exceptions are created by user
1.Write a class that extends Exception class
2. Write default constructor in the class
3. Write a parameterized constructor with string as a parameter
4. Create an object to your class and throw it out using throw clause when required

47.What is Thread Synchronization?

When a thread is processing an object, keeping other threads waiting till the first thread
comes out of the object is called Thread synchronization.

48.Thread
Thread represents a process or execution of the statement.JVM uses internally threads to
run a java
Program .Every java program will have a thread.

49.To set the priority of thread

t.setPriority(int priority);
The priority no. costants are given below
Thread.MAX_PRIORITY value is 10
Thread.MIN_PRIORITY value is 1
Thread.NORM_PRIORITY value is 5

50.Where the threads are useful?

1. Threads are used in animation & creating the games.
2. Threads are used in server to handle 100000's of clients& creating the games.

51.Creating a thread
Extend Thread class or implement Runnable interface.
Example
class MyThread extends Thread{...........}
class MyThread implements Runnable{...........}

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