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STUDYING BIOLOGY
STUDY OF BIOLOGY
Biology is the study of living things or organisms.
A. Branches of Biology
1. Molecular Biology: study of Biology at molecular level
2. Cytology: study of cells
3. Anatomy: study of body structures of organisms
4. Botany: study of plants
5. Zoology: study of animals
6. Taxonomy: study of the classification of organisms
7. Ecology: study of the interactions between organisms and their environment
8. Genetics: study of the passing of characteristics from parents to offspring
B. Importance of biology
1. To understand the nature of life and appreciate the wonders of the living world.
2. To learn the relationships between organisms and the environment and a respect for all
organisms. This increases our awareness of many social issues related to biology such as
pollution, genetically modified food, cloning and conservation of endangered species.
3. To apply the biological knowledge in daily life to improve our standard of living.
a. Food such as bread, wine, cheese and yoghurt are produced with the help of
microorganisms.
b. Antibiotics are produced with the help of microorganisms and vaccines are produced with
the application of biotechnology to protect humans against diseases.
4. To prepare for a future career working in the medical fields such as doctors, nurses and
dieticians and in the environmental protection needs basic knowledge in biology.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD USED TO STUDY BIOLOGY
A. Making observations
Biologists are curious about organisms in nature. They observe carefully at things of special
interest to them.
B. Asking questions
They ask questions about the observation particularly those that cannot be properly explained.
C. Proposing hypotheses
They suggest a reasonable answer to the question to explain their observation. This explanation
forms a hypothesis.
D. Designing and ding experiment
They design experiment to test for the predicted results of the hypothesis.
E. Analyzing results and drawing conclusion
They analyze the results and draw conclusion for the experiment.
1. If the results match with the prediction, they can make a conclusion to support the hypotheses.
If the results repeated experiments still support the hypothesis which will become a theory.
But a theory can be turned down once new evidence arises.
2. If the results do not match with the prediction, they will revise the hypothesis or even reject it.
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Draw a flow chart to show the basic steps used in a scientific investigation.
Movement
Irritability
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