Tabla de Datos Experimentales

Presin manomtrica del vapor

(Kgf/cm2)
Temperatura de alimentacin (C)
Vaco en el Condensador (mmHg)

MA (Kg/h)
Solucin diluida
MP3 (Kg/h)
Solucin
concentrada
E1 (Kg/h)
Solvente
evaporado
E2 (Kg/h)
Solvente
evaporado
E3 (Kg/h)
Solvente
evaporado
MV (Kg/h)
Vapor de agua de
caldera
MH2O (Kg/h)
Agua de
Condensacin

0.8
1.6

Dimetro del
tanque
(cm)

Temperatura
s
(C)

Tiempo de
Operacin
(min)

Diferencias de
altura de nivel h
(cm)

59.6

56

10.2

34.6

55

10

13.5

10

4.9

10

5.2

10

6.8

5.8

10

E1

Ec1

76

76

E2

Ec2

66

66

E3

Ec3

55

39

Mv

Mvc

106

35

tentrada

tsalida

23

35

34.6

34.6

34.6

40

56

Clculos:
Evaporador
1.- Balance Global de Materiales de todo el sistema (Kg/h)

2 H P)
( 0.346 m)2 ( 0.135 m )
V MP 4 ( P ) (
4
m3
Gv Mp =
=
=
=0. 07616

1h
h
10 min(
)
60 min
3

2
HE )
( 0.346 m )2 ( 0.0 49 m )
V E 4 ( E) (
4
m3
Gv E = =
=
=0.02764

1h
h
10 min(
)
60 min
1

2 HE )
( 0.346 m )2 ( 0.052m )
V E 4 ( E) (
4
m3
Gv E = =
=
=0.02934

1h
h
10 min(
)
60 min
2

2
HE )
( 0.346 m)2 ( 0.068 m )
V E 4 ( E) (
4
m3
Gv E = =
=
=0.03836

1h
h
10 min(
)
60 min
3

M P =Gv MP P= 0. 07616
3

(
(

m3
Kg
Kg
979.90 3 =28.7503
h
h
m

E2=Gv E E= 0.02934
2

m3
Kg
Kg
974.08 3 =26.9236
h
h
m

E1=Gv E E= 0.02764
1

)(

m
Kg
Kg
985.63 3 =75.0656
h
h
m

)(

)(

)(

m
Kg
Kg
E3=Gv E E= 0.03836
985.65 3 =37.8095
h
h
m
3

M A=M P + E1 + E2 + E3=75.0656+ 26.9236+28.7503+37.8095=168.549

3

2.- Balance de Materiales en cada efecto (Kg/h)

Efecto 3:

Kg
h

M A =M P =M P + E 3=75.0656+37.8095=112.8751
3

Kg
h

Efecto 2:
M A =M P =M P + E2 =112.8751+28.7503=141.6254
2

Kg
h

Efecto 1:
M A =M P + E 1=141.6254+26.9236=168.5490
1

Kg
h

3.-Balance de Slidos en cada efecto (Kg/h)

No se pueden realizar estos clculos, debido a que no se tienen composiciones en
las corrientes.
4.- Balance de Calor en cada efecto. Evale: el Calor Suministrado, el Calor
Absorbido y el Calor no Aprovechado (Kcal/h)
Efecto 1:
||+ M

H A =M P H P + E 1H E
Q

A1

H A =Cp T =1

Kcal
Kcal
( 560 ) C=56
Kg C
Kg

H P =Cp T =1

Kcal
Kcal
( 760 ) C=76
Kg C
Kg

H E =H E @ta +0.48A . P . E .=619.8

1

Kcal
Kcal
+0.48 ( 7652 ) C=631.32
Kg
Kg

||=M

||=

H P + E 1H E M A H A
Q

P1

Kg
Kcal
Kg
Kcal
+( 26.9236
(631.32 )
(168.549
(56
)
(141.6254 Kgh )( 76 ) Kcal
)
)
Kg
h
Kg
h
Kg
Q

||=18322.19355

Kcal
h

Para Qs:
QS =M V 1 V

( 0.4 m )2 ( 0.0 58 m )
Gv Mv
4
Kg
Kg
M V=
c =
992.215 3 =4 3.4721

1h
h
m
10 min(
)
60 min

V @T =106 C =535.2

QS = 43 .4721

Kcal
Kg

Kg
Kcal
Kcal
535.2
=23266.26792
h
Kg
h

)(

Para Qp:
Kcal
Kcal
=4944.07
h
h

||=( 23266.2679218322.18355 )

QP =QS Q
Efecto 2:
||+ M

H A =M P H P + E 2H E
Q

A2

H A =Cp T =1

Kcal
Kcal
( 760 ) C=76
Kg C
Kg

H P =Cp T =1

Kcal
Kcal
( 660 ) C=66
Kg C
Kg

H E =H E @ta +0.48A . P . E .=6 19.8

2

||=M

||=

H P + E 2H E M A H A
Q

P2

Kcal
Kcal
+ 0.48 ( 6652 ) C=6 25.72
Kg
Kg

Kg
Kcal
Kg
Kcal
+ (28.7503
( 625.72 )
( 141.6254
(76
)
(112.8751 Kgh )( 66) Kcal
)
)
Kg
h
Kg
h
Kg
Q

||=14675.86392

Kcal
h

Para Qs:
M V 2=E1
QS =E1 V
V @T =76 C =553.7

QS = 26.9236

Kcal
Kg

Kg
Kcal
Kcal
553 .7
=14 90.59732
h
Kg
h

)(

Para Qp:
||=( 14907.5973214675.86392 )

Kcal
Kcal
=231.7334
h
h

QP =Q SQ

Efecto 3:
||+ M

H A =M P H P + E3H E
Q

A3

H A =Cp T =1

Kcal
Kcal
( 660 ) C=66
Kg C
Kg

H P =CpT =1

Kcal
Kcal
( 550 ) C=55
Kg C
Kg

H E =H E @ ta +0.48A . P . E .=619.8
3

||=M

||=

H P + E3H E M A H A
Q

P3

Kcal
Kcal
+0.48 ( 5552 ) C=6 21.24
Kg
Kg

Kcal
Kg
Kcal
+ ( 37.8095 )( 621.24 )
(112.8751
(66
)
(75.0656 Kgh )( 55) Kcal
)
Kg
Kg
h
Kg
Q

||=20057.62518

Kcal
h

Para Qs:
M V 3=E 2
QS =E2 V
V @T =66 C =559.6

Kcal
Kg

QS =( 28.7503 ) 559.6

Kcal
Kcal
=16088.66788
Kg
h

Para Qp:
||=( 16088.667882005762518 )

Kcal
Kcal
=3968.96
h
h

QP =QSQ

5.-Eficiencia Trmica
Efecto 1:
Kcal
Q||
h
( 100 ) =
( 100 )=78.75
QS
Kcal
23266.26792
h
=
18322.19355

Efecto 2:
Kcal
Q||
h
( 100 ) =
( 100 )=69.4455
QS
Kcal
1490.59732
h
=
14675.86392

Efecto 2:
Kcal
Q||
h
( 100 ) =
( 100 )=124.669
QS
Kcal
16088.66788
h
=
20167.62518

6.-Fuerza Impulsora Total o la Transferencia de Calor (T) en (C)

T =Tv sat tx 3=( 10655 ) C=51 C
7.- Fuerza Impulsora a la Transferencia de Calor para cada efecto en (C)
Efecto 1:

 T =Tv sat tx 1=( 10676 ) C=30 C

Efecto 2:
T =Tv sat tx 2=( 7666 ) C=10 C

Efecto 3:
T =Tv sat tx 2=( 6655 ) C=11 C

8.- Coeficiente Global de Transferencia de Calor para cada efecto (Kcal/h*m 2*C)
Efecto 1:
||=UA T

Q
A= tLNt =( 0.03 m )( 2.54 m)( 4 )=0.95756 m2
Kcal
Q||
h
Kcal
=
=637.8083723
2
A T ( 0.95756 m2 )(30 C)
hm C
U =
18322.19355

Efecto 2:
||=UA T

Q
A= tLNt =( 0.03 m )( 2.54 m)( 4 )=0.95756 m2
Kcal
Q||
h
Kcal
=
=1532.631263
2
A T ( 0.95756 m2 )(10 C)
hm C
U =
14675.86392

Efecto 3:

||=UA T

Q
A= tLNt =( 0.03 m )( 2.54 m)( 4 )=0.95756 m2
Kcal
Q||
h
Kcal
=
=1904.24
A T ( 0.95756 m2 )(11 C)
hm 2 C
U=
20057.62518

Global

U T=

U 1+U 2+U 3
=
3

(637.8083723+1532.631263+1904.24)
3

Kcal
hm2 C

=1358.23

Kcal
hm2 C

9.-Factor de Economa, Capacidad de Evaporacin, Capacidad de transferencia

de Calor, en forma global y en cada efecto.
Efecto 1:
E
= 1 =
M V1

Kg
h
=0.0619
Kg
434.7208
h
26.9236

Kg
26.9236
E1
h
Kg
C E= =
=28.1169
A 0.95756 m 2
hm2

Q||
=
A

Kcal
h
Kcal
=19134.2512
2
0.95756 m
hm2
C TC=

18322.19355

Efecto 2:
Kg
E
h
= 2 =
=1.0678
M V2
Kg
26.9236
h
28.7503

Kg
E
h
Kg
C E= 2 =
=30.0245
2
A 0.95756 m
hm2
28.7503

Q||
=
A

Kcal
h
Kcal
=15326.31263
2
0.95756 m
hm2
C TC=

14675.86392

Efecto 3:
E
= 3 =
M V3

Kg
h
=1.3151
Kg
28.7503
h
37.8095

Kg
37.8095
E3
h
Kg
C E= =
=39.4853
2
2
A 0.95756 m
hm

Q||
=
A

Kcal
h
Kcal
=20946.6
2
2
0.95756 m
hm
C TC=

20057.62518

Global:

ET
M V1

ET =E1 + E2 + E3
ET =26.9236

Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
+28.7503
+ 37.8095
=93.4834
h
h
h
h

Kg
h
=
=0.21504
Kg
434.7208
h
93.4834

A T =3A=3( 0.95756 m2 )=2.872 62 m 2

Kg
93.4834
ET
h
Kg
C E= =
=32.5429
2
AT 2.87262 m
hm2
T
1
2
3
Q
Q
Q
Q

T
Kcal
Kcal
Kcal
Q 18322.19355
+14675.86392
+20057.62518
h
h
h

T
Q 53055.68265

Kcal
h

Q||
=
AT

53055.68265
2.8727 m

Kcal
h
2

=18469.43997

Kcal
2
hm

C TC=

10.-Clculos de las velocidades en cada efecto: calcular la velocidad de la

solucin diluida a la entrada de los tubos (fase lquida) y la velocidad del solvente
evaporado (fase vapor) a la salida de los mismos, en (m/s).
Efecto 1:
v A=

M A1
AA
2

A=0.785t =0.785(0.03 m) =0.0007065 m

A T =2 A=2 ( 0.0007065 m 2 )=0.0014 m2

207.2622
v A=

v E=

963.284

Kg
(0.0014 m2 )
3
m

=153.68721

m 1h
m
=0.042691
h 3600 s
s

E1
A

@t =102 C =1.58627

v E=

Kg
h

27.464

Efecto 2:

m3
Kg

Kg Kg
m3
1.58627
h h
Kg
m 1h
m
=31118.0852
=8.6439
2
h 3600 s
s
0.0014 m

)(

v A=

M A 2 A
A

A=0.785t 2=0.785(0.03 m)2=0.0007065 m2

A T =2 A=2 ( 0.0007065 m 2 )=0.0014 m2
3

A@ t=102 C =1.0451 x 10

v A=

v E=

179.7982

m3
Kg
3

)(

Kg
m
1.0451 x 103
h
Kg
m 1h
m
=134.2194
=0.03728
2
h 3600 s
s
(0.0014 m )

E2 E
A
3

E@ t =90 C =2.365

v E=

21.9712

m
Kg

Kg
m 3 m3
2.365
h
Kg Kg
m 1h
m
=37115.6343
=10.31
2
h
3600
s
s
0.0014 m

)(

Efecto 3:
v A=

M A3
AA
2

A=0.785t =0.785(0.03 m) =0.0007065 m

A T =2 A=2 ( 0.0007065 m 2 )=0.0014 m2

157.827
v A=

v E=

963.7

Kg
(0.0014 m2 )
3
m

=116.98

m 1h
m
=0.032494
h 3600 s
s

E3
A

@t =78 C =3.6992

v E=

Kg
h

17.577

m3
Kg

Kg
m3
3.6992
h
Kg

)(

0.0014 m

)=46443.456 m

1h
m
=12.901
(
)
h 3600 s
s

11.-Calcular el tiempo de residencia de la solucin dentro de los tubos en cada

efecto, en (s)
Efecto 1:
2

v v A
a= E
2S
Como

vA vA
f

vA 0
0

v E2
a=
2S
S=5.08m
2

m
(8.6439 )
s
m
a=
=7.3539 2
2(5.08 m)
s
De la ecuacin:

1
2
S= at r
2

t r=

2(5.08 m)
2S
=
=1.1754 s
a
m
7.3539 2
s

Efecto 2:
2

v v A
a= E
2S
Como

vA vA
f

vA 0
0

v E2
a=
2S
S=5.08m
2

m
)
s
m
a=
=10.4622 2
2(5.08 m)
s
(10.31

De la ecuacin:
1
S= at r2
2

t r=

2(5.08 m)
2S
=
=0.9855 s
a
m
10.4622 2
s

Efecto 3:
a=

v E 2v A 2
2S

Como

vA vA
f

vA 0
0

a=

vE
2S

S=5.08m
2

m
)
s
m
a=
=16.3815 2
2(5.08 m)
s
(12.901

De la ecuacin:
1
S= at r2
2

t r=

2(5.08 m)
2S
=
=0.7875 s
a
m
16.3815 2
s

Condensador
1.- Calor suministrado por el solvente evaporado (Kcal/h)
QS =E3v@ ta

QS = 37.8095

Kg Kg
Kcal
Kcal
566.11
=21403.95795
h h
Kg
h

)(

2.- Calor transmitido al agua de condensacin (Kcal/h)

||=W

Para

CpT
Q

H 2O

W H2O

W H 2 O =E

H E entH E sal
H wsal H went

Kcal
Kg

H E ent= v@ ta =5 66.1

Kcal
Kcal
( 350 ) C=35
kg C
kg

Kcal
Kcal
( 220 ) C=23
kg C
kg

Kcal
Kcal
( 350 ) C=35
kg C
kg

H E sal =Cp lT = 1

H went =Cp lT = 1

H wsal =Cp l T = 1

W H 2 O =37.8095

||=

Kg 566.135
Kg
=1673.385454
h
3523
h

Kcal
( 3 523 ) C=2008062545
(1673.385454 Kgh )( 1 Kcal
)
Kg
h
Q

3.- Calor no aprovechado (Kcal/h)

Kcal
Kcal
=1323.332502
h
h
QP =QS Q

||=( 21403.9579520080.62454 )

4.- Eficiencia Trmica (%)

Q||
( 100 ) =
QS

Kcal
h
( 100 )=93.82
Kcal
21403.95795
h
=
20080.62545

5.- La fuerza impulsora de transferencia de calor (C)

T=

T 1 T 2 2016
=
C=17.9257 C
T 1
20
ln
ln
T 2
16

( )

6.- Coeficiente Global de Transferencia de Calor (Kcal/h*m^2*C)

||=UA

Q
A= tLNt =( 0.03 m )( 2.54 m)( 4 )=0.95756 m2
A T =20.95756 m2=1.91512 m2
Kcal
Q||
h
Kcal
=
=584.932
2
A TT ( 1.91512 m2)( 17.9257 C)
hm C
U=
20080.62545

7.- La velocidad de agua de condensacin a la entrada y salida de los tubos, (m/s)

vw =
0

W H2O
H 2 OA T

A=0.785t 2=0.785(0.03 m)2=0.0007065 m2

A T =2 A=2 ( 0.0007065 m 2 )=0.0014 m2
1673.385454
v w =v W =
0

1000

Kg
h

Kg
(0.0014 m 2 )
3
m

=1195.275324

m 1h
m
=0.3321
h 3600 s
s

Tabla de Resultados
Evaporador
Efecto 1:
MA (Kg/h)
168.5490

MP (Kg/h)
141.6254

E (Kg/h)
26.9236

MV (Kg/h)
43.4721

QAbs (Kcal/h)
18322.19355

QS (Kcal/h)
23266.26792

QP (Kcal/h)
4944.07

(%)
78.75

30

U (Kcal/h*m2*C)
637.8083723

0.0619

CE (Kg/h*m2)
28.1169

CTC (Kcal/h*m2)
19134.2512

vo (m/s)
0.042691

Vf (m/s)
8.6439

tr (s)
1.1754

MA (Kg/h)
141.6254

MP (Kg/h)
112.8751

E (Kg/h)
28.7503

MV (Kg/h)
26.9236

QAbs (Kcal/h)
14675.86392

QS (Kcal/h)
14907.59732

QP (Kcal/h)
231.7334

(%)

Tx (C)

10

U (Kcal/h*m2*C)
1532.631263

1.0678

CE (Kg/h*m2)
30.0245

CTC (Kcal/h*m2)
15326.31263

vo (m/s)
0.03728

Vf (m/s)
10.31

tr (s)
0.9855

MA (Kg/h)
112.8751

MP (Kg/h)
75.0656

E (Kg/h)
37.8095

MV (Kg/h)
28.7503

QAbs (Kcal/h)
20057.62518

QS (Kcal/h)
16088.66788

QP (Kcal/h)
3968.96

(%)

Tx (C)

11

U (Kcal/h*m2*C)
1914.679468

1.3151

CE (Kg/h*m2)
39.4853

CTC (Kcal/h*m2)
20946.6

vo (m/s)
0.032494

Vf (m/s)
12.901

tr (s)
0.7875

Tx (C)

Efecto 2:

98.4455

Efecto 3:

Condensador

125.35

HEent (Kcal/Kg)

HEsal (Kcal/Kg)

HWent (Kcal/Kg)

HWsal (Kcal/Kg)

566.1

35

23

35

W (Kg/h)

QAbs (Kcal/h)

QS (Kcal/h)

QP (Kcal/h)

1673.385454

20080.62545

21403.95795

1323.332502

(%)

Tx (C)

U (Kcal/h*m2*C)

v (m/s)

93.82

17.9257

584.932

0. 3321