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2 Royal women
The royal women of Amarna have more surviving text
about them than any other women from ancient Egypt.
It is clear that they played a large role in royal and religious functions. These women were frequently portrayed
as being very powerful. Many of the kings daughters
(Amenhotep) had inuences as great if not greater than
his wives. Tiye and Nefertiti were the most inuential
of his wives, and Nefertiti was said to be the force behind the new monotheist religion. Nefertiti, whose name
means the beautiful one is here, bore six of Amenhoteps daughters. There is a debate whether the relationship between Amenhotep and his daughters was sexual. Although there is much controversy over this topic,
there is no evidence that any of them bore his children.
Amenhotep gave many of his daughters titles of queen.
Tiye, the kings chief wife, came to be known as the
commoner queen for the lack of royal blood. Tiye
came from a military family, and had inuence even after Amenhoteps death.[2]
Religious developments
3 Art
Main article: Amarna art
During Akhenatens reign, royal portraiture underwent
dramatic change. Sculptures of Akhenaten deviate from
conventional portrayal of royalty. Akhenaten is depicted
in an androgynous and highly stylized manner, with large
thighs, a slim torso, drooping belly, full lips, and a long
neck and nose.[3] Some believe that the break with convention was due to the presence at Amarna of new people or groups of artists whose background and training
were dierent from those of the Karnak sculptors.[4]
The events following Akhenatens death are unclear and
the identity and policies of his co-regent and immediate
successor are the matter of ongoing scholarly debate.
1
FOREIGN RELATIONS
5 Foreign relations
Map of the ancient Near East during the Amarna period, showing
the great powers of the period: Egypt (green), Hatti (yellow), the
Kassite kingdom of Babylon (purple), Assyria (grey), and Mittani
(red). Lighter areas show direct control, darker areas represent
spheres of inuence. The extent of the Achaean/Mycenaean civilization is shown in orange.
5.2
Amarna Letters
3
Tusratta to the pharaoh. The other correspondence of
note dealt with a gold status that was addressed in EA 26
and EA 27. Akhenaten married a princess of the Mittani
nation in order to create ties between the nations through
the bond or marriage.
Assur
Zubeidi
Mari
Imlihiye
Dur-Kurigalzu
kilometers
miles
100
Sippar
Susa
Babylon
Nippur
Isin
Babylonia
Kassites
13th century BC
Girsu
Uruk
Ur
Assyria EA 15-16
5.2.1
William Moran discussed how the rst line in these documents followed a certain pattern of Say to PN. Thus
PN. There are variations of this but was found common
among all the tablets. The other is a salutation which
is one a report of the monarchs well being and then
the second which is a series of good wishes toward the
monarch.[19] Indeed, this seems to be part of the style of
Akkadian style of writing which helped facilitate foreign
correspondence for the long term. As scholars argued,
this aided in ltering out the chauvinistic domestic ideology at home to the other monarch. This allowed diplomacy to ourish which aided to the relative peace of the
time.[20]
5.2.2
Brothership
Despite the fact that there are great distances between the
rulers. The concept of a global village reigned.
The importance of this in EA 7 is that it demonstrates the
mindset of the rulers in the Near East world at the time.
The enlarged village which scholars like to term permeated their thoughts where they took the idea of brotherhood. They were related through the political marriages
but is an idea of a village of clans which gives reason to
the good wishes and update on the health of the monarchs themselves. The monarchs seem to have very little
concept of the time of travel between each other and at
most likely saw that the village worldview they lived in
was applicable for the long distant correspondence of the
Amarna letters.[21] Indeed, there is a constant demonstration of love as seen in these letters. Scholars pointed out
that to demonstrate good friendship it had to be on the
practical level of constant stream of gift giving. This request for gifts is constant with the various correspondence
with the Great Kings.[22]
Gallery of images
Queen Tiye, matriarch of the Amarna Dynasty.
She was the mother of Akhenaten and wife of
Amenhotep III. She mainly ran Egypts aairs of
state for her son.
Akhenaten, born Amenhotep IV, began a religious
revolution in which he declared Aten was a supreme
god and turned his back on the old traditions. He
moved the capital to Akhetaten.
Queen Nefertiti, the daughter of Ay, married
Akhenaten. Her role in daily life at the court soon
extended from Great Royal Wife to that of a coregent. It is also possible that she may have ruled
Egypt in her own right as pharaoh, Neferneferuaten.
GALLERY OF IMAGES
5
The ruins of Akhetaten. Now commonly called
Amarna, Akhenatens capital city was abandoned by
Tutankhamun. It survived several years before being torn apart by Horemhebs orders.
See also
Foreign relations of Egypt during the Amarna period
Amarna letters
References
9.1
Text
Amarna Period Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarna_Period?oldid=666808318 Contributors: Charles Matthews, Robbot, Discospinster, Mandarax, Rjwilmsi, Markh, McGeddon, Chris the speller, NickPenguin, A. Parrot, Iuio, Doug Weller, JustAGal, Nick Number, Magioladitis, JaGa, VolkovBot, TXiKiBoT, PericlesofAthens, Fadesga, EoGuy, Burner0718, Addbot, West.andrew.g, AnomieBOT,
Xqbot, Nicolas Perrault III, LucienBOT, PigFlu Oink, MKFI, RjwilmsiBot, Ineverheardofhim, Beyond My Ken, ClueBot NG, Ecozart2,
ChrisGualtieri, Cml5911pl, Iry-Hor, Everymorning,
, Luna92, Bella Gambit and Anonymous: 26
9.2
Images
9.3
Content license