Study Report For Water Tightness Test (Mark 5)

Hong Kong Housing Authority
DMO/TWS
Study Report for body-shop works supervisor
II
22 August 2014
1 Introduction
Water seepage is one of the most common defect found in
high raise residential building, it will not only cause
damage to occupants property, it may cause sanitary
nuisance to the adjacent units. Moreover, excessive water
could damage to the building substrate, causing defects
like spalling concrete, such defects are possible to
endanger the public safety and shorten the life
expectancy of the building
Owner of building have the responsibility to carry out the
necessary investigation and repair work to resolve any
seepage problem to ensure a safe & hygiene environment
for the occupant.
Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)
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DMO/TWS
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22 August 2014
2 Possibly causes of water seepage

There is various causes of water seepage found in the
reinforced concrete building, but in most cases, water
seepage was caused by the following reasons:2.1 Leakage in the drainage pipes of the upper,
adjacent or your own flat.
2.2 Cracks developed on the partition wall, causing
damage of the water proofing system
2.3 Deterioration of the water proofing membrane
2.4 Seepage of waste water/ rain water through
roof/external wall
2.5 Non-standard tenant fixture/modification
Photos:
Descriptio
n:
2.1 Defective drainage pipe was noted, water

seepage causing peeling off of paint and rusting on
the pipe.
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DMO/TWS
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Descript
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22 August 2014
2.3 Water seepage caused by non-standard socket

installed by tenant on the dry wall of toilet. Thus,
waterproofing membrane on the toilet wall was
damaged.
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3 Repair method of water seepage

For the repair of water seepage in individual units in public
housing estate, 2 methods are commonly used:
Tanking method
Resin injection method
In vacant flat refurbishment, tanking method will be used
to repair the seepage problem in service area. Item
270210(For floor and skirting of toilet), 270230(For floor
and skirting of balcony and kitchen) & 270240(For wall of
one toilet) will be issued to tackle the water seepage
problem.
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4 Water seepage repair by Tanking method

in vacant flat
4.1 Material
The proprietary water-proofing material used in Choi
Wan (I) Estate vacant flat is Masterseal 540 supplied
by BASF. It is a water-proof coating designed to be used
as an effective water-proofing membrane.
Masterseal 540 is a two part, pre-packed system,
consisting: Part A liquid polymer (in 5kg or 10kg packing)
Part B pre-mixed powder (in 13kg or 26kg
packing)
4.2 Mixing
The mixing ratio of Masterseal 540 should be 10kg part
A with 26kg part B.
75% of liquid polymer should be add into a clean pail
first. Then add the Part B into the pail slowly with the
mixer running. Mix for at least 3 minutes to get a lumpfree homogeneous mix. Add the remaining 25% of Part
A to get the required consistency.
4.3 Application
The application of Masterseal 540 should be using a
paint brush to apply at least 2 layers to achieve an
effective tanking. The first layer should be dried before
the application of the second layer.
4.4 Storage
As recommended by the manufacturer use of part
packs should be avoided.
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Photos:
Descript
ion:
Masterseal 540 Part A & Part B
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DMO/TWS
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Descript
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22 August 2014
Heavy duty electric drill with wing type paddle
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5 Critical stages of Water seepage repair in

vacant flat
There are two critical stages of during water seepage
repair:5.1 Take down of existing tiles
Existing wall and floor tile including tile adhesive and
cement send backing should be taken down before the
application of water proofing material.
Any cracks and holes should be filled up with cement
send to provide a flush surface to ensure the water
proofing layer thoroughly applied on the floor and
skirting.
Any new door frames or thresholds should be installed
at this stage to ensure the integrity of the water
proofing layer.
The prepared surface should have adequate bonding
for plastering without loose material. Further checks
with void detector for any hollowed section are
recommended.
Water proofing material should be delivered on site at
this stage. Marking of site location and date are
required to make sure the material can only be used at
the subject location
Angle fillet should be applied before the application of
water proofing material
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22 August 2014
Photos:
Descript
ion:
Existing tiles and tile adhesive were hacked off
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DMO/TWS
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Descript
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22 August 2014
Void and cracks were filled up before applying

waterproofing material.
Photos:
Descript
ion:
New door frame and threshold were in-place
Descript
ion:
New pack of Masterseal 540 was marked with date and

site location
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DMO/TWS
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22 August 2014
Photos:
Descript
ion:
Angle fillet was applied before the application of tanking

material.
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22 August 2014
5.2 Water tightness test

After the tanking is completed, a water tightness test is
required to carry out to make sure the new water
proofing membrane is effective. The procedures of
water tightness test are listed as follow: Fill up the tanking with water of 50mm depth for at
least 8 hours
Check the used package of the water proofing
mater to make sure the material was used on site
Check the coverage of the water proofing layer,
normally the water proofing membrane will cover
not less than 300mm height at skirting above
finished floor level. For shower area, it will not less
than 1800mm height above finished floor level.
Check the workmanship of the water proofing layer
to eliminate any bubble/cracks/trowel marks on
the surface.
Check the adjoining area at living area for any sign
of leakage
For the shower area, use domestic type hand held
shower head with water pressure 20-30 bars to
conduct the water tightness test against the wall
surface for 4 minutes.
After the water tightness test is completed, check
the adjoining area again and the ceiling of the flat
below the subject flat to make sure there is no
leakage at the new tanking.
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Photos:
Descript
ion:
Used package of Masterseal 540
Descript
ion:
Check for the workmanship and coverage of the tanking
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22 August 2014
Photos:
Descript
ion:
Tanking area was filled by 50mm depth water for at least

8 hours.
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Descript
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22 August 2014
Adjoining area at living area was checked and no

seepage was noted.
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22 August 2014
Photos:
Descript
ion:
Conduct water tightness test with domestic type shower

head
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Descript
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22 August 2014
Water pressure: 30-35 psi
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DMO/TWS
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22 August 2014
Photos:
Descript
ion:
Try to gain access to the unit below for further checking
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DMO/TWS
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Descript
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22 August 2014
Check the ceiling of the unit below.
6 Water seepage repair by Tanking method

in occupied flat
The situation of repairing in occupied flat is different
from vacant flat because the whole process should be
completed within one day. Therefore, fast-set
cementitious waterproofing material was used in
occupied flat.
6.1 Definition of fast-set
Screeding or coating has an initial set time of about
30 minutes and enables foot traffic in one hour.
6.2 Material
The proprietary water-proofing material used in
Choi Wan (I) Estate occupied flat is Monoset RXG
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22 August 2014
supplied by Ronacrete. It is a water-proof coating

designed to be used as an effective water-proofing
membrane.
Masterseal 540 is a two part, pre-packed system,
consisting:Part A liquid polymer (in 5kg or 10kg packing)
Part B pre-mixed powder (in 13kg or 26kg
packing)
6.3 Critical stages
Similar to the method used in vacant flat, there are
two critical stages.
6.3.1 Take down existing tiles
Same as section 5.1
6.3.2 Water-tightness test
Water should be sprayed to the walls at a
height of 300 mm above finished floor level
or at the top junction between the existing
wall finishes and over the entire floor, floor
drain and bottom edge of shower tray for 4
minutes.
Immediately inspect the floor to check
whether ponding exists and the required falls
have been provided and the opposite side of
the wall where waterproofing system
applied.
After 30 minutes of the water spray, inspect
one floor below to check seepage at pipe
sleeves, at the trap at the soffit. If access to
the flat below cannot be gained, the
Contractor shall leave a feedback sheet at
the entrance door and request the
PAGE 21

Study Report For Water Tightness Test (Mark 5)

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Hong Kong Housing Authority

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

2 Possibly causes of water seepage

2.1 Defective drainage pipe was noted, water

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

2.3 Water seepage caused by non-standard socket

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

3 Repair method of water seepage

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

4 Water seepage repair by Tanking method

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Masterseal 540 Part A & Part B

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Heavy duty electric drill with wing type paddle

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

5 Critical stages of Water seepage repair in

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Existing tiles and tile adhesive were hacked off

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Void and cracks were filled up before applying

New door frame and threshold were in-place

New pack of Masterseal 540 was marked with date and

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Angle fillet was applied before the application of tanking

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

5.2 Water tightness test

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Used package of Masterseal 540

Check for the workmanship and coverage of the tanking

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Tanking area was filled by 50mm depth water for at least

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Adjoining area at living area was checked and no

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Conduct water tightness test with domestic type shower

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Water pressure: 30-35 psi

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Try to gain access to the unit below for further checking

Prepared by LEUNG Ho-yin (WS2/TWS12)

Hong Kong Housing Authority

Check the ceiling of the unit below.

6 Water seepage repair by Tanking method

Hong Kong Housing Authority

supplied by Ronacrete. It is a water-proof coating