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Abstract - Inorder to carry a communication channels thus the term, Communication transmission
signal from one end to another, we need a physical media. The quality of transmission is determined by
system which is the transmission medium. A both the characteristics of the medium and the
transmission medium is a material substance which characteristics of the signal.
can propagate energy waves. [1] Take for example, There are two basic categories of Transmission Media:
the transmission medium for sound received by the Guided media and unguided media
ears is usually air, but solids and liquids may also Basically, the guided transmission media uses a
act as transmission media for sound. This paper "cabling" system that guides the data signals along a
deals with the different transmission media: their specific path. The signals are bound by the "cabling"
characteristics, comparative advantages as well as system. Guided media is also known as bound media.
disadvantages. And the unguided transmission media consists of a
means for the signals to propagate but nothing to guide
I. INTRODUCTION them along a specific path and as such are often called
unbound media.
In telecommunications, transmission is the process
of sending, propagating and receiving an analogue or
digital information signal over a physical point-to-
point or point-to-multipoint transmission medium, II. TRANSMISSION MEDIA
either wired or wireless. [2] A transmission may be
simplex (one station is a transmitter and the other is There are design factors considered when using
the receiver), Half-duplex (both stations may transmit, transmission media: Bandwidth- higher bandwidth
but only one at a time), Duplex (both stations transmit gives higher data rates, Transmission impairments like
simultaneously). attenuation, interference and the number of receivers-
Many transmission media are used as communication in guided media, more receivers (multi-point)
introduce more attenuation.
For the guided media, the medium itself is more
important in determining the limitations of
transmission while for unguided media, the bandwidth
of the signal is more important than the medium
because the medium is shared by many applications. [4]
A. GUIDED MEDIA
They are often twisted together, bundled into These basically have a braided shield as an outer
cables and insulated. The nearby pairs have different conductor and the inner conductor is a solid metal. The
twist length inorder to reduce crosstalk. The twist two conductors are separated by an insulating material
length varies from 5 to 15cm, and wire thickness 0.4 to and are covered by padding.
0.9mm. Coaxial cables allow operation for a wider range
of frequencies, the conductor diameter range from 1 to
2.5 cm. Due to the shielding; coaxial cables are much
B. UNGUIDED MEDIA
• SATELLITE [6]
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_medium
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_(telecommuni
cations)
3. William Stallings, Data & Computer communications, 6th
Edition , November, 2, 1999
4. http://arquiredes.unsl.googlepages.com/
TransmissionMedia.pdf
5. Transmission media- guided and unguided by Norrima
Mokhtar
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