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What Is A Job Safety Analysis?

A job safety analysis is a procedure which integrates safety and health


practices into a particular operation. Typically, it is performed as part of a
safety audit. In a job safety analysis, each basic step of the job is examined
to identify potential hazards and to determine the safest way to do the job.
A job safety analysis can also be expanded to cover all aspects of the job,
not just safety. This approach, known as job and task analysis, is based on
the idea that safety is an integral part of every job and not a separate entity.

Why Perform A Job Safety Analysis?


A written safety program and training do not assure you of safety on the job.
Safety audits of work areas should be conducted periodically to show that
management is committed to safety. Job Safety Analysis:

Takes advantage of experience and promotes consensus.


Identifies undetected hazards and increases the job knowledge.
Helps determine appropriate PPE requirements.
Provides the details for written safe work procedures.
Serves as a teaching aid for initial job training.
Serves as a briefing guide for infrequent jobs or operations.
Provides a standard for health and safety inspections.
Assists in completing comprehensive accident investigations.

Job Safety Analysis Procedure


Ideally, all jobs should have a job safety analysis. Realistically, however,
there are practical limitations involved. Because of these limitations, it is
necessary to identify and prioritize the jobs to be analyzed. Factors we use in
prioritizing each task in a job safety analysis includes accident frequency and
severity; potential for severe injuries or illnesses, and how often jobs are
performed.
There are many ways to conduct a job safety analysis. Over time,
observation and team approaches have proven the easiest and most reliable.
By watching the tasks as they are performed, the observer can see first
hand what is required, recognize the hazards involved, and recommend
alternatives.
A job safety analysis identifies work-related hazards so that measures can be
taken to eliminate or control them. In most cases, this scrutiny also reveals
methods that can improve productivity as well. This is the biggest advantage
of using the job/task analysis method instead of the straight job safety
analysis.

Once the job safety analysis is complete, the results must be passed on to
all workers performing that job. The best way is a work procedure that lists
each step and describes what the worker must do to accomplish the task
without injury. These procedures integrate safety with the job and serve as
useful training aids as well. We think you'll agree that a job safety analysis is
in your best interest.

How Job Safety Analysis is Performed


There are Eight steps to performing a satisfactory Job Safety Analysis
1. Focus for assessment

A risk assessment is not a theoretical exercise. However, much


work can be done on paper from the knowledge you, your
employees or their representatives have of the workplace. A tour of
the workplace will be needed to confirm, amend or add detail to
your initial views.

2. Identify activities

To identify all potential safety hazards in the workplace, you should


first look at all activities that are carried out. Don't just look at
routine daily operations - consider all possible activities, including
occasional maintenance and visits to the workplace by third patties.

3. Identify hazards

Make a list of all hazards that are likely to occur for each activity.
Ignore the trivial and concentrate on significant hazards. Consider
hazards that may not be associated with particular activities - e.g.
fire.

4. Who is at risk

Decide who (e.g. employees, contractors, visitors etc) might be in


danger in the workplace, and note their location in relation to first
aid resources and evacuation routes.

5. Evaluate risk

Evaluate the risks arising from the hazards and decide whether
your existing safety control measures are adequate or whether
more should be done to get rid of the hazard or to control the risks.

6. Review controls

Look at the existing control measures that you have in place for
each identified risk and assess whether it is adequate and whether
more could be done to improve their implementation. Consider
whether new controls need to be introduced.

7. Record Decisions

Produce a JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS report, recording your


findings and details of the action you took as a result. Tell your
employees about your findings by distributing or publishing your
report.
Prepare an emergency plan. Inform, instruct and train employees in
Health & Safety procedures, including first aid.

8. Review Regularly

Keep the assessment under review and revise it when necessary.


Any material change in processes equipment or manpower should

prompt you to consider the need for a new job safety analysis

Potential hazards in the workplace


Portable and fixed electrical appliances
Tools and equipment
Storage of materials
Handling of materials
Trailing cables
Stairs and stairways
Congested walkways and corridors
Access and egress
Fire exits
Seating and workstations
Heating and ventilation
Lighting levels
Cleanliness and waste materials
Sanitary conveniences
Washing facilities
Facilities for eating and drinking
Chemicals
Cleaning substances
Dusts & powders
Biological hazards (bacteria, viruses, etc.)
Repetitive actions
Vehicle safety
Travelling for business
Working alone
Workplace violence (physical or verbal)
Stress

People affected by hazards


Staff
Work training schemes
Visitors
Contractors
Maintenance staff
Emergency staff
People with special needs (such as people with physical or learning difficulties, young

persons and pregnant women)


General public

Other specialist areas of assessment


Display Screen Equipment (VDU Assessment)

Manual Handling Operations


Hazardous Substances
Construction Work

Nobody knows as much about your business as you and the people who
work with and for you. Try to use your own knowledge and experience
and that of your colleagues and staff. Talk to your employees and listen
to their concerns. The safety representative (if there is one) and your
employees will have a valuable contribution to make. They can help you
identify key issues and may already have practical suggestions for
improvements.
Proper planning of your assessment, and any changes necessary because
of it, includes consulting the workforce and their representatives. This
can help ensure that any changes are introduced more easily and
accepted more readily. However, remember that risk assessment is
essentially a matter of applying informed common sense. You need to
identify what could reasonably be expected to cause danger.
It is important that you carry out your job safety analysis in a practical
and systematic way. It must take the whole of the workplace into
account, including outdoor locations and any rooms and areas which are
rarely used. If your workplace is small you may be able to assess the
workplace as a whole. In larger buildings, you will often find it helpful to
divide the workplace into rooms or a series of assessment areas using
natural boundaries, e.g. process areas, offices, stores, workshops as well
as corridors, stairways and external routes.
If your workplace is in a building shared with other employers, you and
all the other occupiers and any other person who has control of any other
part of the workplace will need to discuss your risk assessments. This will
help to ensure that any areas of higher risk, and the need for any extra
precautions, are identified.

What Is A Safety Audit?


A safety audit is a diagnostic tool used to assess and evaluate safety and
health activities in a workplace. Safety audits also provide information on the
effectiveness of your prevention activities and indicates areas where action is
needed to reduce worker exposures to hazardous machinery and substances.

Why Perform Safety Audits?


A written safety program and training do not assure you of safety on the job.
Safety audits of work areas should be conducted periodically to show that
management is committed to safety. Safety audits also:

Measure how well your safety program is functioning.


Identify problem areas which needs attention.
Monitor the effects of changes in the safety program.
Provide regular reviews ensuring continuous improvement in safety.
Allow input from all personnel on the practicality of safety measures.

The Audit Process


Industrial Training Solutions conducts safety audits of facilities and sites in
any industry. Safety audits include Worker Compensation document analysis,
work area inspections, and interviews with on-site staff and employees. In
addition, we review the company's Health and Safety Program, work
procedures, operation of the safety committee (if constituted), accident
investigation reports, and the Emergency Plan.
After each safety audit we submit a detailed report identifying each observed
violation or potential violation, the applicable OSHA standard violated, and
suggested corrective actions. Our safety audit report also identifies those
work areas that should have a Job Safety Analysis performed. We think you'll
agree that safety audits are in your best interest. Call us today for more
information on how our safety audits can help your organization!

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