Essential Grammar and Vocabulary Index

INDEX OF CONTENTS
Concept
Personal pronouns
Simple present: affirmative, negative, question
Word order
Yes/No questions: Auxiliary DO
Vocabulary: ordinal numbers
Vocabulary: Parts of day, days of week, months
Vocabulary: seasons of year, years
There is / There are
Some / any
Short answers
Basic verbs (vocabulary)
Vocabulary: the family
Vocabulary: daily objects
Irregular plurals
Speaking: small talk and introductions
Speaking: personal information
Possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her)
Possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers)
Personal object pronouns (me, you, him, her)
Reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself)
The alphabet and spelling
Vocabulary: jobs in English
Countable and uncountable nouns
Addresses in English
Preposition s of time
Adverbs of frequency
WH question words
Halloween
This/these, that/those
Question tag (el modisme veritat?)
Present simple and present continuous
Telling the time in English (What time is it?)
Ways to say goodbye in English
Prepositions of place
Past simple
Final ED pronunciation
Irregular verb list
ONLINE ENGLISH PRACTICE
Comparatives and superlatives
Quantifiers
Connectors
Verb tenses
Future
Survival English, course 2014-2015
Page
1, 12
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1, 23, 29
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8, 47, 48
9, 10, 13
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12, 21
12
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14
15, 16
18, 46
19
20
21
22, 41, 42
23, 24
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29-34
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31, 32, 33
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36-39
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Grammar and vocabulary, page 1
BASIC GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1. Personal pronouns + verb TO BE + verb TO HAVE + other
verbs
PRONOUM
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
-
TO BE
Am
are
Is
Is
Is
Are
Are
Are
TO HAVE
Have
Have
Has
Has
Has
Have
Have
have
TO SPEAK
Speak
speak
Speaks
Speaks
Speaks
Speak
Speak
Speak
Most verbs in English take a final -s to form the third person

singular (loves, works, plays).
Verbs ending in /sh/, /ch/, /x/, /o/ or /ss/ add an -e before the s (teaches, washes, goes, does, fixes, kisses)
Verbs ending in consonant + -y change -y to -ies (crycries, fly-flies, study-studies) and ending in vowel + -y they
maintain the -y (play, stay, say)
Have is irregular (have-has)
The normal word order in English is SVO (Subject + Verb + Object):

SUBJECT
I
We
The spa
Children under
12
VERB
am
have
costs
are
OBJECT
Spanish
different services
fifteen euros
free
This is the order in AFFIRMATIVE or POSITIVE.

For the NEGATIVE we use an AUXILIARY VERB and the particle NOT:
SUBJECT
I
We
The spa
Children under
12
You
VERB
1
am
have
NO
T
not
not
VERB 2
does
are
not
not
cost
do
not
speak
got
OBJECT
Spanish
different
services
fifteen euros
free
French
We usually contract the form:

Im not Spanish
We havent got different services
The spa doesnt cost fifteen euros
Children under 12 arent free
You dont speak French
We use HAVE differently in BrE (British English) and AmE (American
English):
BrE: We have got two cats / Have we got two cats? / We
havent got two cats
AmE: We have two cats / Do we have two cats? / We dont have
two cats
YES/NO questions:
- to be, to have: verb +subject + object
Example: He is Spanish ------------
Is he Spanish?
You have got a cat -----
Have you got a cat?
- other verbs: auxiliary + subject + verb +object
Example: I live in Sant Cugat -----
Do you live in Sant
Cugat?
He plays football-------
Does he play football?
The auxiliary is DO or DOES (3rd person singular) in PRESENT.
Different examples of word order in English:
Affirmat
ive
Negativ
e
Questio
n
She is my friend
Affirmat
ive
Negativ
e
Questio
n
We have got a lot of books/ We have a lot of books*
Affirmat
ive
Negativ
e
Questio
They live in a nice house
She isnt my friend / She isnt my friend

Is she my friend?
We havent got a lot of books/ We dont have a lot of

books *
Have we got a lot of books?/ Do we have a lot of books?*
They dont live in a nice house

Do they live in a nice house?
n
Affirmat
ive
Negativ
e
Questio
n
He drives his car every day

He doesnt drive his car every day
Does he drive his car every day?
2. Ordinal numbers
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
ZERO, OH (in telephone numbers)

ONE
11
ELEVEN
TWO
12
TWELVE
THREE
13
THIRTEEN
FOUR
14
FOURTEEN
FIVE
15
FIFTEEN
SIX
16
SIXTEEN
SEVEN
17
SEVENTEEN
EIGHT
18
EIGHTEEN
NINE
19
NINETEEN
TEN
20
TWENTY
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
TWENTY-ONE
TWENTY-TWO
TWENTY-THREE
TWENTY-FOUR
TWENTY-FIVE
TWENTY-SIX
TWENTY-SEVEN
TWENTY-EIGHT
TWENTY-NINE
1435
721.0
11
111.1
11
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
0
THIRTY
FORTY
FIFTY
SIXTY
SEVENTY
EIGHTY
NINETY
A HUNDRED
A THOUSAND
A THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED (AND) THIRTY-FIVE

SEVEN HUNDRED TWENTY-ONE THOUSAND (AND) ELEVEN
ONE HUNDRED ELEVEN THOUSAND ONE HUNDRED (AND)
ELEVEN
3. Parts of the day, days, months, years

Parts of the day
Morning
Midday/Noon
Afternoon
Evening
Night
Midnight
Before 12
12
12-18
18 and until you go to bed
When you go to bed or is really
late
00
Days of the week:

Sunday - Monday - Tuesday - Wednesday - Thursday - Friday Saturday
(we start the week saying Sunday and not Monday in English)
Months of the year:
January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September,
October, November, December
Seasons of the year: Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter
How to read years in English:
4. Pronunciation tips
listen:
/lisen/
/ki:s/
often:
/offen/
walk:
/uoc/
talk:
/toc/
/shi:p/
often:
/offen/
live /lif/
shit /shit/
ship /ship/
live:
life:
write:
right:
/lif/
/laif/
kiss
this: /dis/
/kis/
keys
leave /li:f/
sheet /shi:t/
sheep
these: /di:s/
/rait/l
/rait/
5. There is / There are

Singular:
Plural:
there is
+
there are
a/an/one .
+
some/(number) .
How many toys are there on the floor? There are three
Is there a dog in the picture?
No, there isnt any
6. Some / any
Any:
Some:
in negatives and questions

in affirmatives
Do you need any help?

Yes, please. I need some help
No, thank you. I dont need any.
7. Short answers
Has she got a pink T-shirt? No, she hasnt got any
Do you speak English? Yes, I do
Are you American? Yes, I am
8. Basic verbs
To have + a meal:
to have breakfast
to have lunch
to have dinner
to have a coffee/tea
to watch TV/a tennis match/a ski competition
to play
a game
cards
the piano/violin/flute/drums
to ride
to drive
a bike/a horse/ a scooter/ a motorbike

a car/a bus/a train/a plane
Phrasal verb: a verb which goes with certain prepositions:

to look at
to look around
to look after
to look down to
mirar
donar un cop dull
cuidar de (una persona, una casa, un animal, una
planta, un negoci)
mirar de forma despectiva
VOCABULARY: THE FAMILY

Immediate Family
Mascul
ine
Femini
ne
father
mother
son
daughter
brother
sister
husband wife
When you have children, you are a parent. One collective word to
describe brothers and sisters is siblings.
Different Generations
Masculine
Feminine
Forefathers
Great-great
grandfather
Great-great
grandmother
Great grandfather
Great grandmother
Grandfather
Grandmother
Father
Mother
Son
Daughter
Grandson
Granddaughter
Great grandson
Great granddaughter
Great-great
grandson
Great-great
granddaughter
Descendents
Relatives and Extended Family
grandparents: the parents of your parents
grandfather: the father of your father/mother
grandmother: the mother of your father/mother
grandchildren: the children of your children
grandson: the son of one of your children
granddaughter: the daughter of one of your children
great grandfather: the father of your grandfather/grandmother
great grandmother: the mother of your grandfather/grandmother
uncle: the brother (or brother-in-law) of your mother/father
aunt: the sister (or sister-in-law)of your mother/father
cousin: the child of your aunt/uncle
nephew: the male child of your brother/sister
niece: the female child of your brother/sister
The In-Laws
father-in-law: the father of your spouse
mother-in-law: the mother of your spouse
son-in-law: the husband of your daughter
daughter-in-law: the wife of your son
brother-in-law: the husband of your sister
sister-in-law: the wife of your brother
The Family Mix
"Step-" means that you are related as a result of one parent marrying
again
stepfather: the (new) husband of your mother
stepmother: the (new) wife of your father
stepson: the son of your (new) husband / wife
stepdaughter: the daughter of your (new) husband / wife
stepsister: the daughter of your stepmother or stepfather
stepbrother: the son of your stepmother or stepfather
Sometimes one of your parents gets married again and they have
more children. There
half-brother: the brother you have only one parent in common with .
half-sister: the sister you only have one parent in common with.
VOCABULARY: DAILY OBJECTS

Furniture in the dining room
Sofa
Chair
Armchair
Table
Bookcase
Shelf/shelves
Plant
TV/television
Carpet
Door
Portrait
Cupboard
Window
Picture
Clock
Lamp
Irregular plurals
Singular
Woman /wuman/
Man /man/
Child
Mouse /maus/
Fish
Sheep
Shelf
plural
women /wimin/
men /men/
children
mice /mais/
fish
sheep
shelves
Pronunciation tips
Crisps
Sausages
/crisps/
/sosagis/
picture
culture
Architecture
/pikcher/
/culcher/
/arquitekcher/
SMALL TALK AND INTRODUCTIONS

1. Small talk
To be kind
To be polite
Context:
situation
relationship
Using only first name (Laura, Evan, Tom)

- only in friendly situations (family, friends, children, co-workers
or colleagues)
- examples:
Hi, Tom. Do you want to go to a film tonight? (a man to
his friend)
Excuse me, Mary. What do you think of this
presentation? (a woman to a co-worker in the office)
Do you know the answer to number seven, Jack? (a
student to another student)
Using title and last name (surname): Mr Smith, Mrs Johnson

- at work, with supervisors or managers (talking with superiors)
- with senior people
- with adult people that you dont know
- in meetings, public speaking
- examples:
Good morning Ms Johnson. Did you have a good
weekend?
(a student to her teacher)
Mr Johnson, I'd like to introduce you to Jack West
from Chicago
(an employee introducing a colleague to his
supervisor)
2. Introductions and social language

Title: Mr
Ms
(Mister, for men)

(pronounced miss, for women in general)
Mrs (pronounced missis, for married women)

Miss (pronounced miss, for unmarried women)
Letters and writings:
Formal
Dear Sir/Madam,
()
Yours faithfully,
informal
Dear John,
()
Regards
A. introducing a person to another one

Structure:
(name), do you know (name)?
I'd like you to meet (name)
Tom
Example:
Laura, do you know Tom?
Laura, Id like you to meet
B- greeting that person

Ken: Laura, I'd like you to meet Mary.
Laura: How do you do?
Mary: How do you do / Pleased to meet you / Its a pleasure
Ken: Mary works for ...
What do you do?
vs
How are you?
1st time you meet a person:
A - How do you do?

B - How do you do?
2nd time you meet that person:
A How do you do?

B Fine, thanks!
Formal answers: Nice to meet you

Pleased to meet you
Its a pleasure
PERSONAL INFORMATION
What sort of questions do you ask?
type
kind
Age:
How old are you?

Whats your age?
Im 40 years old
Name:
Whats your name?
My names Sandra
Im Sandra
Birth:
Where were you born? I was born in Sabadell

When is your birthday? My birthday is on 14 May
When were you born? I was born on 14 May 1966
Nation: Whats your nationality?

Where are you from?
Im Spanish
Im from Spain
Live:
I live in Sant Cugat

1, Ignasi Barraquer, 2nd-3rd
Where do you live?

Whats your address?
Family: Are you married?
Yes, I am married
No, Im single
Have you got any brothers or sisters?
No, I haven t any
Yes, Ive got one brother and one
sister
Does your grandfather live with you?
Yes, he does
No, he doesnt
How old is your sister? Shes 15
Job:
nurse)
Whats your job?
Im a teacher (but I work as a
What do you do?

Where do you work?
Im a nurse
I work in Barcelona
I work in a hotel
I work at the fitness area of a hotel
in BCN
Hobbies:Whats your hobby?
music / reading
Whats your favourite film?
Have you got any hobbies?
I like dancing / listening to

My favourite film is Psicosis
No, I havent got any
House: How many rooms are there in your house?

There are four rooms
WORD ORDER in QUESTIONS:

a/ question words: to ask for a part of the sentence.
(Question word + verb or auxiliary +subject + verb 2 + object)
Mandy speaks French: WHO speaks French?
I speak German:
WHAT do you speak?
I go to the beach:
WHERE do you go?
I get up at 7:
WHEN do you get up?
This book is mine:
WHICH book is yours?
The cat is big:
HOW is the cat?
b/ YES/NO questions:
- to be, to have: verb +subject + object
Example: He is Spanish ------------
Is he Spanish?
You have got a cat -----
Have you got a cat?
- other verbs: auxiliary + subject + verb +object
Example: I live in Sant Cugat -----
Do you live in Sant
Cugat?
He plays football-------
Does he play football?
The auxiliary is DO or DOES (3rd person singular) in PRESENT.
PRONOUNS
Personal
subject
pronoun
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Possessive
adjective
Possessive
pronoun
My
Your
His
Her
Its
Our
Your
Their
Mine
Yours
His
Hers
Its
Ours
Yours
theirs
Personal
object
pronoun
Me
You
Him
Her
It
Us
You
them
Personal subject pronoun:

We live in Sant Cugat
I am forty years old
He has two books

They speak Chinese
Possessive adjective:
My father is French
Their car is red
This is his book

Whats your name?
Possessive pronoun
This car is hers
Your car is red. Mine is green
Those books are theirs
Personal object pronoun

This is a present for them
Nice to meet you
Introductions (presentacions)
Do you know each other?
Us coneixeu?
Carol, let me introduce John to you:

el John
Carol, let me introduce you to John:
presenti al John
Let me introduce myself:
Can you introduce yourself?
Carol, deixa que et presenti

Carol, deixa que et
Deixa que em presenti
Et podries presentar?
Family name
= last name
= surname (Bosch, Calatayud)
First name = given name
(Rosa, Meritxell)
Peter Sebastian Walker
Peter = first name, given name
Sebastian = middle name
Walker = surname, family name, surname
To meet a person
To have a meeting
= trobar-se a alg
= tenir una reuni
Reflexive pronouns
I
Myself
the bread
You
Yourself
yourself?
He
Himself
She
Herself
It
Itself
We
Ourselves
cola at the party
You
Yourselves
yourselves
They
Themselves
stickers themselves
I hurt myself when I was cutting

Emma, did you take the picture by
Robert made this T-shirt himself
Lisa often speaks to herself
The lion can defend itself
We helped ourselves with some
Tim and Gerry, if you want more milk, help
Alice and Doris collected the
False friends
To present = to make a presentation
To introduce = presenter a alg
Pronunciation tips
Know
/nou/
No
/nou/
Knowledge /nouleig/
love /lov/
law /lo/
laugh /laf/
Dead
Death
Died
/ded/ (adjectiu: mort)

kite
/dez/ (substantiu: mort)
/daed/ (participi passat: mort)
/kait/
bite
bike /baik/
/bait/
THE ALPHABET AND SPELLING
CLASSROOM LANGUAGE:
How do you spell ________________ in English?
Can you spell it, please?
How do you pronounce _______________ in English?
Whats mesa in English?
Can you repeat it, please?
Is it correct?
Its my turn!
Can you speak slowly, please?
JOBS IN ENGLISH
Shes a police officer. Shes a policewoman
Hes a police officer. Hes a policeman
Shes a nurse
Shes a lawyer
ENGLISH
SPANISH
accountant
contable
actor/actress
actor/actriz
air hostess
azafata
architect
arquitecto
baker
panadero
butcher
carnicero
chemist
farmacutico
cook
cocinero
dentist
dentista
doctor
mdico
driver
conductor
electrician
electricista
employee
empleado
engineer
ingeniero
farmer
granjero
fireman
bombero
fisherman
pescador
gardener
jardinero
hairdresser
peluquero
instructor
monitor
journalist
periodista
labourer
obrero
lawyer
abogado
mechanic
mecnico
nanny
niera
ENGLISH
SPANISH
Nun
monja
nurse
enfermero
office worker
oficinista
painter
pintor
pilot
piloto
plumber
fontanero
policeman
polica
politician
poltico
postman
cartero
psychiatrist
psiquiatra
psychologist
psiclogo
receptionist
recepcionista
salesman
vendedor
secretary
secretario
shoemaker
zapatero
shop assistant
dependiente
singer
cantante
student
estudiante
teacher
profesor
technician
tcnico
vet
veterinario
waiter/waitress
camarero/a
writer
escritor
Vocabulary
Some of my cousins live ABROAD = Some of my cousins live IN

ANOTHER COUNTRY
To look up a word in the dictionary = buscar una paraula al diccionari
I have a work colleague WHO is from Portugal. Hes Portuguese.
I have a car THAT is from Japan. It is Japanese.
Pronunciation tips
Musician
/musishan/
Electrician /electrishan/
Television /televishon/
euro /iuro/
Adverbs from adjectives

He is SAD.
He sings SADLY
She is HAPPY.
She dances HAPPILY
The price is EXACT
This is EXACTLY the price
Countable and uncountable nouns (I)

A noun can be countable:
One pen, two pens, forty pens.
Or uncountable:
One water, two waters, three waters
We use different words to count uncountable nouns:
A bottle of water, two bottles of water, three bottles of water
A glass of water, two glasses of water
Only with
With uncountable
uncountable nouns and countable nouns
How much?
How much or How
many?
a little
no/none
a bit (of)
not any
some (any)
a great deal of
a lot of
a large amount of
plenty of
lots of
Only with
countable nouns
How many?
a few
a number (of)
several
a large number of
a great number of
-
Examples:
I have a little money in my pocket
I have a few coins in my pocket
We use a large amount of rice to cook a paella
We use a great number of eggs to cook a cake
Addresses in English
St
Av
Blvd
Rd
Sq
Street
Avenue
Boulevard
Road
Square
Flat (BrE)
Apartment (AmE)
5, Sant Bartomeu St, 1st-2nd

(number, street, floor, door)
08172
SANT CUGAT DEL VALLS
(zip code, town or city)
BARCELONA
(area)
SPAIN
(country)
Where do you live ?

Whats your address ?
Do you live in an apartment or in a house?
Whats your home/land phone number?
Have you got an alternate phone?
Have you got an e-mail address?
@
=
at
.
=
dot
Whats your Social Security Number?
What is your marital status?
Are you married or single?
Whats the title of the job?
Whats your birth date?
When were you born? I was born on 27th June 1971
(nineteen seventy-one)
In, At, On + Time or Date

When is your birthday? Mine is ON October 12. When do you eat
lunch? I usually eat it AT noon. When does the school year begin in
your country? In mine it begins IN September.
Do you know which preposition to use before times, days, months and
years? Here is a reminder.
Don't forget to use...

in + month or year- In March, In 2003
on + date (with the year or without it) or day of the week- On
April 2, On March 3, 1999, On Saturday
at + clock time, midnight, noon- At 3:30 p.m., At 4:01, At noon
Remember also...
in + season- In the summer, In the winter
in + morning, afternoon, evening- In the morning, In the evening
at + night- At night
at Celebrations:
at Christmas (BUT on Christmas day)
at Easter (BUT on Holly Friday)
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES (revision)

My
My
car
cars
el meu cotxe
els meus cotxes
Your car
Your cars
His
Her
el teu cotxe / el vostre cotxe

els teus cotxes / els vostres cotxes
car
cars
Their car
Their cars
el seu cotxe (dell)

els seus cotxes (della)
el seu cotxe (dells)
els seus cotxes (dells)
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
WH Question Words
We use question words to ask certain types of questions. We often
refer to them as WH words because they include the letters WH (for
example WHy, HoW).
Question
Word
what
Function
asking
for
something
Example
information
about
What is your name?
asking for repetition or confirmation
What? I can't hear you.

You did what?
what...for
asking for a reason, asking why
What did you do that for?
when
asking about time
When did he leave?
where
asking in or at what place or position
Where do they live?
which
asking about choice
Which
want?
who
asking what or which person or

people (subject)
Who opened the door?
whose
asking about ownership
Whose are these keys?

Whose turn is it?
why
asking for reason, asking what...for
Why do you say that?
why don't
making a suggestion
Why don't I help you?
how
asking about manner
How does this work?
asking about condition or quality
How was your exam?
how + adj/adv
asking about extent or degree
see examples below
how far
distance
How far is Pattaya from

Bangkok?
how long
length (time or space)
How long will it take?
how many
quantity (countable)
How many cars are there?
how much
quantity (uncountable)
How much money do you

have?
colour
do
you
how old
age
How old are you?
PUBLIC HOLIDAYS IN ENGLAND

Federal holiday:
National holiday:
Public holiday:
day
Bank holiday:
public holiday in a federation

in Catalonia, 11th September
a holiday established by law. Its a non-working
colloquialism for public holiday in England
Abans del 1834 el Banc dAnglaterra va fixar 33 dies i festivals religiosos

com a festius, per en 1834 aquests es van redur a 4: 1st May (or May
Day), 1st November (All Saints Day), Good Friday (divendres Sant) i
Christmas Day. Actualment a Anglaterra hi ha vuit festius daquest tipus:
New Years day
Good Friday
Easter
Monday
1st May
Last Monday in May
Last
Monday in August
Christmas Day
Boxing Day (Saint Stephens Day)
HALLOWEEN 2014
October 31 is Halloween. On Halloween, children wear costumes and go
trick-or-treating. They knock on doors and say "Trick or treat." The person
who opens the door gives the children sweets. The children say "Thank
you." Adults like Halloween, too. They like to wear costumes to work and
attend parties. Orange and black are popular Halloween colours. Orange is
the colour of pumpkins and black is the colour of darkness. Halloween is a
fun holiday, but it is not a federal holiday.
When is Halloween?
It is on October 31.
In 2014, it is on a Friday.
On October 31 we say "Happy Halloween!"
Halloween is not a federal holiday.
What is the child in this picture doing?
He is selecting a pumpkin.
On Halloween, people cut faces on
pumpkins and put candles inside of
them.
They light the candles at night.
What are these children wearing?
They are wearing Halloween
costumes.
The witch is wearing a black dress
and a tall black hat.
What are these children doing?

They are trick-or-treating.
They are waiting for someone to
open the door and give them candy.
Who are these people?

They are pumpkinscarecrows.
The woman is on the left and the man is
on the right.
What kind of house is this?

It is a haunted house.
A full moon is out.
What is the skeleton doing?

He is holding a lantern and waiting
for the ship.
Ghosts live on the ship.
Who is this woman?

She is a fortune teller.
She can tell the future by looking
into the crystal ball.
Pronunciation tips
/dis/
/di:s/
/dat/
(THERE)
/dous/
(HERE)
El modisme veritat?
Desprs de la frase posem una coma I afegim el verb canviant el signe (en
negatiu si la frase est en afirmatiu, I en afirmatiu si la frase est en
negatiu) seguit del subjecte:
You are Spanish, arent you?
She isnt married, is she?
(est
You live in Madrid, dont you?
You dont speak Chinese, do you?
She eats a banana, doesnt she?
She doesnt go to Paris, does she?
(ets espanyol, oi?)

casada, oi?)
(vius a Madrid, oi?)
(no parles xins, oi?)
(ella menja un pltan, oi?)
(ella no va a Pars, oi?)
Simple present vs present continuous

Simple present
(Verb)
1. for habitual actions
2. for facts that are always true
3. for feelings or thoughts
Example: I run
What are they doing?
He is buying a newspaper
She is eating an ice-cream
He is walking slowly
Present continuous
(To be + verb + ing)
1. for actions happening now
2. actions happening in this period of
time
Example: I am running
They are running
I am listening to you
The time in English
What time is it?

Its.
20:15
Its a quarter past eight
quarter to eight
20:00
Its eight oclock
20:05
Its five past eight
19:45
20:30
20:40
Its a
Its half past eight
Its twenty to nine
Ten Expressions to say goodbye

Expression:
How to use the expression:
Bye!
Goodbye!
Bye for now!
See you!
See you later!
See you soon!
Im off
The most common

A little more formal
Informal and friendly. They mean
that you expect to see the other
person again soon.
Cheerio!
Catch you later!
Good night!
Informal and not very polite. You are

leaving without a farewell greeting
Informal and old fashioned
Very informal. You expect to see the
other person again soon
We only say it at night (when you go
home at night or when you go to
bed)
Other examples with See you:

See you tomorrow
See you in an hour
See you at work
Vocabulary and expressions

Lucky you!
Good luck!
It seems so
To take off
To land
To have a great time
Quina sort que tens!

Bona sort!
Ho sembla
enlairar-se
aterrar
passar-sho molt b
It depends on the moment

depends on the time
To live in the city centre
It depends on when
It
vs to live in the surroundings of the city
To look alike and to look like

to look like + object
to look alike + no object (+ plural subject)
"Sophie looks like her sister." (Sophie se parece a su hermana)
"Sophie and Kelly look alike." (Sophie y Kelly se parecen)
Agreeing / disagreeing
Speaker A:
Speaker B:
I like dogs
Me too
Speaker A: I dont like bananas

Speaker B: Neither do I
ADJECTIVE MODIFIERS
The
The
The
The
I
I
house
house
house
house
is
is
is
is
very
incredibly
astonishingly
am
am
very
really
big
big
big
big
nervous
nervous
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
QUESTIONS AND NEGATIVES WORD ORDER: REVISION

SIMPLE PRESENT:
Affirmative
negative)
Question
I speak English.
No, I dont
She comes to the party.
she doesnt
Ive got a pen.
No, I havent
I am American.
No, Im not
Answer (affirmative or
Do you speak English?

Does she come to the party?
Yes, I do /
Yes, she does / No,
Have you got a pen?
Yes, I have /
Are you American?
Yes, I am /
SIMPLE PAST:
Affirmative
negative)
Question
Answer (affirmative or
I spoke English.
didnt
She came to the party.
did / No, she didnt
I had got a pen.
No, I hadnt
I was American.
No, I wasnt
Did you speak English?
Yes, I did / No, I
Did she come to the party?
Yes, she
Had you got a pen?
Yes, I had /
Were you American?
Yes, I was/
SIMPLE PAST
a/ Verb TO BE, verb TO HAVE and regular verbs
PRONOUM
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
NOTES:
TO BE
was
were
was
was
was
were
were
were
TO HAVE
had
had
had
had
had
had
had
had
TO LOVE
loved
loved
loved
loved
loved
loved
loved
loved
1. To form the regular past of a verb we add ED to the verb:

listened, walked, watched
2. If the verb ends in CVC we double the final consonant before
adding ED:
stopped, added
3. We pronounce the final ED in three different ways:
/id/
wanted, started, ended
/d/
studied, loved
/t/
stopped, walked
4. In questions and negatives we put the verb in INFINITIVE and
use the
auxiliary DID
Did you go to school yesterday? No, we didnt
5. If the verb ends in E we only add D
LoveD, liveD
b/ Final ED pronunciation
The past simple tense and past participle of all regular verbs end in -ed.
For example:
base
verb
(v1)
past
simple
(v2)
past
participle
(v3)
work
worked
worked
We pronounce the final ED in 3 ways - / Id/ or / t/ or / d/

If the base verb ends in
one of these sounds:
example
base verb*:
examp pronou
le
nce
with
the -ed:
-ed:
extra
syllable?
unvoiced
/t/
want
wanted
yes
voiced
/d/
end
ended
unvoiced
/p/
hope
hoped
/f/
laugh
laughe
d
/s/
fax
faxed
/S/
wash
washe
d
/tS/
watch
watche
d
/k/
like
liked
all other sounds,

for example...
play
played
allow
allowe
d
beg
begged
voiced
/ Id/
/ t/
no
/ d/
no
* note that it is the sound that is important, not the letter or spelling. For
example, "fax" ends in the letter "x" but the sound /s/; "like" ends in the
letter "e" but the sound /k/.
b/ Irregular VERBS
Vowel and consonant changes
Base form
bring
buy
catch
fight
seek
teach
think
Past
brought
bought
caught
fought
sought
taught
thought
Past participle
Meaning
Past
bled
bred
crept
dealt
Past participle
Meaning
Past participle
begun
drunk
swum
rung
shrunk
sung
sunk
sprung
stunk
Meaning
Vowel change [i] to [_]

Base form
bleed
breed
creep
deal
dream
feed
feel
flee
keep
kneel
lead
leave
mean
meet
read [ri:d]
sleep
sweep
weep
dreamt
fed
felt
fled
kept
knelt
led
left
meant
met
read [red]
slept
swept
wept
[i] to [] to []
Base form
begin
drink
swim
ring
shrink
sing
sink
spring
stink
Past
began
drank
swam
rang
shrank
sang
sank
sprang
stank
[i] to []
Base form
cling
dig
fling
sling
slink
spin
stick
sting
string
swing
win
wring
Past
clung
dug
flung
slung
slunk
spun
stuck
stuck
strung
swung
won
wrung
Past participle
Meaning
Past
bound
found
ground
wound
Past participle
Meaning
Past
came
hung
heard
held
lit or lighted
lost
ran
said
sold
shone
shot
sat
slid
stood
struck
told
Past participle
Meaning
Past
bent
Past participle
Meaning
[ai] to [au]
Base form
Bind
find
grind
wind
Miscellaneous vowel changes

Base form
come
hang
hear
hold
light
lose
run
say
sell
shine
shoot
sit
slide
stand
strike
tell
Past tense ends in t
Base form
bend
build
lend
send
spend
built
lent
sent
spent
Participle ending in n
Base form
awake
be
beat
bite
blow
break
choose
do
draw
drive
eat
fall
fly
Forget
forgive
freeze
get
give
go
grow
hide
know
lie
ride
rise
see
sew
shake
show
sow
speak
steal
strive
swear
swell
take
tear
wear
weave
write
Past
awoke
was/were
beat
bit
blew
broke
chose
did
drew
drove
ate
fell
flew
forgot
forgave
froze
got
gave
went
grew
hid
knew
lay
rode
rose
saw
sewed
shook
showed
sowed
spoke
stole
strove
swore
swelled
took
tore
wore
wove
wrote
Past participle Meaning

awaken
been
beaten
bitten
blown
broken
chosen
done
drawn
driven
eaten
fallen
flown
forgotten
forgiven
frozen
gotten
given
gone
grown
hidden
known
lain
ridden
risen
seen
sewn
shaken
shown
sown
spoken
stolen
striven
sworn
swollen
taken
torn
worn
woven
written
Other irregular past forms

Base form
lay
pay
Past
laid
paid
Past participle
Meaning
have
make
had
made
Past simple: examples and practice

DID you GO to the cinema yesterday? Yes, I did.
DID you DO your homework yesterday? Yes, I did
Did you drink milk yesterday? No, I didnt. I drank coffee
Had you got a pet when you were a child? No, I hadnt.
ONLINE ENGLISH PRACTICE

Greetings:
http://eslgamesworld.com/members/games/grammar/sentences/greetings/gr
eetings.html
Film-elementary level:
http://film-english.com/category/elementary-a1-pre-intermediate-a2/
Introductions and small talk:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qa44S_B4xWQ
Grammar Simple present:
http://www.simpleenglishvideos.com/carters-breakfast/
Greetings and meetings (listen and repeat):
http://www.simpleenglishvideos.com/meeting-and-greeting/
Address (AmE) or AddrEss (BrE) (la majuscule indica on recau laccent tonic)
http://www.simpleenglishvideos.com/jennifer(
Make or do
http://www.simpleenglishvideos.com/make-or-do
Make or do (fixed expressions)
http://www.simpleenglishvideos.com/make-and-do-fixed-expressions/
COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

Comparative.
To compare two things we have two options:
a/ using as .. as (the adjective doesnt change)
b/ using than (the adjective can change depending on the number of
syllables)
She's twice as old as her sister.
He's not as stupid as he looks!
I'm almost as good in maths as in science.
This book is not as exciting as the last one.
The cafeteria is not as crowded as usual.
Russian is not quite as difficult as Chinese.
This computer is better than that one.
She's stronger at chess than I am.
It's much colder today than it was yesterday.
Our car is bigger than your car.
This grammar topic is easier than most others.
I find science more difficult than mathematics.
Today's ESL lesson was more interesting than usual.
When comparing with than some changes are necessary, depending on the
number of syllables the adjective has:
a/ 1-syllable adjectives: add -er to the adjective
My sister is much taller than me.
It's colder today than it was yesterday.
Note: If the word ends: consonant-vowel-consonant, then the last consonant
is usually doubled in the comparative. Examples: big-bigger, fat-fatter, hothotter.
b/ 2-syllable adjectives ending in -y: change the -y to -ier
She's looking happier today.
This grammar topic is easier than the last one.
Why is everyone else luckier than me?
Beware: Do not confuse adjectives and adverbs. 2-syllable adverbs ending
in -y must be compared with the word more. Example: I drive more quickly
(quicklier) than my brother.
c/ Other 2-syllable adjectives: use more with the unchanged adjective
The shops are always more crowded just before Christmas.
Is there anything more boring than reading about grammar?
My sister is more careful with her writing than I am with mine.
Note: The comparative of some shorter 2-syllable adjectives can be formed
with -er. Examples: simple-simpler, clever-cleverer, narrow-narrower. To be
sure which comparative method to use, you will need to consult a good
dictionary.
Adjectives with 3 or more syllables: use more with the unchanged
adjective
Russian grammar is more difficult than English grammar.
My sister is much more intelligent than me.
I find maths lessons more enjoyable than science lessons.

The older you get, the more irritating you become.
Superlative
In the superlative you talk about one thing only and how it is the best,
worst, etc. You do not compare two things. The following guidelines apply to
the superlative:
a/ 1-syllable adjectives: add -est to the adjective (plus the)
My sister is the tallest in our family.
Yesterday was the coldest day of the year so far.
Note: If the word ends: consonant-vowel-consonant, then the last consonant
is usually doubled in the superlative. Examples: big-biggest, fat-fattest, hothottest.
b/ 2-syllable adjectives ending in -y: change the -y to -iest (plus the)
The richest people are not always the happiest.
Which do you think is the easiest language to learn?
She's the luckiest person I know.
Beware: Do not confuse adjectives and adverbs. 2-syllable adverbs ending
in -y form their superlative with the words the most. Example: Of all the
people I know my father drives the most quickly (quickliest).
c/ Other 2-syllable adjectives: use the most with the unchanged
adjective
The most boring thing about ESL class is doing grammar exercises.
My sister is the most careful person I know.
Note: The superlative of some shorter 2-syllable adjectives can be formed
with -er. Examples: simple-simplest, clever-cleverest, narrow-narrowest. To
be sure which superlative method to use, you will need to consult a good
dictionary.
d/Adjectives with 3 or more syllables: use the most with the
unchanged adjective
Some people think that Russian is the most difficult language.
Albert Einstein was the most intelligent person in history.
My most enjoyable class is English.
You are the most irritating person I have ever met!
Following are two common irregular comaparative/superlative forms:
good-better-the best
bad-worse-the worst
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS
1-syllable adjectives
ending in a consonant with a single vowel preceding it
ending in "y"
1-syllable adjectives,
other cases
ending in "e"
ending in "y"
big
bigger
biggest
fat
fatter
fattest
red
redder
reddest
sad
sadder
saddest
thin
thinner
thinnest
dry
drier
driest
spry
sprier/spryer
spriest/spryest
wry
wrier/wryer
wriest/wryest
fast
faster
fastest
great
greater
greatest
quick
quicker
quickest
short
shorter
shortest
tall
taller
tallest
fickle
fickler
ficklest
handsome
handsomer
handsomest
polite
politer
politest
bumpy
bumpier
bumpiest
heavy
heavier
heaviest
icy
icier
iciest
shiny
shinier
shiniest
tiny
tinier
tiniest
able
abler
ablest
gentle
gentler
gentlest
hollow
hollower
hollowest
ending in "le", or "ow"
narrow
narrower
narrowest
shallow
shallower
shallowest
simple
simpler
simplest
beautiful
more beautiful
most beautiful
colorful
more colorful
most colorful
2 or more syllable adjectives,
complete
more complete
most complete
other cases
delicious
more delicious
most delicious
generous
more generous
most generous
important
more important
most important
bad
worse
worst
far (place)
farther
farthest
far (place or time)
further
furthest
good
better
best
late (time)
later
latest
late (order)
latter
last
little (size)
littler
littlest
little (amount)
less
least
many/much/some
more
most
old (people or things)
older
oldest
old (people)
elder
eldest
Irregular and confusing adjectives
TALKING ABOUT THE PAST & COMPARATIVES

When I was young I was more wrinkled than now
I amb less ingenuous now than when I was young
When I was young I was shyer than now
QUANTIFIERS
Neutral
Big quantity
Small quantity
Affirmative
Some, several, a
number of,
enough
Numerous,
plenty of, a lot
of, lots of, many,
too many
Few, a few,
little, a little
Negative
Any, enough
Interrogative
Any, enough
Much, many,
too many, too
much
Much, many,
too many, too
much
NOTES:
Very + adjective
(He is very intelligent, We are very happy)
A lot of, lots of noun (I have a lot of friends)
A lot, very much
(sempre a final de frase: I love you a lot, I
love you very much)
Examples:
I
I
I
I
have
have
have
have
We
We
We
We
some books
Have you got any books? I havent got any books
several books
enough books
a (large) number of books
have
have
have
have
numerous problems
a lot of problems
lots of problems
many problems
Have you got many problems?
We have much money

We have too much money
Very:
Several, some, any:
Enough:
molt (adverbi)
alguns, algunes, una mica de
suficient, suficients
Plenty of, a lot of, lots of, many, much:

molt, molts, molta, moltes
Too much, too many:
massa
Few, little:
A few, a little:
massa poques
poc, poca, pocs, poques

massa poc, massa pocs, massa poca,
INFORMATION QUESTIONS (WH- QUESTIONS)

Use this question word
to ask about
Who*1
people (names and other identifying information) used

as subjects*
Whom*2
people (names and other identifying information) used

as objects*
What
things (subject or object)
Whose*3 ( + noun)
ownership
Where
locations (places)
When
time (general)
What time
time (specific)
What . . . do
actions (verbs)
Why
reasons
What ( + noun)
one part of a group (when all of the parts are not

known)
Which ( + noun)
one part of a group (when the parts are known)
What kind of ( + noun)
descriptive names for categories
What color
colors
How
manner; methods
How many ( + noun)
number (used with countable nouns)
How much ( + noun)
quantity (used with uncountable nouns)
How long*4
duration (periods of time); length
How far*4
distance
How old*4
age
How *4( + adjective or

adverb)
degree or extent
NOTES (1-4):
1. WHO for subjects: without auxiliary verb

Who speaks German?
He does (He speaks German)
2. WHOM for objects (formal English): with auxiliary verb
WHOM do you love?
I love him
(formal English and oldfashioned)
WHO do you love? I love him
(informal English)
Clue: If the answer is HE = subject (Who + verb)
If the answer is HIM =object (Who + auxiliary)
3. WHOSE for ownership, to ask who owns something
Be careful: Whose Whos (the pronunciation is the same but the grammar
is different)
4. HOW + adjective in questions:
HOW LONG does it take to . go from here to the station?
do this exercise?
HOW FAR is it from here to the station?
HOW TALL is your brother?
HOW HEAVY is this bag?
HOW WIDE is this river?
There are six basic forms used in making information questions:
a/ 2 with verb TO BE:
1-Wh + BE + other words (the question asks about the subject or
part of the subject)
Who is in the kitchen?
What is on the
table?
How many books are there on the table?
2-Wh + BE + subject + other words (the question asks about the
object)
Whose book is this?
Where is Bill?
b/ 2 with an auxiliary verb +main verb
1-Wh + complete verb + other words (the question asks about the
subject or part of the subject)
Who is sitting next to you?
What has
happened?
2-Wh + auxiliary + subject + rest of the verb + other words (the
question asks about the object)
What have you found?
What is she doing
now?
c/ 2 if there is only a verb (not BE and not AUXILIARY)
1-Wh + verb + other words (the question asks about the subject or
part of the subject)
Who has a new car?
What happened?
2-Wh + do/does/did + subject + main verb + other words (the

question asks about the object or the verb)
What does she have?
Who did you find
there
CONNECTORS
AND:
My father works in a factory and comes late home
BUT:
Im tired but I cant stop working now
THEN:
Cut one apple. Then, put in on a plate
SUDDENLY: He opened the door. Suddenly, a man appeared in front of him and
he shouted
FIRST/
SECOND:
First, put on your shoes. Second, put on your coat
BEFORE/
AFTER:
your shoes
You put on your shoes after your coat/ Put on your coat after
HOWEVER: He is very intelligent. However, he is very rude

NEVERTHELESS:
old car
He is very rich. Nevertheless, he doesnt want to change his
MOREOVER: She is studying French. Moreover, she speaks English, Spanish and
German
SO:
He is ill, so he will not go to work today
BECAUSE:
He will not go to work today because he is ill
AS:
As he is ill, he will not go to work today
ALTHOUGH: He is very intelligent, although he is very rude
COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS (II)

Countable
Uncountable
You can count them

another word
You cannot count them (or you need

to make them countable)
Singular: use the, a, an, one

SOME
Plural: use SOME or a number
Many
Few
A few
A lot of
Lots of
Some
demands)
Any
You only use the singular form, with
much
little
a little
a lot of
lots of
some
(affirmative, offers or
any
(negative and questions)
(A) little and (a) few are quantifiers meaning some.

We use a little with singular uncountable nouns. We use a few with plural
countable nouns:
Mary said nothing, but she drank some tea and ate a little bread.
We stayed a few days in Florence and visited the museums.
Little and few have negative meanings. We use them to mean not as much
as may be expected or wished for.
We use little with uncountable nouns. We use few with plural countable
nouns. They are used in formal contexts:
Im not very happy about it but I suppose I have little choice.
Few cities anywhere in Europe can match the cultural richness of Berlin.
Compare
All she wanted was a few moments on her
own.
some, a small number
She had few moments on her own.
not many/almost none
She saves a little money every month.
some, a small amount
They had little money to spend.
not much/almost
nothing
A:
Have you got any money?
B:
Yes, a little.
A:
Have you got any money?
B:
No, very little.
some, a small amount
not much/almost
nothing
HOW TO FORM THE PLURAL IN ENGLISH

A/ Regular plural
******* -> -S
SINGULAR
PLURAL
Table
Tables
Book
Books
Car
Cars
Bottle
Bottles
B/ Regular plural with spelling changes

SINGULAR
PLURAL
Fox
Foxes
Box
Boxes
Baby
Babies
Teddy
Tedies
Lorry
lorries
C/ Irregular plurals
*** -> EN
SINGULAR
PLURAL
child
children
man
men
ox
oxen
woman
women
NO CHANGE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
deer
deer
fish
fish
series
series
sheep
sheep
species
species
OO -> EE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
foot
feet
goose
geese
tooth
teeth
OUSE -> ICE

SINGULAR
mouse
PLURAL
Mice
F -> VES
SINGULAR
PLURAL
elf
Elves
wolf
Wolfes
shelf
Shelves
leaf
Leaves
thief
thieves
FUTURE: WILL OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS

WILL:
A/ No plan or decision to do something before we speak. We make the
decision spontaneously at the time of speaking.
(I think Ill go to the gym tomorrow)
B/ Prediction about the future (but without a firm plan). We say what we
think will happen, but it is not sure, it is only a prediction.
(It will rain tomorrow)
C/ With verb TO BE, with planned or not planned future actions
(Ill be in London tomorrow)
(Will you be at work tomorrow?)
PRESENT CONTINUOUS OR GOING TO
For plans or intentions to do something.
Going to: personal plans, things you plan yourself
(Im going to study Arabic in September)
Present continuous: plans you do with other people. Arrangements or
appointments.
(Im seeing an old friend on Wednesday)
(We are playing tennis next Sunday)
BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH

BRITISH
Have you got a pen?
Aeroplane
Aubergine
Bank holiday
Holiday
Biscuit
Blind
Block of flats
Car park
Chemist
Chips
Crisps
Bill
Cinema
Film
Lift
Taxi
Underground
AMERICAN
Do you have a pen?
airplane
eggplant
legal holiday
vacation
cookie
shade
apartment building
parking lot
drugstore
French fries
chips, potato chips
check
the movies
movie
elevator
cab
tube
DATES IN BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH

British English
In British English the day is usually put before the month. If you wish, you
can add the ending of the ordinal number. The preposition of before the
month is usually dropped. You can put a comma before the year, but this is
not common anymore in British English.
Example: 5(th) (of) October(,) 2004
You
write:
You say:
the
Day
Month
Year
1st
January,
2010
January
twenty ten
first
of
Note: The two letters at the end of the number and the comma are often
left out.
American English
In American English the month is usually put before the day. If you wish,
you can put the definite article before the day. It is common to write a
comma before the year.
Example: October (the) 5(th), 2004
Month
Day
Year
You
write:
January
1st,
2010
You say:
January
first
twenty ten
(the)*
* The definite article the can be left out.
Using digits
You can also write the date by using numbers only. The most common
forms are:
Example: 5/10/04 or 5-10-04
Note, however, that 5/10/04 usually means 5 October 2004 in British
English and May 10, 2004 in American English. To avoid any possible
confusion, you should spell out the month or use the abbreviation.
1. We use 'many' with countable nouns and 'much' with

uncountable ones in negative sentences and questions. 'Many'
agrees with a plural verb, 'much' agrees with a singular verb.
We haven't got much time.
How many books did you buy?
2. We use 'a lot of' and 'plenty of' with countable and
uncountable nouns in affirmative sentences. Both can agree
with a plural or singular verb depending on the noun after 'of' plural for countable nouns and singular for uncountable ones.
There are a lot of chairs in the room.
There are plenty of chairs in the room.
There is a lot of milk in the fridge.
There is plenty of milk in the fridge.
3. We use 'lots of' with countable and uncountable nouns. It is
clear for me that I should use a plural verb with countable
nous:
There are lots of chairs in the room.
But which verb should I use with uncountable nouns? I can't
use a plural verb because the noun in uncountable, but it
seems rather awkward to use a singular verb here:
There is lots of milk in the fridge.
Where am I wrong?
Only with uncountable
nouns
With all nouns
Only with countable nouns
a little
no, none, not any
a few
a bit of
some
a number of
any
several
a lot of, lots of
a great number of
a great deal of
Only with uncountable

nouns
With all nouns
Only with countable nouns
a large amount of
plenty of
a large number of
EXAMPLES
Would you like some tea and a few cookies?

I always put a little milk and some carrots in my soup.
He has several apples. I don't have any fruit at all.
She has plenty of clothes for the winter.
I recieved a large amount of feedback from my survey.
USING MUCH & MANY

Much and many are often used in negative and question
Countable noun
Uncountable noun
How much sugar do you have?
How many people came to the concert?
There's not much sugar at the store.
Not many people came to the concert.
I have too much sugar at home.
There were too many people at the concert.
I don't know what to do with so much sugar.
It's a problem when there are so many people.
I wish there was not so much sugar here.
There were not so many people last year.
There is a lot of sugar in candy.
There are many people who want to come. = There are a

lot of people who want to come.
forms. They are also used with too & so in both affirmative and negative statements.
Note that while many can be used by itself in affirmative statements, much cannot
be. Much is replaced by a lot of or lots of in affirmative statements (manycan be
replaced as well.)
She talks so much.

She talks too much.
She talks a lot.
She talks very much.

Essential Grammar and Vocabulary Index

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INDEX OF CONTENTS

Survival English, course 2014-2015

Grammar and vocabulary, page 1

BASIC GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

Most verbs in English take a final -s to form the third person

The normal word order in English is SVO (Subject + Verb + Object):

This is the order in AFFIRMATIVE or POSITIVE.

Survival English, course 2014-2015

Grammar and vocabulary, page 2

We usually contract the form:

We have got a lot of books/ We have a lot of books*

They live in a nice house

She isnt my friend / She isnt my friend

We havent got a lot of books/ We dont have a lot of

They dont live in a nice house

Survival English, course 2014-2015

Grammar and vocabulary, page 3

He drives his car every day

ZERO, OH (in telephone numbers)

A THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED (AND) THIRTY-FIVE

3. Parts of the day, days, months, years

Grammar and vocabulary, page 4

Days of the week:

5. There is / There are

Grammar and vocabulary, page 5

in negatives and questions

Do you need any help?

a bike/a horse/ a scooter/ a motorbike

Phrasal verb: a verb which goes with certain prepositions:

Survival English, course 2014-2015

Grammar and vocabulary, page 6

VOCABULARY: THE FAMILY

Grammar and vocabulary, page 7

Survival English, course 2014-2015

Grammar and vocabulary, page 8

VOCABULARY: DAILY OBJECTS

Survival English, course 2014-2015

Grammar and vocabulary, page 9

SMALL TALK AND INTRODUCTIONS

Using only first name (Laura, Evan, Tom)

Using title and last name (surname): Mr Smith, Mrs Johnson

2. Introductions and social language

(Mister, for men)

Mrs (pronounced missis, for married women)

A. introducing a person to another one

B- greeting that person

How are you?

1st time you meet a person:

A - How do you do?

2nd time you meet that person:

A How do you do?

Formal answers: Nice to meet you

Survival English, course 2014-2015

Grammar and vocabulary, page 11

How old are you?

Whats your name?

Where were you born? I was born in Sabadell

Nation: Whats your nationality?

I live in Sant Cugat

Where do you live?

Family: Are you married?

Whats your job?