Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
October 2013
Email: kaivan.karimi@freescale.com
Blog: https://community.freescale.com/community/the-embeddedbeat/blog/authors/kaivankarimi
Building Automation
Smart City
Smart Lighting
Smart Grid
Smart Health
Industrial Automation
TM
TM
TM
Or .Traditional network
developers talking about Internet
of Things, think this represents a
TM
TM
...or this
TM
TM
Machine to Machine
Machine to Infrastructure
Machine to Environment
Machine to Human
TM
Cellular-Centric View
Billions of subscribers,
trillions of objects,
All seamlessly
connected to
the cellular
infrastructure
Sens
ors
Relays
Cellular
WiFi
Ambiance
Femto
TM
Mesh
Second View
Pervasive Remote Monitoring and/or Control
New breed of
heirarchical
gateways
connecting tiny
sensing nodes to
the Cloud using
the most efficient
ways to make
the connection
TM
Fundamental Difference
Existing ISP Providers Believe in this Model
Cellular
Cloud
TM
Satellite
Cellular
Cloud
Fiber
Best
Available
Route to
Cloud
Gateway
Box
TM
Proprietary
Cellular
Cloud
Fiber
Gateway
Box
TM
TV White Space,
Sub-gig, etc.
Ex: Weightless
Spectrum cost
Capacity
Cost of devices
Others
TM
Internet of Things
Different Services,
Different Technologies
Smart
Grid
Auto
Safety
M2M
Smart
Cars
BLDG
Automation
MANY
OTHER
SERVICES
Smart
Homes
Is Everywhere!
Remote
Appliance
Avoidance
Smart
Tags
Air Quality
Control
SMART
Technology
Innovations
Smart
Lighting
Supply Chain
Automation
Smart
Energy
Pedestrian
Navigation
Applications
Smart
Health
Software
Sensing
Accelerometer
Magnetometer
Gyroscope
Pressure
Altimeter
Temperature etc.
TM
TM
Embedded
Processing
MCU
MPU
Hybrid MCU/MPU
Network Processor
Technology
Connectivity
NFC
6LoWPAN
Sub-Gig
ZigBee
GPS
BT/BTLE
Wi-Fi
RFID
Cellular
MCUs
Energy
Sensors
Connectivity
Edge Nodes
PAN/LAN
Connectivity
Gateway
WAN
Connectivity
Cloud
Application/
Action
TM
Big Data
MCUs
Energy
Sensors
Connectivity
Edge Nodes
PAN/LAN
Connectivity
Gateway
WAN
Connectivity
Cloud
Application/
Action
TM
Big Data
MCUs
Energy
Sensors
Connectivity
Edge Nodes
PAN/LAN
Connectivity
Gateway
WAN
Connectivity
Cloud
Application/
Action
TM
Big Data
Edge Nodes
Java to enable the developers of the edge nodes with the same
solution categories as the rest of the network
MCUs
Energy
Sensors Connectivity
Edge Nodes
PAN/LAN
Connectivity
Gateway
WAN
Connectivity
Cloud
Application/
Action
TM
TM
Big
Data
Edge Nodes
There are as many types of edge nodes
as there are applications, however all
could/would include:
An MCU
Sensors (and actuators)
Integrated connectivity
Energy source
TM
TM
Very small
Low cost
Low power
Low complexity
MCUs
Cars Powertrain
Performance
Factory Automation
Solar Inverters
200 MHz
Wearables
Point of Sale
Motor Control
Insulin Pump
Meters
100 MHz
Appliances
2-Way Radios
Smart Home
50 MHz
Lighting
32 KB
TM
TM
2M
MCUs
Energy
Sensors
Connectivity
Edge Nodes
PAN/LAN
Connectivity
Gateway
WAN
Connectivity
Cloud
Application/
Action
TM
Big Data
Landline
Phone
Landline
Phone
Cable/
Satellite
Cable/
Satellite
Mobile
Phone
Mobile
Phone
Home Gateway
Quad Play
Internet
Triple Play
Security
Smart
Energy
Electric
Water
Gas
Home
Health
Traditional Service
Providers
Elderly
Monitoring &
Care
Home Meal
Services
TM
Home
Automation
Services
Remote
Education
Home
Landscape &
Maintenance
Remote Pet
Care
New Types of
Infotainment
Many Other
Services
Bluetooth
Switching &
Routing
Zigbee, 802.15.4
WiFi, DASH7,
ISA100
Wireless HART,
EnOcean
Wireless MBus
Collection of
edge/sensing
node devices
What Devices to
Monitor/ Control
Ethernet, EtherCAT,
Profinet, Modbus,
Protocol
Conversion
Firew
all &
VPN
Secu
rity
NAN/WAN Side
Superset of Standards
Ethernet / Fiber
Display
BAN/PAN/LAN/HAN Side
Superset of Standards
What Short-range
Device Access Link
802.11ah
Cellular
Sub Gig
One Box
Gateway
Satellite
Storage
PLM/PLC (G3,
Prime, etc.)
HPGP
Etc.
Weightless
Targeting CPE
Cloud
Etc.
What Cloud
Access Link
Optimize the communications, processing, and storage requirements of all stakeholders (i.e. telco
providers, security, utility, energy, automation, control, and other future service providers), @Home,
@Factory, @Hospital, or other target facilities / environments
TM
Complexity
2. Industrial revolution
follows introduction of
electricity-powered mass
production based on the
division of labor
1. Industrial revolution
follows introduction of waterand steam-powered
mechanical manufacturing
facilities
End of 18th
century
Complexity and
Productivity
Growing
Start of 20th
century
Start of 1970s
Today
Time
TM
Peripheral Equipment
Corporate Office
Factory metrics,
forecasting and
planning
External
Device
Server
FIELDBUS *
802.15.4
Wireless ***
Variable
Speed Drive
PLC Rack
Motor Drive
PLC
PLC
I/O
I/O
Industrial
Networking
(Ruggedized)
Ethernet
Switch
Sensors
PAC
Gateway or
Firewall
Protocol
Convertor
I/O Devices
Process
Controller
Robotics
PLC
HMI
HMI Panel
Operator
Console
Motion
Controller
Proprietary I/O **
Actuators
Speed
Sub-millisecond
Internet
TCP/IP
IRT
100ms+
10+
msec
Standard
Communication
TM
1-10ms
<1
msec
Factory
Automation
<1ms
<1
sec
Motion Control
Application
Industrial
Consumer &
Industrial
Consumer
Topology
Power
Modulation
Scheme
Operatin
g Band
# of
nodes
Data
Rate
Range
Application
Cost
Adder
Standard
Bluetooth
Star
Low
2.4-2.48G
700kbs
< 30m
low
IEEE 802.15.1
Bluetooth Low
Energy (BTLE)
Star
Very Low
DSSS
2.4-2.5G
App specific
1Mbps
5-10m
low
Bluetooth v4.0
Z-wave
Mesh
Very Low
GFSK
908M
up to 232
40Kbs
30m
low cost
NA
DASH7
P2P - BLAST
Very low
GFSK or FSK
433MHz
up to 8
< 200kbps
< 2km
EnOcean
Mesh
Very low
Amplitude SK
315MHz,
868.3MHz
1000s
125kbps
30-300m
ZigBee
Mesh, Star,
Tree
Very Low
2.4G
up to 250
250kbs
10-300m
DSSS
2.4G-5.8G
32
11-100Mbs
2.4GHz
Unlimited
(IPv6
addresing)
Wi-Fi
ISO/IEC 14543-310
medium
IEEE 802.15.4
4-200m
Internet, multimedia
medium
IEEE 802.11a, b,
g, n, ah
250kbps
200m
High
ANSI/ISA100.11a2011
ISA100.11a
Mesh, star
TDMA, channel
Very low hopping, Configurable
time slot
Wireless HART
Mesh, Star
Very Low
TDMA, channel
hopping,
Fixed time slot
2.4GHz
< 30,000
devices
250kbps
200m
High
IEC 62591-1
Wireless Mbus
Linear, Star
Low
FSK
169MHz,
433MHz,
868Mhz
Up to 250
2.4kbps
300m-1km
medium
EN13757-4:2005
and 2012
TM
Modulation
Scheme
Operatin
g Band
# of
nodes
Data
Rate
Range
Application
Cost
Adder
Standard
Weightless (TV
White Space)
Mesh
very low
Time-division Duplex
(TDD)
Unused
TVWS
96
0.1-16Mbs
up to 10Km
low
Weightless SIG
ETSI-TV White
Space
Mesh
very low
OFDM
Unused
TVWS (470790MHz)
Many
1.6Mbps
up to 10Km
low
50k-1.6Mbps up to 10Km
low
IEEE
802.15.4m/D3
802.15.4m (TV
White Space)
Peer-peer or
very low
Star
Unused
TVWS (54862MHz)
Many
Wi-Fi
DSSS
2.4G-5.8G
32
11-100Mbs
4-200m
Internet, multimedia
medium
IEEE 802.11a, b,
g, n, ah
Wimax
Mesh
High
Scalable OFDM
2.3G, 2.5G,
3.5G
1000's
11-100Mbs
50km
high
IEEE 802.16
Star, Mesh
Very Low
to Low
Varies
433/868/900
MHz; 2.4GHz
10-1000
250kbs
10-70m
medium
N/A
Varies
28kbps (1G)
to 100Mbps
(LTEA)
up to 30km
high
Cellular
Star
High
TM
Consumer
Topology
Power
Modulation
Scheme
# of
nodes
Data
Rate
Range
Application
Cost
Adder
Standard
HomePlug Green
PHY (HPGP)
Mesh
Medium
(4W)
Repeating
node/OFDM
up to 1155
4Mbps
100m
(excellent)
high
IEEE 1901
HomePlug AV
Mesh
High
(15W)
120Mbps
100m
(excellent)
Multi-media
Very high
IEEE 1901
UART (serial
communication)
Simplex, fullduplex
Medium
Non-Return to Zero
(NRZ)
< 3Mbps
1-10m
Periphery - computer
medium
USB (serial
communication)
Simplex, fullduplex
Medium
Spread Spectrum
< 128
Periphery - computer
medium
USB Standard
Ethernet
Line, Star,
Tree
High
PAM or PWM
Many
medium
IEEE 802.3
Line, Star
low-high
PAM or PWM
Many
10-150m (data
rate
dependent)
medium
ISO 16484-5
Line, Star
High
FSK
< 350m
medium
EN 50090,
ISO/IEC 14543
Free
Medium
Differential
Manchester
Encoding FM
Bus and/or
Star
Low
Manchester
Encoding
BACnet (MS-TP)
and BACnetIP
480Mbps
(USB 2.0)
2-5m
5Gbps (USB
3.0)
10Mbps< 100m (100,
1Gbps
1000Base-T), <
(futrue: 10- 250m (10Base100Gbps)
T)
1-100Mbps
(Ethernet)
KNX
LONWorks
(Local
Operating Network)
DALI
(Digital Addressable
Lighting Interface)
TM
up to 64
on one
9.6Kbps
bus
32,000
nodes/do 3.6-5.4Kbps
main
upto 64
1200bps
< 130m
300-600m
low
IEEE 1473-L
IEC 60929
Mesh, dualmesh
Low (2W)
Repeating
node/OFDM
up to
65535
40-125Kbps
1km (good)
medium
ITU T G.9904
Mesh, dualmesh
Low (2W)
Repeating
node/OFDM
up to
65535
40-125Kbps
1km (good)
medium
ITU G.9955
Mesh, dualmesh
Low (2W)
Repeating
node/OFDM
up to
65535
125Kbps
1km (very
good)
high
IEEE 1901.2
PROFINET
Tree, Star,
Ring, Bus
Medium
Ethernet
IEEE 802.3
Many
10Mbps
< 100m
high
EtherCAT
Line, Star,
Tree
High
Ethernet
IEEE 802.3
up to
65535
> 100Mbps
< 100m
medium
IEEE 802.3
(Industrial Protocol)
Line, Star,
Tree
High
Ethernet
IEEE 802.3
Many
10M-1Gbps
100-250m
medium
IEEE 802.3
Ethernet
POWERLINK
Line, Star,
Tree, daisy
chain
High
Ethernet
IEEE 802.3
Many
10M-1Gbps
100-250m
medium
IEEE 802.3
IO-Link
Point-point
low
RS232
point to
point
230Kbps
20m cable
low
IO-Link
PROFIBUS
Bus, Tree,
point-point
low
RS485 differential
127
up to
12Mbps
high
IEC61158
CAN Open
Line
low
CAN bus
< 2000
1 Mbps
medium
CAN
AS-interface
high
Alternating Pulse
Modulation
62
1.2 kbps
high
HART
multidrop
low
4/20mA; 8PSK
up to 15
1.2kbps
high
HART
RS-485
Point-point,
multi-drop
Medium
FSK, others
possible
32
35Mbps
low
ANSI/TIA/EIA485-A-1998
Industrial
(PROcess
FIeld NETwork)
(Control
Automation
Technology)
EtherNET/IP
TM
100m-1.2Km
(data rate
dependent)
50m full
speed andup
to
5km
100m
segments
up to 3 km
(load
dependent)
1.2km
BAN/PAN/
LAN/HAN
BAN/PAN/
LAN/HAN
LAN/NAN
G
Zigbee
LAN/NAN
BTLE
Wi-Fi
HPGP
Cloud
WAN
Cloud
LAN/NAN
BAN/PAN/
LAN
G
G
LAN/NAN
Edge/Sensing Nodes
TM
Gateway
Single family
home/simple entity
WAN
Edge/Sensing
Nodes
Number of Sensing
Nodes/Processing
Density Requirements
Gateway
Use Case
Requirements
TM
Vertical Segment
Requirements
Additional Considerations
Co-existence With Legacy Standards
Almost all of the existing markets have entrenched legacy standards
The evolutionary path in non-green-field markets means a transition period
were existing and future standards both need to be supported
Gateway box needs to support both, and have a Protocol Conversion function
that supports various topologies, depending on use cases
It also needs to have modularized HW and SW that can easily support a cost
reduction path with only the newer targeted standards
Overlapping Services/Functions
Smart Home
Focus on home automation, but includes energy
management
Smart Car
Charging electric vehicles (EV) can be done in the home
garage, making the car a part of the grid
Smart Energy
Focus on reducing energy consumption at a variety of
facilities, including at home
Smart Grid
Focus on optimizing grid utilization
The Smart Car will use the home garage charging station to charge up overnight
Home Automation service provider becomes aware of this, based on the home gateway communication, and
passes on the message to the Smart Grid service provider to ensure enough capacity in the neighborhood (in
case of multi-vehicle charging)
Home Energy Management (HEM) service provider logs the energy usage and works with the Smart Car
gateway to coordinate with other appliances at home, as well as potentially available energy from solar or wind
harvesting at home
TM
MCUs
Energy
Sensors
Connectivity
Edge Nodes
PAN/LAN
Connectivity
Gateway
WAN
Connectivity
Cloud
Application/
Action
TM
Big Data
TM
CoAP
Java ME
Sensor Interface
Freescale
Solutions
Freescale MPU
Linux OS
Phy Interface
Sensor
Data
TM
GMI
Gb Phy
Freescale MPU
Board Design
JAVA SE Apps
Wrapper
Local
Directory
JAVA Embedded
Suite (JES)
Sensor
Data
ZigBee Data
VLAN, DNS,IPS
Encrypted Data
Open SSL, DTLS
TR69 Remote
Provisioning
JAVA VM
(SE)
Wi-Fi Data
Bluetooth LE
Data
ZigBee 2.0
Gb Enet
Bluetooth 4.0
Wi-Fi
JAVA
Database
USB2
USB2
GMI
SDIO
FLASH
USB2
Think-Eco
USB2
802.15.4
Gb Phy
On-board
8 GB Flash
TM
Xtrinsic Sensing
Connectivity
Edge products:
Very small
Low cost
Low power
Low complexity
Industrial grade & robust
Kinetis
Microcontrollers
Vybrid Controller
Solutions
i.MX Applications
Processors
A balanced approach is
needed to establish the right
infrastructure for IoT
Freescale + Oracle Introducing
The Worlds First Secure Service
Delivery Infrastructure
Based on Open Platforms
TM
TM
TM