SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY

Branch of Saudi Plastic Products Co. Ltd.

C.R. 2050050912

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UPVC PIPES AND FITTINGS

For Water Supply
Irrigation Systems
Soil, Waste Discharge
Drainage & Sewerage
Cable Ducts and Conduits

SAPPCO THE LEADING NATIONAL FACTORY FOR UPVC PIPES

Publication P.3, Issue 5

March - 2009

NOTES :

SAPPCO Dammam Factory

SAPPCO UPVC, with Rubber Seal Joint

Foreword

There has been a tremendous growth in the industrial, commercial,

and housing sectors and in all types of public amenities in Saudi

Arabia. For this growth, pipelines are needed to convey water and

sewage, and to protect telecommunication and electrical cables. To

fulll this need, Saudi Plastic Products Co. Ltd. was formed with the

aim of producing, in Saudi Arabia, a full range of unplasticised

SAPPCO DAMMAM
FACTORY

polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) pipes and ttings to internationally

recognised standards and Saudi Arabian Standards.

SAPPCO-DAMMAM also manufacture:

- CPVC pipes for Hot water distribution systems
- Polyethylene (PE100/PE80) pipes for various services
applications
- Polyethylene sub-duct/miniduct for Fibre Optic
Cable/Telecom.
- PVC pipes to American Standards

Our model factory in Dammam Industrial Estate is equipped with the

most advanced extrusion systems available today and we are able to

supply complete UPVC, CPVC and HDPE pipelines at relatively short

notice for either new projects or additions to, or replacement of,
existing pipe lines.

We are condent that pipe of our manufacture is especially suited to

the needs and environment of Saudi Arabia and the surrounding

Countries and are proud that SAPPCO by producing pipes locally is
contributing to the industrialisation of Saudi Arabia.

SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY was formed with manufacturing

capacity of 14000 Tons of pipe products.

Our afliated company APLACO in Riyadh manufactures UPVC and

CPVC pipe ttings designed to standards for use with SAPPCO

pipes. The Comprehensive range of ttings is available from our
factory stores.

Introduction

This is a technical handbook for the engineers who designs and

installs water and sewage pipelines and it contains the most
up-to-date information now available, based on world wide know how
and technical knowledge.

The period of pioneering the use of UPVC pipes for the distribution of
water and sewerage is past and UPVC is widely established
throughout the world because of its many advantages over other
materials.

High quality pipes are manufactured within a EN ISO 9001:2008

certied quality management system.

In addition to the Riyadh Plant SAPPCO have built a model factory in

Dammam and equipped it with the most modern machinery available,
using many automated techniques to produce UPVC pipes to
exacting standards.

The accumulated knowledge of our Technical Advisors is freely

offered to engineers and our Technical Service Department is
available at all times to offer guidance and advice on the use of
SAPPCO UPVC pipes.

Consultants and Engineers are welcome to visit our ofces, factory

and laboratory at the Dammam Industrial Estate, Dammam-Alkhobar,
Highway, for full discussions and to assure themselves that our
production and testing facilities are of the highest order.

We also cater for the Telecommunication and Electrical Engineer with

the supply of UPVC conduits and Ducts. For any information please
contact our Technical Sales Engineers.

PROPERTIES
MATERIAL : Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride (UPVC)
TABLE 1 : All values at 23C unless otherwise specied

PROPERTY
General Properties:

Density
Water absorption (boilingwater x 24h)
Poissons Ratio
Friction Co-efcient, Hazzen William

Mechanical Properties:

Tensile strength ultimate

Modulus of Elasticity in tension
Compressive strength
Flexural strength
Izod Impact strength
Hardness (Rockwell)
(Durometer)

Thermal Properties:

Deection temperature
Vicat softening temperature
Co-efcient of linear Th-Expansion
Specic Heat
Thermal conductivity

Flammability Properties:
Flammability (resistance)
(UL-94/0.062)

Electrical Properties:
Dielectric Constant
Dielectric Strength
Volume resistivity

UNIT

VALUE

g / cm3
mg / cm2
Factor C

1.42
<4
0.35 - 0.38
150

MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
J/m of notch
R
D

>52
3180
65.5
93
55-60
119
>703

C
C
mm/m C
Kcal/kgC
W/m C/m2

> 78
> 80
0.08
0.23
0.15

Resistance
Rating

Self extinguishing
V-O

60 cps @ 30C
volts/mil
ohm.cm

4.00
1100
> 1014

Note : 1.1 : This data is based on information obtained from samples tested or provided by material
manufacturer. It should be used as a general recommendation only and not as a guarantee of
performance or longevity.

SAPPCO pipe is made from unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride UPVC

Compound fully meeting the requirements of the manufacturing
standards. SAPPCO UPVC Compound consist substantially UPVC resin
and to which only those additives are added which facilitate the
production of sound, durable and high quality pipes fully conforming to
the requirements of all relevant manufacturing Standards.

Material
Classication

TABLE 2 : MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION

STANDARD

DESCRIPTION

CLASSIFICATION VALUE

EN ISO 12162

CLASSIFICATION

PVC-U 250

EN ISO 12162

MIN. REQUIRED STRENGTH

MRS, 25 MPa

ASTM D 1784

CELL CLASS

12454

ASTM D 1784

DESIGNATION

PVC 1120

Manufacturing
Standards

SAPPCO manufacture UPVC pipes to ISO 161-1 Metric Series species

the nominal outside diameters for conveyance of uids in pressure and
non-pressure applications. It also species nominal pressure rating,
MRS and overall service (design) Coefcients for thermoplastic pipes for
pressure application. Table 3 describe the manufacturing standards.

TABLE 3 : PIPE MANUFACTURING STANDARDS

ORGANIZATION

COUNTRY
SAUDI ARABIA

EUROPIANS

INTERNATIONAL

Chemical
Resistance

SAPPCO PVC Pipe satisfy the

requirements of DIN 8061 supp. 1
and ISO/TR 7473. Our pipe has
excellent chemical resistance to
strong acids and bases.

CODE

STANDARD NUMBER

SSA

14, 15, 255

DIN

8062, 16873, 16875

DIN EN

1329-1, 1401-1

BS EN

1329-1, 1401-1, 1452 (imperial)

ISO

161-1,3633, 4435

Strong Oxidants
Halogens

Excellent

Aromatic Solvents
Esters & Ketones

Good
Fair
Poor

Fig 1

Weak Acids
Weak Bases
Salts
Strong Acids
Strong Bases
All kind of water

Aliphatic Solvents

SAPPCO UPVC Pipe Dimensions

TABLE 4 : SAPPCO UPVC Pipe dimensions based on SSA 14, DIN 8062 and ISO 161-1
Nominal
outside
diameter
mm

CLASS 2
PN 4
Nominal
Wall
mm

Nominal
Weight
Kg/m

CLASS 3
PN 6
Nominal
Wall
mm

Nominal
Weight
Kg/m

CLASS 4
PN 10
Nominal
Wall
mm

Nominal
Weight
Kg/m

CLASS 5
PN 16
Nominal
Wall
mm

Nominal
Weight
Kg/m

16

1.2

0.090

20

1.5

0.137

25

1.5

0.174

1.9

0.212

32

1.8

0.264

2.4

0.342

40

1.8

0.334

1.9

0.350

3.0

0.525

50

1.8

0.422

2.4

0.552

3.7

0.809

63

1.9

0.562

3.0

0.854

4.7

1.29

75

1.8

0.642

2.2

0.782

3.6

1.22

5.6

1.82

90

1.8

0.774

2.7

1.13

4.3

1.75

6.7

2.61

110

2.2

1.16

3.2

1.64

5.3

2.61

8.2

3.90

125

2.5

1.48

3.7

2.13

6.0

3.34

9.3

5.01

140

2.8

1.84

4.1

2.65

6.7

4.18

10.4

6.27

160

3.2

2.41

4.7

3.44

7.7

5.47

11.9

8.17

200

4.0

3.70

5.9

5.37

9.6

8.51

14.9

12.8

225

4.5

4.70

6.6

6.76

10.8

10.8

16.7

16.1

250

4.9

5.65

7.3

8.31

11.9

13.2

18.6

19.9

280

5.5

7.11

8.2

10.4

13.4

16.6

20.8

24.9

315

6.2

9.02

9.2

13.1

15.0

20.9

23.4

31.5

355

7.0

11.4

10.4

16.7

16.9

26.5

26.3

39.9

400

7.9

14.5

11.7

21.1

19.1

33.7

29.7

50.8

450

8.9

18.3

13.2

26.8

21.5

42.7

500

9.8

22.4

14.6

32.9

23.9

52.6

560

11.0

28.1

16.4

41.4

26.7

65.8

630

12.4

35.7

18.4

52.2

30.0

83.2

710

14.0

45.3

20.7

66.1

Notes : 4.1 : Nominal pressure (PN) in BAR, Nominal outside diameter and nominal wall thickness are
based on overall service (design) Coefcient of C = 2.5
4.2 : Shaded sizes and class are only manufactured on special request.
4.3: 1 BAR = 0,1 MPa = 0,1N/mm2 = 100 kPa = 14.5 psi = 1,02 kg/cm2 = 0,987 atm = 10 meterhead water
4.4: 1 meter,m= 39.37 in = 3.281 ft = 100 cm = 1000 mm = 1.094 yd = 0.001 km
8
4.5: Colour : Grey

Pressure
Pipes for Potable
Water Supply

SAPPCO DAMMAM UPVC pipe is produced from specic pipe grade suspension
PVC homopolymer and only recommended additives are added to give optimize
processing and generate desirable physical charateristics in the pipe.
Table 5 shows the range of UPVC pipes of two different pressure ratings 10 Bar
and 16 Bar for potable water supply, irrigation or for any other under-pressure
system. The pressure ratings indicated are the continuous working pressures at
20C temperature for portable water.

TABLE 5 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON SSA 14, DIN 8062

Nominal
Outside
Diameter, mm

16

20

25

32

40

50

63

75

90

110

140

160

225

280

315

Class 4 (10 Bar)

Nominal wall
Thickness, mm

1.5

1.8

1.9

2.4

3.0

3.6

4.3

5.3

6.7

7.7

10.8

13.4

15.0

Class 5 (16 Bar)

Nominal Wall
Thickness, mm

1.2

1.5

1.9

2.4

3.0

3.7

4.7

5.6

6.7

8.2

10.4

11.9

16.7

20.8

23.4

Notes : 5.1 : Nominal Pressure and wall thickness are based on Cefcient C 2.5
5.2 : Colour : Grey
5.3 : Specify joint, Rubber seal or solvent weld when ordering.
EFFECT OF
ELEVATED
TEMPERATURE

UPVC pipe is suitable for water application upto 60C (140F) and relationship between recommended
maximum working pressures and various temperatures for pipes to ISO and DIN Standards is given in
Table 6.

TABLE 6 : TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE RELATIONSHIP

C

20

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

68

86

95

104

113

122

131

140

Factor

1.00

0.90

0.80

0.70

0.64

0.44

0.33

0.26

Working (Operating)
Temperature
Derating Factors
Suitable at elevated temperature

TABLE 7 : COMPARISON OF PIPE CLASSIFICATION

SAPPCO CLASS
Class 2
Class 3

Class 4

Class 5

ISO

161-1

Rating

PN 4

PN 6

PN 10

PN 16

SSA

14

Class

DIN

8062

Series

ISO

4422

Series

20

16.7

10

6.3

EN

1452

Series

16.7

10

6.3

SDR 51

SDR 34

SDR 21

SDR 13.5

SDR CLASSIFICATION

Notes : 7.1 : Classication is according to different standards based on metric systems dimensions
7.2 : Comparison is in relation to design Coefcient of C = 2.5
7.3 : Standard Dimension Ratio SDR = Outside dia / wall thickness

Pipes for Soil,

Waste discharge
within building
structure

Table 8 shows the range of UPVC pipes in two types - Type B and Type BD for soil,
waste discharge inside the buildings; Type BD is particularly suited for maximum
service life with intermittent domestic hot and cold water discharge for inside
buildings and buried within the building structure.

TABLE 8 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON DIN EN 1329-1 and ISO 3633

Nominal size
DN / OD

32

40

50

63

75

82

90

110

125

140

160

200

250

315

Type : B
Nominal wall
Thickness, mm

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

Type : BD
Nominal Wall
Thickness, mm

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.2

3.2

3.5

4.0

4.9

6.2

7.7

NOTES : 8.1 : EN 1329-1 identical to BS EN 1329-1 and DIN EN 1329-1

8.2 : EN 1329-1 replaces DIN 19531, BS 4514
8.3 : Type B used for inside building
8.4 : Type BD used for inside building and buried in ground within building structure
8.5 : DN/OD : nominal size to outside diameter related.
8.6 : Colour : Grey

Pipe for
underground
Drainage and
Sewerage

Table 9 shows the range of UPVC pipes for below ground drainage and sewerage.
SDR 34 (SN 8) being suited for maximum service life for the area under and within
one meter from the building where pipes and ttings are buried in ground and are
connected to the soil and waste discharge system and SDR 41 (SN 4) for the area
more than one meter away from the building.

TABLE 9 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON DIN EN 1401-1 and ISO 4435

Nominal size
DN / OD

110

125

140

160

200

250

315

355

400

450

500

630

710

SDR 41 (SN 4)
Nominal Wall
Thickness, mm

3.2

3.2

3.5

4.0

4.9

6.2

7.7

8.7

9.8

11.0

12.3

15.4

17.4

SDR 34 (SN 8)
Nominal Wall
Thickness, mm

3.2

3.7

4.1

4.7

5.9

7.3

9.2

10.4

11.7

13.2

14.6

18.4

Notes : 9.1 : EN 1401-1 identical to BS EN 1401-1 and DIN EN 1401-1

9.2 : EN 1401-1 replaces DIN 19537, BS 4660, BS 5481
9.3 : SN, ring stiffness of pipes expressed in KN/m2
9.4 : Sizes greater than 400 mm are only manufactured on special request
9.5 : DN/OD nominal size to outside diameter related.
9.6 : Colour, Grey or Golden Brown.

10

Hot water
drainage

Theoretically pipes and ttings made from UPVC are unsuitable for use
with very hot water and this is true for continuous ow at full bore.
However, pioneering work carried out in Great Britain established design
criteria that became adopted into their national standards. From this
acceptance of UPVC drainage system, the Market grew until it now has far
greater sales and use than any other above ground system and is
rapidly following the same trend with below ground drains and sewers.
The design criteria was veried and tested by development of a Hot &
Cold Cycle Test and its principles have been adopted by many other
National Standards Organisations, ISO, Government and Private Test
Establishments.
The work carried out on UPVC drainage pipe work produced the following
design criteria:
1. UPVC has natural insulating properties.
2. Each increment of wall thickness has its own insulating value thus the
thicker the pipe the less transfer of heat through the wall thickness. So
constant water owing at 90C will only produce a surface temperature
of 60C on the outside surface of a pipe with wall thickness 3.2 mm
(See Fig. 2).
3. A discharge of short period for about 20-30 minutes will be necessary
for the above transfer of heat to occur.
4. The softening point of UPVC plays an important role in the above
situation.
Although the temperature of the inside wall of the pipe has exceeded the
softening point, the external surface temperature is well below. Thus the
pipe and ttings remain rigid and able to resist loadings imposed by
expansion, contraction and soil pressures in the case of buried drains.
Also, normal discharges, from the most powerful washing machines and
domestic appliances will not harm UPVC Drainage Systems.
Similar tests have been devised for below ground applications, but using a
lower discharge temperature to ensure that below ground drainage also
meets the same service life expectancy.

Surface Temperature due

to discharge of hot water

Fig 2

The Combination of generous wall thickness

and high softening point provides safe limits
for maximum service life.

External Surface,
temperature not
exceeding 60C.

11

Electrical and
Telecommunication
Cable Conduit

Table 10 shows the UPVC pipes of different gauges - medium and

heavy gauge - for use as electrical and telecommunication conduits.
For consideration of pipes of other dimensions our Technical Sales
Department may be consulted.

TABLE 10 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON SSA 255 AND BS6099 : 2-2

Nominal outside diameter, mm

16

20

25

32

38

40

50

Medium Gauge (MG)

Nominal wall thickness, mm

1.5

1.6

1.8

2.1

2.3

2.3

2.8

Heavy Gauge (HG)

Nominal wall thickness, mm

1.9

2.1

2.2

2.7

2.8

2.8

3.4

NOTES : 10.1 : SSA 255 Species medium gauge pipes upto 32mm
10.2 : Nominal outside diameter 38 mm is customers specied
10.3 : Colour; Grey or black, other colors on request
10.4 : Specify class like MG or HG of Conduit while ordering

Cable duct pipes for

Telecommunications
and Electrical Power
Systems

Table 11 shows the range of UPVC pipes for use as underground electrical and
telecommunication cable ducts including those passing underneath the
roads-direct buried (DB) or encasement buried (EB). For consideration of pipes of
other dimensions our Technical Sales Department may be consulted.

TABLE 11 : DIMENSIONS BASED ON DIN 16873, 16875, SSA 14

Nominal
Outside
Diameter, mm

50

63

75

90

110*

125

140

160*

200

225

Class : EB
Nominal Wall
Thickness, mm

1.8

1.9

2.2

2.7

3.2*

3.7

4.1

4.7*

5.9

6.6

Class : DB
Nominal wall
Thickness, mm

2.4

3.0

3.6

4.3

5.3*

6.0

6.7

7.7*

9.6

10.8

NOTES :

12

11.1 : *Pipe conform to SEC specication 23 - SMSS -1

and Saudi Telephone (MOPTT) Specication MAT - ST 2201
11.2 : Specify Class EB or DB while ordering
11.3 : Specify the pipe joint while ordering
11.4 : Colour, Grey or Black
11.5 : Conduits and Ducts to American Standards, please refer to our catalogue Publication P7.

SAPPCO UPVC
to British
standards for
various
Applications

European

standards

(EN)

replace

the

following British Standard and EN are having

conrmed status of British standards as BS
EN identication, relevant EN standards are
identical to BS EN standard.

Our valued customers are requested to note

the following facts:
1: BS 4660 replaced by BS EN 1401-1
2: BS 5481 replaced by BS EN 1401-1
Note B1 : For pipe dimensions please
refer to table 9 on page 10
3 : BS 4514 replaced by BS EN 1329-1
Note B2 : For pipe dimensions please
refer to table 8 on page 10

For any further inquiry please consult our

technical sales Department.

13

Pipe Lengths and

Joints

SAPPCO pipes are available in nominal total standard lengths of 6

meters. Other lengths can be supplied by arrangement.
SAPPCO pipes are supplied with various joint systems.

Fig 4a

1 : Plain End / Chamfered end. (Fig. 4a)

Plain Ended (P/E) pipe for use with separate Couplings; Ring Seal,
Solvent (Adhesive) Weld or Special Fittings. Pipe can also be
supplied with both ends chamfered (D/C) if requested, in lengths of
6 metres.

Fig 4b

2 : Plain Solvent Weld joint (Fig. 4b)

Plain socket (P/S) Solvent Weld Joints. Pipes are supplied with an
integral plain socket preformed in our factory. They are jointed
using the recommended solvent adhesive supplied by SAPPCO
and using the techniques specied on Page 16, 17 and 18.

(a) Plain End/Chamfered End

(b) Plain Socket Solvent Weld Joint

Fig 4c

(c) Anger Joint

3 : Rubber ring seal joint (Fig. 4c)

Rubber ring joints (R/J). Pipes are supplied with integral grooved
socket at one end incorporating elastomeric sealing ring. SAPPCO
manufacture the world wide known Anger joint system, the Anger
joint sockets are made with locally wall thickened pipe. In these
joints, the rubber ring seal is so designed that the sealing power
increases with the rise in internal pressure in the pipeline. For
jointing procedure refer to page 18.

Couplings
Fig 5a

Fig 5b

1 : Coupling with / without register

Couplings with double ring seals or solvent weld joints are supplied
by SAPPCO for jointing plain ended pipes or when pipes are cut
and jointed to required length. These couplings may either be with
register or without register, the latter type being used for repair or
alteration work in the existing lines. For specic diamensions refer
to page 34, Table 16.

2 : Special adaptor Coupling

A range of special adaptor couplings are available for connecting
UPVC pipe of different standards (e.g. 6 ASTM or BS UPVC pipe to
160mm O.D., SSA or DIN UPVC Pipe).
3 : Flange Adaptor Socketed
Flange holes drilled according to customers requirements

14

Handling and
Storage
Fig 6

Unplasticised PVC pipes are strong but light, their specic gravity being
approximately one-fth of Cast Iron. As a result, these pipes are more
easily handled than their metal counterparts. Reasonable care, however,
should be used at all times, and when off loading, pipes should be
lowered, not dropped to the ground.
Pipes should be given adequate support at all times. Pipes should not be
stacked in large piles, especially in warm temperature conditions, as the
lower layers may distort; resulting in difculties in jointing and pipe
alignment. Any pipe with ends prepared for jointing (socket and spigot
joints, A joints, etc) should be stacked in layers with sockets placed at
alternate ends of the stack and with the sockets protruding to avoid
unstable stacks and the possibility of imparting a permanent set to the
pipes.
For long-term storage, pipe racks should provide continuous support, but
if this is not possible, timber of at least 3in. (75mm) bearing width at
spacings not greater than 3ft. (915mm) centres for pipe sizes 160mm and
above, should be placed beneath the pipes and at 6ft. (1.8m) centres at
the side, if the stacks are rectangular. These spacings apply to pipe size
160mm and above. Closer supports will be required for sizes below
160mm. In such pipe racks, pipes may be stored not more than seven
layers, or 6ft. (1.8m) high, whichever is the lesser, but if different classes
of pipe are kept in the same racks, then the thickest classes of largest
diameter must always be placed at the bottom.
For temporary storage in the eld, where racks are not provided, the
ground should be level and free from loose stones. Pipes stored thus
should not exceed three layers high and should be stacked to prevent
movement.
Stack heights should be reduced if pipes are nested, i.e. pipes stored
inside pipes of larger diameters. Reductions in height should be
proportional to the weight of the nested pipe compared to the weight of the
pipes normally contained in such stowages.
UPVC pipes should always be stored in the shade to avoid ultra-violet
(U/V) degradation from the suns rays. Effect of UV Light refer to page 30
of this catalogue.
Since the soundness of any joint depends on the condition of the spigot
and the socket, special care must be taken in transit, handling and storage
to avoid damage to the ends.
When loading pipes on the vehicles, care must be taken to avoid their
coming into contact with any sharp corners such as cope irons, loose
nail-heads, etc., as pipes may be damaged by being rubbed against these
during transit. Whilst in transit, pipes shall be well secured over their entire
length and not allowed to project unsecured over the tailboard of the lorry.
Pipes may be off-loaded from lorries by rolling them gently down timbers,
care being take to ensure that pipes do not fall one upon another, nor on
to any hard or uneven surfaces.

15

Site work
Instructions

Fig 7a

Cutting and Chamfering

Pipe should be cut square. A simple method of cutting pipes square is to

wrap newspaper or similar sheet paper around the pipe with no overlap
of the edges. Mark line around pipe (felt pen is ideal). Cut to line with
a ne toothed saw.

Fig 7b

Pipe ends should be chamfered at an angle of approximately 15C to

about 1/3 of the wall thickness with a coarse le, Surform tool or
chamfering tool.

Solvent Weld
Joints

Fig 8

Jointing procedure

Pipes up to 75mm may be jointed easily with solvent adhesives. Larger

sizes required more special techniques and require two men to make
such joints.
1. Mark depth of entry of the pipe into the socket and alignment mark.
2. Make small chamfer on the edge of the pipe end with medium le.

16

3 . Roughen the outside of the pipe and the inside of the socket using
sandpaper or emery cloth upto the entry mark.

4 . Clean both surfaces and remove all dust, grease and swarf using a dry
clean cloth and cleaner.

5. Stir solvent adhesive thoroughly. Use proper solvent adhesive.

6. Apply adhesive without delay after cleaning, using a at clean and

proper brush. Apply an even unbroken layer brushing axially to the pipe
end and socket mouth with a heavier layer on the pipe. Where loose ts
are found, the pipe should be given a second coat.

7. Immediately insert the pipe into the socket up to the entry mark, align
pipe and socket. Hold in position for a few seconds, then wipe off excess
cement.

8 . Solvent Weld Jointing of large diameter pipe requires special care. Use
sufcient hand power to maintain proper alignment and to bottom pipe in
socket / tting.

9. Always replace the lid of the can after making a joint and follow the
instructions on the can observing any warnings.

10. Always use the Solvent adhesive supplied and approved by SAPPCO
or APLACO.
TEST CONTENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH
INSTRUCTIONS ON EACH CAN.

CAUTION
Cleaner and cements are extremely
ammable and must not be stored or
used near heat or open ame. Read
all warnings on cleaner and cement
cans.

NOTE : All solvent-welded PVC pipeline systems

should be lled and/or ushed with water
immediately after installation and curing to
remove all ammable cement vapors.

11. Joints should not be moved or disturbed for initial set time depending
on size. Then the jointed pipe may be handled with care. Allow 4 hours if
the jointed pipe lengths are to be laid in a trench.

12. Allow 8 hours to elapse before applying working pressure or 24 hours

for test pressures. With pipe sizes up to 50mm it is possible to reduce this
time. Allow 1 hour for each 3.5 atmospheres of pressure.

13. Read the precautions for Solven Weld Joints on page18.

Failure to ush a new line leaves a

dangerous potential for inadvertment
ignition of any residual cement vapors.

17

Precautions in
making Solvent weld joints

Brushes must be clean and dry before commencing solvent welding.

Brushes must be thoroughly cleaned after use by washing out in
cleaning uid.
Do not dilute solvent adhesive with cleaning uid.
Use Solvent adhesive and cleaning uid in a well ventilated area. Keep
away from naked ames and do not smoke. Always replace lids of
containers, in any event, attention is drawn to the instructions printed on
the containers.
When laying continuous runs of pipe, joints may be made quicker than
the setting times advised above. The joint will not be disturbed with long
lengths, providing that the pipe is not twisted or the previously made
joint lifted out of place.

Ring Seal
Joints

Ensure that the spigot and socket are free from dust, grit, grease and as
dry as possible.
Insert pipe into the socket without seal ring in place and mark pipe when
it is fully inserted.
Place seal in groove of socket ensuring that seal is correct way round.
Rubber seal rings should be tted with tapered section facing the
outside of the socket.
Apply jointing lubricant to the chamfer and the end of the spigot of the
pipe or tting only.
Push the pipe rmly into the socket up to the insertion mark previously
made. If an expansion gap is required the pipe is then pulled back by
the desired amount. See Fig. 13 on page 21.

Fig 9

Rubber seal joint

Jointing Clamps

Jointing Clamps may be used for ease of assembly. The Clamps are
available in two sizes, one for pipes 90mm to 160mm O.D. and the other
for 225mm to 315 mm O.D. (See Fig. 10).

Fig 10

18

Above Ground
Installation

Pressure Installations

Ring seal joints should not be used on above ground installations unless
all the joints are anchored against end thrust.

Protection of Pipelines

UPVC Pipelines must be protected from direct sunlight and external heat,
Please refer to page 30 Effect of UV light

Support of Fittings.
Heavy Valves etc.

Where plastic pipelines incorporate metal valves or other heavy ttings it

is essential to support the valve directly rather than allow their weight to be
carried by the plastic pipe.
For the same reason it is usually advisable to x pipe supports on either
side of anged connections.

Pipe Bracket
Support

For light duty and small pipe sizes, plastic pipe support brackets are
suitable. For heavier duty installations, matching formed metal pipe
supports should be used with cork or P.E. liner for xed points.

Pipe Bracket
Spacing

Plastic pipelines need to be supported at specic intervals. These intervals

will depend on the specic gravity of the material being conveyed, the
temperatures of the liquid and the environment and the pipe wall thickness
and type of plastic used. Some deection may be allowed between
brackets and at changes of direction. The average deection between
centres should be up to maximum of 2.5mm.
TABLE 12
Pipe bracket spacing in the case of uids with specic gravity = 1 as well
as for gases.

Fig 11

UPVC Pipes
Class
4 and 5

Class
3 should
be
reduced
by 10%

Examples of continuous support.

Class
5 may
be
increased
by 10%

d
mm
16
10
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
110
140
160
200
225
250
280
315
355
400

20C
75
85
90
100
110
125
140
150
165
185
215
225
240
250
260
270
280
290
300

Pipe support centres L in CM at:

30C
60
70
75
85
100
115
130
140
155
175
205
215
225
240
250
260
270
275
280

40C
40
50
55
65
80
95
110
120
135
155
185
200
215
225
240
250
260
265
270

50C
Continuous
Continuous
45
50
60
70
85
95
105
120
160
170
185
200
205
215
225
230
235

For vertical installations, the above support distances may be increased

by 30% (Multiply the values given by 1.3)
For uids with a specic gravity
exceeding 1 multiply by the
factors shown

S.G.
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00

Factor
0.90
0.83
0.77
0.70

19

Pipe Supports
Loose and Fixed
Arrangements

Axial movement of the pipe line must not be prevented, loose brackets
or sliding points allow the pipe to move or slide as expansion or
contraction taken place.

Fig 12a

To ensure that this movement is controlled it is necessary to create xed

points. Fixed points may be positioned at one end of a pipe run, at
bends or changes of direction or in the centre of a pipe run.

Fig 12b

A xed point may be created in pipeline by solvent welding two split

collars on to the pipe. The collars should be positioned and clamped for
12 hours. Collars may be manufactured from pipe, a section of
approximately 1/3 of circumference removed.

Fig 12c

Fig 12d

20

Below Ground
Installation
General Notes

A. As with all pipe jointing, cleanliness is of prime importance, and

pipes, specially spigot ends, should be supported clear of the ground
to prevent dirt being smeared on with the lubricant. Placing the pipes
on blocks also reduces friction and consequently facilitates the
making of the joint. THESE BLOCKS MUST BE REMOVED BEFORE
BACKFILLING, AND EVERY CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO ENSURE
THAT THE PIPE IS NOT BEDDED ON SUBMERGED ROCK.
B. The pipeline should be tested initially after a few joints (certainly
not more than 500 metres) to ensure that they have been made
correctly, and subsequently at convenient intervals, preferably not
exceeding 1000 metres.

Fig 13

C. All changes of direction must be anchored.

Expansion Gap
13 to 25mm

(See Fig. 14b.)

Concrete thrust blocks are suitable but the unit should only be
haunched and a exible membrane interposed between the concrete
and the unit, to protect it against damage by abrasion.
D.

Before testing, the line must be backlled leaving the joints

exposed. If the joints must be covered, it is useful to mark their

position.
E. The pipe should be marked so that the spigot enters the socket to
within 13 to 25mm of the bottom of the socket dimension. The depth
of chamfer should be one third the wall thickness.
F. Never cut the leg of a Ring Seal Joint bend. Some distortion of the
shape may occur during processing which might cause a leak.
G. If jointing above ground, observe the depth of entry after installation.
H. UPVC Pipes may be cold exed to accommodate ground contours
and road curvatures in outside diameters up to 225mm. The bending
radius (R) should not be less than approximately 300 times the
outside diameter of the pipe (in mm).

The cold bending and

supporting is illustrated in Fig. 14a, for standard pipe length of 6

metres.
Pipes larger than 225mm diameter should be regarded as rigid and
changes in direction should be accommodated by the use of special
bends of exible couplings.

21

Cold exing in
the trench

TABLE 13

Fig 14a

Outside
Diameter

Radius
R

Elasticity
A in 6m pipe

mm

63

18.9

0.94

75

22.5

0.80

90

27.0

0.66

110

33.0

0.54

125

37.0

0.50

140

42.0

0.43

160

48.0

0.38

200

56.0

0.31

225

67.5

0.27

250

75.0

0.25

280

84.0

0.22

315

94.5

0.19

355

108.0

0.17

400

122.0

0.15

Support

Stone free tampered soil in order to prevent the spigot from being

Laying

It is very important when laying UPVC pipes for gravity drainage to

angled in the socket when bending the pipe.

ensure that the pipe is laid in accordance with the recommendations

made on the following pages. These are extracted from the U.K.
Ministry of Housing and Local Governments Working Party report on
the design and construction of underground sewers, but are equally
applicable to pressure pipes.

Excavation

The trench should not be opened too far in advance of pipe laying and

should be backlled as soon as possible. The width of the trench at

the crown of the pipe should be as narrow as practicable but not less
than the outside diameter of the pipe plus 300mm to allow proper

compaction of the sidell, 225mm above the crown of the pipe, the
trench may be any convenient width. The inherent exibility of UPVC

drainage pipe can be used to advantage but care must be taken to

ensure that the bed of the trench will support the pipeline adequately

so as to prevent localised loss of gradient or bridging. Projections

must be removed to avoid point loading of the pipe.

22

Typical arrangement of anchor blocks

used in conjunction with UPVC
pipe-work incorporating rubber ring
mechanial joints when buried.

Fig 14b

23

Material for Bedding

and Sidelling

Some soils, as excavated from the trench (such as free drainage

coarse sand, gravel, loam and soil of a friable nature) may be suitable
for use as sidell material, but they must be capable of being
compacted sufciently to provide adequate support for the pipe (see
note following for test for suitability). Soils such as hard chalk which
break up when wet, and clay should not be used immediately around
the pipe for bedding, sidell or backll, unless a rotary type excavator
has been used. Should the material excavated form the trench be
unsuitable, then a backll medium, which complies with U.K.B.R.S.
tests described at the end of this section must be used. Granular
material is very satisfactory as it requires little compaction once
placed, but any material which complies with the U.K.B.R.S
recommendations is suitable.

Bedding and
Slidelling

With exible pipes it is of great importance that the sidell should be

very rmly compacted between the sides of the pipe and the soil sides
of the trench. Any trench sheeting should be partially withdrawn to
allow this to be done.
Before backlling, any levelling pegs or temporary packing should be
removed. The thickness of the bedding under the barrel of the pipe
should be not less than 1/3 of the diameter, and a minimum of 100mm
thick. In very soft or wet conditions, or where the bottom of the trench
is very irregular, this thickness should be increased as necessary to
give a suitable bed.
The bedding should be thoroughly compacted in layers not more than
150mm thick to give a uniform bed, true to gradient, on which the pipe
may be laid. Pipes should be laid directly on this bedding. Bricks or
other hard materials must not be placed under the pipes for
temporary support. Further bedding material should be placed
around the pipe and be thoroughly compacted in 75mm layers by
careful tamping up to the crown of the pipe, eliminating all cavities
under the two lower quadrants of the pipe.
The same material should then be placed over the crown of the pipe
for not less than 2/3 or the diameter, with a minimum height of 100 mm
and a maximum of 300 mm and be thoroughly compacted. The
Process of lling and tamping should proceed equally on either side
of the pipe, so as to maintain an equal pressure on both sides.

Backlling

24

Normal lling of the trench should then proceed in layers not

exceeding 300mm in thickness, each layer being well rammed.
Heavy mechanical rammers should not be used until the ll has
reached a depth of 300mm above the top of the pipe. Special
consideration and selection of back lling material will be necessary if
the risk of surface subsidence is an important consideration, for
example under roads.

Examples of Trench
preparation and
Backlling
Fig 15a
Trench Preparation

Fig 15b
Compacting Layers of Backll
(Even tamping in 75mm layers up
to top of clean cut trench.)

Fig 15c
Normal Filling (Layers of 300mm
tamped by non-mechanical
rammers), Until over 300mm from
level has been reached.

When pipe lines are layed in hot climatic conditions it is

advisable to ll the pipe with cold water to bring the pipe lengths to normal
contracted dimension. Check the joints in the case of dry jointed or ring seal
joints to ensure that socket insertion depth is satisfactory.

25

Special Cases

For special cases of unstable ground and areas of mining subsidence

where draw of the joints may be expected, telescopic joints should be
used throughout the line, though most exible pipes are capable of
following any ground movement of normal degree without fracture of
failure.

Maximum Allowable
Deformation

For the necessary reaction from the sidell to develop, it is necessary for
some deformation or ovality of the pipe to take place. Until more is
known on the subject, the United Kingdom Building Research Station
consider that the maximum acceptable decrease in vertical diameter is
5%, because above this gure there is a risk of blockage, leakage from
joints or collapse of the pipes.

Test for the suitability

of Soil Material for
surrounding Flexible
Sewer and Drain Pipes
laid Underground
Fig. 16

(a) PARTICLE SIZE

The maximum particle size should generally not exceed 20mm. The
presence of an occasional particle between 20mm and 40mm is
acceptable provided the total quantity of such particles is only a very
small fraction of the whole. If particles over 40mm are present the
material should be rejected.
In cases of doubt, a weighed
representative* sample of material - about 2kg - should be sieved** using
20mm and 40mm sieves. If any particles are retained on the 40mm
sieve, the material is not acceptable unless it is rst screened so as to
comply with this requirement.
(b) EASE OF COMPACTION - Apparatus required.
1. Open-ended cylinder 250mm long and 150mm 6mm internal
diameter, (160mm Class 3 Sappco UPVC pipe is suitable).
2. Metal rammer with striking 40mm diameter and weighing 1 to 1.25 kg.
3. Rule.
Obtain a representative sample more than sufcient to ll the cylinder
(about 11.5kg) it is important that the moisture content of the sample
should not differ materially from that of the trench. Place the cylinder on
a rm at surface and gently pour the sample material into it, loosely and
without tamping. Strike off the top surface level with the top of the
cylinder and remove all surplus spilled material. Lift the cylinder up clear
of its contents and place on a fresh area of at surface. Place about 1/4
of the material back in the cylinder and tamp vigorously until no further
compaction can be obtained. Repeat with the second quarter, tamping
as before, and so on for the third and fourth quarters, tamping the nal
surface as level as possible.
Measure down from the top of the cylinder to the surface of the
compacted material. This distance in mms divided by the height of the
cylinder (250mm) is referred to as the Compaction Fraction.

26

Notes

U.K. Ministry of Housing and Local Government Working Party of the

Design and Construction of Underground Sewers rst interim report.
H.M.S.O. 1966.
* To obtain a representative sample, about 50kg of the material should be
heaped on a clean surface and divided with the spade down the middle
into two halves. One of these should then be similarly divided and so on,
until the required weight of sample is left.
** In the sieving, clumps of material that break up under light nger
pressure may be helped through the sieve, but considerable force must
not be used to squeeze oversize clumps through the mesh.

Compaction Fraction
Suitability for use

0.1 or less (25mm)

0.1 or 0.3 (25mm to
75mm)
Over 0.3 (75mm)

Maximum and
minimum cover
depths

Material suitable
Material suitable but requires extra care
in compaction. Not suitable if the pipe is
subject to waterlogged conditions after laying.
Material unsuitable.

Whether under roads and verges or in open country, UPVC pipes may be
buried with a maximum cover depth of 6.1 metres.
However, a minimum cover depth of 1.2 metres should be allowed when
pipes are installed under roads. Tests have shown that trafc loads
(wheel loads) do not affect pipes with this amount of cover depth
provided they are properly installed and back-lled. At depths less than
1.2 metres, special consideration should be given to all the engineering
factors involved, such as class of road, its construction and the position
of other services. Under these circumstances, concrete may be used as
a protecting raft above the pipeline, provided a cushion of ll is laid
between the pipe crown and the raft.
In open country, where top loading is unlikely to occur, pipes may be laid
with a minimum cover depth of 0.45 metres without any protection. At
depths less than 0.45 metres, elsewhere than under roads, concrete
slabs on a cushion of ll materials above the pipe should be used as a
protection against picks, gardening implements, etc.

Fig 17

27

Soil Loading
(non Pressure)

Because UPVC pipes are an inherently exible material, results obtained

from a crushing test such as that carried out on conventional rigid
materials give gures that in no way relate to the performance of the pipe
under trench conditions. A rigid material such as cast iron, cement
asbestos or salt glazed pipe, when subjected to a compressive load will
show virtually no sign of deformation. it is possible to increase the load
until a point is reached where the pipe will fail without further noticeable
deformation. Similar tests carried out on UPVC pipes cause deformation
at a relatively low load. Any increase in the load causes the pipe to be
considerably deformed although removal of the load allows the pipe to
return almost to its original shape. To get a true picture of UPVC
drainage pipe performance, tests have been devised by the U.K.
Agreement board, the U.K Building Research Station and The British
Plastics Federation, to simulate ground conditions. All tests are
conducted on the basis that 5% is the maximum allowable deformation.
110mm and 160mm domestic drainage pipes are subjected to a
maximum temperature of 86C for short periods. They are therefore
subjected to hot and cold water discharges over 2,500 cycles to
represent statistically a 50-year usage. During the cycling period a load
of 8,000 Ibs per square foot (3628.7kg per .092sqm) is applied to the pipe
backll approximately 2 ft. (.609m) above the crown of the pipe. Pipes
above 160mm diameter are not subject to such a high elevated
temperature. Tests on larger diameter pipes have therefore been
conducted assuming continuous discharge at lower temperatures. Once
again a static load is applied continuously and on pipe sizes above
160mm is 9000 Ibs (4082.3 Kg) for 200mm and 250mm, and 315mm
10,000 Ibs (4535.9 Kg).

28

In the design of pipe the U.K. Ministry of Housing and Local Government
Working Party has recommended that pipes laid under elds, etc., should
be designed to support two wheeled loads each of 7,000 Ibs. (3175.1 Kg)
each, spaced 3 ft. (.914m) apart, with an impact factor of 2 in addition to
the weight of the backll. For pipes laid under roads carrying trafc, the
two wheel loads should be 16,000 Ibs. (7257.4 Kg) each, spaced 3 ft.
(.914m) apart, with an impact factor of 1.5. The effect of surface loading
diminishes with depth and theory indicates that for a 110mm pipe at 3 ft.
(.914m) a static load of 2 by 16,000 Ibs (7257.4 Kg) would produce only
slightly more effect than that of 2 by 7,000 Ibs. at 2 ft. (3175.1 Kg at
.609m). Also, it is the proportion of the pipe vertically below one wheel
that is mainly affected. The contributory effect of the second wheel 3 ft.
(.914m) away adds only 5% extra at 3 ft. (.914m) and 10% extra at 2 ft.
(.609m). The effect of increasing pipe diameter increases the projected
area of the pipe subjected to load to a maximum of 10,000 Ibs. (4535.9
Kg.) Therefore on 110mm pipe the load is 8,000 Ibs. (3628.7 Kg), 160mm
pipe 8,000 Ibs. (3628.7 Kg) and above this size as quoted above. These
tests are designed to simulate the worst possible operating conditions
but notwithstanding this, the maximum deformation of 5% is still not
exceeded. Work is continuing in this eld both on a practical and
theoretical basis by the plastics industry as a whole, with a view to giving
engineers further information on the design aspects of UPVC drainage
pipe.

Hydraulic Testing
of Pipeline

The pressure testing of pipeline shall be conducted with water at interval

initially not exceeding 500 meters and subsequently not exceeding 1000
meters. Pipe should be adequately anchored to prevent movement. The
joint and the pipeline should be slowly lled with clean water taking care
to prevent surge and air entrapement. All entrapped air must be purged
from the line before applying pressure. All air release valves should be
installed at high points and a further precaution against air entrapement
is to pass a foam swab through the pipe line. The passage of foam swab
will additionally clean the line of any debris left in the line during laying.
The temperature of test water should be preferably maximum 23C.
When testing above 23C please use safety factor given in Table 6 of
page 9 in this catalogue.
The test pressure and duration shall meet the requirements of local
regulations where applicable.
The line should be pressurised to 1.5 times of the System Design
Operating Pressure but not less than 15 psi nor in excess of the pressure
rating for pipe or appurtenances. Measure the pressure at the lowest
elevation possible.
The duration of pressurization shall be preferably 1 hour but not to
exceed 3 hours.
All visible leaks or any leak in excess of the permitted variation should be
repaired and the pipeline retested following the same procedure.

Important Notes

1. Pipeline systems should be constructed to avoid excessive water

hammer / surge pressure. (see details on page 30)
2. Air must be purged from pipelines before applying pressure
3. Joint must be covered and protected from heat and UV resistance,
particularly in the mid day time.
4. Allow 24 hours for line test pressure with pipe sizes upto 50mm it is
possible to reduce the time or 8 hours to elapse before working
pressure.
5. PVC Non-pressure pipelines installed are tested to low pressures for
a specic period of time (leakage tests).
6. In hot weather pressure test in early morning is recommended.

WARNING
NEVER use compressed air or gas in PVC
pipeline.
NEVER test PVC pipe and ttings with
compressed air or gas.
ONLY use PVC pipe for water and approved
chemicals.
Use of compressed air or gas in PVC pipe and ttings
can result in explosive failures and cause severe
injury or death.

29

Water Hammer
Considerations

Surge pressures due to water hammer should be considered when

designing a piping system. A momentary pressure rise occurs when
liquid is started and stopped quickly, and is caused by the momentum of
uid. Pressure rise increases with the velocity of the liquid, the length of
the piping system from the uid source, or with an increase in the speed
of starting or stopping. For example hydraulic shock occurs when valves
are opened or closed quickly, or pumps are started with an empty
pipeline.
Proper design when laying out a piping system will eliminate the
possibility of hydraulic shock damage. The following suggestions shall
help to avoid the problems:
1. In any piping system, including thermoplastic, a uid velocity not
exceeding 1.52m/sec. will minimize hydraulic shock effects, even with
quick-closing valves.
2. Using actuated valves with a specic closing time will reduce the
possibility of inadvertent opening or closing of a valve too quickly. With
pneumatic and air-spring actuators, it may be necessary to place a valve
in the air line to slow down the valve operation cycle.
3. Evaluate ow at pump start-up and during shut down. Also determine
how much air, if any, is introduced during pump start-up.
4. If possible, when starting a pump, partially close the valve in the
discharge line to minimize the volume of liquid that is rapidly accelerated
through the system. Once the pump is up to speed and the line
completely full, the valve may be opened.
5. Use surge control devices and standpipes wisely to give ow storage
during surge. Check valves can be used near pumps to help keep lines full.
6. Use properly sized vacuum breaker-air relief valves to control the
amount of air that is admitted or exhausted throughout the system.
For any further assistance do not hesitate to contact our Technical Sales
Department.

Effects of
Ultra-Violet (UV) Light

UPVC pipeline systems when continuously exposed to ultraviolet (UV)

radiation from sunlight, PVC pipe can suffer surface discoloration. This
is commonly termed UV degradation or sunburning, colour change to
brown due to UV attack.
1. UV degradation or sunburning affects PVC when energy from the UV
radiation causes excitation of the molecular bonds in the PVC. The
resulting reaction occurs only on the exposed surface of the pipe and to
extremely shallow depths of 0.025 to 0.076 mm. Degradation does not
continue when exposure to sunlight is terminated. The study found that
exposure to UV radiation results in a change in the pipes surface color
and a reduction in impact strength. Other properties are not adversely
affected.
2. The most common method used to protect above-ground PVC pipe
from the sun is painting with a latex (Water-based) paint. Preparation of
the surface to be painted is very important. The pipe should be cleaned
to remove moisture, dirt and oil, and then wiped with a clean, dry cloth.
Petroleum-based solvents and paints should not be used, since the
presence of petroleum will prevent proper bonding of paint to pipe.
3. The color of the paint is of no particular importance. However, white
color is recommended as it helps to reect the sunlight.
4. Burial of PVC pipe provides complete protection
5. Pipe should be stored in the shade.

30

Ordering
Details

To place an order, the following details should be provided for correct

delivery of the material. Examples given below will clarify the order
requirements.
O.D. of the
required pipe

Description

Class of pipe

Type of joint

Pipe

20

P/E

Pipe

225

D/C
P/S

Pipe

40

Pipe

90

R/J

Pipe

110

P/S

Pipe

160

R/J

Pipe

160

R/J

Pipe

280

R/J
R/J

Pipe

75

Pipe

110

BD

PS

Pipe

160

BD

R/J

Pipe

110

SDR 34

AJ

Pipe

140

SDR 34

PS

Pipe

250

SDR 41

AJ

Pipe

400

SDR 34

LRJ

Pipe

25

MG

P/E

Pipe

40

HG

P/E

Pipe

63

DB

PS

Pipe

110

DB

PS

Pipe

160

EB

PS

Coupling

90

R/J

Coupling

160

P/S

Bend 90

50

P/S

225

R/J

Bend 22 1/2

Abbreviations

SSA : (previously SAS) Saudi Arabian Standard Organization

DIN : Deutches Institute fr Normung (German)
EN

: European Norms (Standards)

ISO : International Organization for Standardization

SN

: Nominal Ring Stiffness

SDR : Standard Dimension Ratio

PN

: Pressure Nominal

EB

: Encased buried in concrete

DB

: Direct buried

OD

: Outside diameter

MG : Medium Gauge
HG

: Heavy Gauge

P/E : Plain Ended Pipe

D/C : Double Chamfered Pipe
P/S : Plain / Parallel Socket
R/J

: Rubber Joint

B/BD : Application area codes

31

Fabricated
Drawn Radius Bends
(Solvent Weld Joint)
Drawn Radius Bends are produced from
normal wall thickness pipe.

Fig. 18a

Single Socket
or Double Socket
to be specied.

Fig. 18b

Single Socket
or Double socket
to be specied.

32

TABLE 14 :
Pipe
O.D. mm

Radius
mm

11 1/4
L.mm

22 1/2
L.mm

45
L.mm

90
L.mm

16

56

100

115

126

170

20

70

100

115

135

170

25

88

100

115

145

180

32

112

100

115

150

190

40

140

110

125

170

220

50

175

175

180

225

350

63

221

240

260

300

420

75

263

260

285

350

470

90

315

350

390

480

600

110

385

370

400

500

690

140

490

390

410

570

760

160

560

400

420

600

1000

200

712

480

540

760

1150

225

788

590

610

840

1240

Dimensions stated above are indicative. Detailed specication for

design purposes should be obtained from our Technical Sales
Department. Bends for sizes 250mm and above with solvent weld joint
consult our Sales Department.

Fabricated
Drawn Radius Bends
(Rubber Seal Ring Joint)
Drawn Radius Bends are produced
from Thickened pipe.

Fig. 19a

Fig. 19b

TABLE 15 :
Pipe
O.D. mm

Radius
mm

11 1/4
L.mm

63

75

90

110

140

160

200

225

250

280

315

221

263

315

385

490

560

712

788

852

980

1103

240

260

350

370

390

400

480

590

680

700

810

22 1/2
L.mm
260

285

390

400

410

420

540

610

730

830

910

45
L.mm

300

350

480

500

570

600

760

840

850

1040

1050

90
L.mm

420

470

600

600

760

1000

1150

1240

1350

1610

1690

Note : Bends of other Angles or radius to special order.

Dimensions stated above are indicative. Detailed specication for
design purpose should be obtained from our Technical
Sales Department.

33

Fabricated
Couplings
Fig. 20a

Fig. 20b

Fig. 20c

Fig. 20d

TABLE 16 :

Dimensions for Couplings

Pipe
O.D. mm

R/J Coupling
L.mm

D.mm

P/S Coupling
T.mm

L.mm

T.mm

16

56

25

20

58

27

25

66

30

32

74

34

40

94

39

50

96

45

63

240

90

100

126

53

75

250

105

103

140

60

90

270

125

111

160

69

110

290

150

116

185

81

140

330

192

125

230

99

160

350

211

135

250

111

200

375

247

144

300

135

225

430

290

154

360

150

250

445

310

162

380

165

280

495

360

172

425

183

315

545

403

185

478

204

355

568

434

194

520

224

400

612

485

205

570

246

Dimensions stated above are indicative, Detailed specication for

design purposes should be obtained from our Technical Sales
Department.

34

Cement and
Cleaner

Quantities of solvent cement and cleaner required for solvent

cement jointing of UPVC pipes
Table 17 lists the approximate quantity of cleaner and solvent
cement needed to make solvent weld joints. SAPPCO
recommended solvent cement is available in 1.0 Kg tins.
The cleaner is available in one litre tins.

TABLE 17 : Quantity of Solvent Cement and Cleaner to make joints

Pipe diameter, mm

16

20

25

32

40

50

63

75

90

110

125

140

160

200

225

1.90

2.10 2.50

4.50

4.50

Quantity for Cleaner, Liters

0.09 0.18

0.30

0.50

0.70

0.90

1.10

1.30

1.40

1.70

100 joints Cement, Liters

0.25 0.40

0.55

0.80

1.10

1.50

1.70

2.20

4.00

8.00 10.50 13.00 19.00 26.00 26.00

185

125

90

60

58

45

25

No. of joints / Tin Size, Liters 432

260

12

NOTE 17.1 : Solvent Cement Conform to ASTM D2564 or BS 4346-3 or equal

17.2 : Check date of expiry on the Can
17.3 : All Values stated are indicative

Spare Rubber
Seal Rings
(Elastomeric seals)

SAPPCO - DAMMAM supply rubber seal rings conforming to any

one of the standards ISO 4633, BS 2494 or ASTM F477
SAPPCO - DAMMAM supplied rubber seal rings are suitable for
use with drinking water.

TABLE 18 : Rubber Seal Rings Systems for SAPPCO pipe

System

3S Ring
for A/J

KW Ring
for A/J

Locking Ring
for Lock R/J

Lens Ring
for LR/J

Figure

Pipe size
NOTES

63-500 mm

63-500 mm

355 mm

400 mm

18.1 : SAPPCO - DAMMAM reserves the right to supply 3S rubber seal ring or KW rubber seal
ring for Anger joint (A/J) System.
18.2 : Rubber Seal ring must be protected from direct sunshine on job site.

Lubricant

SAPPCO
LUBRICANT

SAPPCO Supplied Lubricant has been specially formulated for use on PVC pipes
to facilitate the positioning of the Rubber Seal Rings joints. It is specially suitable
for use on drinking (potable) water and meets the health regulations.
Oil must not be used as lubricant.
Read the directions for use on the can.

35

Major Project used

SAPPCO UPVC pipe

1) Ministry of P.T.T. Saulitel Com. Various Project

2) Ministry of Water & Electricity
3) Ministry of Education Project
4) Ministry of Saudi Aramco Project
5) Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu
6) Sceco Project
7) King Abdullah City
8) King Abdulla University
9) Holding Hole in Alhasa and Hafr Al Baten
10) Sara Housing Project in Azizyah
11) King Fahd Causeway to Bahrain
12) Saudi Cement Expansion Plant in Al-Hasa
13) Doha International Airport Doha - Qatar
14) Water and Sewage Dept. WSD - Sanas - Yemen
15) Adnoc - Abu Dhabi - UAE
16) Ministry of Health Hospital Projects

36

Quality Management
System (QMS)

SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY has established and applies a

upgraded Quality Management System (QMS) and is certied in
accordance with ISO 9001 the highest standard of quality system and
excellence.
Our products meet the requirements of the relevant national and
international standards.
SAPPCO control the entire manufacturing process from raw material to
pipe and fabricated ttings.
Routine testing of all pipes produced at our factory is carried out as laid
down in the relevant Standards in our well equipped laboratory.
Inspection of pipes produced on each machine is carried out round the
clock to make sure that exact standard pipe is delivered to our
customers.
Periodically, SAPPCO - DAMMAM pipes are audit tested and evaluated
by world renowned and accredited Test Centres as indicated below.

Customer
Satisfaction

SAPPCOs most important objective Customer Satisfaction is

achieved with the comprehensive provision of high-quality products and
services. As a leader in the plastic pipe industry.

SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY :

Continually develope/manufacture new products.
Modernize manufacturing extrusion system equipments.
The quality management system (QMS) is characterized by a certied
and upgraded QMS to ISO 9001:2008
In addition, our well experienced staff offers extensive industry
knowledge and eld experience with thermoplastic piping products to
the customers.
Continuous evaluation and improvement of the process.
Customer satisfaction is SAPPCOs top objective.

Our experience gained over the last 30 years is

at the disposal of the customers.

SAPPCO AND QUALITY RUN TOGETHER

37

Key facts you should know about SAPPCO UPVC pipe

Its easy to handle Because of its light
weight and lack of fragility. It needs fewer
men to handle it quicker.

Its costing less. While the cost of almost

everything else has been going up, the cost of
UPVC pipe has been decreasing.

It has a smooth bore

Which means better
ow characteristics
and no buildup
of corrosion
products.

SAPPCO UPVC
pipe is suitable
for working
pressure up to
16 bar
at 20C.

AL KHOBAR
SCECO
H.Q.

AL QAHTANI
PIPE COATING

LOCATION
MAP

RIYADH ROAD

S
A
P
P
C
O

DAMMAM INDUSTRIAL ESTATE

DAMMAM-KHOBAR HIGHWAY UNDERPASS

DAMMAM PORT

SABIC MARKETING

DAMMAM TOWERS
DAMMAM

Its corrosion free.

UPVC pipe just does not
corrode; its impervious to
attack from aggressive soils,
water and most common
acids and alkalis.

Its simple to joining

With its integral push-t
self sealing action.
Long runs
of UPVC pressure pipe can be
installed in record time.

SAPPCO after Sales Service

Provides its customers with advice on any
technical problems they may encounter
For further details and information, contact

SAPPCO DAMMAM FACTORY

FACTORY & MAIN OFFICES

FIRST DAMMAM INDUSTRIAL ESTATE - 8TH STREET

P.O. Box 4916, Dammam 31412, Saudi Arabia
Telephone : (03) 847-1703 / 847-3323
Telefax : (03) 847-1969
e-mail: sapdam@sappco.com.sa/info@sappco-dammam.com

Web site : http//:www.sappco-dammam.com

RIYADH OFFICE : P.O. Box 2828, Riyadh 11461, Tel.: (01) 4480448 - Fax : (01) 4461392
JEDDAH OFFICE : P.O. Box 5448, Jeddah 21422, Tel.: (02) 6749402, 6726318 - Fax : (02) 674 7827
Every care is taken to see that information given in this catalogue is correct and current but it is not intended to form\
any part of any contract; and no warranty is intended to be given or implied in respect of the contents hereof.

SAPPCO THE LEADING MANUFACTURER OF PLASTIC PIPES

SAP

Bran
C.R.