Verb tenses

For m
P re s e n t s im p l e
( +)v e rb (s )
( -)d o / d o es n o t + v e rb
( ?) d o /d o e s + S u bj e c t + v e rb?
P re s e n t c o n t in u o u s
( +)a m / is/ a re + v e rb + ing
( -) a m / is/ a re n ot + v e rb + ing
( ?) a m / is /a re + Su b + v e rb + in g?
Past simple
( +)v e rb + e d / 2 Co lu m a
( -)d id no t + v e rb
( ?)d id +S u b + v erb ?
P a s t c o n ti n u o us
( +)w a s/ w e re + in g
( -)w a s/ w e re n o t + in g
( ?) w a s/ w e re + S u b + v e rb + in g
P r es en t p e rfe c t s im p l e
( +)h a v e / ha s +p a rtic ip i (e d /3 C)
( -) h a v e / ha s n o t + p a rt ic ip le
( ?)ha v e / h a s + S ub + p a rt ic ip la
P r es en t p e rfe c t c o n t in u o us
( +) h a v e / ha s + b e e n + v e rb +i ng
( -)h a v e / h a s +n o t+b e e n +v e rb +i n g
( ?) h a v e/ h a s +S u b +b e e n+ v e rb +i n g

U se

Exampl e s

c o s t u m b r e , h b i tos
c o s e s q ue s i e m p re
s n v e rdad

Do e s h e s t u dy G e rm a n ?
Wa t e r b o il s a t 1 0 0 C
He c o m e s fr om A us tri a

-a c c i n q u e ocurre a hora

He i s no t w at c h i ng T V a t t h e
m om e n t. (e st miran d o )

We s a n g in a c ho i r w h e n w e
w e re 1 2 (cantbamos )
T he y b o ug h t a d e ta c h e d
h ou s e l a s t m o n th
(compramos)

-Tambin para designar

futuro
(ver debajo)
- c o s tu mbre d e l p a s a do
- a c c i p u n tu a l de l p as a do
( IMPORTA cuando sucedi)
- d e s c ri p c i o nes p a r a
s i t ua r n o s e n u na h is t o ri a .
- a c c i o nes c o n t in u a d as d e l
presente interrumpidas p or
el p a s a do s i m p le
- a c c i o nes d e l pa s a do con
consecuencias para p re s e n te
- e x p er i e nc i a s a lo largo de la
v i d a.
- a c c i o nes d e l pa s a do
re c i e n te. NO i m p o rt a CUANDO
- a c c i o nes d e l pa s a do re c i e n te,
-Cuando se quiere enfatizar el
tiempo (duracin)

It w a s r ai n i n g a l o t
I w a s ta k i n g a s h o w er w he n
th e ph o n e ra n g.
(e sta ba t o m a n d o )

I h a ve l o s t m y k e y s (an n o
la s h e e n c o n t r a d o )
Ha v e th e y be e n i n N e w
Yo r k ?
We h a v e b o u g ht a n e w
h ou s e (h e mos c o mp ra do)

- T he y h a v e b e e n w ai t i ng fo r
two hours and a half (han estado
esperando)

Verb tenses
P a s t p e rfe c t s i m p l e
( +)h a d +p artic ip i (e d/ 3 C) ( -)
h a d + no t + p a rtic iple ( ?) ha d +
S u b+ partic ip le
P a s t p e rfe c t c o n ti n u o us
( +)h a d +b e e n+v erb +in g
( -)h a d +n o t+b e e n +v e rb +in g
( ?)h a d+Su b +b e e n +v e rb +in g
F u t ur 1- Wi l l
( +)w ill + ve rb
( -)w ill + no t (w o n t ) + v e rb
( ?)w ill + S u b + v e rb ?

- p a s a do d e l p a s a d o :
a c c i n q u e t uvo lugar a n t e s
d e o t r o p as a do (p a s t s i m p l e )

- M a ry h a d l e ft w he n h e r friends
arrived (haba marchado)

- p a s a do d e l p a s a d o , cuando
se quiere e m fa ti z a r qu e s e h ab a
e s ta do haciendo d u ra n te bastante
tiempo
- d e c i s io n e s para el f u tu ro
q u e tomamos e n e l m o m e n to
d e hablar
- ofrecimientos i p e ti c i o nes
- p re d i c c i on e s n o s e gu ra s -

- T he y h a d b e e n c oo k i n g t h e
dinner when she arrived (haban
estado cocinando)

( I s h al l = I w i l l)
F u tu r 2 b e g oi n g to
( +) a m / is/ a re go in g t o + v erb
( -) a m / is/ a re n ot go in g t o +v e rb
( ?) a m / is /a re +S u b+go in g t o +v e rb
F u tu r 3 - p r e s e nt c on t i nu o u s
( +)a m / is/ a re + v e rb + ing
( -) a m / is/ a re n ot + v e rb + ing
( ?) a m / is /a re + Su b + v e rb + in g?
F u tu r 4 - p r e s e nt s i mp l e
( +)v e rb (s )
( -)d o / d o es n o t + v e rb
( ?) d o /d o e s + S u bj e c t + v e rb?

p l an e s
p re d i c c i on e s s e g u ra s
i n te n c i on e s

- p l an e s c o n fi rma d o s
(a n o ta ts a la agenda),
normalmente en un futuro
immediato
-

h o ra ri o s , p ro g ra m a c i on e s

- I w il l b uy t he s e s h o e s
- Wi l l y ou o p e n t he
d oo r ,p l e a s e ?
- T he re w i l l be f l yi n g c a rs b y
th e y e ar 20 2 5
- We w i l l g e t m a rr i e d s o o n
(n o s c a s a r e m o s )
- We a re g o i ng to g e t m a rrie d
n ex t month(nos casaremos)
- L o ok a t t he s k y . It i s g o in g
to ra i n
- We a re g e tt i ng m a rr ie d
to m o rrow m o rn i n g
(se casan)
-

T he t ra i n l e a v e s a t 4
(sale)