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Keywords: alarm management; flood; peak alarm; rationalization; ISA 18.2; alarm metrics; CSB; EEMUA
INTRODUCTION
Product quality
Operability or profitability of the process
Loss of equipment
Operator mistakes and confusion
Missed alarms due to operator distractions
Operator feeling acknowledging alarms themselves are an
appropriate response to the alarm
72
March 2013
alarms
Disastrous incidents affecting lives, property, and the environment can begin when an operator misses a single alarm.
Some managers have allowed high peak rates to be filtered out of reports because of upsets in the process.
Although this makes the results look better, filtering these
results can hinder actually resolving the problem because
those results are removed from the discussion. Many managers take these steps because they do not believe they can
achieve better results. This belief is false because the means
for producing results that meet ISA 18.2 metrics under all
operating results does exist today and has for many years.
in fewer
Industrial
result of
practice.
Startup/shutdown
Mode switching
Equipment swapping
Other planned operating procedures
AbnormalThat which is unplanned or unexpected
Emergency shutdowns
Equipment failures
Other unplanned process transitions
Affect of Operations on Quality Alarms
DOI 10.1002/prs
March 2013 73
Point Summary
Number of Areas
Points
3rd Qtr 2010: Avg Alarm
Rate per 10 min
4th Qtr 2010: Avg Alarm
Rate per 10 min
3rd Qtr 2010: Peak Alarm
Rate per 10 min
4th Qtr 2010: Peak Alarm
Rate per 10 min
ISA 18.2
Metrics[2]
Dynamic
Rationalization
Static
Rationalization
Bad Actor
Management
2
3641
0.67
2
3327
0.83
2
2552
2
0.67
4.3
10
6.5
211
67
10
117
159
74
DOI 10.1002/prs
Static Rationalization
March 2013
The results that can be obtained using dynamic rationalization can eliminate a significant number of redundant
alarms thereby reducing distractions and load for the operators. Figure 2 is a comparison of data for the same time
Figure 2. Comparison of dynamic versus typical alarm management. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue,
which is available at wileyonlinelibrary.com.]
Figure 3. Example of flood control using dynamically managed alarm rates upon unit trip and shutdowndata in 12-hour segments. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at wileyonlinelibrary.com.]
DOI 10.1002/prs
March 2013 75
Figure 4. Example of flood control using dynamically managed alarm rates upon unit trip and shutdowndata in hourly
segments.
However, these items will not accomplish much if the management has not made a commitment to project success.
March 2013
DOI 10.1002/prs
March 2013 77