HT-207

Heat Transfer in Laminar

Flow
Presented by 1.G.Venkat Narayan Reddy
2.Jayesh Bundel
3.Devanand Telgote
4.Gaurav chaudhary

Objective
1.To determine the overall heat transfer coeffecient for
the laminar flow.
2.To determine individual heat transfer coeffecient of the
film for the set up.
3.To verify the Seider Tate equation which describes
laminar flow heat transfer

Theory
1.We are using double pipe heat exchanger in external
pipe cold fluid(Water) flows and in inside pipe hot fluid
(mono ethylene glycol flows).
2. Heat is being transferred from hot fluid to cold fluid
through the metal wall.
3.In metal wall heat transfer occur by the mode of
conduction, where as heat transfer between fluid and wall
is by the phenomena of convection.

Theory
4.A significant resistance is present and the total
resistance is the sum of the individual resistance which is
given by
5.Heat transfer rate is given by Q=VCp(T2-T1).
where T2 is outlet temperature of hot fluid .
T1 is inlet temperature of hot fluid .
6.since the temperature will be different on the different
point so we will use L.M.T.D method.

Theory
7.Since we know the total resistance
Q=U1A1TLMTD
8.TLMTD=(T1-t1)-(T2-t2)/ln(T1-t1)/(T2-t2)
9.Seider Tate equation is given by
Nu=1.86(Re)0.3(Pr)0.3
where Nu is Nusselt,s number.
Re is Reynold,s number
Pr is Prandel number

sink

Schematic of
the experiment
Hot

cold

Temperature
indicator
volume measuring tube

volumetr
ic flow
rate
indicator

Temperature sensor

Yellow-Cold fluid
Ash-Hot fluid
source
Motor Pumps

Hot Fluid Tank

Experimental Procedure
First we calculate the
Zero error in the
temperature sensors

We took the reading

of T for 5 different
volumetric flow rate.

Then we start the

flow of cold fluid and
set the volumetric
flow rate for it.

then we adjust the

valve in order to
change the flow rate
of the hot fluid .

we set the T at 650 C

and start the heating
then we set the flow
rate so that the flow
corresponds to
Re=4000

Then we wait for 5

minutes for steady
state is to be
achieved and took
the reading of T.

Calculation Procedure
First we calculated the
volume flow rate
assuming reynolds
number to be 4000

We calculated inside
and outisde heat
transfer coefficient for
different flow rates.

Then we calculated the

inlet and outlet
temperatures for both
hot fluid and cold fluid
after steady state.

We then decrease the

volumetric flow rates by
changing value position
and repeat as before for 5
different flow rates

Using the before we

calculated the values
of U(Overall heat
transfer coefficent)

We then calculate LMTD

and Q(Heat transferred
for hot fluid) for different
values for each of the
flow rate.

Observation and Calculation table for

the Overall heat transfer coeffecient
T
A
B
L
E
1

Sr
no
1.

volumetric
flow rate

Q
(Kcal/h
r)

T1(C)

T2
(C)

T2-T1
(C)

t1
(C)

t2
(C)

l.m.t.d

U(Kcal/hr.
m^2.C)

u(m/sec)

46

42.1

3.9

27.4

29.9

15.38

2075.88

156.24

536.53

46

41.9

4.1

27.3

29.7

15.43

1860.62

138.67

44.25

510.23

44.9

40.2

4.7

27.4

29.5

14.05

1942.39

115.03

4.

32.2

371.28

44.6

39.9

4.7

27.3

29.2

13.95

1424.26

83.71

5.

24.34

388.14

44.4

37.9

6.5

27.3

29.1

12.80

1622.22

63.27

6.

13.06

246.71

43.6

35.9

7.7

27.4

29

11.27

1171.05

33.95

60.1

575.03

2.

53.34

3.

Observation and Calculation table for

individual heat transfer coeffecient
T
A
B
L
E
2

Sr no

Volumetric flow rate(cm^3/sec)

1/U

1/u^0.3

1.

60.1

0.0005

0.861781344

2.

53.34

0.000537

0.896749015

3.

44.25

0.000515

0.954371556

4.

32.2

0.000702

1.061051886

5.

24.34

0.000616

1.164792023

6.

13.06

0.000854

1.433422399

Table showing values of heat transfer

coeficients
T
A
B
L
E
3

S.no

V(cm^3/sec)

U(Kcal/hr.m^2.C)

hi

60.1

2000

2128

53.34

1861

1971

44.25

1942

2062

32.2

1424

1488

24.34

1622

1705

13.06

1171

1214

Table to prove Sieder-Tate

T
A
B
L
E
4

S.no

V
(cm^3/se
c)

Nu

Re

Pr

Gz=Re*P
r*d(i)/L

ln(Re)

ln(Nu)

log(Gz)

60.1

67.37

2282

53.2

999

7.7328

4.2103

6.907396

53.34

62.41

2025

53.2

887

7.6135

4.134

6.788073

44.25

65.32

1680

53.2

736

7.4266

4.1793

6.601241

32.2

47.12

1222

53.2

535

7.1087

3.8526

6.283352

24.34

54.00

924

53.2

404

6.8289

3.9890

6.003507

13.06

38.43

496

53.2

217

6.2063

3.6489

5.38094

Calculation of error
1.The slope for the graph of ln(Nu) vs ln(Gz)
comes out to be 0.3492.
and according to equation it is=0.30
so error=13.33%

Graph

Graph to prove seider tate equation

Results
1.From the plot of 1/U vs 1/u1/3 the Y
intercept which we got =2.83*10-5
2.To prove sieder equation lnNu vs lnGz we
got the slope of the curve is 0.34
3.The error in the slope is 4.77%

Conclusions
1.When we decrease the volumetric flow rate
we observe that the overall heat transfer
coefficient is also decreased.
2.When we decrease the volumetric flow rate
we observe that Nusselts number decreases.
3.When we decrease the volumetric flow rate
we observe that Graetz number decreases.

4.Prandelts number remains almost constant.

Remarks
1.Error in Temperature sensor may cause error
in the measurements.
2.If we use rotameter to calculate volumetric
flow rate instead of the cylindrical
arrangement we can get more accurate values
3.More proper insulation can be done for hot
fluid.

THANK YOU