Lymphatic and Immune System Review

Completion
Complete each statement.

Figure 12.1
Using Figure 12.1, identify the following:
1. A lymph node is indicated by letter __________.
2. The lymph duct is indicated by lettter __________.
3. Blood capillaries are indicated by letter __________.
4. Lymph fluid and some plasma proteins originate (escape) from the ____________________.
5. Excess accumulations of fluid, which impair the exchange of materials within the tissues, is called
____________________.
6. The role of the ____________________ in the lymphatic system is to remove worn-out blood cells and return
some of the products to the liver.
7. Harmful or disease-causing microorganisms from which nonspecific defenses protect the body are called
____________________.

8. Cells studded with protein molecules found on our own cells that do not trigger an immune response within us
(but may within others) are called ____________________.
9. When B cells encounter antigens and produce antibodies against them, we exhibit ____________________.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____

1. The fluid that is forced out of the capillary beds by hydrostatic and osmotic pressures and into the tissue
spaces is called:
a. arterial blood
b. venous blood
c. plasma
d. interstitial fluid
e. lymph

____

2. Lymph flows:
a. in a circular pattern within the tissues
b. away from the heart only
c. toward the heart only
d. both toward and away from the heart
e. into the capillaries

____

3. Which one of the following is NOT a mechanism that aids lymph return:
a. milking action of skeletal muscles
b. pressure changes within the thorax
c. the pumping action of the heart
d. smooth muscle contractions within the lymphatic vessels
e. presence of valves within the larger lymph vessels

____

4. Which one of the following is NOT true of lymph nodes:

a. they remove foreign materials from the lymph fluid
b. they have valves similar to those found in veins
c. they contain lymphocytes
d. they act as filters along the lymphatic vessels
e. they contain macrophages

____

5. Which lymphatic organ's major job is to destroy worn-out red blood cells and return some of the products to
the liver:
a. tonsils
b. spleen
c. thymus gland
d. tonsils
e. Peyer's patches

____

6. Which lymphoid tissues trap and remove bacteria entering the throat:
a. axillary lymph nodes
b. cervical lymph nodes
c. tonsils
d. Peyer's patches
e. thymus gland

____

7. The lymph organ that programs T cells and functions at peak levels only during youth is the:
a. thymus
b. spleen
c. appendix
d. tonsils
e. Peyer's patches

____

8. The body's first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms is:
a. phagocytes
b. natural killer cells
c. skin and mucous membranes
d. inflammatory response
e. fever

____

9. Which one of the following is NOT one of the nonspecific body defenses:
a. intact skin
b. antibody production
c. the inflammatory response
d. fever
e. natural killer cells

____ 10. The inflammatory process begins with release of chemicals, which do all of the following EXCEPT:
a. dilate blood vessels
b. attract phagocytes to the area
c. stimulate release of lysozyme
d. cause capillaries to become leaky
e. activate pain receptors
____ 11. Tissues invaded by viruses, which attempt to replicate themselves by taking over cellular machinery, secrete
small proteins called _____ to protect nearby cells and hinder further multiplication of the viruses.
a. histamine
b. interferon
c. kinins
d. interleukins
e. pyrogens
____ 12. Which of the following substances is NOT typically perceived as an antigen:
a. pollen grains
b. bacteria
c. self-antigens
d. fungi
e. virus particles
____ 13. Regardless of whether it matures into a B cell or a T cell, a lymphocyte that is capable of responding to a
specific antigen by binding to it is said to be:
a. clonal
b. incompetent
c. immune
d. immunocompetent
e. complemented

____ 14. B cells develop immunocompetence in the:

a. thymus gland
b. bone marrow
c. spleen
d. thyroid gland
e. lymph nodes
____ 15. The specific type of acquired immunity that a fetus obtains from maternal antibodies that cross the placenta is
called:
a. naturally acquired active immunity
b. naturally acquired passive immunity
c. artificially acquired active immunity
d. artificially acquired passive immunity
e. artificially acquired natural immunity
____ 16. What specific type of acquired immunity do vaccines provide:
a. naturally acquired active immunity
b. naturally acquired passive immunity
c. artificially acquired active immunity
d. artificially acquired passive immunity
e. naturally acquired artificial immunity
____ 17. Vaccines have had a significant impact on the life expectancy of humans. Which of the following statements
provided evidence of this?
a. Bacteria can no longer cause fatal
c. Childhood vaccines have prevented
infections
childern from dying from infectious
agents
b. The number of viruses have decreased
d. Infectious agents can mutate in response
over the years.
to antibiotic therapy
____ 18. Vaccines are developed to protect humans from infectious agents. What is the role of the immune system in
this process?
a. Vaccines cause a safe exposure to the
c. Vaccines are only available in the United
infectious agent and the immune system
States
develops antibodies to the agent
b. Vaccines cause the infectious agent to
d. Vaccines do not work
spread
____ 19. These organs are responsible for filtering lymph before it is returned to the circulatory system:
a. GALT
c. lymph vessels
b. spleen
d. lymph nodes
____ 20.
The H1N1 Virus, commonly known as the swine flu, was declared a pandemic by the World Health
Organization in 2009.
Which approach is most effective at preventing the spread of the virus?
a. vaccinations
b. sterilization

c. use of antibiotics
d. use of anti-fungal

____ 21. John and James are identical twins. During the summer following their fifteenth birthday, they went on a
vacation and stayed in a cabin with two of their cousins. One of the cousins came down with the chicken pox
in the middle of the vacation. Chicken pox is caused by a virus. Two weeks later, John came down with
chicken pox. James, however, never developed any symtoms of the disease. Which of the following is the best
explanation for the different responses John and James had to exposure to the same disease.
a. John and James are not really identical
twins. James inherited an immunity to
chicken pox but John did not.

c. James had been exposed to chicken pox at

an earlier age and developed the disease.
His body produced memory cells that
protected him from further infections of
the disease. John did not get exposed to
chicken pox at an earlier age.

b. Even though John and James are identical d. James had a cold at the time he was
twins, they produce different kinds of
exposed to the chicken pox virus. The cold
immune system cells. James had killer T
virus stimulated his body to produces lots
cells that could recognize and destroy
of B cells, which were then also able to
chicken pox viruses, while John did not.
recognize and bind to the chicken pox
viruses. John did not have a cold at the
time he was exposed to the chicken pox.
____ 22. During the winter you become sick with the flu. Shortly after that, you become sick with strep throat. Will the
same type of B cells that fough the pathogen that caused the flu fight the pathogent that causes strep throat?
a. Yes. Every B cell is capable of fighting
c. No. B cells fight viruses while T cells
every pathogen with which it comes in
fight bacteria
contact
b. Yes. B cells recognize similar antigens
d. No. Each B cell is capable of recognizing
such as bacterial and viral pathogens.
one specific antigen.
____ 23. Which of the following is a nonspecific response against a pathogen?
a. B cells
c. helper T cells
b. antibodies
d. inflammatory response
Short Answer
1. Max is bitten by a rattlesnake while on a camping trip. His friends immediately apply ice packs to the bitten
area to slow the spread of the protein-based toxin; they then rush him to an emergancy facility. What treat
ment would be give? What type of immunty is he gaining and why?
2. Tom gets a cut on his hand. After serveral dyas he notes swelling, pain, heat and redness. Upon opening the
would to relieve the pressure, the presence of pus is noted. What happened to the wound?
3. Why do school require inoculations for childhood diseases such as mumps, measles, and whooping cough?
Why are the inoculations of value?
4. Children born without a thymus must be kept in a germ-free environment if they are to survive. Explain why
this is necessary.
5. What are the signs of inflammation, and how does inflammation serve as a protective function?

Lymphatic and Immune System Practice Test

Answer Section
COMPLETION
1. ANS: B
PTS: 1
2. ANS: A

DIF: 2

REF: 404

PTS: 1
3. ANS: E

DIF: 2

REF: 404

PTS: 1
DIF: 2
4. ANS: blood plasma

REF: 404

PTS: 1
5. ANS: edema

DIF: 2

REF: 403-404

PTS: 1
6. ANS: spleen

DIF: 2

REF: 403

PTS: 1
7. ANS: pathogens

DIF: 2

REF: 407

PTS: 1
8. ANS:
self-antigens
autoantigens

DIF: 1

REF: 409

PTS: 1
DIF: 1
9. ANS: active immunity

REF: 416

PTS: 1

DIF: 2

REF: 420

PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:

DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:

E
C
C
B
B
C
A
C
B
C

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:

403-404
404
404
405-406
407
408
408
409
409-415
411-412

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:

B
C
D
B
B
C
C
A
D
A
C
D
D

SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
ophuj
PTS: 1
2. ANS:
kln
PTS: 1
3. ANS:
ug
PTS: 1
4. ANS:
k
PTS: 1
5. ANS:
ug
PTS: 1

PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:

2
2
3
2
1
1

REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:

413| 415
416
416
417
420
420