An American National Standard

Designation: F 994 86 (Reapproved 2001)

Standard Specification for

Design and Installation of Overboard Discharge Hull

Penetration Connections1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 994; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

TABLE 1 Pipe Schedule for Type 1 Penetrations, NPS 1 Through

NPS 24A

1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel overboard discharge hull penetrations for system piping of NPS 1 through
NPS 24 (see Note 1).

Penetration
Pipe Size,
NPS

NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has

been substituted in this standard for such TRADITIONAL terms as
nominal diameter, size, and nominal size.

1
1
1
2
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24

1.2 The minimum pipe schedule and reinforcement dimensions presented in Tables 1-6 are based on specifications in 46
CFR, 56.50-95 and Navy Design Data Sheet 100-1.
1.3 This specification does not include sea chest penetrations.
1.4 This specification does not include penetrations in
protective plating.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 519 Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel
Mechanical Tubing2
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe3
2.3 Military Document:
MIL-STD-1689 Fabrication, Welding, and Inspection of
Ships Structure4
2.4 Other Documents:
Title 46 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Subchapter F,
Marine Engineering4
Department of the Navy, Bureau of Ship Design Data Sheet
100-15

Shell Plating Thickness (T), in.

58

34

78

118

138

80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
60
60
60
40
40
40
40
40

80
160
160
160
80
80
80
80
80
80
60
60
60
60
40
40
40
40

160
160
160
160
160
160
120
80
80
80
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60

160
160
160
160
160
160
120
120
120
80
80
80
80
60
60
60
60
60

160
XXS
160
160
160
160
120
120
120
100
80
80
80
80
60
60
60
60

160
XXS
XXS
160
160
160
120
120
120
100
100
80
80
80
80
60
60
60

XXS
XXS
XXS
160
160
160
160
120
120
100
100
100
80
80
80
80
80
60

XXS
XXS
XXS
XXS
XXS
160
160
160
120
120
100
100
100
80
80
80
80
60

XXS
XXS
XXS
XXS
XXS
XXS
160
160
160
120
120
100
100
100
80
80
80
80

See Fig. 1.

ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels6

3. Classification
3.1 Type INonreinforced penetrations. Table 1 provides
minimum schedules for the penetration pipe. See Fig. 1 for
details of the penetration.
3.2 Type IIDoubler plate-reinforced penetrations. Table 2
provides minimum dimensions for doubler plates.
3.2.1 Class 1Inboard doubler plates. (Fig. 2)
3.2.2 Class 2Outboard doubler plates. (Fig. 3)
3.3 Type IIIInsert plate-reinforced penetrations. Table 3
provides minimum dimensions for insert plates.
3.3.1 Class 1Single-bevel insert plates. (Fig. 4)
3.3.2 Class 2Double-bevel insert plates. (Fig. 5)
3.4 Type IVSleeve-reinforced penetrations. Fig. 6 details
sleeve-reinforced penetrations.

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
Machinery and Piping Systems.
Current edition approved March 27, 1986. Published June 1986.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
4
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
5
Available from Department of the Navy, Naval Sea Systems Command,
Washington, DC 20362.

6
Available from American Bureau of Shipping, ABS Plaza, 16855 Northchase
Dr., Houston, TX 77060.

Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

F 994 86 (2001)
TABLE 2 Doubler Plate Dimensions (TD 3 D) Type II Penetration, NPS 1 Through NPS 24 (in. 3 in.)A
Penetrating
Pipe Size,
NPS, SCH

Shell Plating Thickness (T), in.

to
1, 80
1, 80
1, 80
2, 80
2, 80
3, 80
4, 80
5, 80
6, 80
8, 80
10, 60
12, 60
14, 60
16, 40
18, 40
20, 40
22, 60
24, 40
A

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

38

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

34

58

38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

78

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30

58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58
58

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30

34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

118
5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30

34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
23
25
27
29
31

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

138

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
23
25
27
29
31

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

5
6
6
7
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
28
30
32
33

See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.

TABLE 3 Insert Plate Dimensions (TI 3 D), NPS 1 Through NPS 24 (in. 3 in.)A
Penetrating
Pipe Size,
NPS, SCH

Shell Plating Thickness (T), in.

to
1, 80
1, 80
1, 80
2, 80
2, 80
3, 80
4, 80
5, 80
6, 80
8, 80
10, 60
12, 60
14, 60
16, 40
18, 40
20, 40
22, 60
24, 40
A

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

8
8
834
9
10
10
11
12
13
14
16
18
21
23
25
27
29
31

58

1
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
18

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

34

8
8
834
9
10
1034
11
12
13
14
17
18
21
23
25
27
29
31

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

8
834
9
9
10
1034
1134
13
14
15
18
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

78

1
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
38

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

1 3 9
1 3 9
1 3 9
1 3 10
1 3 10
1 3 11
1 3 12
1 3 13
1 3 14
1 3 16
1 3 18
1 3 20
1 3 2134
134 3 26
134 3 27
178 3 30
178 3 30
178 3 34

8
9
9
934
10
11
12
13
14
16
18
20
21
24
25
28
30
31
34

1
158
158
158
158
158
158
158
158
158
158
158
158
218
218
218
218
218
58

118

138

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

1 3 9
134 3 10
134 3 10
134 3 10
134 3 11
134 3 1134
134 3 1234
134 3 1334
134 3 1434
134 3 17
2 3 2034
2 3 2234
2 3 24
238 3 28
238 3 30
238 3 32
238 3 33
238 3 36

1 39
178 3 10
178 3 10
178 3 11
178 3 11
178 3 12
178 3 13
178 3 14
178 3 15
2 3 18
238 3 2234
238 3 2434
238 3 26
258 3 2934
258 3 3134
258 3 3334
258 3 34
258 3 38

9
9
10
10
1034
11
12
13
14
16
1834
2034
22
27
29
31
30
35

34

78

1
34

2 3 10
2 3 10
2 3 1034
2 3 11
2 3 11
2 3 12
2 3 13
218 3 15
218 3 16
2 3 19
2 3 23
2 3 25
258 3 2534
278 3 31
278 3 33
278 3 35
278 3 36
278 3 39

See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.

3.4.1 Class 1Sleeves of nonmachined steel tube. Table 4

provides minimum dimensions for nonmachined sleeves.
3.4.2 Class 2Sleeves of machined steel tube or pipe.
Table 5 provides minimum dimensions for machined sleeves.
3.4.3 Class 3Sleeves of rolled steel flatbar or plate. Table
6 provides minimum dimensions for rolled sleeves.

Penetration Pipe Size

Sleeve Material

NPS 1 through NPS 10

Seamless Steel Tubing, Specification

A 519.
Machined seamless steel pipe of same
material as penetration pipe.
Steel flatbar or plate of same or
superior material as hull plate,
manufactured with a full penetration, longitudinal butt weld.

NPS 12 through NPS 18

NPS 20 through NPS 24

4. Materials
5. General Requirements

4.1 Discharge pipe shall be of an acceptable material as

specified by Title 46 CFR, 56.60-1.
4.2 Doubler and insert plates shall be of material with
physical properties equal to or better than the reinforced shell
plate.
4.3 Reinforcing sleeve material shall depend on the penetration pipe size:

5.1 Overboard discharges shall be combined to the maximum extent practicable to minimize the number of shell
penetrations.
5.2 A minimum of 3 in. shall be maintained between the
edge of penetrations and shell plate welding seams. Penetrations shall be located so as to provide sufficient space for
2

F 994 86 (2001)
TABLE 4 Reinforcing Sleeve Dimensions, NPS 1 Through NPS 5 (Seamless Steel Tubing)A
Penetration
Pipe Size,
NPS, SCH

Shell Plating Thickness (T), in.

Sleeve Size, in.

12

14

1, 80

114 , 80

112 , 80

2, 80

212 , 80

3, 80

4, 80

5, 80

outer diameter
wall thickness
length
outer diameter
wall thickness
length
outer diameter
wall thickness
length
outer diameter
wall thickness
length
outer diameter
wall thickness
length
outer diameter
wall thickness
length
outer diameter
wall thickness
length
outer diameter
wall thickness
length

178

134
214
932
134
212
932
134
318
516
134
4
12
134
412
716
134
614
1316
134
658
1 2
2
14

58

34

78

178
14
178
214
932
178
212
932
178
318
516
178
4
12
178
412
716
178
614
1316
178
758
1
2

178
14
2
214
932
2
212
932
2
318
516
214
4
12
2
412
716
214
614
1316
2
758
1
2

218

218
214
932
218
3
12
218
318
516
212
4
12
218
412
716
234
614
1316
218
758
1
218

218

214
3
58
214
3
12
214
4
34
214
4
12
212
412
716
3
614
1316
212
758
1
212

38

38

118

114

138

112

218

238
3
58
238
3
12
238
4
34
238
4
12
234
412
716
338
614
1316
234
8
1316
212

218
38
212
3
58
212
3
12
212
4
34
212
4
12
3
458
12
312
614
1316
3
858
112
212

218
38
258
3
58
258
3
12
234
4
34
258
4
12
312
458
12
334
614
1316
314
858
112
234

218
38
3
3
58
234
3
12
3
4
34
234
4
12
358
458
12
418
614
1316
312
858
112
3

38

See Fig. 6.

TABLE 5 Reinforcing Sleeve Dimensions, NPS 6 Through NPS 12 (Machined Seamless Steel Tube)A
Penetration
Pipe Size,
NPS, SCH

Shell Plating Thickness (T), in.

Sleeve Size, in.

34

78

118

138

tube outer diameter

machined inner diameter
length
tube outer diameter
machined inner diameter
length
tube outer diameter
machined inner diameter

8
634
134
10
834
2
12
1078

8
634
2
10
834
234
12
1078

8
634
2
10
834
234
12
1078

8
634
2
10
834
3
1234
1078

9
634
2
11
834
3
1338
1078

9
634
234
11
834
3
1338
1078

9
634
234
11
834
3
1338
1078

9
634
3
11
834
3
14
1078

10
634
3
12
834
3
14
1078

length
tube outer diameter
machined inner diameter

234
14
1278

3
1438
1278

3
1438
1278

3
15
1278

3
15
1278

3
16
1278

334
16
1278

334
16
1278

4
16
1278

length

334

334

6, 80

8, 80

10, 60

12, 60

58

See Fig. 6.

welding between the penetration and shell longitudinals, stiffeners, or other structural members.
5.3 Shell penetrations located above the light load line shall
be clear of side ports, accommodation ladders, lifeboathandling areas, or other areas where discharge overboard is
detrimental to normal operation of the vessel or would create a
nuisance for personnel or other vessels in the area.
5.4 Overboard discharges shall be located to minimize
recirculation into suction seachests.
5.5 Shell penetrations shall be located outside of cathodic
protection areas.
5.6 Unfavorable flow characteristics may result when small
diameter, extreme schedule penetration pipe is used in accordance with Table 1. In this case, minimum allowable schedule

penetration pipe, with necessary reinforcement as specified in

Tables 2-6, is suggested.
5.7 Penetration pipe extension past the shell plate shall be
equal to the pipe wall thickness but not more than 38 in.
6. Welding
6.1 Welding shall be in accordance with Figs. 1-6 (see also
ANSI B36.10).
6.2 Weld quality shall be in accordance with American
Bureau of Shipping standards.
6.3 Fillet welds shall be equal to the penetration pipe wall
thickness but not more than 38 in.
6.4 Weld quality for military vessels shall be in accordance
with MIL-STD-1689.
3

F 994 86 (2001)
TABLE 6 Reinforcing Sleeve Dimensions, NPS 14 Through NPS 24 (Rolled Steel Flatbar or Plate)A
Penetration
Pipe Size,
NPS, SCH

Shell Plating Thickness (T), in.

Sleeve Size, in.

12

14

14, 60

16, 40

18, 40

20, 40

22, 60

24, 40

inner diameter
wall thickness
length

34

inner diameter
wall thickness
length

34

58

34

78

118

114

138

112

14316

14316

14316

14316

14316

14316

14316

14316

34

318
16316

34

334
16316

1
334
16316

1
4
16316

114
4
16316

114
414
16316

112
414
16316

112
412
16316

34

312
18316

34

418
18316

1
418
18316

1
412
18316

114
412
18316

114
434
18316

112
434
18316

112
5
18316

34

334
20316

34

412
20316

1
412
20316

1
434
20316

114
434
20316

114
5
20316

112
5
20316

112
514
20316

34

4
22316

34

5
22316

1
5
22316

1
514
22316

114
514
22316

114
514
22316

112
514
22316

112
512
22316

34

412
24316

34

514
24316

1
514
24316

1
512
24316

114
512
24316

114
534
24316

112
534
24316

112
6
24316

434

34

512

1
512

1
534

114
534

114
6

112
6

112
614

14316

2
16316

234

inner diameter
wall thickness
length

18316
34
3

inner diameter
wall thickness
length

34

20316

312

inner diameter
wall thickness
length

34

22316

312

inner diameter
wall thickness
length

24316
34
334

34

See Fig. 6.

FIG. 2 Type II, Class 1 Penetration: Inboard Doubler Plate

FIG. 1 Type I: Penetration

8. Keywords

7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance

7.1 Surface areas, corners, and discharge pipe ends shall be
free of burrs and sharp edges.

8.1 discharge hull penetration; hull penetration; marine

technology; penetration connection; ships; system piping

F 994 86 (2001)

FIG. 3 Type II, Class 2 Penetration: Outboard Doubler Plate

FIG. 4 Type III, Class 1 Penetration: Single-Bevel Insert Plate

F 994 86 (2001)

FIG. 5 Type III, Class 2 Penetration: Double-Bevel Insert Plate

FIG. 6 Type IV Penetration: Reinforcing Sleeve

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