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Slaves of Sultans Alan Machado (Prabhu), 2015
alan.machado3@gmail.com +91-80-94801 02236 (Bangalore, India)
Co-published in 2015 by
Goa,1556, Saligo 403511 Goa, India.
http://goa1556.goa-india.org, goa1556@gmail.com
+91-832-2409490 and
ATC Publications,
P.O. Box 8444,
Bangalore 560 084,
India. http://www.atcbooks.in

Cover art by Alpa Machado

Printed by Brilliant Printers Pvt. Ltd, www.brilliantprinters.com (Bangalore)
Typeset in LyX http://www.lyx.org. Text in Palatino
ISBN 978-93-80739-93-9-

Rs. 500 in India

About the author

Alan Joseph Machado (Prabhu) belongs to the Macedo (Machado) Prabhu family,
originally ganvkars of Aldona, in Bardez, Goa. The Prabhu family was converted to
Christianity sometime after 1605, and emigrated to Mermajal, near Mangalore circa
1680, along with a significant part of Bardezs population. The family was taken
captive by Tipu Sultan to Srirangapatna in 1784; only Joo survived.
Alans interest in the traumatic history of his family, most of it forgotten, has led him
onward through a long journey of which Slaves of Sultans is the latest and most
comprehensive.
Alan is an engineer by profession and has worked in Australia and the UK.

Contents
Preface: Reflections on the traumas inflicted on subjects by policies of the
state, specifically those of the Nao Portuguesa and the saltanat-ikhudadad on Goa's population.
Introduction: Need for reappraisal of the historiography of the Captivity,
the deportation of Kanara's Goan Christian immigrants by Tipu, as
projected by earlier authors, and of Tipu by British historians.
1. An Alliance of King with God: The complex political- religious
scenario of 18th century south India; a rulers use of religious beliefs in
bolstering political power; the difficulty in defining Hinduism; the alliance
of kshatriya and brahman; trade and the spread of Buddhist and Jaina
influence; suppression of Jainas in Tamil Nadu; Muslim influence from the
north and southern coasts in south India; dasara in Vijayanagara
2. A Tale of Two Islands...: Srirangapatna and Goa-islands of
enslavement; the suppression of Jainas in Karnataka; Portuguese
consolidation in Goa; motivation for the spiritual conquest of Goa; the
Inquisition and auto-da-f.
3. And that of a Third: The East India Company's loot of Bengal; Haidar
Alis reaction.
4. Exodus Goa: Of what use is to you, O Goa, the King of Portugal who
treats you as a slave?" --Bishop Mateus de Castro, 1654; dramatic decline
of Goas economy; emigrations to Kanara.
5. Extracting Honey from Stones: Growth of Kanaras Christian
population; individual family histories; by 1779, 21% of the Christian
population of Goan origin, about 50,000, lived in Kanara.
6. The Men in Cassocks and the Nawab: Christianity in the Kannada
and Tamil regions; Pe Cinnami and the Mysore missions; Bishop Noronha
and Pe Joachim Miranda; Haidar in Mangalore (1768).
7. Kanara: Goas relations with Kanara and the Ikkeris; brief outline of
Ikkeri history and Goa's forts at Mangalore, Kundapur, Honavar, and
Gangoli.

4
8. Beyond Mysore: Annexation of Ikkeri and Malabar; forced translocations.
9. Haidars Army: Transformation employing European tactics.
10. Hanging their Harps to Weep: Haidar's 52 English slave boys; military
slavery- origins in Baghdad, employment in India before Haidar; the Christian
dread of circumcision.
11. Haidars chelas: Haidars military slaves from Chitradurga, the Carnatic,
and England; their training by circumcised English prisoners and sepoys.
12. The Hat Wearers and Others: Haidar's Christian soldiers -- topasses,
Tamils, Kannadigas, mestios; the lack of fighting skills of Goan and Kanara
Christians.
13. A Tornado Defused: Haidars death; tributes from friend and foe alike;
Sheik Ayazs defection; Gen. Mathews's capture of Nagar and Kanara in 1783.
14. The Shadow of God over Mangalore: Tipu in Mangalore; a series of
disasters that threatened his rule while he was there-the French withdrawal,
the decimation of his cavalry by monsoon rains, Shamaiya's attempted coup,
Muhammad Ali's revolt, Fullarton's capture of Coimbatore and Palghat; the fall
of Kannur.
15. Legitimizing a Legacy: The politics of legitimization in Indo-Muslim
states; Tipus strategy; the tiger emblem, organ, throne, and bubry; the politics
of temple patronage and demolition; the nasrani (European, Christian) as a
target of the legitimization process.
16. To God, and towards Him only: The bitter Muslim-Portuguese rivalry
along India's west coast; Tipus library; the Tuhfat al-mujahidin.
17. An Appropriation of nasranis: The enslavement of the Christians,
Kodavas, and Nairs; suppression of Christianity.
18. The Making of Myths: The Captivity-the debunking of associated myths;
analyses of charges made against the Kanara Christians: inviting the English
to invade Kanara in 1781-82; provisioning and assisting Mathew's army when
it landed and took possession of Honavar; plundering the treasury at Nagar;
accompanying the detachment which captured Mangalore, provisioning it,
guiding the detachment that defeated Husain Ali Khan and helping to repair
the fort; loan of Rs 330,000 to the English; Christian soldiers deserting from
Tipu's army to join the English.

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55

6
19. Early One Morning: The Captivity: statistics and individual stories; the
date.
20. The Long and Winding Road: Rediscovering the road to exile-the main
road connecting Kanara to the interior. Just short of 300 kms, it passed by
Jamalabad, through the Kodekallu ghat, passed the forts of Ballalrayandurg
and Vastare, through Belur, Hassan, and Channarayapatna to
Srirangapatna.
21. Srirangapatna, City of Exile: Refuting Abbe Dubois; Christianity goes
underground; the Virajpet records.
22. The Sultans Slaves: The lashkar-i-ahmadi composed on Kanara
Christians and Kodavas; evidence from the Barkur Manuscript, Scurry,
Bristow and others; women slaves; Scurrys wife.
23. A Goan Coup of Sorts: The failed coup of 1787-the first planned revolt
by Indians, Goan Christian priests in this case, against European rule 70
years before the so-called Indian Mutiny; Tipus suspected role.
24. Heavy is the Crown: Tipu's Malabar campaign of 1789; Tellicherry as a
refuge for Kanara Christians.

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25. On a Night of a Million Stars: February 6, 1792; freedom in Kodagu;

stirrings of revival in Kanara.
26. The Gathering Storm: The build up to the end.
27. May 4, 1799: The bitter end; Tipus death.
28. Missing out on Martyrs: The politics of martyrdom; its absence in the
post-1799 reconstruction of the Christian identity.
29. This Land is my Land: Rehabilitation; re-writing history; fictional
heroes -- Balthu Chutney, Sardar Simanv Pedru Prabhu; the real heroes of
the Captivity.
Bibliography: 15 pages listing references on a range of topics and covering a
period of centuries-ideal source material for future scholarship on these
subjects. Those interested in listed e-books may contact the author for copies
of those which are copyright-expired.

S
1
G

S
I
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7
Sarasvati's Children is Alan's first serious attempt to explore the history of
Mangalore's Catholic community of Brahman origin. It takes us through the
traditions Children
of the migrations
theserious
Sarasvat
Brahmans
to Goa,
Sarasvati's
is Alan's of
first
attempt
to explore
thethe
history of
conversion
of
sections
of
their
community
to
Christianity,
their
furtherthe
migration to
Mangalore's Catholic community of Brahman origin. It takes us through
Kanara,
and
their
deportation
to
Srirangapatna
by
Tipu.
traditions of the migrations of the Sarasvat Brahmans to Goa, the

conversion of sections of their community to Christianity, their further migration

Captivity
of 1784:
Re-appraising
Causes and by
Conclusions
is a booklet that
toThe
Kanara,
and their
deportation
to Srirangapatna
Tipu.
examines the Tipus motives in ordering the Captivity.
The Captivity of 1784: Re-appraising Causes and Conclusions is a booklet that
Shades within
Shadows,
a novel,
uses simple
and elegant language, with a rhyme
examines
the Tipus
motives
in ordering
the Captivity.
and rhythm that adds a lilting touch to its prose, to tell a very human story of
humanwithin
foiblesShadows,
and quirks,
weakness
and inner
adversitywith
and asurvival,
Shades
a novel,
uses simple
andstrength,
elegant language,
rhyme
exuberant
and athe
loneliness
of its
theprose,
ageing,
andadeath.
Set in the
period
from
and
rhythm youth
that adds
lilting
touch to
to tell
very human
story
of
Tipus foibles
arrivaland
in Mangalore
to the Captivity,
delves into
the Mangalorean
human
quirks, weakness
and inner it
strength,
adversity
and survival,
Catholic communitys
in Tulunadus
rich cultural
world.SetItin
is,the
in the
words
exuberant
youth and thelife
loneliness
of the ageing,
and death.
period
fromof
Mangalorean.com,
a blendtoofthe
raw
history and
mature
Tipus
arrival in Mangalore
Captivity,
it delves
intonarrative.
the Mangalorean
Catholic communitys life in Tulunadus rich cultural world. It is, in the words of
For copies of Slaves
of Sultans
and
Shades
Shadows
(others out of print)
Mangalorean.com,
a blend
of raw
history
andwithin
mature
narrative.
contact:
For
copies of Slaves
of Sultans and
Shades withinatcbooks@gmail.com
Shadows (others out+91-80-25487444
of print)
ATC Publications,
info@atcbooks.in,
Bangalore:
contact:
Goa: Goa,1556, goa1556@gmail.com, +91-832-2409490, 98221 22436
ATC
Publications, info@atcbooks.in,
Bangalore:
Mangalore:
+91-824-2434259,
99647 16942 atcbooks@gmail.com +91-80-25487444
: Goa,1556, goa1556@gmail.com,
+91-832-2409490,
98221 22436
Goa
Overseas/mail
order: goa1556@gmail.com,
+91-832-2409490,
+91-9822122436;
Mangalore:
+91-824-2434259,
99647
16942
atcbooks.in, +91-80-25487444; alan.machado3@gmail.com
Overseas/mail order: goa1556@gmail.com, +91-832-2409490, +91-9822122436;
atcbooks.in, +91-80-25487444; alan.machado3@gmail.com

Slaves of Sultans 432 pages

Slaves
of Sultans
147000+
words 432 pages
147000+
Glossary words
(of Kannada, Konkani, Portuguese, Sanskrit,
Persian, Arabic-origin
words) Konkani, Portuguese, Sanskrit,
(of Kannada,
Glossary
Persian,
Arabic-origin
words)
Select
chronology
Select
Index chronology
Index
Nine pages of maps
Nine
pages
of maps
Makes
a great
gift ...
Makes a great gift ...