Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
6
Zachary Burell, Vibha Gill, Anthony Morgan
January 20, 2009
a) Show that there indeed exists only one bound state and calculate its
energy E.
B1
. Deduce from this that,
2
in the bound state, the probability of nding the particle outside the well
approaches 1.
c) How can the preceding considerations be applied to a particle placed,
as in excercise 2, in the potential V (x) = (x)?
(1)
Where V0 is a positive constant. We consider the bound states (V0 < E < 0)
2 2
or
where =
x < a/2)
(2)
xx = 2
2m|E|
is
~
I (x) = Ae x + Aex
and
~2 2
= |E| > 0
2m
In region II ( a/2 < x < a/2 , V (x) = V0 ) S.E. is :
~2
xx V0 = E
2m
or
xx = k 2
(4)
(5)
Solution in Region II :
2m (V0 |E|)
~
(6)
and
Region III ( x > a/2 and V0 = 0) Solution is :
(7)
and
k
~2 2
= |E| > 0
2m
k 2 + 2 =
(8)
The parity invariance of the potential allows us to choose the energy eigenstates
to be simmoultaneously eigenstates of parity, i.e. odd and even functions ( as
2
Imposing continuity at x =
derivatives yields:
a2
and x =
A = Be
a
2
cos
a
2
for the
ka
2
even
tan
ka
= /k
2
(10)
ka
2
ka
2
(11)
= k/
(12)
a
2
sin
2mV0 a2 /~2
Then we have a =
p
2 2 and the conditions can be written as
s
2
1
tan =
2
(13)
(14)
2m
~2
g2
|E| a2
2
r
= tan
and
2
1=
2
mg 2 a
~2
mg 2 a
~2
|E| a2
2
g a/2 |E| a2
(15)
2a |E|
g2
(16)
mg 4
mV02 a2
'
2
2~
2~2
There is no solution for the odd eigenstate condition, therefore we get one ,
even, bound state.
This can also be seen graphically ( for a 0 , < 2 ) there is only one
intersection of the two curves ( see g. 2 )
3
Figure 1:
10
Figure 2:
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
x
1.0
1.2
1.4