CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur

COLLEGE OF DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION
A/Y 2013-2014
DETAILED LESSON PLAN
I.

Objectives:
At the end of the one hour lesson, 75% of the students are expected to:
1. Choose the appropriate modal to complete a sentence.
2. Cite the importance of using modals in the sentence.
3. Rephrase sentences using the appropriate modal.

II.

Subject Matter
1. Topic: Modals
2. Reference: a. Lesson Plans for English as a Foreign Language. Lesson Plans by Catherine Schell & Dr. Grard Beck, Lesson 7 p.2-7
b. ESLlibrary.com
c. bbclearningenglish.com
d. Functions of Modal Verbs in English compiled by G.V. Kuzmina p. 3-57
e. Prentice Hall Regents p. 202
3. Materials: Projector, netbook, markers, manila papers, room
4. Skills to be developed: critical thinking, analyzing, decision making, time managing
5. Values Integration: cooperation, self-esteem, optimism, appreciation
6. Methodology: 4As

III.

Procedures:

Teachers Hint

Time Frame
8

minutes

I.

Routinary Activity
A. Greetings

B. Prayer

Teachers Activity

Students Activity

Good afternoon everyone!

Good afternoon, Sir and Maam!
I am Darwin O. Sentillas. I am Marlyn P.
Musca. We will be your facilitator for this
afternoons discussion.
Before we begin the lesson this afternoon, let

Instructional Material

us first ask the guidance of almighty God

and let us enlighten our mind to completely
understand the topic this afternoon. Would
you please lead the prayer?
In the hand of the Father, the Son and
the Holy Spirit. Amen
(The student recites a prayer.)
C. Classroom Management

Class, kindly arrange your seats properly and (The students will arrange their seats
pick up the pieces of papers under it.
and pick up the pieces of papers under
the chair.)

D. Checking of Attendance

Is there any absentee? Class monitor kindly Yes Sir!

check the attendance. Thank you!

E. Motivation

Now, are you familiar to Avril Lavigne? Have

you listened to her songs?
Yes Sir!
Well, I play here one of her greatest hits
Skater Boy. I want you to listen to the
popular song of her.
No Sir!
As I play the song, keep your eyes on the
lyrics on the copy Ive distributed and your
ears to the sound. You can also sing the song
while its playing but bear in mind to sing it
softly. I am making myself clear?
Yes Sir!
(I am now going to play the song.)
What a wonderful choir!
Class this is our objectives for the day. At the end of our one hour lesson,
Kindly read the objectives, Rovieanne.
students are expected to:
1. Choose the appropriate modal to
complete a sentence.
2. Cite the importance of using
modals in the sentence.
3. Rephrase
sentences
using
appropriate modal.
We will dig more about the different modals
that express possibility and probability.

F. Presentation of Objectives

II.

Lesson Proper

Video clip

5 minutes

1. Activity
a. Pre-Activity

Now, group yourselves into three groups by

counting 1,2,3,4 alternately. Group 1
position yourselves in the front seats of the
left side, group 2 at the back of group 1 while
the group 3 you can work at the front chairs
in the front of the right wing of this room
and the group 4 at the back of the right side
of this room. Each group must write at least
three sentences on your deduction to the
message or story of the song.
I will also give a copy of the lyrics of Skater
Boy to every group.
By the way here are the criteria for our
rubrics. We need to agree on a certain score
who meet all the criteria.
CRITERIA
Sentences should be well-constructed
with strong and varied structure
which adheres to accepted format,
usage, spelling, punctuation and
capitalization in the developmental
level.
Four sentences are required.
Group are ought to demonstrate
cooperation and display maximum
effort in doing the activity.
Time consciousness must be present..
Exceptional
discipline
can
be
achieved.
5 criteria=
4 criteria=
3 criteria=
2 criteria=
1 criteria=
(The activity is timed for five minutes only.)

Manila paper

5 minutes
b. Activity Proper
5 minutes

20 minutes

2. Analysis and Abstraction

(The groups will do the activity in five

minutes)

Group 1 you can now start presenting the

sentences youve constructed.
Group 2 will follow, group 3 should be ready
and group 4 must be the last to present the
sentences.
(Each group will present the
sentences, accordingly.)
Great job everyone!
Thank you for the active participation! Give
yourself a Face Dance clap. Did you know
how to do it?
Stand up! You just need to clap three times,
stamp three times and make face or deform
your face in the funniest way. It should last
for five seconds.
(The teacher will announce which group won
the highest points in the activity.)
Congratulations!
Thank you Sir!
You can now take your seats. Our lesson for
today will dig deeper on the different modal
and their functions.
Modal verbs are a special kind of auxiliary
Visual materials
verbs. Like other auxiliary verbs, they are
always used with a main verb but modal
verbs express an attitude to what we say.
They can express how certain or uncertain
we are about an event, or how willing or
unwilling we are to do something, for
example. We will give attention to the four
paired forms can and could, will and would,
may and might, and shall and should and
one of the singular forms- must.
Okay class, I have here different sentences.
Who would want to read the sentences?
(A student will volunteer.)
1. I can drive.
2. Can I use your phone please?

3. You can use my phone.

4. Students can pre-enroll
subjects.
Sentences used can.

the

What did you observe from the sentences?

Very good!
So what is the function of can in the first
sentence?
Can in the first sentence state physical
capacity or ability. The persona talking
is stating that he is able to driving.
Precisely!
How about in the second sentence?
Can in the second sentence ask
permission or request.
Correct!
In the third sentence?
Can is used to give permission.
How about in the last sentence?
Can is used to give an option.
Meaning to say can is used to?
The function of CAN are the ff:
1. Showing ability
2. Suggest possibility or give an
option.
3. To ask for or give permission.
Is that clear?
Yes Sir!
Who would like to read the next sentences?
(A student will volunteer, if not so, the
teacher will ask for somebody to
recite.)
1. I could cook fish fillet.
2. Could I use your phone please?
3. We could go to the new
restaurants.
4. It could rain today.
5. She could be at home.
Base from what youve read, what is the
function of could in the different sentences? Could in the first sentence express
about ability in the past. In the second
sentence, it is use as a polite
permission or request. The third
sentence conveys suggestion. The
fourth sentence tells about possibility

Very good!
In other words, could performs as?

Very good!
How about these sentences?
Who would like to read?

Exactly!
So what is the function of may?

Very good!
Who would like to read these sentences?
So what is the function of the sentences?

or low probability. The last one

articulate on possibility of many.
Could functions as:
1. Past ability
2. Polite permission
3. Suggestion/option
4. It also shows possibility.
1. May I use your phone please?
2. It may rain today.
3. She may be at home.
The first sentence express polite
request. The second sentence says
possibility, more probable than could.
The third sentence is the same as the
second one.
May is used to:
1. Ask for a polite permission
(formal way).
2. Give possibility, more probable
than could
1. It might rain today.
2. She might be at home.
The probability of the event is greatly
reduced when might is used.

Youre right!
Possibility.
So might is used to show what?
Correct!
Class, remember that may is used in writing
because it is formal while might is more
common in conversations.
Yes Sir!
Are you still up?
Modals are quite confusing but you should

analyze the sentences to use the appropriate

modals.
Lets continue.
Who would like to read these sentences?

What does it have?

Very good! Base from the sentences what are

the function of modal will?

Very good!
Who would like to read these sentences?

How does would perform in the sentence?

1. He will leave for the plane at

7am.
2. I will make dinner.
3. I will call you at 4pm.
4. The summer will be very hot.
5. Will you help me with these
boxes?
The first sentence shows action for the
future. The second sentence tells
about a voluntary action. The third
sentence is a promise. The next
sentence after that is a prediction. The
last question is a polite question.
The functions of the modal will are
the ff:
1. State future action.
2. Voluntary action.
3. Promise
4. Prediction
5. To ask polite question.
1. When I lived in Manila, I would
go to the mall every day.
2. Mark promised that he would
help me with my Math
homework.
The first sentence indicated repeated
action in the past.
The second sentence indicates future
time in the sentence that is in the past.

1. Would function to indicate a

repeated action in the past.
2. It also indicates future time in
the sentence that is in the past.

Very well said!

Do you understand?
Yes Sir!
How about these sentences? Who would like
to read?
1. The defendant shall pay a fine
of $200.
2. Shall we begin?
3. Thou shall not kill.
It is observable that the sentences have shall.
What is the difference of function from each
sentence?
The first sentence tells something
about legal obligation. The second
sentence of interrogative shows
suggestion. The third sentence is a
future action.
Very well said!
So from the sentences mentioned, can you
tell me the function of modal shall?
Function of shall
1. It state obligation.
2. Suggestion
3. Future action, rare, British
Thats right!
Would you please these sentences? (pointing 1. You should try the new
the student)
restaurant downtown.
2. I should renew my drivers
license.
3. You should receive my letter in
two days.
The first sentence shows advisability.
The second sentence tells about
obligation. The last sentence shows
expectation.
Who can tell me the function of modal verb
should?

Very good!
And lastly, who wants to read and share his
analysis about these sentences?
What about these sentences?
What is the function of must in the
sentence?

Do you all understand the different modal?

12 minutes

3. Application

In a sheet of paper, answer the following

activity.
A. Choose among the choices the correct
modal that is appropriate in the
sentence. Write your answer in a
sheet of paper.
1. She looks pretty sick. I think she
_____ go to the doctor. (can,
should)
2. Youve been driving all day. You
_____ be exhausted! (should,
must)
3. Hey Im lost! _____ you help me?
(should, can)
4. I _____ do that if I were you!
(could, should)
5. ______ we send the package by
mail or by express? (Will, Shall)
B. Paraphrase
the
sentences
using

Functions:
1. To give advice.
2. To show obligation.
3. To show expectation.

1. I must call my parent tonight.

2. She must be at home.
The first sentence tells about necessity
and the other one shows very high
probability.
Function of must.
1. Indicate necessity or obligation.
2. Shows very high probability.
Yes Sir!

appropriate modal. Write your answer at

the back of the paper.
e.g. It is possible that he comes with us
tonight.
(He might come with us tonight.)
1. There is a 100% chance of rain
tomorrow.
(It will rain tomorrow.)
2. It is possible for them to travel to
Boracay Beach for the holidays.
(They can travel to Boracay
Beach for the holidays.)
3. Please drive carefully tonight, ok?
(Would you drive carefully
tonight?)
4. It is very unlikely that we get a loan
from the bank, but its possible.
(We might not get a loan from
the bank.)
5. Perhaps Sarah lends Simon some
money.
(Sarah may lend Simon some
money.)
C. Match two columns to identify the use of
each modal verb. Write the letter only.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

He must be on time
to make a good
impression.
Abe asks if he can
call her back Friday
morning.
Lyla should be
happy to get his
call.
You should visit a
doctor.
She says she may be
available on Friday.

a.

Obligation

b. Advice
c. Polite

request

d. Rational

probability

e. Possibility
f. permission

minutes

5 minutes

III.

Valuing

IV.

Generalization

Who could tell me the importance of modal?

We have tackled nine modal auxiliary

verbs, but they are used with very
great frequency and in wide range of
meanings. They express concepts or
attitudes
(they
fulfill
different
functions)
relating
to
recommendation,
obligation,
necessity, and prohibition, and
refusal;
possibility,
expectation,
probability and certainty; promise and
Use the appropriate modal to express polite intention, ability and willingness.
sentence and have respect to the one you are
talking with.
Thats awesome! Very well said!
Who would like to generalize our lesson this
afternoon?
Our lesson is about the different
functions of different modals.
Yes it is!
Who could give me the function of modal
can?
The function of CAN are the ff:
1. Showing ability
2. Suggest possibility or give an
option.
3. To ask for or give permission.
How about could? Come on guys!

Thats right!
How about may and might?
Thank you! That was right!
So now, will and would?

Could functions as:

5. Past ability
6. Polite permission
7. Suggestion/option
It also shows possibility.
May is used in writing because it is
formal while might is more common
in conversations.
The functions of the modal will are
the ff:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.

Okay correct!
How about shall and should?

Very nice!
And lastly, must. Who would like to end it
up?
Our lesson ends up here. Kindly, prepare
sheet of paper and answer the following
questions.

IV.

State future action.

Voluntary action.
Promise
Prediction
To ask polite question.
Would function to indicate a
repeated action in the past.
2. It also indicates future time in
the sentence that is in the past.
Function of shall
4. It state obligation.
5. Suggestion
Future action, rare, British
Functions of should:
4. To give advice.
5. To show obligation.
To show expectation.
Function of must.
3. Indicate necessity or obligation.
Shows very high probability.

Evaluation (5 minutes)
Choose among the choices of modals to what is appropriate in the following sentences.
1. They _____ (must/may) be away for the weekends but Im not sure.
2. He _____ (can/could) be French, judging by his accent.
3. I _____ (could/shall) go to the town plaza on Saturday.
4. This _____ (must/could) be the right answer but well have to check with your teacher to make sure.
5. _____ (May/Can) you play the piano?

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

That looks very expensive! It _____ (should, must) have cost a fortune!
Hello Juan! Diego _____ (may, might) cook a viand if we visit him.
If I go to Laguna, I _____ (would, will) see the house of Jose Rizals family.
I think you _____ (should, can) take the train; it's faster than the bus.
_____ (Will, Would) you lend me two dollars to buy a coffee please?

Prepared by:
Sentillas, Darwin O.
Musca, Marlyn P.