E i

Environmental
t l Law
L

Anna Patricia China

 Verb forms
have the text in hands - An
Introduction to Brazilian
Environmental Law and Case
Study on Environmental Law
Enforcement and Compliance
in Costa Rica: water pollution
with
ith ttoxic
i substances
b t
p
pad for yyour notes
dictionary

http://sha
awnjohnsona
andassociattes.com

G tti ready
Getting
d ...

V b forms
Verb
f
One of the main difficulties experienced
b non-native
by
ti speakers
k
iin using
i ttenses
concerns the difference between the
present perfect and the simple past.

P
Present
t perfect
f t
actions which started in the past and
continuous
ti
up to
t now
Example:
and the g
growing
g involvement of civil
society in the policy debatehave led us
to address environmental challenges in a
proactive and transparent way, both
domestically and abroad.
4

past action that has the result in the

presentt
Example:
From Rio de Janeiro in 1992 to Bali in 2008,
no major international discussion on the
environment has occurred without
Brazilian participation.

Si l pastt
Simple
refers to completed actions that occurred
i th
in
the pastt
Example:
Two decades ago,
g Brazil was on the
defensive on this critical front.

Check it out!
Two decades ago,
g , Brazil was
on the defensive on this critical
front Since then
front.
then, a number of
structural changeslinked to
redemocratization
d
ti ti and
d th
the
growing involvement of civil
society in the policy debate
have led us to address
environmental challenges in a
proactive and transparent way
way,
both domestically and abroad.
7

B ili Environmental
Brazilian
E i
t l Law
L
An Introduction to Brazilian Environmental
Law
byy Antonio de Aguiar
g
Patriota
(Ambassador of Brazil to the United States
off America).
A
i )

Practice 1 - Organizing
g
g topics
p
According to the article above: three stages
can be
b id
identified
tifi d iin th
the d
development
l
t off
Brazilian attitudes to environmental issues
from a legal perspective.
Organize each topic below according to the
stage it belongs to:

-include a legal definition of the environment

- fragmentary
f
t
stage
t
- unrelated laws
- holistic stage
safeguard
egua d human
u a health
ea t
- sa
- natural rubber producers
- ethical terms
- environment as a whole
-environment
i
t became
b
a fifield
ld off llaw
- pau-brasil
- unruly exploitation
imposing controls on exploration and extraction
-imposing
activities
- National Environmental Policy Law
10

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

ethical terms

11

Practice 2 Understanding
g what you
y
read
Did you understand what you read above?
A
Answer
the
th questions
ti
below
b l
b
based
d on th
the extract
t t
of the article and your understanding.
1 Who is the author?
2 Where
Wh
was thi
this article
ti l published?
bli h d?
3 - Why
y did the author write this article?
4 The article describes the development of
Brazilian attitudes regarding environmental
issues from a legal perspective. How does the
author present this issue?
12

Practice 3 Where are the verbs?

Underline the verbs in the simple past in the
t t below
text
b l
- Case
C
St
Study
d on E
Environmental
i
t l
p
in
Law Enforcement and Compliance
Costa Rica: water pollution with toxic
substances.
substances

13

C
Case
study
t d
Case Study on Environmental Law
E f
Enforcement
t and
d Compliance
C
li
iin C
Costa
t
pollution with toxic
Rica: water p
substances
MAURI, CAROLINA

14

Practice 4 Memory
y check
Make word combinations using words from
B A+
Box
A Box
B B.
B Write
W it the
th word
d
combinations in Box C.

15

Box
o A
civil
evidentiary
data
environmental
i
t l
poisonous
rural
medical
Court
Environmental
sentence
Wildlif
Wildlife
Health

Box
o B
enforcement
community
Prosecutor
th defendant
the
d f d t
collection
Law
compensation
Prosecutor
reports
substances
requirements
i
Conservation
Law

Box
o C

medical reports
p

16

-tinha a faca e o queijo na mo

-batendo na mesma tecla
-farinha
farinha do mesmo saco
Take the quiz and learn these
idomatic expressions and
others:

h
http://manim
maneon.files..wordpress.ccom

V
Vocabulary
b l
check
h k

http://www.inglesonline.com.br

17

18

http
p://momblog
ggersplanet.com

Review y
your lesson and do the
exercises

Check your answers

19

H
How
d
do I say?
?
-tinha
tinha a faca e o queijo na mo
-batendo na mesma tecla
-farinha do mesmo saco
Take
T
k the
th quiz
i and
d llearn th
these id
idomatic
ti
expressions
p
and others:
http://www.inglesonline.com.br

20