HSK Vocabulary - Simplified

Hanzi
(Simplified)

Pinyin

English

iy

oh; ah

alas

suffer; endure

cancer; carcinoma

settle; stabilize; settled; stable

ndng

stable; stabilize

nzhung

install; erect

nq

on schedule; on time

n'n

secretly

decoct; boil; endure; hold out

om

mystery; enigma

push aside; hold on to; strip off; dig

up

hold; grasp; control

bw

grasp; hold; certainty; assurance

dam; dyke; embankment

dismiss; cease; stop

b gng

strike; walk out

bibi

for nothing; in vain; to no purpose

bihu

general merchandise

bish

cypress

bitu

free oneself from; get rid of

bifng

pay a visit; call on

bihu

pay an official visit; call on

bn

kind; sort; way; -like

bn

valve; petal; segment; section

bndo

Peninsula

bnl

handle; conduct; deal with

bng

gang; band; group; secret society

bng

bind; tie up

bng

bar; stick; club

bng

good; strong

bng

Pound

bofu

a bundle wrapped in cloth; burden

bohn

contain; embody; include

bowi

surround; encircle

bo

shell; peel; skin

bogun

keep; take care of; storekeeper

bo m

keep secret; maintain secrecy

boshu

guard; keep; conservative

boxin

safe; be sure; insurance

bozhng

ensure; guarantee; protection

bo

precious things; treasure

bosh

precious stone; gem

bo

report; announce; declare

bochu

revenge; avenge

bochou

reward; pay

bof

retaliate; revenge; retaliation; reprisal

bokn

newspapers and periodicals; the

press

bosh

newspaper office

bol

expose; lay bare; divulge; undress

boy

rainstorm; downpour

bof

erupt; burst out; break out

bozh

explode; blow up

bi'i

sad; sorrowful; grieved

bigun

pessimistic

bi

generation

bibo

knapsack; backpack; rucksack

bijng

background; backdrop

bisng

recite

bixn

vest; jersey; tank

bidng

passive

bi p

be compelled; be forced

bn

run; rush

bnpo

run; run about

bnrn

I; me; myself; oneself

bnshn

itself; in itself

bn

go straight towards; approach; go

about doing sth.

bng

don't; needn't

bfang

instance; analogy

bsh

written examination

bc

each other; one another

bjng

after all; when all is said and done; in

the end

bm

close; conclude

certainly; surely; definitely;

necessarily

bdng

undoubtedly; certainly; surely

bxi

compulsory; required; obligatory

bx

necessarily need; be essential

wall

binjing

border area; borderland; frontier

binji

bound; boundary; border

binyun

edge; fringe; brink

binj

edit; compile; editor; compiler

binzh

weave; plait; braid; work out; draw

up; size of staff

binl

convenient; easy; facilitate

biny

be easy; be convenient

bindng

alter; change; alteration

bing

change; transform; transformation

binln

argue; debate; argument

bioy

slogan; poster

biozh

indicate; mark; sign; symbol

bioqng

expression

bi

stick in; fasten with a pin or clip;

leave; part

bich

another place; elsewhere

biz

wrongly written or mispronounced

character

bnggnr

popsicle

bng

handle of sth.

bng

the third of the ten Heavenly Stems;

third

bng

round flat cake

bngchung

hospital bed; sickbed

bngqng

state of an illness; patient's condition

bxu

exploit; exploitation

sow; seed; broadcast; spread

bsng

broadcast; beam

move sth. with hand, foot, or stick;

turn; dial; assign

blng

water wave

bci

spinach

bsh

one who holds the degree of doctor

bwgun

museum

bru

weak; frail

b'n

uneasy; disturbed

bb

be unlike

bcng

have never done sth.

b du

not right; wrong; incorrect

bgu

not enough; insufficient; inadequate

bg

have no consideration for; have no

regard for

bjin

vanish; disappear; not see; not meet

b jind

not necessarily; not likely

bjn

cannot help; cannot refrain from.

bju

unknowingly; unawares

bk

cannot; should not; must not

bl

disadvantageous; unfavorable

blio

unexpectedly; to one's surprise

bmn

be dissatisfied; be unsatisfied;
unsatisfied

bmin

inevitably; would naturally

bshi

mistake; fault; blame

bsh rsh

not but

bsh jish

either or

btng

ceaselessly; constantly; on and on

bxinghu

unreasonable; outrageous; shocking

byude

can't help; cannot but

b zihu

not mind; not care

b znmeyng

not so good; not particularly good;

pretty bad

bzh

be not limited to; be more than; not

stop

bzh

not only; not merely

bz

not enough; insufficient; inadequate

bgo

notice; bulletin; edict

bzhu

step; move; measure

bsh

dispose; deploy; deployment; plan

cixing

suppose; speculate; guess;

supposition

cifeng

dressmaker; tailor

cipn

judge; umpire; act as referee; referee

ci

talent; ability

cinng

talent; ability; capacity

cichn

property; possessions

cif

riches; wealth

cizhng

government finance; public economy

cnch

dinning car; restaurant car

cnko

refer to; consult

cnmu

give advice; brain man; advisor

cn

silkworm

cnk

cruel; brutal

cnku

ashamed

cn

miserable; tragic; cruel; inhumane

cnln

bright; splendid; brilliant; magnificent

cngbi

pale; wan; pallid

cngying

fly; housefly

cng

cabin; hold

cngk

storehouse; warehouse

co xn

bother; worry about; take pains

cozng

handle; control; operate; manipulate;

rig

cozu

operate; manipulate

co'n

protocol; draft (of a plan, decree,

regulation, etc.)

side; turn sideways; incline to one

side

measure; survey; fathom; test; exam

cling

measure; survey; gauge

csh

test; examine; trial; testing

ch yng

transplant rice seedlings

chbi

difference; disparity; distinction

chgun

teahouse

chhuhu

tea party

chy

tea leaf; tea

chn

spade; shovel

chnw

outcome; result; product

chnzh

output value; value of output

chndng

vibrate; quiver; shake

chndu

tremble; shiver; shake

chngsh

common sense; general knowledge

chngd

length

chngji

long-lasting; long time; prolonged

chngyun

long-distant; long-term; long-range

chng

intestine; sausage

chngzhng

director of a factory

chngd

space; place; site; ground

chngh

occasion; situation

chngmin

scene; spectacle; occasion;

appearance

cho'

exceed the quota

chopio

bill; note; paper currency

cho

tide; tidewater; upheaval; current

chosh

wet; humid; damp; moist

cho ji

quarrel; wrangle; bicker; squabble

cho

stir-fry; fry; saut; speculate illegally

chling

vehicles; automobiles

chxing

railway carriage; railroad car

ch

tear; pull; drag; chat; chitchat

ch

evacuate; withdraw; remove; dismiss

chnt

dust

chn

sink; heavy

chns

muse; ponder; meditate; contemplate

chnzhng

heavy

chnli

display; exhibit; show

chng

support; prop up; pole; open; unfurl;

endure

chnghu

call; address; name; term of address

chng

one tenth; one out of ten

chngbn

cost

chng qin shng

wn

thousands of; large quantity of

chngtin

all day long; all the time

chngy

idiom; concise and meaningful set

phrase

chngyun

member

chngk

passenger

chng

fill; ladle; hold; contain

chngx

procedure; process; program

chngbo

contract (with); assume full

responsibility

chngdn

undertake; bear

ch k

bear hardships; suffer

ch ku

suffer losses; be in an unfavorable

situation

chl

strenuous; painstaking; tiring;

wearing

chji

enduring; lasting; persistent

ch

pool; pond; moat

ch

late; slow; tardy

chcun

size; dimensions

chzi

ruler; rule

chdo

equator

chngsh

substantial; rich; substantiate; enrich;

fill

chngj

impact; shock; pound; attack;

interfere

chngt

collide; conflict; clash; collision

chng

face; be towards; towards; to;

because of

chu

hatred; enmity

chuhn

hate; hatred; animosity; rancor

chu

ugly; unsightly; bad-looking;

detestable; shameful

chq

beginning period; early days; initial

stage

chzhng

junior middle school; junior high

school

chl

way out; outlet

chmi

betray; sell out; sell

ch mn

go out; leave home for a long journey

ch nnt

raise a tough question; present a

difficult problem

chshn

be born into; origin; family

background

ch sh

have an accident; meet with a

mishap

chxi

prospect; aspiration; promise

ch yngxing

make a laughing stock of oneself

chz

hire out; rent out; let

ch

besides; in addition to; except

chfi

unless; barring; only if

chy

be in (a certain situation, state, or

condition)

chch

everywhere; in all respects

chund

convey; transmit; communicate

chunrn

infect; be contagious

chunshu

pass on (a story); people say; legend;

folk tale

chun

pant; breathe heavily

chun

string together; mix up; bunch; cluster

chungku

window

chunglin

window curtain

chungti

windowsill

chungdn

bed sheet

chungl

found; establish; initiate

chungxn

innovate; innovation; creativity; fresh

idea

chu

droop; hang downward; hand down;

approach

chuzh

be vertical; be perpendicular

chnj

spring season; spring; season of

spring; spring time

chn

pure; unmixed

chnji

pure; unadulterated; purify; cleanse

porcelain; china

chu

vocabulary; words and phrases

ck

this moment; at this moment

cj

stimulate; irritate; provoke; stimulus;

provocation

not good; inferior; second; next

cyo

secondary; less important;

subordinate; minor

chou

wait upon; serve

cngmng

hurried; hasty

cngrng

leisurely; calm; plentiful; sufficient;

enough

cng

clump; tussock; thicket; grove; crowd;

collection

cu

move close to; gather together;

collect; pool

cxn

careless; thoughtless

cxn dy

careless; inadvertent; negligent

csh

urge; impel; push; spur

cun

flee; scurry; change (wording)

cuhu

destroy; smash; wreck; knock out;

devastate

cnzhung

village; hamlet

cnzi

village; hamlet

cu

twist; twine; rub; scrub

cuzh

setback; reverse; defeat; frustration

cuz

wrong character

df

reply; answer

extend; reach; attain; understand;

express

d chng

reach (agreement); conclude

(negotiation)

from; since

d bi

defeat; beat; be defeated

dj

strike; hit; attack; pound; frustrate

d ji

fight; scuffle; fistfight; tussle

d jiodao

come into contact with; have dealings

with

dling

look up and down; check out;

examine with the eye

d p

break; smash

dso

clean; sweep

d zhng

go to war; make war; fight

dzhohu

notify; warn; greet sb.; say hello

dbn

over half; majority; most likely;

probably

dbin

excrement; stool; feces; shit

dd

greatly; enormously

ddo

wide street; thoroughfare; boulevard;

broad way

dd

earth; mother earth; ground

dd

almost all; mostly; for the most part

ddu

group; production brigade; battalion;

regiment

dfng

of good taste; generous; natural and

poised

dg

eldest brother; elder brother

dl

in great force; forcefully; vigorously

dno

cerebrum

dso

sister-in-law; eldest brother's wife;

elder sister

dsh

ambassador

dy

main idea; general idea; gist; main

points

dzh

general; rough; overall

dzhng

masses; general public; common

people

dzrn

nature

dir

string; ribbon; belt; strap

didng

lead; drive

dilng

lead; guide; direct

di tu

be the first; take the lead

di

take the place of; be in place of

dibn

agency; commission; act for another

diji

cost; price; expense

dil

act as an agent; deputize

diy

treatment; compensation; pay; wage;

salary

dib

arrest; apprehend; capture; nab

dnwu

fail or delay sth. because of

unplanned events

dn

carry on a shoulder pole; undertake;

shoulder

dnf

shoulder; take on; undertake

dnchn

simple; pure; uncomplicated

dnd

alone; lone; solitary

dn

gallbladder; courage; nerve; bladder

dnshng

be born; come into being; be founded

dnbizh

protein

dng

should; ought to; must

dngch

in the beginning; at that time;

originally

dngdi

present time; contemporary age;

nowadays

dng ji

manage household matters; keep

house

dng min

face to face; in sb.'s presence

dngzhng

(in the) center; (in the) middle

dngpi

party groupings; factions; cliques;

clans;

dngwi

Party committee

dng'n

files; archives; records; dossiers

do mi

be unlucky; have bad luck

doteng

move around; rummage; buy low and

sell high

doy

islands and islets

dodn

guided missile

dosh

teacher; tutor; supervisor; mentor;

adviser

doyn

director; direct

dozh

lead to; bring about; result in; cause

do wizh

up to ; up till ; until

d bng

get sick; fall ill; contract a disease

d le

a remark made for an all-right

situation

d y

complacent; conceited; pleased with

oneself

dnghu

lights

dnglong

lantern

dng

pedal; step on; press with the foot

dngdo

by the time; when

dnghu

wait; await; expect

dng

stare; glare with displeasure

dngzi

stool; bench

dike; embankment

drip; drop

support; set off; be equal to;

compensate; reach

dkng

resist; stand up to; counteract;

withstand

bottom; base; end; background; draft;

record

dpin

negative

dbn

wooden floor; floor board

db

condition; plight; extent; degree;

ddao

genuine; real; authentic; pure; up to

standard

dl

geography; the natural and social

features of a place

dsh

terrain; topography in terms of

strategic significance

dtn

carpet; rug

dxng

terrain; landform; the shape of land

surface

dzhn

earthquake; seism

dzh

geology

dzh

landlord; landowner; host

dxiong

brothers

dinl

ceremony; celebration; ritual; rite

dinxng

typical case; model; typical;

representative

dinch

battery; electric cell

dinl

electric power

dinlng

electric bell

dinli

electric current; electric current

intensity

dinl

electric stove; hot plate; electric

furnace

dinno

computer

dinq

electric appliance; electric device

dinxin

electric wire; electric cord

diny

voltage; electric potential difference

dinz

electron

dinj

be concerned about; keep thinking

about

din

underlay; pay for sb. and expect to

be paid back later

dindng

establish; found; build up (a

foundation)

diok

carve; engrave; sculpt; work of

carving

diodng

transfer; move; redeploy; mobilize;

arouse; actuate

di

dad; daddy; pa; father

di

fold; pile up

dng

the fourth of the ten Heavenly Stems;

fourth

dng

gaze at; stare at; fix one's eyes on

dng

follow closely; tail behind; urge; press

dngzi

nail

dng

very; most; extremely; highly; greatly

dng

measure word for caps, hats, tents,

etc.

dngq

regular schedule; at regular intervals;

periodical

()

dng hn

engage (to get married); be betrothed

to

dngj

winter season; winter; season of

winter; winter time

dng sh

be intelligent; be sensible; be
understanding

dngj

motive; intention; motivation; inner

drive

dngjng

sound and movement; activity;

happening

dngl

motivity; driving force; motive power;

impetus

dngyo

waver; vacillate; shake

du

tremble; quiver; shake; jerk; expose;

rouse

du

steep; precipitous

du

fight; contest with; make animals

fight; denounce

dujing

soya-bean milk

duzi

bean; pea; pulse; legume

poisonous; toxic; malicious; cruel;

poison

poison; toxin; narcotics

dt

unique; distinctive; original

dz

alone; by oneself

dw

reading material; books, magazines,

etc.

dun

extremity; end; beginning; reason;

cause

dunzhng

upright; regular; balanced; correct;

rectify

du

pile; stack; heap; crowd

duj

pile up; heap up; accumulate

duhun

exchange; convert (currencies)

duyun

team member

du lishu

as far as be concerned; to
(someone)

dudeq

not let down; treat sb. fairly; be

worthy of

dule

by the way; oh yes

dul

oppose; counter; go against

dumn

opposite building or room

dnsh

immediately; at once; suddenly

dusuo

shiver; tremble; quiver

dubn

most likely; probably

duku

be lucky to; it is fortunate that; thanks

to; luckily

du lo du d

more pay for more work

duy

unnecessary; needless; uncalled for;

surplus

duq

seize; capture; wrest; strive for

()

Russian language

xin

feel like vomiting; feel sick; be

disgusted

bad; evil; criminal; wicked; vicious;

ruthless

hu

worsen; deteriorate; exacerbate

li

very bad; vile; abominable; odious;

disgusting

rn

sons and daughters; children

f din

generate electricity

fju

become aware; sense; realize;

discover; detect

fsh

launch; discharge; shoot; fire;

transmit

fxng

distribute; publish; issue; release

fy

develop; grow (especially in puberty)

punish; penalize; discipline

flng

laws and decrees; collection of

statutes

fyun

court; court of law; court of justice;

tribunal

fzh

legal system; legal institutions

fzi

way; method; solution

fn

time; kind; sort; measure word for

abstract things

fn shn

roll over; turn over (in bed);

emancipate oneself

fnzh

propagate; breed; reproduce

fnsh

every; any; all; without exception

fn

vexed; annoyed; trouble; be tired of;

be fed up

fn

opposite; rebellious; oppose; return;

reverse; rebel

fn

on the contrary; instead

fn'r

on the contrary; instead

fnj

counter-attack; fight back; strike

back; beat back

fnwn

raise a rhetorical question; ask (a

question) in reply

fn

return; come or go back

fnrn

prisoner; convict; (convicted) criminal

fn zu

commit a crime

fngun

restaurant; eatery; luncheonette

fnln

flood; overflow; spread unchecked

fng

square; direction; side; party; place

fngw

houses and rooms; buildings

fngshu

defend and keep; guard

fngy

defend and resist; guard

fngzh

prevent and treat (diseases)

fng'i

hinder; hamper; obstruct; impede;

make difficult

fng

spin; make thread by drawing out and

twisting

fng shu

let go; relinquish; give a free hand, go

all out

fngsng

loosen; relax; slacken; become less

attentive

fng xu

classes are over; students leave

school after classes

fngyng

show (a film); present images

through projection

fi

not; must; have to; simply; it is

imperative that

fi

wrong; mistaken; erroneous; non-

fikui

swiftly; very fast; rapid; extremely

sharp

fixng

fly (a plane, a spacecraft, etc.); travel

by air

fiyu

leap; bound; jump; fast and great

progress

filio

fertilizer; manure

fizo

soap

fi

useless; disused; waste; abandon;

abolish; ruin

fich

abolish; annul; abrogate; disestablish

fihu

nonsense; superfluous words; foolish

discourse

fix

ruins; remains of a place destroyed

fitng

boil; reach ebullition; seethe with

excitement

fi l

be strenuous; use or need to use a

lot of effort

fnb

be distributed; be scattered; be
dispersed

fng

separate; cut apart; carve up; divide

up

fn gng

division of labor; divide up the work

fnji

decompose; resolve; break down;

recount

fnl

dissociate; separate; sever; part;

leave

fnli

split; break up; divide; separate

fnm

secrete

fnmng

clear; distinct; obvious; plain

fnsn

distract; divert; decentralize;

disperse; distribute

fnsh

score; mark; grade; point; fractional

number

fnz

molecule; numerator

fn

tomb; grave

fn

powder; face powder; vermicelli

made from starch

fnsu

break into pieces; grind; smash;

shatter; crush

fnling

weight

fnz

member; element

fn

excrement; feces; shit; droppings;

dung

fngchn

yield abundantly; produce plentifully

fngshu

reap a bumper harvest; have a good

harvest

fng

seal; cap; close down; blockade

fngsu

blockade; seal off; cut off from the

outside world

fngg

style; character; integrity

fngq

social atmosphere; common practice;

ethos

fng

crazy; mad; insane; deranged

fngkung

crazy; maniac; mad; wild; frenzied;

unbridled

fng

sew; stitch

fngc

satirize; ridicule; mock

fjio

Buddhism

fq

husband and wife; couple

take (medicine); obey; be convinced;

convince

bow one's head; bend over, forward,

or down

fsh

erode; corrode; corrupt; pervert

fxi

rotten; decayed; moldering;

degenerate; decadent

fhuji

Easter

fzh

reproduce; copy; duplicate

shoulder; bear; rely on; suffer; betray;

lose; owe

fdn

shoulder; bear; carry; burden; load;

weight

fyu

wealthy; rich; affluent; be rich in; be

full of

fy

prosperous; well-to-do; well-off; rich

frn

woman; married woman

gibin

adapt; transcribe; revise; reorganize;

recompose

giling

improve; better; reform; amend;

gizi

lid; cover; cap; top; shell

gnhn

arid; droughty; dry

gnro

interfere; disturb; obstruct;

interference; disturbance

gnsh

interfere; intervene; intermeddle

gn

sweet; pleasant

gnmng

hurriedly; hastily

gn shng

catch up with; be in time for

gnshu

be affected by; taste; feel;

experience; feeling

gny

have the courage to; dare to; be bold

in

gnjn

vigor; drive; enthusiasm; energy

gng

jar; vat; big container made of

pottery, porcelain, etc.

gnglng

guiding principle; program; platform

gngwi

post; station

gngb

Hong Kong dollar; currency of Hong

Kong

gngku

port; harbor

gocho

high tide; upsurge; climax

godng

higher; advanced

gofng

peak; pinnacle; acme; apex; zenith

goj

higher-grade; high-quality; advanced;

high-ranking

goliang

Chinese sorghum

goshng

noble; lofty; sublime

gos

high-speed; express; rapid

goy

high-pressure; high-voltage;
oppressive

gozhng

senior high school

go

draft; sketch; manuscript; original

text; article

goc

say good-bye; bid farewell; take

leave

gchng

sing; praise through singing

gj

(Western-style) opera

gq

song

gsng

sing the high praises of; extol;

eulogize

gzi

pigeon; dove

gxn

innovate; improve; innovation

gwi

especially; particularly; all the more

gh

estrangement; misunderstanding;
gulf; barrier

gr

height; stature; size; physical

dimensions

gth

self-employed worker

gxng

personality; individuality; character

g sh g yng

of all styles and types; all kinds of

gz

each; respective

giy

give (sth.); grant (sth.)

gnyun

origin; root; source

gngd

arable land; cultivated land

gngd

construction site; building site

gnglng

years of employment; seniority

gngqian

pay; charge for a service; money paid

for odd jobs

gngx

working procedure; process

gng

attack; take the offensive; accuse;

diligently study

gngj

accuse; vilify; assume the offensive;

attack; onset

gngk

capture; take; seize; overcome

gngk

school work; homework; assignment

gnglo

credit; contribution; outstanding

service

gngnng

function; functionality; feature

gngyng

supply; provide; accommodate

gng

public; common; fair; public affairs;

official business

gng'n

public security

gngb

make public; promulgate; announce;

publicize

gngmn

citizen

gngqng

hectare

gngsh

formula; any established or

conventional method

gngyng

for public use; public; communal;

shared

gng

imperial palace; place for cultural

activities; uterus

gngdin

imperial palace

gng

bow; bend; arch

gnghgu

republic

gngqngtun

Communist Youth League

gu

hook; crochet

guzi

hook; hook-like object; tick; check

mark

guji

collude; collaborate; gang up

gu

ditch; channel; trench; rut; waterway;

gully; ravine

gu

buy; purchase

gumi

buy; purchase

gf

let down; fail to live up to; be

unworthy of; disappoint

gl

isolated; isolate

gdng

fan; flap; arouse; agitate; incite; stir

up

gdin

classical

ggn

backbone; mainstay; key member

gzi

millet

strand; stream; burst; section; share;

group;

employ; hire; rent

gwn

consultant; adviser

gdng

fixed; regular; predetermined; fix;

fasten; regularize

grn

it is true; admittedly; no doubt;

indeed; certainly

gt

solid; solid body

gu

melon; gourd

guzi

melon seed

gufu

widow

gui

obedient; well-behaved; good; clever;

shrewd; lovely

gui wnr

turn a corner; make a turn; change

direction

gui

blame; complain; accuse; impute

gui

quite; rather; very

gui bu de

no wonder; so that's why; put no

blame on

gun

col; pass; juncture; barrier; difficulty;

critical part

gunhui

care for; show solicitude for; be

concerned about

guntu

juncture; key moment; critical point

gunliozhy

bureaucracy

gunc

observe and survey; observe; watch

gunkn

watch; see; view; observe; spectate

gunnin

concept; idea; thought; sense;

ideology

gunz

pipeline; piping; conduit; tubing

gundo

tube; pipe; hose

gun

pot; jar; pitcher; jug

gun

used to; conditioned to; habitual;

indulge; spoil

gun

fill; pour; irrigate; record

gungi

irrigate

gung

bare; be naked; wear nothing; glorify;

bring honor to

gungci

luster; splendor; brilliance; gloss;

honorable; glorious

gunghu

smooth; sleek; glossy; slippery

gungln

visit as an honorable guest

gung

wide; broad; vast; extensive;

numerous

guhu

plan; program; layout; project;

blueprint

guju

rule; manner; custom; decent;

conforming to norms

guz

rule; law; regulation; regular; orderly

gu

return; come or go back; give back;

belong to

gudo

track; rail; orbit; trajectory

guti

counter; bar

guzi

cupboard; cabinet; closet; dresser;

chest

gu bn

honored guest; distinguished guest

gnzi

stick; rod; wand

gul

boiler

gufng

national defense

guj

nationality; citizenship; national

identity

guq

national flag

guqngji

National Day

guwyun

State Council (in China); State

Department (in the US)

guyng

state-run; state-owned; stateoperated

gush

fruit; fruits; gains

gush

fruit tree

gu

wrap; bind; mix and carry

gu

exceedingly; unduly; excessively

gud

change from one state or stage to

another

gufn

excessive; undue; extravagant

hi

an interjection to express sadness,

regret, or surprise

hib

elevation; altitude; height above sea

level

hijn

navy; naval force

himin

sea surface

hixi

strait; channel

hichng

injurious insect; vermin; pest

hnhu

ambiguous; vague; unsure; careless;

perfunctory

hnling

content; quantity of an ingredient in a

substance

hnjio

shout; cry out; scream

hn

dry; droughty; not related to water

hn

solder; weld

hng

line; row; trade; profession; trading

company

hngli

procession; rows and columns; ranks

and files

hngy

trade; business; industry

hngxng

sail; fly; travel by boat, plane, or

spacecraft

hom

millimeter

ho

so that

hob

be just like; may be compared to; can

be likened to

ho

cost; consume; use

hoq

curious; inquisitive

oh; ah (to express surprise)

nucleus; atomic nucleus; pit; stone

hb

why is it necessary to; there is no

need to

hkung

let alone (used in rhetorical

questions)

hchng

sing in chorus; chorus

hchng

synthesize; compound; join to form

hf

legal; lawful; legitimate; rightful

hg

qualified; up to standard; up to grade

hjn

alloy

hsun

worthwhile; be worth the cost; pay

hli

rivers (in general)

hiy

night; dark night

hnj

trail; mark; trace; vestige

hn

ruthless; cruel; savage

hn bu de

hate that one cannot; really want to

hng

traverse; place sth. horizontally;

crosswise; horizontal

hngwi

grand; grandiose; magnificent

hngshu

flood; floodwater

hulng

throat; pharynx and larynx

hu

roar; howl; shout; yell; generate loud

sound

hudi

offspring; descendant; posterity; later

generation

hufng

rear; rearward

hugu

consequence; aftermath; (negative)

outcome

hutou

at the back; in the rear; behind; later

hutu

back up; draw back; fall back; retreat

hh

onomatopoetic word for strong wind

or heavy panting

hsh

ignore; overlook; neglect; disregard

hshu

talk nonsense; drivel

htng

alley; lane

hdi

butterfly

protect; guard; shield; be partial to

hzh

help each other; provide mutual help

hudu

flower

hushng

peanut

huhu

onomatopoetic word for noisy running

water

huqio

overseas Chinese

hurn

Chinese; Foreign citizen of Chinese

descent

hu xu

ski

huji

painter; artist

hu sh tin z

ruin by adding superfluous

hugng

chemical industry

huh

combine; compound; synthesize

hush

fossil

huyn

chemically examine; conduct a lab

test; assay

huj

modern drama; stage play

hui

keep in mind; think of; be pregnant;

bosom; mind

huinin

cherish the memory of; think of; miss

huiy

suspect; doubt; be skeptical about

huidn

villain; bad person; bad egg

hunh

hail; cheer; acclaim

hunl

happy; joyous; gay; delighted;

cheerful

hunx

happy; joyous; gay; delighted;

cheerful

hunh

assuage; ease up; mitigated; relaxed

hunhun

slowly

hunmn

slow; sluggish; tardy

hun

get (a disease); contract; suffer from

hundng

slide; slide presentation; slide

projector

hunxing

fantasize; dream; fancy; fantasy;

illusion

hun

call out; summon

hung

waste; desolate; barren;

unreasonable

hungmng

hurried; hasty; rash; flustered and

busy

hunghn

twilight; dusk; sundown; sunset

hungs

yellow color

hung

wigwag; sway; rock; shake

hu

ash; dust; lime; grey color

huchn

dust; dirt

hu xn

lose heart; be disheartened; be

discouraged

huhung

splendid; brilliant; glorious

huxing

recall; recollect; think back; reminisce

hu

destroy; ruin; damage; demolish

hu

converge; transfer funds through a

post office or bank

hubo

give an account of, report

hu kun

transfer funds through a post office or

bank; remittance

hn

lose consciousness; muddle;

muddled; dark; dim

hnshn

from head to toe; everywhere in

one's body

hnh

mix; blend; mingle

hnlun

disorderly; chaotic; unorganized;

promiscuous

hnnngt

concrete; cement

hnxio

confound; confuse; mix up

hu

lifelike; living; alive; vivid; lively;

movable; flexible

hugi

deserve (sth. undesirable); serve one

right

hu

group; gang; crowd; band

hubn

fellow; partner; mate; pal; friend

hujin

rocket

hul

firepower; thermal power; one's

ability to stand cold

huyn

flame; tongue of fire; blaze

huyo

gunpowder; powder

hu

seize; catch; get; gain; acquire;

harvest; reap

hu du hu sho

more or less

hub

money; currency

huw

cargo; freight; goods; commodity;

merchandise

jcng

grassroots level; bottom level in an

organization

jd

base

machine; aircraft; crucial point;

opportunity; intention

jdng

engine-driven; power-driven;
motorized

jgu

mechanism; setup; organ;

government organization

jru

muscle

j'

hungry; starving

js

hormone

jdun

utter; extreme; extremity

jtun

group; clique; circle; bloc

jzo

impatient; impetuous; irritable;

irascible

jbng

illness; sickness; disease

jjing

soon; right away; in a second

jsh

even; even if; even though; though;

although

jbi

rank; level; grade; class

jy

give; render; offer; present

jnng

skill; technical ability

jqio

technique; artifice; knack; acrobatic

gymnastics

season

jm

lonely; lonesome; quiet; still; silent

measuring device; idea; plan;

consider; count

jsunj

computer

jzi

record; put down in writing; chronicle

jchng

inherit; succeed; carry on; carry

forward

jizi

clamp; clip; tongs; folder; wallet

ji

excellent; good; fine; beautiful

jihuo

guy; fellow; animal; thing; tool;

weapon; utensil

jish

family member; (family) dependent

jijn

press on with; step up; speed up;

intensify

jir

join; enter; accede to; affiliate; add;

mix; put in

jis

speed up; quicken; expedite;

accelerate

ji yu

oil; lubricate; refuel; add more gas;

try harder; cheer

ji

the first of the ten Heavenly Stems;

first

jir

if; supposing; in case; in the event

that

jiru

if; supposing; in case; in the event

that

jish

if; supposing; in case; in the event

that

ji

price; value; valence

jiqian

price

ji

put up; erect; support; prop; help;

fend off; kidnap

jizi

shelf; frame; stand; rack; skeleton;

outline; haughtiness

jish

drive; pilot; steer; astrogate; navigate

ji

holiday; vacation; leave of absence;

furlough

jiq

holiday; vacation; period of leave

ji

take as a husband; (of a woman)

marry (a man); shift

jinmi

wipe out; destroy; annihilate

jind

supervise; superintend

jinsh

keep watch on; keep a lookout over;

oversee

jiny

prison; jail

jing

solid; firm; sturdy; strong;

impregnable

jinyng

hard; stony; solid

jinzi

best of its kind; cream of the crop; top

class talent

jin

fry in shallow oil without stirring

jin

hold (two or more jobs, positions)

concurrently

jinnn

hard; difficult; arduous

jinto

make a self-criticism; self-criticism

jinyn

check; test; examine; inspect

jin

alkali; soda

jinbin

simple and convenient; easy

jinzh

simply; utterly; totally; at all; virtually

jindng

authenticate; appraise; identify;

determine

jin

cheap; inexpensive; lowly; humble;

despicable; base

jinji

view; opinion; understanding; idea;

perspective

jinqun

healthy and complete; sound; perfect

jin

gradually; little by little; by degrees

jin

spatter; splash

jinzo

build; construct; make; manufacture

jing

stiff; rigid; inflexible; numb;

deadlocked

jingjn

general; high-ranking military officer

jingjn

monetary award; prize; bonus;

premium

jingl

encourage with some incentive;

reward; award

jingjiu

be particular about; exquisite;

tasteful; elegant

jing k

teach; lecture; prelect

jingy

teaching materials; lecture sheets

jing

jam; spread made of nuts or fruit;

thick sauce

jioj

anxious; worried; agitated; impatient

jiojun

film; roll of camera film

jiodi

tell; exhort; explain; make clear;

confess; hand over

jiotn

talk; chat; converse;

jioy

transaction; deal; trade; business

jio

water; irrigate; pour; sprinkle; cast

jio

mix; stir; disturb; mess up

jiob

footstep; footfall; step; pace; way of

walking

jiohu

sly; cunning; tricky; foxy; crafty

jiod

angle; perspective; point of view

jiolu

corner; nook; remote place

jiodo

teach; indoctrinate

jiolin

coach; instructor; drill master

jiotng

church; cathedral; temple; synagogue

jioynsh

teaching and research section;

teaching staff office

jio

sleep

ji

peel off; tear off; uncover; lift; expose;

disclose; raise

jil

uncover; disclose; unmask; expose;

unveil; lay bare

jilin

one after another; in succession; in a

row

jicng

social stratum

ji

bear (fruit or seed); produce

ji

cut; sever; block; stop; intercept; hold

up

ji

save; economize; refrain; abstain;

abridge

jil

as best one can; with all one's power

and energy

jibi

pure white; spotlessly white

ji

congeal; form; end; knit; weave; tie;

knot

jigu

result; outcome; ending

jifngjn

liberation army; Chinese People's

Liberation Army

jipu

dissect; analyze; criticize

jixin

boundary line; demarcation line;

dividing line

jiku

excuse; pretext; alibi; pretense

jny

goldfish

jnr

today; this day; present; now

jnj

urgent; pressing; exigent

jnm

close and dense; close; inseparable

jnqio

sought-after; in shortage due to great

demand

jnshn

cautious; prudent; circumspect;

careful; mindful

jnjn

march; advance

jndi

modern times

jn

soak; steep; immerse; seep

jn l

try one's best; do all one can

jng

be frightened; start; startle; alarm;

stampede; shy

jngdng

alarm; alert; disturb; interrupt

jngq

amazed; astonished; surprised;

shocking strange

jngrn

astonishing; amazing; alarming;

shocking

jngy

surprised; astonished; astounded;

amazed

jngy

surprised; astonished; astounded;

amazed

jng

perfect; excellent; refined; selected;

smart; intensive

jngshn

vigorous; spirited; lively; spunky;

smart

jngx

fine; meticulous; careful; precise and

detailed

jngzh

fine; exquisite; delicate; refined

jngy

whale

jngfi

money for regular expenses; funds;

expenses; outlay

jngyng

manage; run; operate; plan and

organize

jnggo

warn; admonish; caution; warning

jngt

be alert; be vigilant; be on guard

against; watch out for

jngs

scenery; view; prospect; landscape

jngw

objects and background seen in a

view; environment

jngxing

scene; sight; picture

jng

border; boundary; place; territory;

condition; situation

jng ji

propose a toast

jng

unexpectedly; to one's surprise; go

so far as to

jngrn

unexpectedly; to one's surprise; go

so far as to

jngzhng

compete; rival; competition; rivalry

jng

clean; net

jng

only; nothing but; all; all the time

hold tight; seize; haul

jidin

hotel; inn; wine shop; liquor store

jiji

mother's brother; maternal uncle

jimu

wife of mother's brother; maternal

uncle's wife

ji

with regard to; come near

jish y

even if still ; even though yet

ji sh shu

that is to say; in other words, that

means

jmn

resident; inhabitant

jrn

unexpectedly; to one's surprise; go

so far as to

jzh

live; reside; dwell

bureau; office; administration; shop;

part; portion

jb

part; portion

jmin

situation

jbn

hold; conduct; run; have

gather; get together; assemble;

congregate

jj

gather; get together; congregate;

convene; collect

j jng hu shn

with complete concentration; with

rapt attention

occupy; hold; rely on; depend on;

according to

from

theatrical work; drama; play; opera

jli

acute; violent; severe

jyun

theater; playhouse; troupe

jun

roll; reel; spool

ju

be conscious; think; feel; sense;

wake; awake

ju ku

(of a dike; dam, etc.) be breached

juy

resolution; formal statement passed

by an assembly

ju

unique; superb; desperate; hopeless;

exhausted

jn

equal; even

jnyn

even; uniform; well-distributed;

regularly-paced

jnbi

armament; arms; military

organization and armament

jngun

military officer; army officer

jnjin

warship; naval vessel

jnrn

soldier; serviceman

kibn

set up and run; open; start; operate

kich

dismiss; discharge; expel

kidng

start; set in motion; move; march

kif

develop; exploit

ki fn

it's meal time; start to serve meals;

start to eat (meal)

ki ku

open one's mouth; start to talk; make

a cutting edge

ki m

raise the curtain; open; start;

inaugurate

kish

set up; open up; provide; offer

kishu

boiled water; boiling water

ki ych

work overtime or study at night; burn

the midnight oil

knw

publication; periodical; journal;

magazine

kn

guard; keep under surveillance; look

after; tend

kngy

express objection; remonstrate;

protest; objection

koch

inspect; investigate; observe and

study; research

koyn

test and prove; test; try; trial

kojn

get close to; draw near; approach

kj

science and technology

kp

popular science; science

popularization

shell; hull; carapace; shuck

k bu sh

exactly; right; cannot agree more; tell

me about it

kjin

it is thus obvious that; we can see

that; it shows that

kqio

it happened that; by a happy

coincidence

kx

regrettable; it's a pity that; it's too bad

that

kxio

laughable; ridiculous; absurd; funny

kxng

be practicable; be feasible; be viable

kwng

long for; yearn for; thirst for; hanker

for

guest; visitor; passenger; customer;

client

kgun

objectivity; objective

ktng

living room; drawing room; parlor

ktng

class; classroom; schoolroom

kng

pit; hole; hollow; entrap; cheat; bury

alive

kngjn

air force

kngb

fearful; horrifying; horrible; terrifying;

terrible

kng

vacate; leave empty or blank; vacant;

unoccupied

kuq

manner of speaking; tone;

connotation; implication

kush

oral test; oral examination

kutu

oral; spoken; verbal

withered; shriveled; faded; wilted;

dried-up

klong

hollow; hole; cavity; loophole; flaw

ku

praise; laud; commend; overstate;

exaggerate; boast

ku

collapse; fall; break down

kuicn

fast food; quick meal; snack

kuihuo

cheerful; happy; merry

kunku

wide; broad

kundi

entertain cordially; treat cordially

kung

basket

kung

overbearing; mad; wild; violent;

unconstrained

kungfng

fierce wind; gale; force 10 gale

kungsh

ore; galena; iron pyrites

kungqi

in addition; moreover; besides

knchng

insect; hexapod

ku

wide; broad; vast; rich; wealthy;

extravagant

lba

trumpet; horn; suona horn;

loudspeaker; speaker

lzh

candle

spicy; hot; peppery; pungent; vicious;

ruthless

ljio

hot pepper; chili; chili pepper

libn

visitor; guest

lik

back and forth; to and fro; round trip

lihu

visitor; guest

liwng

come and go; associate; association

liyun

source; origin

lnzi

basket

lngsng

read aloud with expression; recite;

declaim

lo

firm; fast; durable; secure

log

solid; strong; firm; secure

loso

whine; complaint; grumble; grievance

lonin

old age; agedness

lopo

wife

lorenjia

elderly; old person; old parent

loxing

fellow-townsman; fellow-villager;
farmer buddy

lolao

maternal grandmother; grandma

joy; laugh; love to; be happy to; enjoy

lis

similar; analogous

lixng

type; category

lngjng

quiet; calm; sober; cool

lngqu

cool; make cool; lower temperature

lngyn

cold drink

lng

be startled out of one's wit; rash;

brash; imprudent

lmng

dawn; daybreak

put in order; tide up; manage; run;

pay attention to

reason; truth; logic

ltou

inside; interior; within

gift; present; propriety; courtesy;

etiquette; manners

lbi

religious service; week; Sunday

lnin

over the past years

benefit; profit; interest

lrn

profit

lqi

make every effort to; strive to; try

one's best to

lzhng

do one's best to; strive for; contend

vigorously

linlu

contact; communicate with; make

liaison with

linmng

alliance; coalition; league; union

linji

connect; join; link

lins

complexion; look; facial expression

lin

refine; smelt; burn; try to find the best

(word)

lingshu

cold water; un-boiled water

lingpng

both sides; either side

ling

quantity; amount; volume; capacity

lingji

renounce anger or resentment

through understanding

lio

suppose; expect; manage; material;

(grain) feed

lich

train

li

split; crack; break up

lish

martyr; person of heroic ambitions

lirn

hunter; huntsman

ln

sprinkle; shower; drench; pour; spray;

drizzle

lngjin

part; component

lnghn

soul; spirit; conscience; guiding and

decisive factor

lnghu

understand; comprehend; grasp

lngt

territory

lngy

field; sphere; domain; realm; area

lng

make; cause; order; command

li

slide; glide; slip away; sneak off

li xu

study abroad

lichun

spread; circulate; hand down; pass

down

lidng

flow; run; circulate; move

limng

hooligan; hoodlum; ruffian; gangster;

thug

lishu

running water; turnover (of a shop)

lixng

prevail; be in vogue; popular;

fashionable; prevalent

liy

river valley; river basin; drainage area

lish

willow

lngzi

cage; coop

lng

approach; sum up; bring together;

close; comb (hair)

lngdun

monopolize

lngzho

envelop; shroud

ludo

corridor; passageway within a storied

building

lufng

storied building

lu

hug; embrace; hold in one's arms

lu min

show one's face; make an

appearance; show up

lou

modal particle to suggest the

completion of an action

lzi

stove; oven; furnace

lgu

pass by (a place); pass through (a

place)

lku

entrance to a road; crossing;

intersection; crossroads

uncover; expose; reveal; show

ld

land; dry land

ljn

ground force; land force; army

donkey; ass

aluminum

lyu

travel for pleasure; tour

lun

ovum; egg; spawn

ludu

plunder; rob; pillage

lnku

outline; contour; profile; silhouette;

general situation

lnli

take turns; do sth. in turn; rotate;

alternate

lnzi

wheel

ln

discuss; explain; mention; decide on;

theory; opinion

luji

logic; order of thinking; objective law

lu

gong

lutuo

camel

mkszhy

Marxism

mn

hide the truth from; keep sb. in the

dark about sth.

mnqing

full bosom (of emotion)

mnchng

very long; endless

mngm

blind; lack of knowledge,

understanding, and so on

mob

Chinese writing and painting brush

moxin

knitting wool; woolen yarn

mozdngsxing

Mao Zedong Thought

motiji

maotai (liquor)

mihu

plum flower

mi shu de

flawless; really good; it goes without

saying; no doubt

mimao

eyebrow; brow

mitu

eyebrows; the area where one's

brows are

migun

pleasing to the eye; artistic; (of

things) beautiful

mn

stuffy; cover tightly; keep silent; shut

oneself in

mnzhn

outpatient service

mn

bored; depressed; in low spirits;

muffled

mng

cover; blindfold; suffer

mng

brave; violent; fierce; energetic;

vigorous

mngli

fierce; violent; vigorous

mngrn

suddenly; abruptly

mngxing

dream of; hope vainly; dream; wishful

thinking

narrow (one's eyes)

charm; fascinate; be crazy about; be

lost

mhu

confused; dazed; muddle-headed;

unconscious

mxn

have blind faith in; be superstitious;

superstition

my

conundrum; riddle

msh

secretary

honey

minde

so as not to; so as to avoid

minqing

barely enough; reluctant; force sb. to

do sth.; manage

mindu

face; confront; meet

minfn

flour; wheat flour

minkng

face; look; facial expression

minln

be faced with; be confronted with; be

up against

mio

seedling; offspring; (some) baby

animals; vaccine

miwng

be destroyed; perish; become extinct;

die out

mnbng

militia; militiaman; militia-woman

mnjin

among the people

mnyng

civil; for civil use

mnji

quick; nimble; agile

mngbai

clear; plain; explicit; sensible;

understand; see; know

mngmng

obviously; plainly; undoubtedly

mngxnpin

postcard

mng

chime; ring; sound; air; express;

chirp; cry; sing

mng

life; life-span; fate; destiny; order;

command; assign

mfn

exemplary thing or person; fine

example; exemplary

mhu

blurred; indistinct; dim; vague;

unclear

mxng

model; mold; matrix; pattern; die

mtuch

motorcycle; motorbike; motor bicycle

apply; put on; smear; plaster; wipe;

cross out; erase

end; tip; unimportant part; last stage;

powder; dust

Chinese ink; ink stick; ink;

handwriting or painting

mshng

strange; unfamiliar

muxi

some; certain

act; curtain; veil; screen

tomb; grave; mausoleum

mci

wood; timber; lumber

mgung

sight; view; vision; gaze; look

mchng

ranch; livestock farm; pastureland;

grazing land

mmn

herdsman; herder

n lishu

take for example

ni

milk; breast

ni

stand; be able to bear or endure

nifn

patient; composed

nnz

man; male

nnd

difficult to get; hard to come by; rare;

seldom

nngui

it's difficult to blame; it's hardly a

surprise; no wonder

nnt

difficult problem; tough question; hot

potato

nny

difficult to; hard to

nojn

brains; mind; thinking capacities;

ideas; concepts

naol

mental power; thinking ability;

intelligence

no xiohu

make a fool of oneself; make a silly

mistake

nozhe wnr

frolic; be just kidding; tease; act in a

frivolous manner

nik

internal medicine; department of

internal medicine

nn

tender; delicate; rare; underdone;

light; pale; callow

nng

capable; able

nng

energy; gift; ability; faculty

nng g shn w

be good at both singing and dancing

nngling

energy; ability; capacity; capability

nt

mud; earth; dirt; soil

ninsh

read; study (lessons); attend a school

or university

ning

ma; mom; mother; woman

ni

hold using a thumb and other fingers;

knead; mould

nng

screw; twist; disagree; discord

nngk

would rather

nizhun

turn round; turn back; reverse;

remedy; rectify

nngchng

farm

nngj

farm tools; farm implements

nngmo shchng

market of farm produce

nngtin

farmland; cultivated land; cropland;

field

nngyo

agricultural chemicals; farming

chemicals; pesticide

nngzuw

crops; cultivated plants

nl

slave

angry; raging; forceful; vigorous;

dynamic; vehement

nz

woman; female

oh (I have just noticed; I have just

realized)

oh (that's why; now I understand)

ou'r

once in a while; occasionally;

sometimes

urn

accidental; fortuitous; unexpected

lie on one's stomach; grovel; bend

over; lean on

pish

shoot (a photograph, movie, video

clip, etc.); film

pizi

bat; racket; swatter; beat; time;

rhythm

pich

ostracize; repulse; repel; exclude;

reject

pili

arrange; put in order; align; line up

pizi

billboard; plate; sign; brand;

trademark; c title

pn

climb; grab; seek connection in high

places; implicate

pndng

climb; clamber; scale

pn

coil; twist; wind; examine; look into;

move; transfer

pn

yearn for; hope for; expect; look

pn

side; border of a river, lake, road,

field, etc.

po

throw; toss; leave behind; desert;

expose; show; dump

podn

(artillery) shell

po

soak; steep; infuse; hang out; bubble;

blister

piyng

train; groom; foster; develop; cultivate

piy

cultivate; nurture; breed; foster

pichng

compensate; pay for sb. else's

damage or loss

pitng

accompany; sb. who accompanies;

company

pi

make a couple; find sth. to fit; mix;

blend; be worthy of

pif

admire; have a high opinion of

pnd

basin; area surrounded by land of

higher elevation

pngb

vigorous; flourishing; burgeoning

png

cote; shed; shack; makeshift shelter;

ceiling

pngzhng

expand; extend in length; swell in

size; inflate

png dngzi

be rebuffed; hit a snag; encounter

hostility

criticize; write comments on

documents submitted

pjun

tired and sleepy; weary; fatigued

pgu

buttocks; bottom; rear; rump;

hindquarters; end; butt

pr

for example; for instance; such as

pin

inclined to one side; off-center; offtarget; off-standard

pinpin

against sb.'s wish; contrary to

expectations; only; just

pioyng

wave in the wind; flutter in the wind;

fly

pn

piece together; join together; achieve

sth. at all costs

pnk

poor and bitter; destitute; lacking

living materials

pnqing

poor; impoverished; lacking a means

of production

pnd

moral character

pnzh

character; quality (of a person,

product, etc.)

pngfn

common; commonplace; ordinary;

trivial

pnghng

balanced; balance; equilibrium

pngxng

parallel; simultaneous; concurrent; at

the same level

png

rely on; depend on; lean on; with

png

comment; criticize; review; assess;

judge; evaluate

pngji

evaluate; assess; appraise;

evaluation; assessment

pngln

comment; remark; review;

commentary

splash; spill; sprinkle; throw a fluid in

flying masses

p chn

go bankrupt; go broke; come to

nothing; fall through

pln

broken and rotten; ragged; worn-out;

tattered

phi

persecute; treat sb. with cruelty;

oppress cruelly

pto

grape

pj

popularize; make sth. a

commonplace; prevalent

ptnghu

common speech (of the Chinese

language)

qfu

bully; intimidate; bluster; coerce;

tease;

paint; lacquer

it; they; she; he; its; their; her; his;

that; such

qsh

in fact; actually; as a matter of fact

chess; board game; chessman;

(chess) piece

qj

miracle; marvel; wonder

qpo

close-fitting lady's dress originating

from the Manchu

qzh

flag; banner; streamer; role model;

leading idea

qch

at first; in the beginning; originally

qfi

(of aircraft, rocket, economy,

business, etc.) take off

qy

revolt; uprise; rebel; insurrection;

uprising; rebellion

qyun

origin; genesis; originate; stem; start

qci

equipment and material

qgun

organ; apparatus

gas; air; breath; weather; smell;

spirits; manner; insult

qfn

atmosphere; ambience

qfn

angry and resentful; indignant;

furious

qgi

mettle; (heroic, masculine, etc.) spirit;

lofty quality

qt

gas; substance in the gaseous state

qwi

smell; odor; favor; taste; reek; smack

qy

air pressure; atmospheric pressure

qchun

steamship; steamboat; motorboat

qidng

suitable; proper; appropriate

qiho

happen to

qiqi

just; exactly; precisely

qin

(of metal) lead; graphitic substance in

pencils

qin fng bi j

by every possible means; by hook or

crook

qink

kilogram

qinx

modest; self-effacing; make modest

remarks

qinfng

front; in front; ahead; at the head;

forward

qinhu

in front of and behind; around; about;

altogether

qintou

in front; ahead; forward; above;

proceeding; forepart

qiny

regret; apology; apologetic feeling

qingb

wall

qingp

force; compel; coerce

qio

raise; hold up; curl up

qish

realistic; practical; based on reality; in

real earnest

qnfn

intrude upon; encroach on; violate;

invade

qnr

invade; make incursions into; enter

by force

qn

close; intimate; dear; related by blood

qnr

intimate; warm; affectionate; loving

qnrn

family member; relative; someone

dear

qnyn

(see) with one's own eyes; (witness)

personally

qn

general name for certain musical

instruments

qnlo

hardworking; diligent; industrious;

assiduous

qngci

green vegetables; plant similar to

Chinese cabbage

qngchn

youth; youthfulness; youthful age

qngw

frog

qngsh

look down upon; despise; belittle;

underestimate

qngy

lightly and easily; lightly; easily

qngxing

lean towards; be inclined to;

tendency; inclination

qngchn

early morning

qngch

clear away; eliminate; get rid of;

purge; remove

qngji

clean; unpolluted

qngx

clear; distinct

qngxng

clear-headed; sober; regain

consciousness; come to

qngtin

sunny day; fine day

qng

feeling; emotion; love; passion; lust;

condition; reason

qngbo

intelligence; information; tip-off

qngjio

consult; ask for advice; seek advice

qngsh

ask for instructions

qingrn

poor person; have-not; pauper; the

poor; the destitute

qij

autumn season; autumn; fall; season

of autumn

qilng

hills; undulating topography

qy

region; area; district

qzh

zigzag; winding; tortuous;

meandering; complicated

qdo

ditch; trench; channel; way; means

marry (a woman); take a wife

qwi

interest; delight; fun; palate; taste

qunzi

circle; ring; clique

qunl

right

qunl

power; authority; jurisdiction

qunj

general or overall situation; situation

as a whole

quntou

fist

qungo

persuade; advise; exhort; urge;

advice; exhortation

qndo

group of scattered islands;

archipelago

rnlio

inflammable material; fuel

rnlio

dye; dyestuff

ro

forgive; spare; let off; throw in; make

an extra free offer

rdi

torrid zone; tropics

rling

quantity of heat

rnjia

everyone else; he; him; she; her;

they; them; I; me

rnjin

human world; this world

rnl

manpower; physical labor; ability of

human beings

rnqn

human throng; crowd

rnsh

personage; person with certain social

influence

rnt

human body; nude

rnxn

people's heart; the will of the people;

popular feeling

rn bu zh

cannot help; unable to bear

rnni

forbear; restrain oneself; exercise

patience

rnshu

bear; endure; tolerate; put up with

(pain, hardship, etc.)

rn

at will; at discretion; no matter (how,

what, etc.)

rn

assign to a post; assume a post;

bear; endure

rnxng

self-willed; self-indulgent;
headstrong; wayward

rny

arbitrarily; willfully; at will; at

discretion

rngji

still; yet

rbo

daily paper; daily

ry

day and night; round the clock

ry

more and more each day;

increasingly

ryng

of daily use; of everyday use

rngxng

honored and fortunate

rngy

liquid solution; liquor

rng

contain; hold; tolerate; forgive; allow;

permit

rngq

container; vessel

rngx

allow; permit

ru

knead; roll; crumple; rub; massage

rurun

soft; supple; lithe; limber

rc

that be like this; that be so

rtng

be like; be the same as

r xi

as follows

runru

soft and weak; weak; feeble; wishywashy; infirm

ru

if

rugn

a certain number of; some; several; a

few

si

fill in; stuff

sn

come loose; fall apart; scattered;

disintegrated

snwn

prose; literary works including

scribbles; essays, etc.

sn

break up; disperse; distribute; give

out; dispel

snb

scatter; disseminate; spread; sow

sngsh

lose; forfeit

sci

color; hue; flavor; appeal

sh

yarn; sheer; gauze; name of certain

textile products

shn

delete; strike out; expunge

shnd

mountainous area; hilly topography

shnfng

mountain peak

shng

mountain valley

shndin

lightning

shnshu

twinkle; glimmer; glitter; hum and

haw; equivocate

shnzi

fan (that can create airflow through

waving)

shnghi

hurt; harm; damage; injure; wound

shngku

wound; cut; laceration

shng nojn

troublesome; knotty; bothersome

shngrn

merchant; business person; trader

shngd

God; the ruler in heaven

shngshng

rise; go up; ascend; move upward

shngsh

aforementioned; above-mentioned;
aforesaid

shngtou

the higher authorities; foregoing;

above; on top of

shngxi

up and down; high and low; old and

young

shngxn

period of the first ten days of a month

shngyu

upper reaches (of a river); advanced

position

shon

young girl; unmarried girl; teenage

girl

shoxindu

Young Pioneers

shobng

sentinel; sentry; guard

sh bu de

hate to part with, spend, or use;

grudge; begrudge

shde

be willing to part with, spend, or use;

not grudge

shsh

Celsius; centigrade

sh yng

take a photo; shoot a film

shj

shoot; fire

shhuzhy

socialism

shln

editorial

sh

set up; establish; work out; suppose

shf

work out a way; try; do what one can

shxing

imagine; have consideration for; idea;

tentative plan

shnqng

apply for; file an application for

shnci

stature; figure

()

shnfen

identity; status; capacity; honorable

position; dignity

shnzi

body; pregnancy

shnd

depth degree; depth; profundity;

higher level

shny

late at night; period around midnight

shnhu

mythology; myth; fairy tale;

preposterous theory

shnm

mysterious; mystical

shnq

expression; manner; spirited;

vigorous; proud; cocky

shnqng

expression; look; air; mien

shnshng

sacred; holy

shnch

check; inspect; examine; investigate;

censor

shnzi

aunt; wife of father's younger brother

shnzh

even; and even

shnzhy

and even; it goes so far that

shnzhng

careful; cautious; prudent; discreet

shngmng

state; declare; proclaim; statement;

declaration

shng

life; all one's life; livelihood; existence

shng bng

get sick; fall ill; contract a disease

shngcn

live and persist; subsist; exist; survive

shngl

physiology

shngde

so as to avoid; so as to save

shngzhng

governor of a province; premier of a

province

shngdnji

Christmas; Christmas Day

shngy

remain; have a surplus; surplus;

remainder; residue

shfn

teacher training; person of exemplary

virtue

shdio

lose; no longer possess; miss; let slip

shmin

lose sleep; be unable to sleep; suffer

from insomnia

shrn

moist; damp; humid

shrn

poet

shchng

time and again; often; frequently

shj

moment of opportunity; opportunity;

opportune time

shji

season; time

shsh

time and time again; constantly; very

often

shhu

truthful words, truth

shkung

actual situation; what is actually

happening

shsh

put into effect; implement; carry out;

enforce; execute

shx

practice; praxis; exercise and learn in

the real world

shzh

essence; substance; gist

shde

cause; render; make

sh jn

use strength; exert all one's strength;

make efforts

sh

drive; sail; speed; move or pass

quickly

shwi

demonstrate; put on a show of

strength and prowess

shbng

rank-and-file soldier; private; rank

and file

shde

as if; -like; as as

shg

event that is unforeseen; accident;

mishap

shj

praiseworthy act; deed; achievement;

merit

shw

work; routine; affair; transaction

shsh

pass away; die

shli

(political, economic or military) force;

power; influence

shde

right and wrong; dispute; conflict over

trivialities

shfi

yes; right; that's it

shfu

yes or no; whether or not; if

shy

suitable; fit; appropriate; just right

shzhng

mayor

shug

gather and cut; reap; harvest

shuj

collect; gather

shusu

contract; shrink; reduce; concentrate

one's forces

shuqing

handgun; pistol

shush

gesture; sign; signal

shu

guard; defend; keep watch; observe;

be close to

shumng

life-span; life; life time

shu

sell

shu hu

sell goods

sh

comb

shzi

comb

shchng

comfortable and happy; pleased and

satisfied

shbn

(general term for) book

shj

(collective term for) books; works;

literature

shl

(of abstract good things) set up;

establish

shm

(collective term for) trees

sh

bunch; bundle; sheaf

shf

tie down; bind down; constrain; fetter

shj

data

shm

number; amount

shuzi

brush

shu

play with; perform; make fun of; give

full play to

shuiru

weak; feeble; weakened

shun

tether; tie; fasten; tie down; bind up

shung

frost; frost-like substance; white

color; hoary color

shung

two; both; twin; dual; double; twofold;

even

shufn

water element; moisture content;

untruthful information

shuk

reservoir

shul

water resources; water conservancy

shul

waterpower; hydraulic power

shumin

sleep

shu

tax; duty; tariff

shn

smooth; put in order; be agreeable to;

yield to

shnshu

smooth and handy; convenient;

without difficulty

shubudng

cannot say for sure; maybe; perhaps

shufa

wording; way to put it; argument;

saying; parlance

shu f

talk to convince; talk over; persuade;

convince;

sko

think over; ponder over; reflect upon;

consider

snin

miss; think of; long for

ssu

think and seek solutions; think in

depth; ponder

swi

thinking; thought

syu

privately owned; private

slng

commander; commanding officer

sho

very little; of the slightest amount or

degree

dead; fixed; rigid; deadly; implacable;

impassable

swng

die; expire

sch

four places; all around; hither and

thither; everywhere

s min b fng

four sides and eight directions; in

every direction

szhu

surround in four directions; on all

sides; all around

syng

raise; rear (domestic animals)

sngsh

pine-tree; pine tree; pine

sng l

give-gift; give a gift; present a gift to

sb.

suj

seek-gather; collect; hunt high and

low for (things)

su

measure word for ships or boats

shu

popular-saying; folk adage;

colloquialism

schng

rapidly-master; quickly accomplish;

crash (course)

sunsh

can be counted as; can be regarded

as

sun sh

count-number; count; hold; be valid

su

although; though; even if; even

though

sushu

although-say; although it can be said

that; although

suhu

following-rear; afterward; shortly

after; in a minute

suj

following-moment; right afterward;

immediately afterward

sushu

following-hand; without extra trouble

sush

age-figure; age; years

snn

grandchild-daughter; son's daughter;

granddaughter

snzi

grandchild-son;son's son; grandson

snhi

damage-harm; harm; injure; hurt

snhui

damage-break; damage; break; spoil

sudun

shrink-shorter; shorten; curtail; cut

short;

suxio

shrink-smaller; reduce; lessen;

deflate

su

lock; padlock

su

lock (up); lockstitch

suzi

where-be; place; location; where sth.

or sb. is

fall down; collapse; crumple; sink;

slump; calm down

tshi

step-solid; down-to-earth; anxietyfree

step; tread; stamp; stomp; trample

tn

spread out; unfold; lay out; share; (of

sth. bad) befall

tn

booth; stall; stand; measure word for

pools of liquid

tn

beach; shoal

tnhu

talk; chat; statement issued in the

form of an interview

tnln

talk-comment; talk about; discuss;

chat

tnk

tank

tnsu

feel-seek; try to find (information);

explore; probe

tn q

sigh (a breath); sigh; have a sigh

tngru

supposing; if; in case

to

peach; sth. resembling a peach;

walnut

tob

escape-avoid; evade; shirk

special; particular; extraordinary

twu

special-task; special-task agent;

secret agent; spy

tzhng

distinctive-sign; characteristic;
feature; trait

tbo

carrying-bag; handbag; shopping

bag; valise

tgng

lifting-rope; lifting-in-hand head-rope

of a net; outline

twn

ask-question; raise a question (in a

class or meeting)

txng

prompt-awareness; remind; call

attention to

ty

raise-idea; propose; move; proposal;

motion

hoof

tco

body-exercise; gymnastics

tl

physical-strength; physical power;

thews

tmin

decent-face; dignity; honorable;

creditable; handsome

twn

body-temperature; body temperature

txin

bodily-express; embody; incarnate

tinci

heavenly-talent; genius; gift;

endowment; gifted person

tinkng

sky-space; sky; heavens

tinrn

naturally-formed; naturallydeveloped; natural

tinrnq

naturally-formed-gas; natural gas

tinshng

heavenly-above; in the sky

tinwn

celestial-phenomena; astronomy

tinxi

under-sky; world; rule; domination

tinzhjio

heavenly-lord-religion; Catholicism

tind

field-land; cropland; farmland; plight;

pitiful situation

tioxun

pick-choose; select; pick out

tiol

itemized-rules; regulations;
ordinances; rules

tioji

adjust-regulate; adjust; regulate

tiop

playful-naughty; mischievous;
disobedient; tricky

tiodng

jump-move; jump up and down; beat;

pulsate

tng

hall; department in a large

government organization

tngli

stop-remain; stay for a period of time;

tngzi

pavilion-thingpavilion; kiosk

tng

straighten up; stick out; erect;

endure; put up with

tngchng

common-frequent; usual; general;

normal

tngshn

logical-smooth; clear and coherent

tng xn

communicate-letter; correspond;
communicate by letter

tngbn

accompanying-partner; companion;
mate; comrade

tngbn

same-afterbirth;sibling; compatriot

tngmng

same-vow;alliance; league; ally

tng

thick bamboo segment; tube-shaped

container

tngj

totally-count; tally; collect statistic

data; statistics

tngtng

totally-totally; all; entirely; completely;

wholly

tuj

invest-chance; congenial;
opportunistic; speculate

tuxing

join-surrender; surrender; capitulate;

give up resistance

tuno

head-brain; brains; intellectual power;

mind; wit

tumng

penetrating-brightness;transparent;
lucid

tp

charge-breach; break through;

breakthrough

thu

drawing-painting; composition of lines

and colors

td

apprenticing junior; apprentice

tjng

route and path; way; approach;

avenue; channel

local; indigenous; native; crude;

rustic; unfashionable

trng

earth-and-soil; soil

tunt

group-entity; group; organization;

team; society; circle

tunyun

group-member; delegation member;

League member

tunzhng

regiment-commander; colonel; head

of a delegation

tuch

push-later; put off; postpone; delay;

defer

tuc

push-decline; decline; refuse; turn

down (an offer)

tufn

push-topple; overthrow; overturn;

reverse; cancel

tujin

push-commend; recommend

tujn

push-progress; propel; advance;

drive forward

tub

back-steps; regress; fall behind;

retrogression

tuxi

withdraw-rest; retire

tn

swallow; devour; gulp down; annex

tulj

hauling-pulling-machine; tractor

tu'rsu

entrust-child-place; nursery; child

care center

tu

carry or bear on the back

tudang

sound-appropriate; proper; suitable;

appropriate

wwa

baby-baby; baby; child; doll

tile

wiq

slant-crook; distort; misrepresent;

twist; contort

wib

external-part; outside; exterior;

surface

wiji

external-world; outside

wik

external-department; surgical
department

witou

outside-place; outdoor space; outside

wiy

outer-garment; outerwear; coat;

apparel; jacket

wizf

external-grandfather; maternal
grandfather

wizm

external-grandmother; maternal
grandmother

wnq

curving-meandering; winding; zigzag;

anfractuous

wng

unyielding-firm; stubborn; obstinate;

obdurate

wnqing

unyielding-firm; tenacious;
indomitable

wnxio

play-laugh; joke; jest; prank

wnyr

play-thing; toy; thing; certain

performing folk art forms

wn

measure word for pills and boluses

wnbi

whole-complete; complete; entire;

perfect

wnshn

whole-good; perfect; consummate;

improve

wn

roll up; pull; draw; reverse; retrieve

wnji

retrieve-save; get back and save;

rescue; remedy

wnbo

evening-newspaperevening
newspaper

wnfn

thousands-portions; very much;

extremely

wn g chng qng

thousands-age-ever-green; remain
fresh forever

wsu

thousands-years; long live; Your

Majesty

wnwn

thousands-thousandsin millions of
cases; in any case

wny

thousands-oneone in thousands;
eventuality; in case

wng

net; netting; network; web; meshwork

wngli

come-go; be in contact with; have

relations with

wixi

menacingly-coerce; intimidate;
threaten; menace; imperil

wixio

micro-small; tiny; little; small; minute

wibi

violate-disobey; go against; run

counter to

wijn

enclosing-cloth; scarf; muffler; shawl;

neckerchief

winn

make-difficulties; feel awkward; make

things difficult for

wishu

as-head; be headed by; be led by

wizh

as-end; till; up to

wich

maintain-preserve; keep; support;

safeguard

wishngs

maintain-life-element; vitamin

wiqu

bent-distorted; grieved due to being

mistreated

witu

entrust-trust; consign; commission;

delegate; devolve

wib

not-necessarily; may not; perhaps not

wi

taste; flavor; smell; odor; interest;

food

wiy

position-at; lie on; be located in; be

situated in

wiwn

comfort-ask; express sympathy and

solicitude

wn

warm; lukewarm; mild; gentle; warm

up; review

wndi

warm-belt; temperate zone

wnh

warm-kind; temperate; moderate;

mild; genial

wnzi

mosquito

wnmng

hear-name; know by reputation; be

well-known

wn

lips; kiss; touch or caress with one's

lips

wng

buzz; hum; drone

lie; take a prone position; (of certain

animals) crouch

dirty; filthy; foul; corrupt; smeared

wmi

slander-smear; slander; smear; vilify;

libel

wb

nothing-compare; incomparable;
unsurpassed

wchn jij

no-property-rank-level; proletariat;
working class

w f

no-way; have no way; be incapable;

be unable

w k nih

nothing-could-make-what; be
helpless

wln rh

no-matter-like-what; in any case; in

any event; at any rate

wqng

no-feeling; unfeeling; heartless;

merciless; ruthless

wsuwi

no-what-say; be indifferent; not care;

cannot be called

wxindin

wireless-electricity; radio

wy

no-doubt; undoubted; beyond doubt;

unquestionable

wzhung

military-equipment; weaponry; arm

forces; arm; equip

wdo

move-step; move and step

rhythmically; dance

whu

dance-party; dance; ball

wti

dance-platform; stage; arena

wr

bully-humiliate; insult; affront;

humiliate; dishonor

wpn

substance-matter; article; goods;

thing

wt

substance-object; body; substance;

object

wz

substance material; goods and

materials

by mistake; by accident; miss; delay;

harm; damage

xf

Western-garment; Western-style
garment; suit

xy

Western-medicine; doctor trained in

Western medicine

xq

absorb-get; absorb; draw; assimilate;

extract

rare; uncommon; sparse; scattered;

watery; thin

tin; stannum (Sn)

xj

raid-attack; assault by surprise;

attack by surprise

xf

daughter-woman; son's wife;

daughter-in-law

x'i

like-love; like; love; be fond of; be

keen on

xyu

happy-pleased; joyful; joyous;

delighted; cheerful

xj

opera-drama; drama; theater; play;

play script

xbo

tiny-cell; cell

xzh

meticulous-careful; attentive to detail;

rich in detail

xi

become blind; groundlessly; to no

purpose; aimlessly

xi

shrimp; prawn; lobster

xig

ravine-valley; gorge; canyon

xijing

lower-descend; decline; get down;

drop; fall

xili

below-listed; following; listed below

xixn

last 10 days; from the 21st to the last

day of a month

xiyu

lower reaches (of a river); backward

position

xij

summer season; summer; season of

summer

xinmng

with bright colors and clear; vivid;

distinct; distinctive

xinxu

fresh-blood; blood

xinyn

bright-colorful; bright-colored; gailycolored

xin

salty; salted

xinhu

idle words; gossip; claver; tattle;

digression

xin

dislike; mind

xinsh

reveal-displaymake it obvious and

show; manifest

xin

dangerous; perilous; sinister; vicious;

venomous

xin

appear; reveal; show; impromptu;

extemporaneously

xinchng

now-made; ready-made

xinchng

county-town; county seat

xinf

constitutional-law; constitution

xin

get stuck; get bogged down; sink;

cave in; frame; fall

xinl

wire-route; circuit; line; route; path;

connection

xingdu

mutually-face; face each other; be

opposite; relative

xingyn

fragrant-smoke; cigarette; incense

smoke

xing

measure word for boxes, cases,

chests, trunks, etc.

xingcn

countryside-hamlet; rural area;

countryside; village

xingling

loud-bright; loud and clear; sonorous;

resonant

xing

alley; lane; narrow street

xingshng

comic dialogue; cross-talk

xingdo

direction-guide; guide

xingli

from beginning coming towards now;

always; all along

xingzhng

symbol-sign; symbolize; signify;

symbol; token

xio

pare; skive; peel (with a knife); cut

xioch

eliminate-remove; clear up; get rid of;

dispel

xio d

remove-poison; disinfect; sterilize;

sanitize

xioho

reduce-expend; consume; deplete;

consumption

zioj

eliminate-urgency; negative; passive;

inactive

xiobin

little-excrement; urine of human

beings

xioz

small-team; team; group

xiorng

smiling-look; smiling expression;

smile

xidng

joint-decision; agreement; accord

xihu

cooperating-organization;
association; union

xizh

assist-help; lend a hand; assist; help

xizu

jointly-work; cooperate; coordinate

xizu

write-create; compose; write

xi

unload; discharge; remove; take off;

unhitch; get rid of

xnshng

love-enjoy; appreciate; admire; like

xnqn

hardworking-diligent; industrious;
hardworking

xnshng

new-life; newborn; new; rebirth;

regeneration

xnsh

new-style; new type; latest type; of a

new form or rite

xnxng

new-type; new model

xn'i

heartfelt-love; loved; treasured;

precious; dear

xnl

heart-mechanism; psychology;
mentality; thought

xnsh

heart-thing; a load on one's mind;

worry

xns

heart-thought; thought; idea; thinking;

mind; mood

xny

heart-intention; regard; kindly

feelings; meaning

xnho

information-signal; signal

xnnin

believing-thought; belief; faith;

conviction

xnrn

believe-trust; trust; confide in; depend

on; have faith in

xnx

letter-message; information; news;

message

xngti

shape-state; form; shape; pattern;

morphology

xngrn

walking-person; pedestrian; foot

passenger

xngsh

move-drive; (of a boat, vehicle, etc.)

go; travel; drive

xngwi

action-doing; act; action; behavior;

conduct

xngxng

moving-star; planet

xngzhng

do-affairs; administration

xng go ci li

spirits-high-mood-ardent; be in high
spirits; be raptured

xngku

luckily-fortunately; luckily; fortunately

xngbi

sexual-distinction; sex; gender

xngnng

property-capability; performance;
capability; property

xing

inauspicious; vicious; fierce;

ferocious; brutal; terrible

xing'

ferocious-vicious; fierce; ferocious;

fiendish; vicious

xijin

build-construct; build; construct; erect

xizhng

revise-rectify; correct; amend; revise

xizh

build-construct; (of roads, dikes; etc.)

build; construct

xi

rust; become rusty

xi

embroider

need; want; require

must; have to

xsh

tell-state; narrate; relate; recount

xungo

propagate-declare; declare; proclaim

xunyn

declare-words; declaration;
manifesto; statement

xun

suspend; hang; feel anxious; be

unsettled; disclose

xuny

hanging-cliff; overhanging cliff; steep

cliff; precipice

xunzhun

revolve-turn; gyrate; rotate; spin;

revolve; turn; whirl

xunxi

elect-study; take as an elective

course

xuhu

learned-society; association;
academy; institute

xuk

learning-subject; discipline; branch of

learning; course

xunin

academic-year; school year

xush

study-hour; class hour; teaching

period; period

xushu

academic-theory; doctrine; theory

xuwi

academic-position; academic degree;

degree

xuyun

learning-member; trainee; student

xuzh

learned-person; person of learning;

scholar

xuzh

school-system; education system;

length of schooling

xuhu

snow-flower; snowflake

xuhn

blood-vessel; blood vessel

xugun

blood-sweat; sweat and toil;

industrious work

xnhun

follow-cycle; circle; cycle; circulate

xnwn

ask-question; ask about; inquire

about; solicit opinions

xn

look for; search; seek

give as security; pawn; mortgage;

detain; escort; bet

yl

pressure-force; pressure;
overwhelming force; stress

ysu

press-shrink; compress; constrict;

reduce; cut down

yzh

oppress-control; suppress; stifle;

inhibit; keep down

yzi

duck; drake; duckling

sprout; bud; shoot; sprout-like thing

ych

tooth

ygo

tooth-paste; toothpaste

yjn

second-army; second place (in a

contest); runner-up

yn

smoke; tobacco; cigarette; opium

yncng

smoke-hole; chimney; funnel;

stovepipe

yn

inundate; flood; submerge

yn

strict; stern; tight; close; severe;

heavy; extreme

ynjn

strictly-prohibit; forbid; prohibit;

ynl

strict-severe; stern; severe; harsh;

austere; stringent

ynm

close-tight; close; tight; wellconceived

ynjishng

research student; postgraduate;

graduate student

ynzh

research-produce; trail-make;
develop

ynsh

rock-stone; rock; stone

ynhi

edge

ynr

along-sea; coast; coastal area;

seaboard

yngi

cover-hide; cover up; conceal; hide;

cloak

ynh

cover-protect; shield; cover; screen

yngung

eye-sight; eye; vision; foresight;

insight; point of view

ynkn

eye-see; look on helplessly; in a

moment; very soon

ynshu

present-speech; make a speech;

address; speech

ynzi

swallow; house swallow

ynw

hate-dislike; detest; abominate;

abhor; be disgusted at

yng

raise; fly; throw up and scatter;

spread; make known

yng

vast; multitudinous; foreign; Western;

modern

ynghu

oxygen-change; oxygenate; oxidize

yngq

oxygen-gas; oxygen

yngchng

cultivate-succeed; form; acquire;

cultivate

ynglio

nutritional-material; nutriment;
nourishment

yobi

rock-sway; sway; swing; rock;

wigwag; vacillate

yohung

rock-shake; sway; shake; swing; rock

yoyun

distant-far; faraway; remote; distant;

very far

yo

kiln; stove; oven; old-style coal pit;

cave dwelling

yoyn

rumor-words; rumor; canard;

unfounded report; hearsay

yofng

medicine-prescription; recipe;
prescription

yopn

medicine-article; (general term for)

medicines

yoshur

medicinal-liquid; liquid medicine;

lotion

yow

medicine-substance; medicines;
pharmaceuticals

yo

if; suppose; in case; or

yob

if-not; otherwise; or else; or

yoburn

if-not-so; otherwise; or else; or

yobsh

if-not-be; if the fact weren't that;

hadn't; shouldn't

yodin

important-point; main point; essential;

gist; strongpoint

yoho

want-good; on good terms; friendly to

each other

yoshi

key

yshu

wild-beast; wild animal

yjn

smelt-metal; metallurgy

yjin

night-period; at night

yt

liquid-substance; liquid

yy

one-one; one by one; one after

another

ydi

one-belt; area (nearby a place);

(adjacent) zone

y l png n

all-way-peace-safe; have a safe trip

y l shn fng

all-way-along-wind; have a good

journey

ymin ymin

one-side one-side ; at the same

time

yxli

one-system-line; a series of

yxi

one-time; in a short while; all of a

sudden; all at once

yxing

all-along; always; consistently

yzi

always-again; time and again; again

and again

yzhn

one-while; a short period of time; a

burst; a fit; a gust

ykuq

one-mouth-breath; in one breath; at

one go

ylin

in a row; in succession

ypng

one-side; aside; on one side; by

yxn

one-heart; of one mind;

wholeheartedly; heart and soul

yxng

one-group; a group (traveling

together)

ylio

cure-heal; medical treatment

yji

still-before; still like before;

unchanged as before

yj

rely-base; be in line with; base on;

basis; grounds

yrn

still-so; as before; still

yzho

comply-follow; according to; in the

light of

yslnjio

Islam religion; Islam; Muslim religion

ychn

left-property; heritage; legacy;

inheritance

yhn

remaining-regret; pity; regret

yli

leave-remain; leave behind; hand

down; bequeath

ybio

instrument-meter; meter; instrument;

appearance

ysh

ceremony-ritual; ceremony; ritual;

rite; function

yxn

doubtful-mind; suspicion; doubt;

suspect;

aunt; maternal aunt; mother's sister;

wife's sister

lean on or against; rest on or against;

rely on; count on

the second of the ten Heavenly

Stems; second

ybin

so as to make it convenient to; so

that; in order to

yzh

so-to; up to; down to; so that

yzh

so-incur; so that; as a result;

consequently

yzh

restrain-control; restrain; control;

repress; check; bate

easy; amiable

ysh

think-realize; consciousness; be
conscious of

ywizhe

mean-flavor-doing; signify; mean;

imply

yl

perseverance

yw

righteous-affair; duty; obligation;

moral responsibility

yhu

discussing-assembly; parliament;
congress

yn

sound; news; tidings; syllable

ynmu

hidden-plot; plot; conspiracy;

machination

yntin

cloudy-day; overcast day; gloomy

day

ynm

silver-screen; screen; projection

screen

ynlio

drinking-stuff; drink; beverage

yn

draw; stretch; lead; guide; leave;

induce; cause; quote

yndo

lead-guide; lead; guide; show; direct

ynjn

lead-enter; introduce; import

ynyu

latent-sketchy; indistinct; faint (to the

eye or ear)

ynrn

print-dye; print and dye

yngbng

English-pound; pound sterling; pound

yngmng

outstandingly-bright; brilliant; wise

yng'r

baby-child; baby; infant; babe

yng

welcome; greet; go to meet; go

against; go towards

yngpin

image-film; movie; film

yng

answer; reply; comply with; respond

to; suit; deal with

yngchou

respond-toast; be sociable; treat with

courtesy

yngfu

cope-give; deal with; cope with; make

do with

yngyo

accept-invitation; on invitation; at
sb.'s invitation

yng

obstinately; stubbornly; forcibly

yo

(used in a sentence to express an

imperative tone)

yngj

throng-squeeze; push; squeeze;

press; shove

yngyu

jump-leap; vying with one another;

enthusiastic; eager

yng

gush; pour; surge; rise; spring; well;

emerge

yngpn

use-article; articles for use

yngt

use-way; use; purpose; application

yng xn

use-heart; attentively; intently;

diligently

yushng

superior-victorious; winning;
victorious; superior

yush

superior-situation; superiority;
dominance; advantage

yuyu

superior-surpassing; superior;
advantageous

yubo

postal-parcel; parcel

yuy

hesitant; irresolute; undecided;

unsure

yutin

oil-field; oil field

yu

swim; rove around; travel; tour; make

friends with

yux

tour-play; game; recreation

yuxng

move-go; parade; march; procession;

rove about

yuj

have-organism; organic

yu ling xizi

have-two-feats; know a few tricks of

the trade

yuxin

have-limit; limited; finite; not many in

number

()

yu(y)xi

have-a-little; somewhat; rather; a little

yuy

have-mind; have a mind (to do); be

attracted sexually

yuy

have-benefit; beneficial; profitable;

useful; good

yu'i

friendship-love; friendly and close;

friendly affection

yu'ryun

young-child-garden; kindergarten;
nursery school

yuzh

young-childish; childish; puerile;

immature; naive

ychn

foolish-stupid; foolish; stupid; silly;

unintelligent; dumb

leave; remain; surplus; spare time;

beyond; more than

ymn

fishing-person; fisherman; fishing

people

yl

amuse-enjoy; amuse; entertain;

entertainment; hobby

yq

with-such; rather than; better than

yzhu

space-time; universe; cosmos;

metagalaxies

ywn

speech-writing; language and

literature; Chinese

ysh

bath-room; bathroom; shower room;

public bathhouse

y y

the more the more

yyn

implying-word; fable; allegory;

parable

ybo

beforehand-report; predict; forecast;

prediction

yfng

beforehand-guard; prevent; take

precautions against

ygo

fore-announce; announce in
advance; advance notice

yxin

beforehand-before; in advance;
beforehand

yzh

beforehand-wish; wish; may

yunwang

wrong-mistreat; treat unjustly; wrong;

not worthwhile

yundn

first-day; New Year' s Day

yunxio

basic-element; essential factor;

element

yuns

Yuan-night; night of Shangyuan

Festival; rice dumpling

yunl

original-reason; theory; principle;

principium

yunsh

original-initial; original; firsthand;

primeval; primitive

yunxin

original-earlier; former; original

yunz

original-particle; atom

yunzdn

original-particle-bomb; atom bomb;

atomic bomb

yunzh

rescue-help; aid; help; assist; support

yunln

garden-grove; garden; park

yunmn

round-full; perfect; satisfactory

yunrn

ape-man; ape man; pithecanthropus

yung

reason-cause; reason; cause

yun

hope; wish; desire; be willing

yun

complain; blame; resentment;

discontent; hatred

yu

jump over; leap over; exceed;

overstep; rob; loot

yujn

leap-advance; leap forward; make a

leap; jump

yugung

moon-light; moonlight; moonbeam

yuq

musical-instrument; musical
instrument

ynqi

fortune-luck; fate; destiny; lot; odds;

luck; fortune

ynzhun

revolve-turn; revolve; turn round; run;

operate; work

yn

swoon; faint; pass out; lose

consciousness

pound; tamp; break; smash

zwn

extra-composition; essay; satirical

essay

zzh

mixed-record; magazine; journal;

random notes;

zzh

mixed-substance; impurity

zi

grow; plant; erect; insert; plant (stolen

goods); tumble

zinn

disaster-catastrophe; calamity;
disaster; suffering

zi

carry; hold; be loaded with; (of roads)

be filled with

zizhng

carry-load; carrying capacity; load

zisn

again-three; again and again; over

and over again

zishu

more-say; what's more; besides; talk

about sth. later

ziy

be-at; lie in; consist in; depend on;

rest with

zizu

be-seated; be present (at a meeting,

banquet, etc.)

znmi

eulogize-praise; eulogize; praise;

glorify; laud

znyng

praise-show; commend; praise;

speak highly of

zo

meet with (sth. unfortunate); suffer;

sustain

zoy

encounter-meet; meet with (sth.

unfortunate); encounter

zo

rotten; decayed; in a wretched state;

in a mess

zo

chisel; dig; cut a hole

zoq

early-period; early stage; early

phase; initial period

zown

early-late; morning and evening;

sooner or later

zoy

early-already; long ago; (have done)

for a long time

zbi

demand-integrity; accuse; blame;

reproach; criticize

zng chn

increase-production; increase
production

zngjn

improve-advance; enhance; promote;

further; improve

zngqing

reinforce-strengthen; enhance;
strengthen; reinforce

zngsng

present-give; present as a gift; give

as a gift

zhsh

press-solid; sturdy; strong; robust;

sound; firm

zh

residue; dregs; sediment; broken bits;

crumb; dross

zh

fry in deep fat or oil; deep-fry

zh

explode; burst; bomb; fly into a rage;

be disordered

zhi

debt

zhn

soak; wet; be stained with; touch;

gain by association

zhn

measure word for lights

zhnxn

very-new; nascent; brand new;

completely new

zhnlng

occupy-administer; seize; occupy;

capture; possess

zhnyu

take-possess; own; hold; have (a

certain status); grasp

zhnchng

battle-field; battlefield; battleground;

battlefront

zhnlu

war-strategy; strategy; stratagem;

overall plan; tactic

zhnsh

battle-method; (military) tactics;

tactic; maneuver

zhnxin

battle-line; battle lines; battlefront;

battlefields; front line

zhnyu

battle-fellow; battle companion;

comrade in arms

zhng

open; spread; stretch; lay out;

display; show; look

zhngwng

peep-look; peep (through a crack,

etc.); look around;

zhng

chief; head; chief (secretary-general)

zhngshng

palm-sound; applause

zhng

account; account book; debt; credit

zhng

expand; distend; swell; inflate; bulge;

be bloated

zhng'i

block-stop; barrier; obstacle; hinder;

block; obstruct

zho

confess; beckon; recruit; provoke;

attract (sth. bad)

zho shu

wave-hand; beckon; wave one's

hand as a signal

zho ling

suffer-cold; catch a cold; catch a chill

zhol

follow-rule; as usual; as a rule;

usually

zhoxingj

take-photo-machine; camera

zhoyng

follow-appearance; in the same old

way; as before

zhoyo

shine-illuminate; shine; illuminate;

radiate; blaze

zho

envelop; wrap; cover; hood; casing;

shade; chimney

zhoj

summon-gather; call together;

convoke; convene

zh

cover; screen; conceal; hide from

view; cloak; hinder

zhh

convert-equal; convert into; amount

to; be equivalent to

zhmo

torment-trouble; afflict; torture; gnaw;

suffering; ordeal

()

zh

one who; -er; -ist; (fan; fancier; lover;

enthusiast)

zhhur

this-moment; now; at present; at the

moment

zhyng y li

this-way-ever-since; in this way; in

such a case; thus

zhngu

valuable-precious; valuable; precious

zhnx

value-cherish; treasure; value;

cherish

zhnzh

valuable-pearl; pearl; genuine pearl

zhn shi

really-be; really; indeed; what a

shame; too bad

zhnji

acupuncture-moxibustion;
acupuncture

zhntou

pillow-thing; pillow

zhn

shake; shock; vibrate; quake; be

excited; be shocked

zhndng

shock-move; quiver; vibrate; quake;

shock; astonish

zhndng

vibrate-move; vibrate; tremble; flutter;

oscillate

zhn

town; garrison post; trading center

zhngjng

calm-tranquil; calm; cool; composed;

poised; unruffled

zhny

suppress-repress; crackdown; put

down; execute

zhnd

position-place; battlefront; front;

ground; position

zhngf

evaporate-emanate; vaporize;
evaporate

zhngq

evaporate-stream; water vapor;

steam

zhngzh

struggle-strain; struggle; battle;

flounder

zhng

levy; draft; recruit; call up; collect; ask

for; solicit

zhngf

go-conquer; conquer; subjugate;

subdue

zhngdu

fight-seize; fight for; contend for;

scrabble for

zhng

whole; entire; neat; tidy; put in order;

do; repair; punish

zhngdn

organize-arrange; restructure;
consolidate; reorganize

zhng fng

rectify-style; rectify incorrect styles of

work or thinking

zhngt

whole-entity; whole; entirety; integer

zhng dng

just-when; just when; just as; just the

time for

zhngjing

upright-normal; decent; respectable;

formal; serious

zhngmin

face-side; facade; the front; the right

side; positive

zhngy

righteous-justice; righteousness;
justice; just; righteous

zhngdng

political-party; political party

zhngqun

political-authority; political (or state)

power; regime;

zhngzhung

sick-condition; symptom

zhng

struggle to get free; try to break

loose; earn; make

zhngjin

certificate-paper; credentials;
certificate; papers

zhngj

proof-evidence; proof; evidence;

testimony

zhngsh

prove-true; confirm; verify; validate;

bear out

zhngsh

certificate-document; certificate;
credentials

zh

branch; twig; measure word for guns,

pens, flowers, etc.

zh

raise; put up; send away; order

about; pay or withdraw

zhpi

arrange-apportion; control; dominate;

arrange

zh

know; realize; be aware of; inform;

notify; tell

zhshi fnz

knowledge-realization-memberperson; intellectual

zh

(used to connect the modifier and the

noun modified)

zh

it; they; them; I; me; he; him; she;

her; we; us; you

zhli

(someone or sth.)'s-sort; and so on;

and the like

zhni

(sth.)'s-interior; inside of; interior of;

within

zhwi

(sth.)'s-exterior; outside of; exterior

of; beyond

zhyun

job-person; office worker; staff

member; staffer; clerk

zhd

direct-reach; go straight (or nonstop)

to the destination

zhjng

straight-diameter; diameter

zhmnd

propagate-people-territory; colony

zhtou

finger; toe

zh

be worth; happen to; be on duty

zhbio

pointing-mark; index; target; quota;

norm; indicator

zhdin

point-direct; instruct; give directions;

find fault with

zhnnzhn

point-south-needle; compass; sth.

that gives guidance

zhyn

point-lead; show the way; direct;

lead; guide

zhd

only-must; be obliged to; have to;

have no choice but

zhyun

aspiration-wish; aspiration; wish;

ideal; will; desire

zhy

go-to; (go) so far as to; to such an

extent; as for; as to

zh

extend; send; devote; concentrate;

achieve; lead to

zh

make; manufacture; work out;

formulate; rule; control

zhzh

control-stop; prevent; stop; curb;

restrain; check; deter

zhzu

make-do; produce; make; build;

construct

zhhu

intelligence-wisdom; wisdom; wits;

brightness; brains

zh

quality; character; nature; matter;

substance; material

zhlio

cure-heal; treat; cure; heal

zhngb

central-part; central area; central

section; middle part

zhngdun

midway-break; interrupt; suspend;

break off; intermit

zhngnin

middle-age; middle age; mid-life

zhngxn

mid-period; period of the second ten

days of a month

zhngy

Chinese-doctor; traditional Chinese

medical science

zhngchng

loyal-honest; loyal; true; staunch;

faithful

zhngsh

loyal-dependable; faithful and

trustworthy; truthful

zhngxn

inside-heart; wholehearted; heartfelt;

hearty; cordial

zhngshn

all-life; life-time; all one's life

zhngli

sort-category; kind; type; sort; variety

zhng

swell; bloat; distend; puff up; be

swollen

zhng

hit; be affected; get hit; suffer; fall into

zhngzh

plant-grow; plant; grow; crop; put in

zhum

week-end; weekend

zhunin

orbit-year; anniversary

zhu

porridge; congee; gruel

zhu

crinkle; wrinkle; furrow; shrivel; frown;

knit

zhuwn

wrinkle-line; wrinkle; furrow; rimple;

crumple; pucker

zhf

enjoin-instruct; enjoin; exhort; advise;

urge; tell

zhch

manage-control; direct; preside over;

manage; uphold

zhl

main-force; main force; main

strength; principal player

zhqun

primary-right; sovereign rights;

sovereignty

zhzi

pillar-thing; pillar; post; column

zh

help; assist; aid

zhshu

assisting-hand; assistant; helper;

aide

zh

cast; found

zhzhi

living-house; residence; residential

building; dwelling

zhsh

pour-shoot; inject; shoot

zhsh

attentively-watch; look attentively at;

gaze at; stare at

zhyun

wish-desire; call upon; invoke upon;

wish; desire

zh

halt; stay; be stationed; encamp

zhun

particular; special; narrow; specialty;

specialization

zhunzhng

monopolize-government; rule by
violence; dictatorship

zhun

brick; sth. shaped like a brick

zhunb

relaying-broadcast; relay;
rebroadcast; broadcast live

zhund

relaying-reach; pass on; convey;

communicate

zhungdng

turn-move; turn; move; turn around;

change direction

zhunhun

turn-change; transform; change;

translate; convert

zhunr

turning-enter; change over to; shift to;

transfer

zhun wn

turn-corner; turn a corner; change

one's point of view

zhuny

transferring-move; transfer; divert;

displace; change

zhun

make money; earn; make a profit;

profit; gain

zhundng

revolve-moving; turn; revolve; rotate;

spin; gyrate

zhung

stake; peg; picket; measure word for

matters; piece

zhungbi

install-equip; fit out; equip; furnish;

equipment; outfit

zhungsh

dress-adorn; decorate; adorn;

ornament; accessory

zhungzh

install-establish; install; fit;

installation; unit; apparatus

zhung

measure word for buildings

zhung

strong; robust; magnificent; grand;

strengthen; augment

zhungd

strengthen; grow in strength; expand;

thick and strong

zhungl

magnificent-beautiful; majestic;
splendid; magnificent

zhuqi

pursuing-seek; pursue; seek; woo;

run after (a woman)

zhushu

put-hand; put one's hand to; set

about; begin; start

zhuzhng

place-weight; emphasize; stress;

underline; highlight

zbn

money-principal; capital; asset

zbnji

money-principal-person; capitalist

zbnzhy

money-principal-main-meaning;
capitalism

zchnjij

money-asset-rank-level; capitalist
class; bourgeoisie

zg

qualification-standard; qualification;
condition; seniority

zjn

money-fund; funds; money for

business use; capital

zsh

carriage-posture; posture; gesture;

pose; carriage

zti

carriage-attitude; carriage; bearing;

attitude; gesture

child; son; person; seed; egg; copper

coin; bead

zdn

ball-bullet; bullet; cartridge

zho

self-outstanding; proud

zlishu

self-come-water; tap water

zmn

self-satisfied; complacent; selfcontented; conceited

zshn

self-oneself; self; oneself

z sh zh zhng

from-beginning-to-end; from start to

finish

zs

self-favor; selfish; self-centered; selfconcerned

z xing modn

self-mutually-spear-shield; selfcontradiction

zxn

self-trust; be self-confident; be selfassured; confident

z yn z y

self-talk-self-say; talk to oneself

zyun

self-desire; volunteer; be willing to

zzh

self-administer; exercise autonomy;

self-govern

zzhq

self-administer-area; autonomous
region

zzh

self-decide; decide for oneself; act on

one's own

zdin

character-classic; dictionary of
characters; dictionary

zm

character-origin; letter of an alphabet;

letter

zngjio

god-teaching; religion

zngpi

sect-faction; sect; faction

zng

put together; assemble; total; overall;

general; chief

zngdi

eventually-must; must; have to; be

obliged to

zng r yn zh

generalize-and-say-it; in short; in
brief; in a nutshell

znggng

overall-total; altogether; in all; in the

aggregate; in total

zngsun

totally-count; at long last; finally; in

the end; on the whole

zngzh

generalize-it; in short; in brief; in a

nutshell; to sum up

zu humnr

walk-back-door; gain advantages

through connection

zulng

walking-corridor; corridor; passage;

passageway

zu wnl

walk-roundabout-way; go in a
roundabout way; detour

charter; let; lease; hire; rent;

enough; sufficient; ample

foot; leg

zf

grandparent-father; (paternal)
grandfather

zm

grandparent-mother; (paternal)
grandmother

zxin

ancestor-forebear; forefather;
forebear; ancestor

z'i

hinder-stop; impede; hinder; block;

obstacle; hindrance

zl

resisting-force; resistance; drag;

obstruction

zzh

hinder-stop; prevent; preclude; stop;

arrest; hold back

zchng

form-accomplish; form; compose;

constitute; make

zzhng

group-leader; team leader; head of a

group

zuchn

mouth-lip; lip

zu

crime; guilt; sin; fault; blame;

suffering; pain; hardship

zu'

crime-evil; crime; evil; sin; villainy;

maleficence; vice

zuxng

criminal-act; crime; guilt; offence;

misdeed; maleficence

znzhng

revere-respect; respect; value;

esteem; honor

zufng

behaving-style; style; way; attitude;

behavior; conduct

zuw

cultivated-thing; crop; cultivated

plant; farm produce

zu zhn

do-battle; engage in a battle; fight;

battle; campaign

zur

seat; place; stand; pedestal; base