Land acquisition in India 2013.

Objectives :

Land acquisition in India 2013. refers to the process by which the union or a state
government in India acquires private land for the purpose of industrialisation, development of
infrastructural facilities or urbanisation of the private land, and provides compensation to the
affected land owners and their rehabilitation and resettlement.[1]
Rehabilitation is the act of restoring something to its original state)

( Resettlement is the process of moving people to a different place to live, because they are no
longer allowed to stay in the area where they used to live. NOUNOnly refugees are eligible for
resettlement abroad.)

Till 2013, land acquisition in India was governed by Land Acquisition Act of 1894.
Purpose of land acquisition act 2013 .Difference The 1894 Act does not provide for
rehabilitation and resettlement (R&R) for those affected by land acquisition..
The land acquisition in Jammu and Kashmir is governed by the Jammu and Kashmir Land
Acquisition Act, 1934.[9]

Process :
Highlights of the Bill....lla 2013.
The Bill provides for land acquisition as well as rehabilitation and resettlement. It
replaces the Land Acquisition Act, 1894.
The process for land acquisition involves a Social Impact Assessment survey, preliminary
notification stating the intent for acquisition, a declaration of acquisition, and compensation to
be given by a certain time. All acquisitions require rehabilitation and resettlement to be
provided to the people affected by the acquisition.
Compensation for the owners of the acquired land shall be four times the market value
in case of rural areas and twice in case of urban areas.
In case of acquisition of land for use by private companies or public private partnerships,
consent of 80 per cent of the displaced people will be required. Purchase of large pieces of
land by private companies will require provision of rehabilitation and resettlement.
The provisions of this Bill shall not apply to acquisitions under 16 existing legislations
including the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005, the Atomic Energy Act, 1962, the Railways
Act, 1989, etc.

Land owners whose property is acquired using the urgency provisions shall
be given an additional 75 per cent of the market value of the land.
The Bill also provides the displaced families with certain R&R
entitlements. These include, among other things, (i) land for a house as
per the Indira Awas Yojana in rural areas or a constructed house of at
least 50 square metres plinth area in urban areas; (ii) a one-time
allowance of Rs 50,000 for affected families; and (iii) the option of
choosing either mandatory employment in projects where jobs are being
created or a one-time payment of Rs 5 lakh or an inflation adjusted annuity
of Rs 2,000 per month per family for 20 years.
Income-tax Exemption: All amounts accruing under this act have been exempted from
income tax and from stamp duty.

Current scenario :
Current Status: Passed in lok
sabha
Ministry: Rural Development

Stage

Date

Introduction in Sep 07, 2011

parliment
Com. Ref.

Sep 13, 2011

Com. Rep.

May 17, 2012

Lok Sabha
passed

Aug 29, 2013

and Sep 05,
2013

Rajya Sabha

Sep 04, 2013 not passed..

the President of India promulgated an ordinance with an official mandate to "meet the twin
objectives of farmer welfare; along with expeditiously meeting the strategic and

developmental needs of the country.

Lok Sabha passed the bill but the same is still lying for passage by the Rajya Sabha..
On 30 May 2015, President of India promulgated the amendment ordinance for third time

While the bill was passed in Lok Sabha, it still needs approval from the upper house, where
the current government does not have a majority, for the proposed amendments to become
effective.

Impact :

The land value would increase many times, which the current buyer would not benefit from.
[21]
Secondly, if the prices are left for the market to determine,

The government can temporarily acquire land for a maximum period of three years.
There is no provision for rehabilitation and resettlement in such cases.

Alternative :and issues ..

One of the alternative proposals to land acquisition is leasing the land from landowners for a
certain lease period
Leasing land, may also support sustainable project development since the lands need to be
returned to the landowners at the end of the lease period in a condition similar to its original
form with out considerable environmental degradation.
the landowner lends her land to the government for a steadily-increasing rent, or through
an annuity-based system as currently practiced in Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.[44].

Best practices :

Some industries already follow the model of leasing lands instead of acquiring it. Energy
development projects such as oil & gas extraction usually lease lands. Renewable energy
projects such as Wind Power farms[45][46][47] and Bio-fuel[48] projects often lease the land from
land owners instead of trying to acquire the land which could make the projects prohibitively
expensive...

Why other parties apposing against land acquisition act 2013 ...

http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-5-points-why-congress-stan.

ds-against-the-land-acquisition-bill-2075156 .
Conclusion as my opinion :
the land acquisition before 1934 was no resettlement and rehabilitation practices there but in 2014 act resettlement and rehabilitation practices is invoked much appreciated
..and there is more benefits in lla act of 2013..as i felt market value should be increased up-to 5% than the current value .and leasing the land could be a best practices
instead of acquisition of land from framers .
This act en-chance the country infrastructural development .industrialization and urbanization ..i did not understand y other parties appose this act ..this act enforces
country to flourish more in development and provides more employment.

Reference :

http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/live-opposition-marchesagainst-land-acquisition-bill/.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_acquisition_in_India.

http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/keyword/land-acquisition-act.

http://www.livemint.com/Politics/FXZ9CrJApxRowyzLd8mb2O/All-you-wantedto-know-about-new-land-acquisition-Bill.html.

http://www.prsindia.org/uploads/media/Land%20and%20R%20and
%20R/LARR%20-%20Final%20Brief.pdf......

- Anand yogesh .P