Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Operating instructions
Present Weather Sensor
Parsivel
Table of contents
1 Scope of delivery
2 Part numbers
4 Safety instructions
5 Introduction
Cable Selection
Wiring the Parsivel
Grounding the Parsivel
Installing the Parsivel
8
9
10
10
11
13
14
15
15
17
21
23
23
25
26
27
28
29
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
12 Maintenance
29
30
31
31
32
34
34
34
35
36
36
36
14 Technical data
37
38
41
41
43
43
44
45
1 Scope of Delivery
Parsivel
2 Part Numbers
Parsivel
Parsivel
with 2 special spray protection units
with installation set
with Parsivel software ASDO Basic
Zubehr
Interface converter
RS-485 / USB
RS-485 / RS-232
97.961.091.9.5
97.970.041.9.5
97.850.011.9.5
97.850.012.9.5
56.551.001.9.7
70.200.803.9.5
70.200.405.3.1
Replacement
70.200.005.9.0
parts
RS-485 2-wire
19,200 baud
deactivated
0
deactivated
0
activated
solid=0, liquid=1
off
OTT telegram (see Chapter 11.4)
30 s
The parameters can be set using Parsivel software ASDO or using a terminal software package. Information on the setting of these parameters is available in
Appendix A, CS Command Set or in the operating instructions Parsivel Software ASDO.
4 Safety Instructions
These operating instructions contain basic instructions that must be followed
during installation, operation and maintenance. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary that they be read by the assembler and by the responsible technical personnel/operator prior to installation and startup!
These operating instructions must be accessible at the point of use of the measurement device!
Personnel responsible for installation, operation and maintenance must have
the appropriate qualifications for this work! Responsibilities, competency and
the monitoring of personnel must be closely controlled by the owner.
If personnel do not have the required knowledge, it must be provided through
training and instruction. If necessary, OTT MESSTECHNIK can provided this
service on a contractual basis for the owner.
Non-adherence to these safety instructions can have dangerous consequences
for persons as well as for the measurement device!
Non-adherence to these safety instructions can result in the loss of any indemnity claims!
Please adhere to the safety instructions listed in these operating instructions,
to all existing national accident prevention regulations and to any internal
work, operating and safety rules as set forth by the owner!
Parsivel contains a laser diode with a power output of 3 mW and a light
source wavelength of 650 nm (Class 2 laser). Protect your eyes against direct
and long-term contact with the laser beam!
The operating safety of the delivered measuring device is only guaranteed
when it is used properly! Retrofitting or changing the measuring device is only
allowed if authorized by the manufacturer.
To ensure safety, buy only original replacement parts and accessories authorized by the manufacturer. Use of other parts can void liability for any consequences arising therefrom!
5 Introduction
Parsivel is a laser-based optical system for complete and reliable measurement
of all types of precipitation. The size range of measurable liquid precipitation particles is from 0.2 5 mm, for solid precipitation particles it is from
0.2 25 mm. In the process, precipitation particles can have a velocity of from
0.2 20 m/s. The precipitation particles are categorized as follows:
Drizzle
Drizzle with rain
Rain
Rain, drizzle with snow
Snow
Snow grains
Freezing rain
Hail
The precipitation measurements are carried out using a special sensor head that
was developed for this particular purpose. It detects precipitation optically. The
data thus determined are processed and stored by a fast digital signal processor.
Parsivel issues one data telegram every 30 seconds.
Laser beam
Transmitter
Receiver
Precipitation particle
The following parameters can be derived from these two determined quantities:
Size spectrum
Type of precipitation
Kinetic energy
Intensity of the precipitation
Radar reflectivity
Visibility
The spray protection attached to the sensor head prevents precipitation particles
from deflecting off the housing, falling into the laser beam and thus falsifying the
measurements.
Parsivel
H = Total height
Pipe
Disdrometer
general:
1m
Power supply
Present Weather
Sensor Parsivel:
2m
Signal outputs:
RS-485
SDI-12
Impulse
Status
Chapter 8
Cable
max. 300 m
(RS-485)
Interface
converter
online
Chapter 8
Cable
max. 300 m
(RS-485)
Interface
converter
Chapter 7.1
Cable
max. 300 m
(RS-485)
Chapter 7.2
Cable
max. 70 m
SDI-12
Chapter 7.3
Impulse
+ Status
Chapter 9
SDI-12
cable length
see
chap. 6.1
RS-485/
2-wire
online
RS-232/USB
RS-232/USB
ASDO Basic
Storage without
precipitation
spectrograph
Storage with
precipitation
spectrograph
SDI-12
data logger
data logger
power supply
Termination module
RS-485
LogoSens 2
LogoSens 2
Hydras 3
35 x 35 x 80 cm (L x W x H).
Before the Parsivel can be fastened to the standpipe, the data transmission cable
and power supply must be installed.
RS-485
SDI-12
Impulse output
Status output
We recommend that the data transmission cable has the following characteristics:
Twisted-pair cable
Usage length for transfer via the RS-485 interface, max. 300 m
Usage length for transfer via the SDI-12 interface, max. 70 m
Cable cross section 0.5 mm2
10
Power supply 11 36 V DC
RS-485 2-wire A ()
Digital Status
Digital GND
Digital Impulse
RS-485 4-wire A () IN
Parsivel
Power supply 11 36 V DC
Parsivel
11
Power supply 11 36 V DC
RS-485 2-wire A ()
SDI-12 Data
Digital Impulse
Parsivel
Plug the screwed terminal strip onto the sensor head as shown in Figure 5.
Re-fasten the bottom cover of the sensor head using the two Allen screws.
Tighten the screwed cable connection.
Connect the shielding to the corresponding power supply.
12
1
1
2
1
1
1
hex key 4 mm
M 8 X 25 grub screw
lock washers
cable lug
flat washer
M8 hex nut
Also, you will need a grounding cable with a wire cross section of 16 mm2.
In order to ground the Parsivel, proceed as follows:
Rotate the grub screw using the hex key from inside into the grounding hole
(see Fig. 6) until the grub screw is flush with the inner wall inside the socket.
Place the lock washers, cable lug and washer as shown in Fig. 6 onto the grub
screw from the outside.
Likewise, screw the hex nut from outside onto the grub screw and tighten it.
Hold the grub screw from the inside using the hex key while doing so so that it
does not rotate during tightening.
Loosen the two copper screws of the cable lug by rotating them a few turns.
Remove the insulation from one end of the grounding cable approximately
2 cm.
Insert the un-insulated end of the grounding cable between the two plates of
the cable lug and re-tighten the two copper screws. The other end of the cable
must be properly grounded near the Parsivel.
Lock washers
flat washer
Hex nut
Hex key
Grounding hole
Grub screw
Cable lug
Copper screws
13
2
1
Cable gland
14
LogoSens
T
+VBat
Power supply
11 36 V DC
4
+5V
LogoSens
AR
12 V
GND
R = 120
from 20 m
of cable length
GND
GND
11 36 V DC
RS-485 A
RS-485 B +
Parsivel
15
16
0:
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
Connecting the Parsivel to any Data logger via the SDI-12 Interface
Connect the Parsivel to any data logger as shown in Fig. 10 via the SDI-12 interface:
Power supply
11 36 V DC
GND
11 36 V DC
SDI-12 Bus
GND
Data logger
Parsivel
17
Power supply
11 36 V DC
SDI-12 Data
SDI-12 GND
LogoSens
T
GND
LogoSens
AR
11 36 V DC
Parsivel
18
19
Interface
converter
Parsivel
20
GND
11 36 V DC
7
Power supply
11 36 V DC
+b
SDI-12 Data
GND
Data
logger
CS/C/4/0<CR>
CS/S/E/0<CR>
Impulse Input
The rainfall amount can be detected in a manner similar to rain collectors according to the tilting scale principle using impulse input to a data logger.
For the impulse output of the Parsivel, the following values apply:
Impulse output duration:
Pulse voltage:
Open circuit voltage:
Resolution:
250 ms
0V
5V
0.1 mm/impulse, output frequency 2 Hz
Connect the Parsivel as follows to the data logger with impulse input:
Power supply
11 36 V DC
+5 V
GND
11 36 V DC
R = 10 k
Impulse input
GND
Data logger
Parsivel
21
Status Input
With status input, it is possible to differentiate between solid and liquid precipitation. For the status output of the Parsivel, the following values apply:
Validity period:
Status voltage:
Connect the Parsivel as follows to the data logger with status input:
Power supply
11 36 V DC
+5 V
Parsivel
22
GND
VCC
R = 10 k
Status input
GND
Data logger
on
on
off
on
off
off
off
off
R = 120
R = 120
5
B (+)
A ()
2-wire communication
The Parsivel is configured at the factory for 2-wire communication. Connect the
Parsivel as follows to a 9-pin Sub-D socket (female):
Parsivel
Interface converter
RS-485/RS-232
solder side
23
B (+) OUT
4-wire communication
Connect the Parsivel as follows to a 9-pin Sub-D socket (female) for 4-wire
communication:
A () OUT
R = 120
1
B (+) IN
R = 120
A () IN
Parsivel
Interface converter
RS-485/RS-232
Solder side
24
RS-485, 4-wire
on
off
off
off
off
off
on
on
R = 120
2-wire communication
The Parsivel is configured at the factory for 2-wire communication. Connect the
Parsivel as follows to the 6-pin terminal of the interface converter:
A ()
R = 120
B (+)
Parsivel
Interface converter
RS-485/USB
6
5
A ()
B (+)
1
3
A ()
R = 120
R = 120
B (+)
5
6
4-wire communication
Connect the Parsivel as follows to the 6-pin terminal of the interface converter for
4-wire communication:
Parsivel
Interface converter
RS-485/USB
PThe Parsivel is configured at the factory for 2-wire communication. To switch the
Parsivel from 2-wire communication to 4-wire communication, proceed as described in Chapter 8.1 Connecting the Parsivel to an RS-485/RS-232 Interface
Converter (Accessories).
25
26
Information on the cable necessary for this can be found in Chapter 6.1 Cable
Selection.
Connect the power supply IP 20 or IP 67 to the Parsivel as shown in Figures 20
and 21.
AC L
AC N
GND
12/24 V DC V
3
1
12/24 V DC +V
Power supply
IP 20
Parsivel
N PE
SDI-12 GND
Digital Impulse
SDI-12 Data
RS-485 2-wire A ()
Power supply 11 36 V DC
Terminal connection of
Power supply IP 67
Parsivel
27
28
19200
8
none
1
none
29
Digits
Form
Units
01
0000.000
mm/h
02
0000.00
mm
03
00
04
00
05
+RASN
06
RLS+
07
00.000
dBz
08
0000
09
Sample interval
00000
10
00000
11
00000
12
000
13
123456
14
V1.01
15
V1.01
16
0.0
17
00.0
18
Sensor status
19
Date/
time measurement begins
20
01.01.2000
_00:00:00_
20
Sensor time
00:00:00
21
Sensor date
10
00.00.0000
22
Station name
10
XXXXXXXXXX
23
Station number
XXXX
25
Error code
000
30
00.000
mm/h
31
0000.0
mm/h
32
0000.00
mm
33
00.00
dBz
90
Field N (d)
223
00.000x
91
Field v (d)
223
00.000x
93
Raw data
4095
000x
94
84
0000x
95
84
0.00x
96
E Status
55
0000000x
97
P Status
55
0000000x
98
T Status
383
00000x
*The measurement value number must be selected based on the data logger used along with the corresponding number of bits.
30
200248
000.000
0000.00
00
07
08
12
10
11
18
-9.999
9999
025
15759
00000
0
31
Select the file *IOP.BIN under Filename using the Browse button; you had
previously stored this file on your PC.
Select the Xmodem protocol type from the Protocol selection window.
Confirm your input with Send. The Xmodem file send for Parsivel window
opens:
32
The data transfer runs and the window closes automatically after the data
transfer has finished.
Press <CR> repeatedly directly after closing the window.
Input the command SUP <CR>.
Parsivel answers with Start upload DSP Firmware with XMODEM/CRC.
Select Transfer | Send file in the menu bar.
The Send file window opens:
Select the file *DUP.BIN under Filename using the Browse button; you
had previously stored this file on your PC.
Select the Xmodem protocol type from the Protocol selection window.
Confirm your input with Send. The Xmodem file send for Parsivel window
opens:
The data transfer runs and the window closes automatically after the data transfer
has finished.
After the window has closed, input the command RUN <CR> to start Parsivel.
The firmware was successfully updated.
33
12 Maintenance
34
Danger of injury!
When working with the splash protector, danger of injury exists due to sharp
edges!
Be careful when handling the splash protector!
Wear gloves if necessary!
A splash protector is attached to each sensor head of the Parsivel. The splash
protector has many small holes that break up incident raindrops so that no secondary spectra are detected in the laser beam due to splashing. As soon as the
holes are plugged by bird droppings, pollen or similar material, the drops can no
longer be broken up and the splash protector has to be cleaned.
Hex screws
35
36
14 Technical data
Optical Sensor Laser Diode
Wavelength
Output Power
Laser Class
Beam Size (W x T)
Measurement Surface
Measuring range
Particle Size of Fluid Precipitates
Particle Size of Solid Precipitates
Particle Speed
Design
Weather Code
Current drawn
Interfaces
Electromagnetic tolerance
Lightning protection
Material
Weight
Temperature range
Protection
Size (H x W x T)
650 nm
3 mW
2
180 x 30 mm
54 cm2, Recognition of edge events
0.2 5 mm
0.2 25 mm
0.2 20 m/s
32 Precipitate Size Classes
32 Speed Classes
Radar Reflectivity Z
Outputs:
SYNOP wawa table 4680,
SYNOP ww table 4677,
NWS
METAR/SPECI ww table 4678
differentiation of the precipitate types drizzle, rain, hail, snow > 97% accurate compared to a weather observer
Measurement range (MOR) 100 5.000 m
0,001 mm/h drizzle rain
1200 mm/h
Microprocessor-controlled heating
11 36 V DC, reverse polarity protection
Optimum heating output of the sensor head
heating system can be guaranteed with a
power supply voltage of at least 20 V DC.
max. 2 A*
RS 485 1,200 57,600 Baud
half-duplex, 2-wire
RS 422 1,200 57,600 Baud,
half-duplex, 4-wire
SDI-12
Parsivel has an output relay for simple status information (rain or snow) and/or
impulse output for precipitation in 0.1 mm
increments with max. 2 Hz impulse rate
meets EN 61000-4-2 up to EN 61000-4-6
(10 V/m, 2 kV) for EMV requirements, CEcompliant
integrated
Galvanized aluminum housing
max. 5 kg
40 +70 C; 0 100 % relative
humidity
IP 67, resistant to salt spray
370 x 560 x 120 mm
37
38
CS/C/A/<parameter><CR>
Set bus address for RS-485 bus mode
Value range:
09
Standard:
0
CS/T/12:00:00<CR>
Adjust time of day
The time of day of the Parsivel is set to the time of day of the PC.
CS/D/01.01.2000<CR>
Adjust date
The date of the Parsivel is set to the calendar of the PC.
CS/S/E/<parameter><CR>
Set SDI-12 mode
Activate or deactivate the SDI-12 mode.
Value range:
01
Standard:
0
Description:
0 = SDI-12 mode deactivated
1 = SDI-12 mode activated
CS/S/A/<parameter><CR>
Set bus address for SDI-12 bus mode
This command sets the bus address for the SDI-12 bus mode.
Value range:
09
Standard:
0
CS/K/xxxxxxxxxx<CR>
Input station name
This command allows a user-specific station name to be used. This name can
encompass a maximum of 10 characters.
CS/K/PWS00001<CR>
Station name: PWS00001
CS/J/xxxx<CR>
Assign sensor ID
This command assigns a 4-digit sensor ID.
CS/M/M/<parameter><CR>
Select data telegram
The data telegram can be input in the command with the parameters 0 1.
Value range:
01
Standard:
0
Description:
0 = OTT telegram
1 = User telegram
CS/M/S/<CR>
STRING=><parameter><CR>
Set formatting string
You can create a data telegram that is optimized according to your needs. This
command sets the formatting string. The formatting string is placed in the <parameter> spot (see also Chapter 11.3 Defining the formatting string).
CS/Z/1<CR>
Restart sensor, reset the rain amount
CS/L<CR>
Output current configuration
CS/?<CR>
This command outputs the command list.
39
CS/H/M/<parameter><CR>
This command adjusts the operating mode of the heating system.
Value range:
Standard:
Description:
0
0
0
1
2
3
3
=
=
=
=
Off
Automatic
Imax
Imin
CS/H/X/<parameter><CR>
Adjust Imax
This command sets the maximum current through the heating system.
Value range:
Standard:
0 200
200
1/100 A
( = 2 A)
CS/H/N/<parameter><CR>
Adjust Imin
This command sets the minimum current through the heating system.
Value range:
Standard:
0 200
15
1/100 A
( = 0,15 A)
CS/H/T/<parameter><CR>
Set minimum temperature of the sensor heater.
This command sets the minimum temperature to which the sensor is heated.
Value range:
Standard:
40
-40 85 C
10
Class Average in mm
0.062
0.187
0.312
0.437
0.562
Class Spread in mm
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
6
7
8
9
10
0.687
0.812
0.937
1.062
1.187
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
11
12
13
14
15
1.375
1.625
1.875
2.125
2.375
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
0.250
16
17
18
19
20
2.750
3.250
3.750
4.250
4.750
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.500
21
22
23
24
25
5.500
6.500
7.500
8.500
9.500
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
26
27
28
29
30
11.000
13.000
15.000
17.000
19.000
2.000
2.000
2.000
2.000
2.000
31
32
21.500
24.500
3.000
3.000
Note:
Class 1 and Class 2 are limits and are not evaluated at the current time in measurements using the Parsivel since they are outside the measurement range of the
device.
41
42
Class Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.550
0.650
0.750
0.850
0.950
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.100
11
12
13
14
15
1.100
1.300
1.500
1.700
1.900
0.200
0.200
0.200
0.200
0.200
16
17
18
19
20
2.200
2.600
3.000
3.400
3.800
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
0.400
21
22
23
24
25
4.400
5.200
6.000
6.800
7.600
0.800
0.800
0.800
0.800
0.800
26
27
28
29
30
8.800
10.400
12.000
13.600
15.200
1.600
1.600
1.600
1.600
1.600
31
32
17.600
20.800
3.200
3.200
Appendix C:
From the classification of precipitation particles, Parsivel calculates the rain rate.
The type of precipitation is based on the number of particles within the measurement range, and the precipitation code is determined from the precipitation intensity R (in mm/h of an equivalent amount of water).
Drizzle
Intensity
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
strong
0.2
0.2 0.5
0.5
51
52
53
51
53
55
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
strong
0.2
0.2 0.5
0.5
57
58
58
58
59
59
Rain
Intensity
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
strong
0.2
0.5 4.0
4.0
61
62
63
61
63
65
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
0.5
> 0.5
67
68
68
69
Snow
Intensity
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
strong
0.5
0.5 4.0
4.0
71
72
73
71
73
75
Snow grains
Intensity
Rain rate [mm/h]
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
strong
77
77
77
77
77
77
Freezing rain
Intensity
Rain rate [mm/h]
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
0.4
> 0.4
87
88
87
88
Hail
Intensity
Tab. 4680
Tab. 4677
light
moderate
7.5
7.5
89
89
89
90
0.5
0.5 4.0
4.0
43
44
Drizzle
Intensity
NWS
Tab. 4678
light
moderate
strong
0.2
0.2 0.5
0.5
L
L
L+
DZ
DZ
+DZ
NWS
Tab. 4678
light
moderate
strong
0.2
0.2 0.5
0.5
RL
RL
RL+
RADZ
RADZ
+RADZ
Rain
Intensity
NWS
Tab. 4678
light
moderate
strong
0.2
0.5 7.5
7.5
R
R
R+
RA
RA
+RA
NWS
Tab. 4678
light
moderate
strong
RLS
RLS
RLS+
0.5
> 0.5
Snow
Intensity
NWS
light
moderate
strong
0.5
0.5 2.5
2.5
S
S
S+
Snow grains
Intensity
Rain rate [mm/h]
NWS
light
moderate
strong
SG
SG
SG
0.5
0.5 4.0
4.0
Freezing rain
Intensity
Rain rate [mm/h]
NWS
light
moderate
strong
SP
SP
SP
0.4
> 0.4
RASN
RASN
+RASN
Tab. 4678
SN
SN
+SN
Tab. 4678
SG
SG
+SG
Tab. 4678
GS
GS
+GS
Hail
Intensity
NWS
Tab. 4678
light
moderate
7.5
7.5
A
A
GR
GR
45
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