CST UGM 2009

UWB Antenne Simulation with

CST MICROWAVE STUDIO

Dr. Frank Demming-Janssen

Design from: A novel tapered slot CPW-fed antenna for ultra-wideband applications and its on/off-body performance.
Atiqur Rahman, Yang Hao, Member IEEE
Department of Electronic Engineering, Queen Mary, University of London
IWAT 2007

www.cst.com

Outline

UWB Basics
UWB-Antenna Characterization
CST MWS Feature Overview for UWB
Antennas/Online Demo
Question/Discussion

www.cst.com

UWB Basics
S-Parameter
Pulse communication: no carrier frequency
Pulse spectrum of UWB transmissions pulse in
the range from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz
UWB is aimed at high data rates for personalarea networks
Excitation Pulse and Farfield signal
Main challenge for Antenna :
UWB characteristic of return loss
- simulation possible with any 3D Field
Solver (FD, TD, MoM)
Ability to preserve the pulse shape of the
transmitted signal in the Farfield
- Natural Solver Choice: TD Solvers!

www.cst.com

Specialty of UWB Antennas

Broadband antenna design is often based on frequency independent antennas
These antennas work well for multi band applications but perform badly for UWB
because of pulse distortion

Input pulse at port

Log Spiral Antenna

Pulse shape in Farfield

S-Parameter

www.cst.com

UWB-Antenna Characterization
Characterization of the UWB Antenna performance by
Group delay of the transmitted signal
Direct comparison of excitation and transmitted signal (signal crosscorrelation)
Group delay is a measure of the transit time of a signal through a device
versus frequency. The variations in group delay cause signal distortion. Const.
group delay -> perfect signal transmission

group delay = -

The cross-correlation is a measure of similarity of two waveforms as a function

of a time-lag applied to one of them. Cross-Correlation of 1 -> perfect signal
transmission

cross - correlation =

f ( ) g (t + )d

www.cst.com

Extraction of Group Delay and CrossCorrelation

Group delay and Cross Correlation are secondary data and can be extracted
using the template based post processing features in CST MWS

-> Online Demo

(later)

www.cst.com

Features Overview for UWB Antennas

Arbitrary time signals
- Gauss Derivatives
- 1st, 2nd.. order Rayleigh
- User Defined
- Tabulated Values
- Transient Pulse from Circuit Simulation
Time Domain Monitoring
- Broadband Farfield Monitor
- Farfield Probe Response
Advanced Signal Processing of Time and
Frequency Response including optimization of
processed signals
- Power Spectrum Density
- Correlation
- Standard Operations (DFTs, FFTs)
7

www.cst.com

Choice of excitation signal

Signal Library

VBA scripting of
arbitrary time
functions

Tabulated values

www.cst.com

Time Domain Results

Port Signal Response

Excitation and Reflected Signal

Power Spectrum
Density of
Excitation Signal

www.cst.com

Time Domain Results

Broadband Farfield Monitor
Farfield Time
Response

Farfield Frequency
Domain Response

10

www.cst.com

Time Domain Results

Time Domain Fields

Surface Currents

E/H Fields

11

www.cst.com

Time Domain Results

Farfield Pulse Response

Pulse Response at arbitrary farfield position

12

www.cst.com

Advance Signal Processing

Signal Processing

List can be
extended by
user specify
operations

13

www.cst.com

Advance Signal Processing

Cross-Correlation Function
Load Port
and Probe
Signal

Time Delay
Max. Correlation
Select post
processing step

14

www.cst.com

UWB Performance of Log Spiral

Cross Correlation
- no main peak -

15

Farfield Group Delay

- large runtime difference -

www.cst.com

Surface Currents

At low frequency, the

full antenna length is
used.

16

www.cst.com

Farfield

17

www.cst.com

UWB Antenna Test Vehicle

Online Demo

Design from: A novel tapered slot CPW-fed antenna for ultra-wideband applications and its on/off-body performance.
Atiqur Rahman, Yang Hao, Member IEEE
Department of Electronic Engineering, Queen Mary, University of London
IWAT 2007

18

www.cst.com

Broadband S-Parameter
Comparison FD Solver TD Solver
Close match

19

www.cst.com

UWB Performance of Tapered Slot CPW

Antenna

Cross Correlation
single main peak

20

Farfield Group Delay

almost flat response

www.cst.com

Design Variations
Conformal UWB Antenna

Easy conformal
modeling with
special bending
feature
21

www.cst.com

Design Variations
Conformal UWB Antenna

Cross Correlation
S-Parameter
22

www.cst.com

Design Variations
Near and Farfield Results

23

www.cst.com

Thank you

24

www.cst.com