16MariaCaulineFang

Exercise 8 Miscellaneous Inorganic Pharmaceutical Agents

1.Oxygen,CarbonDioxide,Helium,Nitrousoxide,andNitrogen.
2.
COMPOUNDS
SYNONYMS
USES

Oxygen
Dephlogisticatedair,airevital,FireAir,AirePuro

Inhalantforpathologicalconditionsaccompaniedbycyanosisanddyspnea.

Antidoteforcarbonmonoxide,coalgas,nitrousoxide,chloroform,etc.Poisoning.

CarbonDioxide
Carbonicacidgas,carbonicanhydride

Respiratorystimulantforpersonssufferingfromimpairmentofrespiratoryorgans.

(frozenform)treatmentofskinconditionssuchasacne,psoriasis,angiomas,eczema,
calluses,moles,andwarts.

(solution)carbonatedbeverages

Helium

Usedinrespiratorydiseasestoovercomedifficultyinrespiration.

Nitrousoxide
Laughinggas,nitrogenmonoxide,dinitrogenmonoxide

Momentaryanesthesia.

Nitrogen
azote

Increaseshelflifeofeasilyoxidizedproduct.

Ammoniumcarbonate
Prestonsalt,SalVolatile,BakersAmmonia,Ammoniumsesquicarbonate

Leaveningagent

Aromaticammniaspirit

Respiratorystimulant

Ammoniumchloride
Salammoniac,Salmiac,AmmoniumMuriate

Expectorant,electrolyte,systemicacidifier,chloridereplenisher

Potassiumiodide
Kaliumjodatum

Expectorant,antifungalagent,antitussiveagent

Treatmentofgoiter

Sodiumnitrite
Natrium,nitrosum

Cyanidepoisoning

Sodiumthiosulfate
Antichlorhypo

Cyanideadiodinepoisoning

photography

activatedcharcoal

Carbonligni

generalpurposeantidote

cupricsulfate
Bluevitriol,bluestone,coppersulphate,caparrosaazul,piedralipis

phosphoruspoisoning

emetic,astringent

calciumsulfate
Gypsum,alabaster,satinspar,lightspar

rechargeablelaboratoryandindustrialdesiccant(drierite)

supportivecasts(plasterofparis)

Collidalsilicondioxide

Suspendingandthickeningagent

bentonite
Soapclay,mineralsoap,wilkinite

suspendingagent,stabilizer,detergentagent,clarifyingagent.

3.

OxygenGreen

HeliumBrown

Carbondioxidegray/green

Nitrogenblack

4.80partsfheliumand2partsofoxygen
5.Withnitricoxide:oxygenformsreddishbrownvaporsofNO2andN2O3whilenitrousoxidewillnot
haveanyreaction.
6.Itisusedasamomentaryanesthesiafortheextractionofteeth,openingoftheabscessandthelike.
7. It helps increase the urge to breath.
8. The only official inorganic agent used as respiratory stimulant is Aromatic Ammonia Spirit which is
composed of two active ingredients: Ammonium Carbonate and Strong Ammonia Solution.
9. Expectorants are used orally to stimulate the floe of respiratory tract secretions. They are used in
the treatment of respiratory disorders in which secretions are purulent, viscid or excessive.
10. It is an agent that counteracts a poison. The mechanism of antidotal action usually occurs in one
of three ways:
1. By counteracting the effects of a poison by producing other effects (physiological antidote)
2. By changing the chemical nature of the poison (chemical antidote)
3. By preventing the adsorption of the poison into the body (mechanical antidote)
11. Some of tableting aids are diluents (ex: Calcium Sulfate, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide), lubricants
(ex:Calcium Stearate, Magnesium Stearate), and suspending agents(ex: Bentonite)

12. Bentonite has a property of adsorbing large amounts of water enables it to form highly viscous
suspensions.