Comandos MuPAD

MuPAD
MuPAD Language Fundamentals

Entering Commands
:=
Assign variables
Statement sequences
...
Convert to a floating-point interval
_index
Indexed access
indexval
Indexed access to arrays and tables without evaluation
last
Access a previously computed object
reset
Re-initialize a session
unit
Physical units
help
Display a help page
info
Prints short information
delete
Delete the value of an identifier
freeIndets
Free indeterminates of an expression
genident
Create an unused identifier
id
Identity map
indets
Indeterminates of an expression
val
Value of an object
alias
Defines an abbreviation or a macro
unalias
Deletes an alias-definition
anames
Identifiers that have values or properties
unuse
Undo the use command
use
Use library functions by a short name
Operators and Elementary Operations

Arithmetic Operations
_invert
Reciprocal of an expression
_subtract
Subtract expressions
Set Operations
append
Add elements to a list
card
Cardinality of a set
contains
Test if an entry exists in a container
in
Membership
intersect
Intersection of sets and/or intervals
minus
Difference of sets and/or intervals
union
Union of sets and/or intervals
revert
Revert polynomials, lists, character strings and tables, invert series expansions
universe
Set-theoretical universe
zip
Combine lists
Expression Trees and Precedence
misc::genassop
Generates an n-ary associative operator from a binary one
Special Values
FAIL
Indicate a failed computation
NIL
Singleton element of the domain DOM_NIL
null
Generate the void object of type DOM_NULL
TRUE
Boolean constant TRUE
FALSE
Boolean constant FALSE
UNKNOWN
Boolean constant UNKNOWN
undefined
Undefined value
solvelib::BasicSet
Basic infinite sets
C_
Complex numbers
R_
Real numbers
Q_
Rational numbers
Z_
Integers
N_
Positive integers
Data Types
Data Structures
Common Operations
Concatenate objects
..
Range operator
assign
Perform assignments given as equations
assignElements
Assign values to entries of an array, a list, or a table
length
The "length" of a object (heuristic complexity)
match
Pattern matching
nops
Number of operands
op
Operands of an object
piecewise
Domain of conditionally defined objects
select
Select operands
split
Split an object
sysorder
Compare objects according to the internal order
table
Create a table
numeric::indets
Search for indeterminates
prog::exprtree
Visualize an expression as tree
prog::find
Find operands of objects
prog::sort
Sort objects by an index function
Operations on Lists
listlib::insert
Insert an element into a list
listlib::insertAt
Insert an element into a list at a given position
listlib::merge
Merging two ordered lists
listlib::removeDuplicates Removes duplicate entries

listlib::removeDupSorted
Remove duplicates of any element from ordered lists
listlib::setDifference
Remove elements from a list
listlib::singleMerge
Merging of two ordered lists without duplicates
listlib::sublist
Search sublists
numeric::sort
Sort a numerical list
poly2list
Convert a polynomial to a list of terms
sort
Sort a list
text2list
Split a character string into a list of substrings
Operations on Strings
stringlib::collapseWhitespac
e
Collapse whitespace in strings
stringlib::contains
Test for substring
stringlib::format
Formatting a string
stringlib::formatf
Convert a floating-point number to a string
stringlib::formatTime
Textual description of a time length
stringlib::lower
Convert to lower-case
stringlib::maskMeta
Mask regular expression special characters
stringlib::order
Sorting procedure for Sort
stringlib::pos
Position of a substring
stringlib::random
Create a random string
stringlib::readText
Read text file
stringlib::remove
Delete substrings
stringlib::split
Split a string
stringlib::subs
Substitution in a string
stringlib::subsop
Substitution in a string
stringlib::upper
Convert to upper-case
stringlib::validIdent
Validate identifier name
strmatch
Match pattern in character string
substring
Extract a substring from a string
Identification
Indeterminates, Expressions, Equations, Constants
Type::AlgebraicConstant
Type representing algebraic constants
Type::Arithmetical
Type representing arithmetical objects
Type::Boolean
Type representing boolean expressions
Type::ConstantIdents
Set of constant identifiers in MuPAD
Type::Constant
Type representing constant objects
Type::Equation
Type representing equations
Type::Function
Type representing functions
Type::IndepOf
Type representing objects that do not contain given identifiers
Type::Indeterminate
Type representing indeterminates
Type::Property
Type representing any property
Type::Relation
Type representing relations
Type::Unknown
Type representing variables
Numbers
Type::NegInt
Type and property representing negative integers
Type::NegRat
Type and property representing negative rational numbers
Type::Negative
Type and property representing negative numbers
Type::NonNegInt
Type and property representing nonnegative integers
Type::NonNegRat
Type and property representing nonnegative rational numbers
Type::NonNegative
Type and property representing nonnegative numbers
Type::PosInt
Type and property representing positive integers
Type::PosRat
Type and property representing positive rational numbers
Type::Positive
Type and property representing positive numbers
Type::NonZero
Type and property representing "unequal to zero"
Type::Zero
Type and property representing zero
Type::Complex
Type and property representing complex numbers
Type::Imaginary
Type and property representing imaginary numbers
Type::Real
Type and property representing real numbers
Type::Even
Type and property representing even integers
Type::Integer
Type and property representing integers
Type::Numeric
Type representing numerical objects
Type::Odd
Type and property representing odd integers
Type::Prime
Type representing prime numbers
Type::Rational
Type and property representing rational numbers
Type::Residue
Property representing a residue class
Data Structures
Type::Interval
Property representing intervals
Type::ListOf
Type representing lists of objects with the same type
Type::ListProduct
Type representing lists
Type::Intersection
Type representing the intersection of several types
Type::PolyExpr
Type representing polynomial expressions
Type::PolyOf
Type representing polynomials
Type::Product
Type representing sequences
Type::RatExpr
Type representing rational expressions
Type::SequenceOf
Type representing sequences
Type::Series
Type representing truncated Puiseux, Laurent, and Taylor series expansions
Type::SetOf
Type representing sets
Type::Set
Type representing set-theoretic expressions
Type::Singleton
Type representing exactly one object
Type::TableOfEntry
Type representing tables with specified entries
Type::TableOfIndex
Type representing tables with specified indices
Type::TableOf
Type representing tables
Type::Union
Type representing several types as one type object
Type Checking
domtype
Data type of an object
has
Check if an object occurs in another object
hastype
Test if an object of a specified type occurs in another object
testtype
Syntactical type checking
type
Type of an object
Type::AnyType
Type representing arbitrary MuPAD objects
Type::Predicate
Type for testing object satisfying a given predicate
Conversion
coerce
Type conversion
expr
Convert into an element of a basic domain
expr2text
Convert objects into character strings
int2text
Convert an integer to a character string
interval
Convert constant subexpressions to intervals
strprint
Print into string
tbl2text
Concatenate the strings in a table
text2expr
Convert a character string to an expression
text2int
Convert a character string to an integer
text2list
Split a character string into a list of substrings
text2tbl
Split a character string into a table of substrings
linalg::expr2Matrix
Construct a matrix from equations
prog::exprlist
Convert an expression into a nested list
MuPAD Symbols and Special Characters
Symbol::accentPrime
Adds a prime accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentAsterisk
Adds an asterisk accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentTilde
Adds a tilde accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentHat
Adds a hat accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentRightArrow
Adds a right arrow accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentDot
Adds a dot accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentDoubleDot
Adds a double dot accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentTripleDot
Adds a triple dot accent to an identifier
Symbol::accentOverBar
Adds an overbar to an identifier
Symbol::accentUnderBar
Adds an underbar to an identifier
Symbol::new
Functional access to symbols
Symbol::subScript
Combines two expressions to a new subscripted identifier
Symbol::subSuperScript
Combines three expressions to a new combined sub- and superscripted identifier
Symbol::superScript
Combines two expressions to a new superscripted identifier
Mathematics
Equation Solving
Symbolic Solvers
linsolve
Solve a system of linear equations
poles
Poles of expression or function
rec
Domain of recurrence equations
RootOf
Set of roots of a polynomial
solve
Solve equations and inequalities
testeq
Check the mathematical equivalence of expressions
solvelib::pdioe
Solve polynomial Diophantine equations
Numeric Solvers
numeric::butcher
Butcher parameters of Runge-Kutta schemes
numeric::cubicSpline
Interpolation by cubic splines
numeric::cubicSpline2d
Interpolation by 2-dimensional bi-cubic splines
numeric::fsolve
Search for a numerical root of a system of equations
numeric::leastSquares
Least squares solution of linear equations
numeric::linsolve
Solve a system of linear equations
numeric::matlinsolve
Solve a linear matrix equation
numeric::odesolve
Numerical solution of an ordinary differential equation
numeric::odesolve2
Numerical solution of an ordinary differential equation
numeric::odesolveGeometri
c
Numerical solution of an ordinary differential equation on a homogeneous manifold
numeric::ode2vectorfield
Convert an ode system to vectorfield notation
numeric::odeToVectorField
Convert an ode system to vectorfield notation
numeric::solve
Numerical solution of equations (the float attribute of solve)
Ordinary Differential Equations
ode::exponentialSolutions Exponential solutions of a homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation

ode::polynomialSolutions
Polynomial solutions of a homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation
ode::rationalSolutions
Rational solutions of a homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation
ode::series
Series solutions of an ordinary differential equation
ode::solve
Solving ordinary differential equations
ode
Domain of ordinary differential equations
ode::companionSystem
Companion matrix of a linear homogeneous ordinary differential equation
ode::cyclicVector
Transforms a linear differential system to an equivalent linear differential system with a

companion matrix.
ode::dAlembert
D'Alembert reduction of a linear homogeneous ordinary differential equation
ode::evalOde
Applies an expression at a linear ordinary differential equation
ode::exponents
Exponents of a linear ordinary differential equation
ode::getOrder
Order of an ordinary differential equation
ode::indicialEquation
Indicial equation of a linear ordinary differential equation
ode::isFuchsian
Tests if a homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation is of Fuchsian type
ode::isLODE
Test for a linear ordinary differential equation
ode::mkODE
Builds a linear homogeneous ordinary differential equation from a list of coefficient

functions
ode::normalize
Normalized form of a linear ordinary differential equation
ode::ratSys
Rational solutions of a first order homogeneous linear differential system
ode::scalarEquation
Transforms a linear differential system to an equivalent scalar linear differential equation
ode::symmetricPower
Symmetric power of a homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation
ode::unimodular
Unimodular transformation of a linear ordinary differential equation
ode::vectorize
Coefficients of a homogeneous linear ODE
ode::wronskian
Wronskian of functions or of a linear homogeneous ordinary differential equation
Properties and Assumptions
assume
Set permanent assumption
assumeAlso
Add permanent assumption
assuming
Set temporary assumption
assumingAlso
Add temporary assumption
getprop
Query properties of expressions
is
Check a mathematical property of an expression
iszero
Generic zero test
property::depends
Dependence table with all properties of an expression
property::hasprop
Does an object have properties?
property::showprops
What assumptions are made?
unassume
Delete the properties of an identifier
Utilities for the Solver
solvelib::cartesianPower
Cartesian power of a set
solvelib::cartesianProduc
t
Cartesian product of sets
solvelib::conditionalSort
Possible sortings of a list depending on parameters
solvelib::getElement
Get one element of a set
solvelib::isEmpty
Predicate expressing the emptyness of a set
solvelib::isFinite
Test whether a set is finite
solvelib::preImage
Preimage of a set under a mapping
solvelib::splitVectorSet
Factor a set of vectors into a cartesian product
solvelib::Union
Union of a system of sets
solvelib::VectorImageSet
Domain of set of vectors that are images of sets under mappings
Differential Algebraic Equations
daetools::findDecoupledBlocks
Search for decoupled blocks in systems of equations
daetools::incidenceMatrix
Find incidence matrix of system of equations
daetools::isLowIndexDAE
Check if differential index of system equations is lower than 2
daetools::massMatrixForm
Extract mass matrix and right side of semilinear system of differential
algebraic equations
daetools::reduceDAEIndex
Convert system of first-order differential algebraic equations to equivalent

system of differential index 1
daetools::reduceDAEToODE
Convert system of first-order quasilinear differential algebraic equations to

equivalent system of differential index 0
daetools::reduceDifferentialOrde
r
Reduce systems of higher-order differential equations to systems of first-order

differential equations
daetools::reduceRedundancies
Simplify system of first-order differential algebraic equations by eliminating

redundant equations and variables
Formula Manipulation and Simplification

Simplification
factorout
Factor out a given expression
normal
Normalize an expression
radsimp
Simplify radicals in arithmetical expressions
Rule
Defining equivalence rules for mathematical expressions
simplify
Simplify an expression
Simplify
Simplify an expression
simplifyFraction
simplifyRadical
Formula Rearrangement and Rewriting
collect
Collect terms with the same powers
combine
Combine terms of same algebraic structure
denom
Denominator of a rational expression
expand
Expand an expression
factor
Factor a polynomial into irreducible polynomials
factorout
Factor out a given expression
isolate
Isolate variable or expression from equation
lhs
Left hand side of equations, inequalities, relations, intervals, ranges and tables
rhs
Right hand side of equations, inequalities, relations, intervals, ranges and tables
normal
simplifyFraction
numer
Numerator of a rational expression
partfrac
Partial fraction decomposition
radsimp
simplifyRadical
rationalize
Transform an expression into a rational expression
rectform
Rectangular form of a complex expression
rewrite
Rewrite an expression
Substitution
subs
Substitute into an object
subset
Relation "is a subset of"
subsex
Extended substitution
subsop
Replace operands
Evaluation
block
Create an object protected against evaluation
blockIdents
Create a transparent block with some identifiers protected against evaluation
blockTransparent
Create a transparent block protected against evaluation
unblock
Replace blocks by their contents
context
Evaluate an object in the enclosing context
eval
Evaluate an object
evalassign
Assignment with evaluation of the left hand side
evalAt
Insert a value (evaluate at a point)
evalp
Evaluate a polynomial at a point
freeze
Create an inactive copy of a function
unfreeze
Create an active copy of a frozen function
hold
Delay evaluation
LEVEL
Substitution depth of identifiers
level
Evaluate an object with a specified substitution depth
MAXDEPTH
Prevent infinite recursion during procedure calls
MAXEFFORT
Maximum amount of work to spend on the computation
MAXLEVEL
Prevent infinite recursion during evaluation
assume
assumeAlso
assuming
assumingAlso
getprop
is
iszero
Generic zero test
property::depends
property::hasprop
property::showprops
unassume
Calculus
Differentiation
Differential operator for functions
diff
Differentiate an expression or a polynomial
Integration
int
Definite and indefinite integrals
int::addpattern
Add patterns for integration
intlib::byparts
Integration by parts
intlib::changevar
Change of variable
intlib::intOverSet
Integration over a set
intlib::printWarnings
Enable or disable warnings
numeric::gldata
Weights and abscissae of Gauss-Legendre quadrature
numeric::gtdata
Weights and abscissae of Gauss-Tschebyscheff quadrature
numeric::int
Numerical integration (the Float attribute of Int )
numeric::ncdata
Weights and abscissae of Newton-Cotes quadrature
numeric::quadrature
Numerical integration ( Quadrature )
Vector Analysis
curl
Curl of a vector field
divergence
Divergence of a vector field
gradient
Vector gradient
hessian
Hessian matrix of a scalar function
jacobian
Jacobian matrix of a vector function
laplacian
The Laplacian
potential
The (scalar) potential of a gradient field
vectorPotential
Vector potential of a three-dimensional vector field
Series
Expansion
asympt
Compute an asymptotic series expansion
mtaylor
Compute a multivariate Taylor series expansion
Domain of order terms (Landau symbols)
ORDER
Default number of terms in series expansions
pade
Pade approximation
series
Compute a generalized series expansion
taylor
Compute a Taylor series expansion
theta
Theta series
Summation
sum
Definite and indefinite summation
sum::addpattern
Add patterns for definite and indefinite summation
numeric::sum
Numerical approximation of sums (the Float attribute of Sum )
Products
product
Definite and indefinite products
numeric::product
Numerical approximation of products
Limits
limit
Compute a limit
Transforms
Fourier and Laplace Transforms
fourier
Fourier transform
ifourier
Inverse Fourier transform
ilaplace
Inverse Laplace transform
laplace
Laplace transform
Pref::fourierParameters
Specify parameters for Fourier and inverse Fourier transforms
Z-Transform
iztrans
Inverse Z transform
ztrans
Z transform
Fast Fourier Transform
numeric::fft
Fast Fourier Transform
numeric::invfft
Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
New Patterns for Transforms
fourier::addpattern
Add patterns for the Fourier transform
ifourier::addpattern
Add patterns for the inverse Fourier transform
ilaplace::addpattern
Add patterns for the inverse Laplace transform
iztrans::addpattern
Add patterns for the inverse Z transform
laplace::addpattern
Add patterns for the Laplace transform
ztrans::addpattern
Add patterns for the Z transform
assume
assumeAlso
assuming
assumingAlso
getprop
is
iszero
Generic zero test
property::depends
property::hasprop
property::showprops
unassume
Linear Algebra
Matrix and Vector Construction
array
Create an array
bernstein
Bernstein polynomials
bernsteinMatrix
Bernstein matrix
densematrix
Create a matrix or a vector
doprint
Print large matrices
hfarray
Create an array of hardware floats
matrix
Create a matrix or a vector
hessian
jacobian
linalg::hessenberg
Hessenberg matrix
linalg::hilbert
Hilbert matrix
linalg::invhilbert
Inverse of a Hilbert matrix
linalg::invpascal
Inverse of a Pascal matrix
linalg::pascal
Pascal matrix
linalg::randomMatrix
Generate a random matrix
linalg::toeplitz
Toeplitz matrix
linalg::vandermonde
Vandermonde matrices and their inverses
linalg::invvandermonde
Vandermonde matrices and their inverses
linalg::wiedemann
Solving linear systems by Wiedemann's algorithm
Matrix Operations and Transformations
linalg::addCol
Linear combination of matrix columns
linalg::addRow
Linear combination of matrix rows
linalg::col
Extract columns of a matrix
linalg::delCol
Delete matrix columns
linalg::delRow
Delete matrix rows
linalg::multCol
Multiply columns with a scalar
linalg::multRow
Multiply rows with a scalar
linalg::row
Extract rows of a matrix
linalg::setCol
Change a column of a matrix
linalg::setRow
Change a row of a matrix
linalg::swapCol
Swap two columns in a matrix
linalg::swapRow
Swap two rows in a matrix
inverse
Inverse of a matrix
transpose
Transpose of a matrix
htranspose
The Hermitian transpose of a matrix
linalg::pseudoInverse
Moore-Penrose inverse of a matrix
numeric::inverse
Inverse of a matrix
lllint
Compute an LLL-reduced basis of a lattice
norm
Compute the norm of a matrix, a vector, or a polynomial
linalg::concatMatrix
Join matrices horizontally
linalg::crossProduct
Cross product of three-dimensional vectors
linalg::kroneckerProduct
Kronecker product of matrices
linalg::normalize
Normalize a vector
linalg::ogCoordTab
Table of orthogonal coordinate transformations
linalg::scalarProduct
Scalar product of vectors
linalg::stackMatrix
Join matrices vertically
linalg::submatrix
Extract a submatrix or a subvector from a matrix or a vector, respectively
linalg::substitute
Replace a part of a matrix by another matrix
linalg::sylvester
Sylvester matrix of two polynomials
numeric::rotationMatrix
Orthogonal matrix of the rotation about an axis
Linear Equations
det
Determinant of a matrix
norm
linalg::cond
Condition number of a matrix
linalg::matlinsolve
Solving systems of linear equations
linalg::matlinsolveLU
Solving the linear system given by an LU decomposition
linalg::rank
Rank of a matrix
linalg::toeplitzSolve
Solve a linear Toeplitz system
linalg::vandermondeSolve
Solve a linear Vandermonde system
numeric::det
numeric::inverse
Inverse of a matrix
numeric::rank
Numerical estimate of the rank of a matrix
Matrix Decomposition
linalg::factorCholesky
The Cholesky decomposition of a matrix
linalg::factorLU
LU-decomposition of a matrix
linalg::factorQR
QR-decomposition of a matrix
linalg::frobeniusForm
Frobenius form of a matrix
linalg::hermiteForm
Hermite normal form of a matrix
linalg::inverseLU
Computing the inverse of a matrix using LU-decomposition
linalg::jordanForm
Jordan normal form of a matrix
linalg::smithForm
Smith canonical form of a matrix
numeric::factorCholesky
Cholesky factorization of a matrix
numeric::factorLU
LU factorization of a matrix
numeric::factorQR
QR factorization of a matrix
numeric::singularvalues
Numerical singular values of a matrix
numeric::singularvectors
Numerical singular value decomposition of a matrix
numeric::svd
Numerical singular value decomposition of a matrix
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
linalg::eigenvalues
Eigenvalues of a matrix
linalg::eigenvectors
Eigenvectors of a matrix
numeric::eigenvalues
Numerical eigenvalues of a matrix
numeric::eigenvectors
Numerical eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix
linalg::jordanForm
Jordan normal form of a matrix
numeric::spectralRadius
Spectral radius of a matrix
Vector Spaces and Subspaces
linalg::basis
Basis for a vector space
linalg::gaussElim
Gaussian elimination
linalg::gaussJordan
Gauss-Jordan elimination
linalg::intBasis
Basis for the intersection of vector spaces
linalg::matdim
Dimension of a matrix
linalg::nrows
Number of rows of a matrix
linalg::nullspace
Basis for the null space of a matrix
linalg::orthog
Orthogonalization of vectors
linalg::rank
Rank of a matrix
linalg::sumBasis
Basis for the sum of vector spaces
linalg::vecdim
Number of components of a vector
numeric::rank
Numerical estimate of the rank of a matrix
Matrix Analysis
curl
Curl of a vector field
det
divergence
Divergence of a vector field
gradient
Vector gradient
hessian
jacobian
laplacian
The Laplacian
norm
potential
The (scalar) potential of a gradient field
vectorPotential
Vector potential of a three-dimensional vector field
numeric::det
linalg::adjoint
Adjoint of a matrix
linalg::angle
Angle between two vectors
linalg::charmat
Characteristic matrix
linalg::cond
Condition number of a matrix
linalg::isHermitian
Checks whether a matrix is Hermitian
linalg::isPosDef
Test a matrix for positive definiteness
linalg::isUnitary
Test whether a matrix is unitary
linalg::ncols
Number of columns of a matrix
linalg::nonZeros
Number of non-zero elements of a matrix
linalg::nrows
Number of rows of a matrix
linalg::permanent
Permanent of a matrix
linalg::tr
Trace of a matrix
linalg::vectorOf
Type specifier for vectors
Matrix Functions
funm
General matrix function
linalg::sqrtMatrix
Square root of a matrix
numeric::expMatrix
Exponential of a matrix
numeric::fMatrix
Functional calculus for numerical square matrices
assume
assumeAlso
assuming
assumingAlso
getprop
is
iszero
Generic zero test
property::depends
property::hasprop
property::showprops
unassume
Polynomial Algebra
Polynomial Creation
genpoly
Create a polynomial using b-adic expansion
laguerreL
Laguerre polynomials and L function
orthpoly::chebyshev1
The Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind
orthpoly::chebyshev2
The Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind
orthpoly::curtz
The Curtz polynomials
orthpoly::gegenbauer
The Gegenbauer (ultraspherical) polynomials
orthpoly::hermite
The Hermite polynomials
orthpoly::jacobi
The Jacobi polynomials
orthpoly::laguerre
The (generalized) Laguerre polynomials
orthpoly::legendre
The Legendre polynomials
poly
Create a polynomial
polylib::cyclotomic
Cyclotomic polynomials
polylib::elemSym
Elementary symmetric polynomials
polylib::Poly
Domain of polynomials
polylib::randpoly
Create a random polynomial
Polynomial Manipulation
divide
Divide polynomials
interpolate
Polynomial interpolation
irreducible
Test irreducibility of a polynomial
pdivide
Pseudo-division of polynomials
linalg::charpoly
Characteristic polynomial of a matrix
linalg::companion
Companion matrix of a univariate polynomial
linalg::minpoly
Minimal polynomial of a matrix
polylib::decompose
Functional decomposition of a polynomial
polylib::discrim
Discriminant of a polynomial
polylib::divisors
Divisors of a polynomial, polynomial expression, or Factored element
polylib::Dpoly
Differential operator for polynomials
polylib::makerat
Convert expression into rational function over a suitable field
polylib::minpoly
Approximate minimal polynomial
polylib::primitiveElement
Primitive element for tower of field extensions
polylib::primpart
Primitive part of a polynomial
polylib::representByElemSy
m
Represent symmetric by elementary symmetric polynomials
polylib::resultant
Resultant of two polynomials
polylib::splitfield
Splitting field of a polynomial
polylib::sqrfree
Square-free factorization of polynomials
polylib::subresultant
Subresultants of two polynomials
polylib::support
Support of a polynomial
Elements of Polynomials
coeff
Coefficients of a polynomial
content
Content of a polynomial
degree
Degree of a polynomial
degreevec
Exponents of the leading term of a polynomial
icontent
Content of a polynomial with rational coefficients
lcoeff
Leading coefficient of a polynomial
ldegree
Lowest degree of the terms in a polynomial
lmonomial
Leading monomial of a polynomial
lterm
Leading term of a polynomial
mapcoeffs
Apply a function to the coefficients of a polynomial
monomials
Sorted list of monomials of a polynomial
multcoeffs
Multiply the coefficients of a polynomial with a factor
nterms
Number of terms of a polynomial
nthcoeff
N-th non-zero coefficient of a polynomial
nthmonomial
N-th monomial of a polynomial
nthterm
N-th term of a polynomial
poly2list
Convert a polynomial to a list of terms
polylib::coeffRing
Coefficient ring of a polynomial
polylib::sortMonomials
Sorting monomials with respect to a term ordering
tcoeff
Trailing coefficient of a polynomial
Groebner Algebra
groebner::dimension
Dimension of the affine variety generated by polynomials
groebner::eliminate
Eliminate variables
groebner::gbasis
Computation of a reduced Grbner basis
groebner::normalf
Complete reduction modulo a polynomial ideal
groebner::spoly
The S-polynomial of two polynomials
groebner::stronglyIndependentSet
s
Strongly independent set of variables
Polynomial Roots
numeric::polyrootbound
Bound for the roots of a univariate polynomial
numeric::polyroots
Numerical roots of a univariate polynomial
numeric::polysysroots
Numerical roots of a system of polynomial equations
numeric::realroot
Numerical search for a real root of a real univariate function
numeric::realroots
Isolate intervals containing real roots of a univariate function
polylib::realroots
Isolate all real roots of a real univariate polynomial
assume
assumeAlso
assuming
assumingAlso
getprop
is
iszero
Generic zero test
property::depends
property::hasprop
property::showprops
unassume
Mathematical Constants and Functions

Constants
complexInfinity
Complex infinity
infinity
Real positive infinity
FAIL
Indicate a failed computation
NIL
Singleton element of the domain DOM_NIL
null
Generate the void object of type DOM_NULL
TRUE
Boolean constant TRUE
FALSE
Boolean constant FALSE
UNKNOWN
Boolean constant UNKNOWN
undefined
Undefined value
C_
Complex numbers
R_
Real numbers
Q_
Rational numbers
Z_
Integers
N_
Positive integers
Complex Numbers
abs
Absolute value of a real or complex number
arg
Argument (polar angle) of a complex number
Re
Real part of an arithmetical expression
Im
Imaginary part of an arithmetical expression
sign
Sign of a real or complex number
signIm
Sign of the imaginary part of a complex number
Exponents and Logarithms
exp
Exponential function
ln
Natural logarithm
log
Logarithm to arbitrary base
log10
Logarithm to base 10
log2
Logarithm to base 2
Raise an expression to a power
sqrt
Square root function
surd
N -th root
Trigonometric Functions
sin
Sine function
cos
Cosine function
tan
Tangent function
cot
Cotangent function
sec
Secant function
csc
Cosecant function
arcsin
Inverse sine function
arccos
Inverse cosine function
arctan
Inverse tangent function
arccot
Inverse cotangent function
arcsec
Inverse secant function
arccsc
Inverse cosecant function
Hyperbolic Functions
sinh
Hyperbolic sine function
cosh
Hyperbolic cosine function
tanh
Hyperbolic tangent function
coth
Hyperbolic cotangent function
sech
Hyperbolic secant function
csch
Hyperbolic cosecant function
arcsinh
Inverse of the hyperbolic sine function
arccosh
Inverse of the hyperbolic cosine function
arctanh
Inverse of the hyperbolic tangent function
arccoth
Inverse of the hyperbolic cotangent function
arcsech
Inverse of the hyperbolic secant function
arccsch
Inverse of the hyperbolic cosecant function
Special Functions
Dirac and Heaviside Functions
dirac
The Dirac delta distribution
heaviside
The Heaviside step function
kroneckerDelta
Kronecker's delta symbol
rectangularPulse
Rectangular pulse function
rectpulse
Rectangular pulse function
triangularPulse
Triangular pulse function
tripulse
Triangular pulse function
Pref::heavisideAtOrigin
Set value of Heaviside function at origin
Gamma Functions
beta
Beta function
binomial
Binomial coefficients
gamma
Gamma function
lngamma
Log-gamma function
igamma
Incomplete gamma function
pochhammer
The Pochhammer symbol
psi
Digamma/polygamma function
Zeta Function and Polylogarithms
dilog
Dilogarithm function
polylog
Polylogarithm function
zeta
The Riemann zeta function
Airy and Bessel Functions
airyAi
Airy function of the first kind
airyBi
Airy function of the second kind
besselI
Modified Bessel functions of the first kind
besselJ
Bessel functions of the first kind
besselK
Modified Bessel functions of the second kind
besselY
Bessel functions of the second kind
Exponential and Trigonometric Integrals
Ci
Cosine integral function
Chi
Hyperbolic cosine integral function
dawson
Dawson's integral
Ei
Exponential integral function
Li
Integral logarithm
Si
Sine integral function
Ssi
Shifted sine integral function
Shi
Hyperbolic sine integral function
Error Functions and Fresnel Functions
erf
Error function
erfc
Complementary error function
erfi
Imaginary error function
inverf
Inverse of the error function
inverfc
Inverse of the complementary error function
fresnelC
The Fresnel cosine integral function
fresnelS
The Fresnel sine integral function
Hypergeometric and Whittaker Functions
hypergeom
Hypergeometric functions
kummerU
Confluent hypergeometric KummerU function
meijerG
The Meijer G function
whittakerM
The Whittaker M function
whittakerW
The Whittaker W function
Elliptic Integrals
ellipticK
Complete elliptic integral of the first kind
ellipticCK
Complementary complete elliptic integral of the first kind
ellipticF
Incomplete elliptic integral of the first kind
ellipticE
Complete and incomplete elliptic integrals of the second kind
ellipticCE
Complementary complete elliptic integral of the second kind
ellipticPi
Complete and incomplete elliptic integrals of the third kind
ellipticCPi
Complementary complete elliptic integral of the third kind
ellipticNome
Elliptic nome
jacobiAM
Jacobi amplitude function am
jacobiSN
Jacobi elliptic function sn
jacobiCN
Jacobi elliptic function cn
jacobiDN
Jacobi elliptic function dn
jacobiCD
Jacobi elliptic function cd
jacobiSD
Jacobi elliptic function sd
jacobiND
Jacobi elliptic function nd
jacobiDC
Jacobi elliptic function dc
jacobiNC
Jacobi elliptic function nc
jacobiSC
Jacobi elliptic function sc
jacobiNS
Jacobi elliptic function ns
jacobiDS
Jacobi elliptic function ds
jacobiCS
Jacobi elliptic function cs
jacobiZeta
Jacobi Zeta function
Lambert W and Wright Functions
lambertW
The Lambert function
wrightOmega
The Wright function
Numbers and Precision

Precision Control
float
Convert to a floating-point number
Pref::floatFormat
Representation of floating-point numbers
Pref::outputDigits
Set the number of digits in floating-point outputs
Pref::trailingZeroes
Trailing zeroes when printing floating-point numbers
Operations on Numbers
ceil
Rounding up to the next integer
floor
Rounding down to the next integer
conjugate
Complex conjugation
frac
Fractional part of a number
ground
Ground term (constant coefficient) of a polynomial
Im
Imaginary part of an arithmetical expression
max
Maximum of numbers
min
Minimum of numbers
misc::pslq
Heuristic detection of relations between real numbers
numeric::complexRound
Round a complex number towards the real or imaginary axis
numeric::rationalize
Approximate a floating-point number by a rational number
Re
Real part of an arithmetical expression
round
Rounding to the nearest integer
trunc
Rounding towards zero
Statistics
Supported Distributions
Cumulative Distribution Functions
stats::betaCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the beta distribution
stats::binomialCDF
The (discrete) cumulative distribution function of the binomial distribution
stats::cauchyCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the Cauchy distribution
stats::chisquareCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the chi-square distribution
stats::empiricalCDF
Empirical (discrete) cumulative distribution function of a finite data sample
stats::erlangCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the Erlang distribution
stats::exponentialCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the exponential distribution
stats::fCDF
Cumulative distribution function of Fisher's f-distribution (fratio distribution)
stats::finiteCDF
Cumulative distribution function of a finite sample space
stats::gammaCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the gamma distribution
stats::geometricCDF
The (discrete) cumulative distribution function of the geometric distribution
stats::hypergeometricCDF
The (discrete) cumulative probability function of the hypergeometric distribution
stats::logisticCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the logistic distribution
stats::lognormalCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the log-normal distribution
stats::normalCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution
stats::poissonCDF
The (discrete) cumulative distribution function of the Poisson distribution
stats::tCDF
Cumulative distribution function of Student's t-distribution
stats::uniformCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the uniform distribution
stats::weibullCDF
Cumulative distribution function of the Weibull distribution
Probability Density Functions
stats::betaPDF
Probability density function of the beta distribution
stats::cauchyPDF
Probability density function of the Cauchy distribution
stats::chisquarePDF
Probability density function of the chi-square distribution
stats::erlangPDF
Probability density function of the Erlang distribution
stats::exponentialPDF
Probability density function of the exponential distribution
stats::fPDF
Probability density function of Fisher's f-distribution (fratio distribution)
stats::gammaPDF
Probability density function of the gamma distribution
stats::logisticPDF
Probability density function of the logistic distribution
stats::lognormalPDF
Probability density function of the log-normal distribution
stats::normalPDF
Probability density function of the normal distribution
stats::tPDF
Probability density function of Student's t-distribution
stats::uniformPDF
Probability density function of the uniform distribution
stats::weibullPDF
Probability density function of the Weibull distribution
Probability Functions
stats::binomialPF
Probability function of the binomial distribution
stats::empiricalPF
Probability function of a finite data sample
stats::finitePF
Probability function of a finite sample space
stats::geometricPF
Probability function of the geometric distribution
stats::hypergeometricPF
Probability function of the hypergeometric distribution
stats::poissonPF
Probability function of the Poisson distribution
Quantile Functions
stats::betaQuantile
Quantile function of the beta distribution
stats::binomialQuantile
Quantile function of the binomial distribution
stats::cauchyQuantile
Quantile function of the Cauchy distribution
stats::chisquareQuantile
Quantile function of the chi-square distribution
stats::empiricalQuantile
Quantile function of the empirical distribution
stats::erlangQuantile
Quantile function of the Erlang distribution
stats::exponentialQuantile
Quantile function of the exponential distribution
stats::fQuantile
Quantile function of Fisher's f-distribution (fratio distribution)
stats::finiteQuantile
Quantile function of a finite sample space
stats::gammaQuantile
Quantile function of the gamma distribution
stats::geometricQuantile
Quantile function of the geometric distribution
stats::hypergeometricQuantil
e
Quantile function of the hypergeometric distribution
stats::logisticQuantile
Quantile function of the logistic distribution
stats::lognormalQuantile
Quantile function of the log-normal distribution
stats::normalQuantile
Quantile function of the normal distribution
stats::poissonQuantile
Quantile function of the Poisson distribution
stats::tQuantile
Quantile function of Student's t-distribution
stats::uniformQuantile
Quantile function of the uniform distribution
stats::weibullQuantile
Quantile function of the Weibull distribution
Random Number Generators
frandom
Generate random floating-point numbers
random
Generate random integer numbers
stats::betaRandom
Generate a random number generator for beta deviates
stats::binomialRandom
Generate a random number generator for binomial deviates
stats::cauchyRandom
Generate a random number generator for Cauchy deviates
stats::chisquareRandom
Generate a random number generator for chi-square deviates
stats::empiricalRandom
Generate a random generator for uniformly distributed elements of a data sample
stats::erlangRandom
Generate a random number generator for Erlang deviates
stats::exponentialRandom
Generate a random number generator for exponential deviates
stats::fRandom
Generate a random number generator for Fisher's f-deviates (fratio deviates)
stats::finiteRandom
Generate a random generator for elements of a finite sample space
stats::gammaRandom
Generate a random number generator for gamma deviates
stats::geometricRandom
Generate a random number generator for geometric deviates
stats::hypergeometricRando
m
Generate a random number generator for hypergeometric deviates
stats::logisticRandom
Generate a random number generator for logistic deviates
stats::lognormalRandom
Generate a random number generator for log-normal deviates
stats::normalRandom
Generate a random number generator for normal deviates
stats::poissonRandom
Generate a random number generator for Poisson deviates
stats::tRandom
Generate a random number generator for Student deviates (t-deviates)
stats::uniformRandom
Generate a random number generator for uniformly continous deviates
stats::weibullRandom
Generate a random number generator for Weibull deviates
Data Import
import::csv
Read CSV data from an ASCII file
import::readbitmap
Read bitmap data
import::readdata
Read data from an ASCII file
import::readlisp
Parse Lisp-formatted string
stats::sample
Domain of statistical samples
Operations on Data Samples
stats::calc
Apply functions to a sample
stats::col
Select and rearrange columns of a sample
stats::concatCol
Concatenate samples column-wise
stats::concatRow
Concatenate samples row-wise
stats::row
Select and re-arrange rows of a sample
stats::sample
Domain of statistical samples
stats::sample2list
Convert a sample to a list of lists
stats::selectRow
Select rows of a sample
stats::sortSample
Sort the rows of a sample
stats::tabulate
Statistics of duplicate rows in a sample
stats::unzipCol
Extract columns from a list of lists
stats::zipCol
Convert a sequence of columns to a list of lists
Descriptive Statistics
numeric::gaussAGM
Gauss' arithmetic geometric mean
stats::correlation
Correlation between data samples
stats::correlationMatrix
Compute the correlation matrix associated with a covariance matrix
stats::covariance
Covariance of data samples
stats::cutoff
Discard outliers
stats::winsorize
Clamp (winsorize) extremal values
stats::frequency
Tally numerical data into classes and count frequencies
stats::geometricMean
Geometric mean of a data sample
stats::harmonicMean
Harmonic mean of a data sample
stats::kurtosis
Kurtosis (excess) of a data sample
stats::mean
Arithmetic mean of a data sample
stats::meandev
Mean deviation of a data sample
stats::median
Median value of a data sample
stats::modal
Modal (most frequent) value(s) in a data sample
stats::moment
The K-th moment of a data sample
stats::obliquity
Obliquity (skewness) of a data sample
stats::quadraticMean
Quadratic mean of a data sample
stats::stdev
Standard deviation of a data sample
stats::variance
Variance of a data sample
Regression Analysis
stats::hodrickPrescottFilte
r
The Hodrick-Prescott filter
stats::linReg
Linear regression (least squares fit)
stats::reg
Regression (general linear and nonlinear least squares fit)
Hypothesis Testing
stats::csGOFT
Classical chi-square goodness-of-fit test
stats::equiprobableCells
Divide the real line into equiprobable intervals
stats::ksGOFT
The Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test
stats::swGOFT
The Shapiro-Wilk goodness-of-fit test for normality
stats::tTest
T-test for a mean
Discrete Mathematics
Number Theory
Divisors
gcd
Greatest common divisor of polynomials
gcdex
Extended Euclidean algorithm for polynomials
igcd
Greatest common divisor of integers and complex numbers with integer real and
imaginary parts
igcdex
Extended Euclidean algorithm for two integers
numlib::igcdmult
Extended Euclidean algorithm for integers
ilcm
Least common multiple of integers
lcm
Least common multiple of polynomials
numlib::divisors
Divisors of an integer
numlib::numdivisors
Number of divisors of an integer
numlib::Omega
Number of prime divisors (with multiplicity)
numlib::sumdivisors
Sum of divisors of an integer
Primes
isprime
Primality test
ithprime
I-th prime number
nextprime
Next prime number
prevprime
Next smaller prime
numlib::checkPrimalityCertificat
e
Test the primality certificate
numlib::Omega
Number of prime divisors (with multiplicity)
numlib::pi
Number of primes up to a given bound
numlib::proveprime
Primality proving using elliptic curves
numlib::primedivisors
Prime factors of an integer
Factorizations
fact
Factorial function
fact2
Double factorial function
ifactor
Factor an integer into primes
isqrt
Integer square root
numlib::ispower
Test for perfect powers
numlib::issqr
Test for perfect squares
numlib::factorGaussInt
Factorization of Gaussian integers
numlib::numprimedivisors
Number of prime factors of an integer
numlib::primedivisors
Prime factors of an integer
Modular Arithmetic
div
Integer part of a quotient
mod
Modulo operator
modp
Positive modulo function
mods
Symmetric modulo function
numlib::isquadres
Test for quadratic residues
numlib::order
Order of a residue class
numlib::primroot
Primitive roots
numlib::reconstructRationa
l
Rational number reconstruction
numlib::sqrtmodp
Square root of a quadratic residue modulo a prime
powermod
Compute a modular power of a number or a polynomial
rem
Remainder after division
Congruences
div
Integer part of a quotient
mod
Modulo operator
numlib::cornacchia
Cornachia's algorithm
numlib::ichrem
Chinese remainder theorem for integers
numlib::jacobi
Jacobi symbol
numlib::legendre
Legendre symbol
numlib::lincongruence
Linear congruence
numlib::mroots
Modular roots of polynomials
numlib::msqrts
Modular square roots
Sequences of Numbers
bernoulli
Bernoulli numbers and polynomials
contfrac
Domain of continued fractions
euler
Euler numbers and polynomials
numlib::contfrac
Domain of continued fractions
numlib::contfracPeriodic
Periodic continued fraction expansions
numlib::decimal
Infinite representation of rational numbers
numlib::fibonacci
Fibonacci numbers
numlib::mersenne
Mersenne primes
numlib::sumOfDigits
Sum of digits of an integer
random
Generate random integer numbers
Number Theoretic Functions
dedekindEta
The Dedekind eta function
numlib::g_adic
G-adic representation of a nonnegative integer
harmonic
Harmonic function
numlib::invphi
Inverse of the Euler phi function
numlib::Lambda
Von Mangoldt's function
numlib::lambda
Carmichael function
numlib::moebius
Mbius function
numlib::phi
Euler phi function
Conversions
numlib::fromAscii
Decoding of ASCII codes
numlib::sqrt2cfrac
Continued fraction expansion of square roots
numlib::toAscii
ASCII encoding of a string
Linear Optimization
linopt::corners
Return the feasible corners of a linear program
linopt::maximize
Maximize a linear or mixed-integer program
linopt::minimize
Minimize a linear or mixed-integer program
linopt::plot_data
Plot the feasible region of a linear program
linopt::Transparent
Return the ordinary simplex tableau of a linear program
linopt::Transparent::autostep
Perform the next simplex step
linopt::Transparent::clean_basis
Delete all slack variables of the first phase from the basis
linopt::Transparent::convert
Transform the given tableau into a structure printable on screen
linopt::Transparent::dual_prices
Get the dual solution belonging to the given tableau
linopt::Transparent::phaseI_tableau
Start an ordinary phase one of a 2-phase simplex algorithm
linopt::Transparent::phaseII_tablea
u
Start phase two of a 2-phase simplex algorithm
linopt::Transparent::result
Get the basic feasible solution belonging to the given simplex tableau
linopt::Transparent::simplex
Finish the current phase of the 2-phase simplex algorithm
linopt::Transparent::suggest
Suggest the next step in the simplex algorithm
linopt::Transparent::userstep
Perform a user defined simplex step
Boolean Algebra
bool
Boolean evaluation
_lazy_and
"lazy and" of Boolean expressions
_lazy_or
"lazy or" of Boolean expressions
Graph Theory
Creation
Graph
Creates new graph
Graph::createCircleGraph
Generates a circle Graph
Graph::createCompleteGraph
Generates a complete graph
Graph::createGraphFromMatrix
Transfers a squared matrix into a directed graph
Graph::createRandomEdgeWeights
Sets random weights to edges
Graph::createRandomEdgeCosts
Sets random costs to edges
Graph::createRandomGraph
Generates a random graph.
Graph::createRandomVertexWeight
s
Sets random weights to vertices
Graph::plotBipartiteGraph
Plots a Graph in a bipartite layout
Graph::plotCircleGraph
Plots a Graph in a circle layout
Graph::plotGridGraph
Plots a Graph in a grid layout
Modification
Graph::addEdges
Adds one or several edges to a graph
Graph::addVertices
Adds one or several vertices to a graph
Graph::contract
Contracts vertices
Graph::convertSSQ
Converts a Graph into a single source single sink Graph
Graph::printEdgeCostInformation
Prints the edge costs of a graph
Graph::printEdgeDescInformation
Prints the edge descriptions of a graph
Graph::printEdgeInformation
Prints the edges of a graph
Graph::printEdgeWeightInformatio
n
Prints the edge weights of a graph
Graph::printGraphInformation
Prints the edges of a graph
Graph::printVertexInformation
Prints vertex information of a graph
Graph::removeEdge
Removes one or several edges from a graph
Graph::removeVertex
Removes one or several vertices from a graph
Graph::revert
Reverts the edges of a graph.
Graph::setEdgeCosts
Assigns edge costs to edges.
Graph::setEdgeDescriptions
Assigns edge Descriptions to edges.
Graph::setEdgeWeights
Assigns edge weights to edges.
Graph::setVertexWeights
Assigns vertex weights to vertices.
Analysis
Graph::getAdjacentEdgesEntering
Returns the incident edges.
Graph::getAdjacentEdgesLeaving
Returns the adjacent edges.
Graph::getBestAdjacentEdge
Returns the "best" incident edges.
Graph::getEdgeCosts
Returns a table with the edge costs.
Graph::getEdgeDescriptions
Returns a table with the edge descriptions.
Graph::getEdges
Returns a list with all edges
Graph::getEdgesEntering
Returns the incoming edges
Graph::getEdgesLeaving
Returns the outgoing edges
Graph::getEdgeNumber
Returns the number of edges.
Graph::getEdgeWeights
Returns a table with the edge weights.
Graph::getSubGraph
Returns a subgraph.
Graph::getVertexNumber
Returns the number of vertices.
Graph::getVertexWeights
Returns a table with the vertex weights.
Graph::getVertices
Returns a list with all vertices
Graph::admissibleFlow
Checks a flow for admissibility in a Graph
Graph::bipartite
Finds out if a graph is bipartite.
Graph::breadthFirstSearch
Makes a breadth first Search in a graph.
Graph::checkForVertices
Checks if all vertices in edges really exist.
Graph::chromaticNumber
Chromatic number of a graph
Graph::chromaticPolynomial
Calculates a chromatic polynomial
Graph::depthFirstSearch
Makes a depth first Search in a graph.
Graph::residualGraph
Computes the residual graph
Graph::shortestPathAllPairs
Shortest paths from and to all vertices
Graph::shortestPathSingleSource
Shortest paths from one single vertex
Graph::stronglyConnectedComponent
Finds the strongly connected components
s
Graph::topSort
Topological sorting of the vertices
Graph::inDegree
Returns the indegree of one or more vertices.
Graph::isConnected
Finds out if the graph is connected
Graph::isDirected
Finds out if the graph is directed
Graph::isEdge
Finds out if the edges exists
Graph::isVertex
Finds out if special vertices exist in the Graph
Graph::longestPath
Longest paths from one single node
Graph::maxFlow
Computes a maximal flow through a graph
Graph::minCost
Computes a minimal cost flow
Graph::minCut
Computes a minimal cut
Graph::minimumSpanningTree
Creates a MST
Graph::outDegree
Returns the outdegree of one or more vertices.
Combinatorics
combinat::bell
Bell numbers
combinat::cartesianProduc
t
Cartesian product
combinat::catalan
Catalan numbers
combinat::choose
Subsets of a given size
combinat::compositions
Compositions of an integer
combinat::modStirling
Modified Stirling numbers
combinat::partitions
Partitions of an integer
combinat::permute
Permutations of a list
combinat::powerset
Subsets of a set
combinat::stirling1
Stirling numbers of the first kind
combinat::stirling2
Stirling numbers of the second kind
combinat::subwords
Subwords of a word
Graphics
2-D and 3-D Plots
2-D Function Plots
plot
Display graphical objects on the screen
display
Display graphical objects on the screen
plotfunc2d
Function plots in 2D
plot::easy
Easy plotting
3-D Function Plots
plotfunc3d
Function plots in 3D
Scatter Plots
plot::delaunay
Compute the Delaunay triangulation of a set of points
plot::hull
Compute the convex hull of a set of points
Annotations and Appearance

Colors
RGB::ColorNames
Find predefined colors by name
RGB::plotColorPalette
Display predefined colors
RGB::colorName
Find names of predefined colors
RGB::fromWaveLength
Get the RGB color of monochromatic light
RGB::random
Pick a color uniformly at random in RGB color space
RGB::toHSV
Convert RGB colors to HSV
RGB::fromHSV
Convert HSV colors to RGB
Default Settings
plot::getDefault
Get current default setting of attributes
plot::setDefault
Set default setting of attributes
Export
plot::copy
Make a physical copy of a plot object
plot::modify
Make a physical copy of a plot object setting new values of attributes in the same call
Programming Basics
Control Flow
%if
Conditional creation of code by the parser
break
Terminate a loop or a Case switch prematurely
case
Switch statement
end
Close a block statement
for
For loop
if
If-statement (conditional branch in a program)
next
Skip a step in a loop
repeat
"repeat" loop
while
"while" loop
return
Exit a procedure
Functions and Procedures
expose
Display the source code of a procedure or the entries of a domain
proc
Define a procedure
save
Save the state of an identifier
prog::wait
Wait for a while
Interactive Input
input
Interactive input of objects
textinput
Interactive input of text
Pref::postInput
Actions after input
Pref::postOutput
Actions after output
Data and File Management

Data Import and Export
export::stl
Export STL data
import::csv
Read CSV data from an ASCII file
import::readbitmap
Read bitmap data
import::readdata
Read data from an ASCII file
import::readlisp
Parse Lisp-formatted string
File Operations
fclose
Close a file
finput
Read objects from file
fname
Get a file's name
fopen
Open file
fprint
Write data to file
fread
Read and execute file
ftextinput
Read text file
pathname
Create a platform dependent path name
protocol
Create a protocol of a session
read
Search, read, and execute file
readbytes
Read binary data from a file
writebytes
Write binary data to a file
write
Write values of variables into file
Pref::verboseRead
Shows reading of files
Advanced Software Development

Functional Programming
Compose functions
@@
Iterate a function
copyClosure
Copies the lexical closure of a procedure
discont
Discontinuities of a function
funcenv
Create a function environment
map
Apply a function to all operands of an object
maprat
Apply a function to a rationalized expression
operator
Define a new operator symbol
fp::apply
Apply function to arguments
fp::bottom
Function that never returns
fp::curry
Curry an n-ary function
fp::expr_unapply
Create a functional expression from an expression
fp::fixargs
Create function by fixing all but one argument
fp::fixedpt
Returns fixed point of a function
fp::fold
Create function which iterates over sequences
fp::nest
Repeated composition of function
fp::nestvals
Repeated composition returning intermediate values
fp::unapply
Create a procedure from an expression
misc::breakmap
Stops the mapping currently done by maprec
misc::maprec
Map a function to subexpressions of an expression
Pref::typeCheck
Type checking of formal parameters
Pref::warnDeadProcEnv
Warnings about wrong usage of lexical scope
prog::getname
Name of an object
prog::getOptions
Get and verify options within a procedure
prog::isGlobal
Information about reserved identifiers
Debugging
args
Access procedure parameters
assert
Assertions for debugging
debug
Execute a procedure in single-step mode
forceGarbageCollection
Force a garbage collection
prog::trace
Observe functions
prog::traced
Find traced functions
prog::untrace
Terminates observation of functions
Code Performance
rtime
Measure real time
time
Measure CPU time
Pref::maxTime
Time limit for computations
prog::ntime
Hardware independent time unit
prog::profile
Display timing data of nested function calls
Memory Usage
bytes
Memory used by the current session
forget
Clear the remember table of a procedure
history
Access an entry of the history table
Pref::maxMem
Set a memory limit for the session
Pref::report
Informations during evaluation
prog::remember
Extended remember mechanism for procedures
Error Handling
error
Raise a user-specified exception
getlasterror
Retrieve the last error number and text
lasterror
Reproduce the last error
traperror
Trap errors
warning
Print a warning message
Testing and Code Verification
testargs
Decide whether procedure arguments should be tested
prog::check
Checking objects
prog::init
Loading objects
prog::tcov
Report on test coverage (passed program lines)
prog::test
Automatic comparing of calculation results
prog::testexit
Closing tests
prog::testinit
Initialize tests
Custom Functionality Integration
protect
Protect an identifier
unprotect
Remove protection of identifiers
Object-Oriented Programming
Domains
Domain Operations
extnops
Number of operands of the internal representation a domain element
extop
Internal operands of a domain element
extsubsop
Substitute operands of a domain element
new
Create a domain element
newDomain
Create a new data type (domain)
slot
Method or entry of a domain or a function environment
slotAssignCounter
Counts slot assignments
Code Generation
generate::C
Generate C formatted string
generate::fortran
Generate Fortran formatted string
generate::MathML
Generate MathML from expressions
generate::MATLAB
Generate MATLAB formatted string
generate::optimize
Generate optimized code
generate::Simscape
Generate Simscape equation
generate::TeX
Generate formatted string from expressions
Notebook Interface
Typeset Math and Other Output Modes
print
Print objects to the screen
output::asciiAbbreviate
Generates a procedure for creating an ASCII formatted output
output::fence
Put delimiters around multiline strings
output::mathText
Pretty output of text combined with formulas
output::ordinal
Ordinal numbers
output::roman
Roman numerals
output::subexpr
Abbreviates a expression
output::tableForm
Printing objects in table form
output::tree
Display of trees
Pref::abbreviateOutput
Controls the use of abbreviations in outputs
Pref::output
Modify the screen output of objects
Customizations and Preferences
Pref::alias
Controls the output of aliased expressions
Pref::autoExpansionLimit
Set a limit for automatic expansions
Pref::autoPlot
Automatically plot graphical objects
Pref::callBack
Informations during evaluation
Pref::ignoreNoDebug
Controls debugging of procedures
Pref::keepOrder
Order of terms in sum outputs
Pref::userOptions
Additional options when starting MuPAD
Pref::heavisideAtOrigin
Set value of Heaviside function at origin
Version
buildnumber
The Build number of
version
Version number of the MuPAD library
Pref::kernel
Version number of the presently used kernel

Comandos MuPAD

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Descrição original:

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Comandos MuPAD

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

MuPAD

MuPAD Language Fundamentals

Convert to a floating-point interval

Indexed access to arrays and tables without evaluation

Access a previously computed object

Display a help page

Prints short information

Delete the value of an identifier

Free indeterminates of an expression

Create an unused identifier

Defines an abbreviation or a macro

Identifiers that have values or properties

Undo the use command

Use library functions by a short name

Operators and Elementary Operations

Add elements to a list

Test if an entry exists in a container

Intersection of sets and/or intervals

Difference of sets and/or intervals

Union of sets and/or intervals

Expression Trees and Precedence

Generates an n-ary associative operator from a binary one

Indicate a failed computation

Singleton element of the domain DOM_NIL

Generate the void object of type DOM_NULL

Boolean constant TRUE

Boolean constant FALSE

Boolean constant UNKNOWN

Basic infinite sets

Perform assignments given as equations

Assign values to entries of an array, a list, or a table

The "length" of a object (heuristic complexity)

Domain of conditionally defined objects

Compare objects according to the internal order

Search for indeterminates

Visualize an expression as tree

Find operands of objects

Sort objects by an index function

Insert an element into a list

Insert an element into a list at a given position

Merging two ordered lists

listlib::removeDuplicates Removes duplicate entries

Remove duplicates of any element from ordered lists

Remove elements from a list

Merging of two ordered lists without duplicates

Sort a numerical list

Convert a polynomial to a list of terms

Split a character string into a list of substrings

Collapse whitespace in strings

Test for substring

Convert a floating-point number to a string

Textual description of a time length

Mask regular expression special characters

Sorting procedure for Sort

Create a random string

Read text file

Validate identifier name

Match pattern in character string

Extract a substring from a string

Type representing algebraic constants

Type representing arithmetical objects

Type representing boolean expressions