Statistics Independent Study

More Two-Sample t Tests

Answers

Page 1 of 3

1.
A.
Answer:
H0 : 1 = 2 (There is no difference between the mean weight loss of the two groups.)
H a : 1 > 2 (The mean weight-loss of group one is greater than the mean weight-loss
of group two.)
B.
Answer:
H 0 : 1 = 2 (There is no difference between the mean number of graduates who
attend local colleges and the mean number of graduates who go to out-of-state
colleges.)
H a : 1 2 (There is a difference between the mean number of graduates who attend
local colleges and the mean number of graduates who go to out-of-state colleges.)
C.
Answer:
H 0 : 1 = 2 (There is no difference between the mean time it took students ten years
ago to complete their degrees and the mean time it took students this year to complete
their degrees.)
H a : 1 < 2 (The mean time it took students ten years ago to complete their degrees
is less than the mean time it took students this year to complete their degrees.)
D.
Answer:
H 0 : 1 = 2 (There is no difference between the mean time it takes parachutes made
of fabric A and fabric B to land.)
H a : 1 > 2 (The parachutes made out of fabric A have a longer descent time than
those made out of fabric B.)
2.
A.
Answer:
We'd use a two-sample t test for this significance test because we have two independent
samples and we don't know the population standard deviation of either. To use this test,
both samples have to be approximately normal with no outliers or extreme skewness. A
boxplot of each sample indicates that these samples meet the conditions.
B.
Answer:
k = 16
To calculate the conservative estimate for degrees of freedom, use the smaller of
( n1 1) or ( n2 1). In this case, n1 1 = 19 1 = 18, and n2 1 = 17 1 = 16.

Statistics Independent Study

More Two-Sample t Tests
Answers

Page 2 of 3

C.
Answer:
t = 7.078, p = .0000013
To calculate t and p:
t=

x1 x 2
s2
+ 2
n1
n2

s12

.54
.00582

5.16 4.62
.239 2 .219 2
+
19
17

.54
.057121 .047961
+
19
17

.54
.003 + .00282

.54
= 7.078
.07629

Using your calculator, P(t > 7.078) = tcdf(7.078,100,16) = .0000013

D.
Answer:
We have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis (there is no difference between
the mean descent times of parachutes made out of fabric A and parachutes made out of
fabric B) in favor of the alternative (parachutes made out of fabric A have a longer
descent time than parachutes made out of fabric B). This is because our P-value
(p = .0000013) is less than = .01.
E.
Answer:
H 0 : 1 = 2 (There is no difference between the mean descent time of parachutes
made of fabric A and parachutes made out of fabric B.)
H a : 1 2 (There is a difference between the mean descent time of parachutes made

of fabric A and parachutes made out of fabric B.)

F.
Answer:
(.3172, .7628)
To calculate the confidence interval, use the following formula with t* = 2.921:

x 1 x 2 t*

= .54 2.921

s12
n1

s22
n2

= (5.16 4.62) 2.921

.239 2 .219 2
+
19
17

.057121 .047961
+
= .54 2.921 .003 + .00282
19
17

= .54 2.921 .00582 = .54 2.921(.07629) = .54 .2228 = (.3172, .7628)

Statistics Independent Study

More Two-Sample t Tests
Answers

Page 3 of 3

G.
Answer:
We have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis (there is no difference in the
mean descent times of parachutes made out of fabric A and fabric B) in favor of the
alternative hypothesis (there is a difference between the mean descent times of
parachutes made out of each fabric). This is because zero isn't contained in the 99%
confidence interval (.3172, .7628).

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