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A more rational basis of classification is found in some expression of the composition of the oils. In American
practice, crude oils long have been roughly classified as (a) paraffin base, (b) naphthenic or asphaltic base, and
(c) mixed base if they contain both paraffin and asphalt. (Fig. 5.2). This system was derived on the basis
of differences in the nature of the lubricating oil portion of the crude after a non destructive distillation. In other
words, the crude oil is carefully distilled and the portion boiling in the lubricating oil range is examined. If this
portion is waxy and has the physical properties of paraffins, the crude oil is termed paraffin base. On the
other hand, if the lubricating oil portion contains little or no wax and contains asphaltic material, the crude oil is
termed asphaltic. Crude oils, lubricating oil fraction of which contains both paraffins and asphalts, are termed
mixed base. Using this basis for the classification of petroleum, it has been found that crude oil
occurring in various sections of the United States can also be classified. The Pennsylvania type of crude oil is
paraffinic. This type of crude oil is found in the eastern states of USA: Pennsylvania, West Virginia, New York,
Michigan, and Ohio.