SCIENCE ASS 2 MID SEM 1 SEMISTER 2015 L-4,5

EX1- MCQ
1. At which temperature is pure water converted into solid form by cooling?
Ans 0 c
37 At water temperature does pure water boil?
Ans 100 c
38 What happens when a piece of ice is placed in water ?
Ans Floats
39 What is water
Ans Compound
40 Which are the component elements of water?
Ans Hydrogen and oxygen
41 which gas is produced at anode (at positive pole) by electrolysis of water
?
Ans Hydrogen
42 What is the proportion by volume of hydrogen gas oxygen gas during
electrolysis of water ?
Ans 2:1
43 Which substance is added to remove the hardness of water?
Ans Washing soda
44 Which gas is passed in water to make water germ-free in big cities?
Ans Chlorine
45 Which substance is added to water to get clay particles of muddy water
settled quickly ?
Ans Bleaching powder
46 Due to what is the hardness of water ?
Ans Dissolved salts
47 Which water is considered as pure water?
Ans Rain water
L-5
1.
a)
2.
a)
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)

How many nutrient substances do the plant get from the soil?
7
b) 9
c) 13
d) 1
Which instrument is used to plough the soil?
Hoe
b) plough c) khurpi d)sickle
To add organic substances in soil
Spray insecticide
b) give chemical fertilizer
c)give dung manure
d) give water

4. What should be done to maintain soil fertility?

a) Use of excessive chemical fertilizer
b)To rotate the crop
b)
c)
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
a)
b)
c)
d)
EX2

Same crop repeatedly taken

Use of excess of chemical insecticides
Which of the following is an artificial fertilizer?
dung manure
oilseed cake
Urea
Green manure
6 By which irrigation method is 40 to 60 % of water saved?
Drip-irrigation method
Fountain-irrigation method
Dhoria-irrigation method
Water channels method
ANSWER IN ONE SENTENCE

L-4
Q 33 what is the freezing point of the water?
Ans- 0 degree c is the freezing.............
Q 34 instrument use for electrolyses of water?
Ans Voltametre is used for electrolysis ..............
Q 35 Which is gas produced at cathode(negative pole) by electrolysis of
water?
Ans- Hydrogen gas is produced at cathode (negative pole) by..............
Q 36 At which pole do we get oxygen gas during electrolysis of water?
Ans We get oxygen at anode (positive pole) .
Q 37 which instrument is used for removing dissolved impurities in drinking
water?
Ans- R.O plant is used for removing.......................
Q 38 Which solvent considered as universal solvent?
Ans Water is considered as................
Q 39 Write four solid substance that are soluble in water?
Ans- sugar,salt,alum,washingsoda are 4 solid ................
Q 40 Which instrument use to purify water nowadays?

Ans- R.O plant (reverse osmosis) are..

L-5
Q.1 What is ploughing?
Ans. The method of making soil soft and porous and turning it upside
down with plough before sowing seeds is called ploughing.
Q.2 Which implement is mainly used for sowing?
Ans. Drill is mainly used for sowing.
Q.3 Give the name of an equipment used to remove weeds?
Ans. Equipments used to remove weeds are Khurpi, sickle, and hoe.
Q.4 Fertilizers containing which nutrient is not required for leguminous
plants?
Ans. Fertilizer contaning nitrogen is not required for leguminous plants.
Q.5 Give the name of one insecticide sprayed over crops?
Ans. Malathion and B.H.C (Benzen Hexa Chloride).
Q.6 What is called intercropping?
Ans. The raising of two or more crops on the same land in alternate rows
is called intercropping.
Q.7 In which irrigation method does maximum wastage of water occurs?
Ans. In channel irrigation maximum wastage of water occurs.
Q.8 Which irrigation method should be used in arid regions where there is
water scarcity?
Ans. Drip irrigation method should be used in arid regions where there is
water scarcity.

EX3

DEFINE

CH-4
1. Soft water:

Ans. Water in which there are salts in less proportion is called soft water.
2. Hard water:
Ans. Water in which there are salts in more proportion is called hard
water.
3. Solvent:
Ans. A liquid in which a substance can dissolve is called a solvent.
10.Solute:
Ans. A substance which dissolve in liquid is called solute.
11.Solution:
Ans. A Hormogenius mixture of solvent and solute is known as solution.
EX.3 DEFINE
1) Weed :
Ans. Undesirable plants growing with the main crop sown in the soil is
called weed.
2) Fertilizers:
Ans. Plant obtain one or more require nutrients from substances added in
the soil. Such substances are called fertilizers.
3) Irrigation:

Ans. The method of supplying water to the grown crops is called Irrigation.
EX4

ANSWER IN BRIEF

CH-4
27 ) Write the physical properties of water?
Ans-1 Water is colourless,odourless,tasteless.
2 It is a transparent liquid at normal temperature
3 It is in liquid form.
4 At 0 degree c water is solidified and turns into solid
5 At 100 degree c water turns into vapour
6 Ice is lighter than water.
28) chemical properties of water?

Ans-1 Water is compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen.

2 Its molecular formula is H2O
3 It contains hydrogen and oxygen with ratio of 2:1
4 It is a universal solvent and which can dissolve most of these substances.
29) Mention main impurities of water?
Ans1 Non-dissolved impurities
2 Dissolved impurities
3 Impurities of micro organism.
30 ) Water available in nature is never pure . Why?
Ans- Water available in nature is never pure because it is a universal solvent
which can dissolve most of these substances which are in solid ,liquid or
gaseous form.
31) Describe types of hardness in water?
Ans -There are 2 types of hardness and they are as follows:
1 Permanent hardness- water in which chlorides of calcium and magnesium and
sulphate salts are dissolved and hardness caused due to them is
called permanent hardness
2 Temporary hardness- water in which bicarbonate salts of calcium and
magnesium are dissolved and hardness caused due to them is
called temporary hardness. This hardness can be removed by boiling or
filtering.
32) Methods to purify the water ?
Ans -The methods to purify the water are as follows1 Water can be purify by boiling, filtering and decanting.
2 To remove salts and each solubility like sand particles and clay particles .
3 Alum is used to purify muddy water.
4 Impurities of micro- organism can be removed by boiling or by adding
bleaching powder and chlorine tablets .
EX.5 ANSWER IN DETAIL.
CH-4

How can hard water can be made soft water?

Ans-methods of making hard water into soft water are:-

1 To remove different salts dissolved in hard water by boiling such water very
much .so dissolved salts are converted into un dissolved salts.
2 Doing this some of the salts settle at bottom and some of the salts float on
the tap .
3 Filtering this water it becomes soft water.
4 Adding washing soda or boras powder in the hard water can betake in to
soft water.
CH-1

Write a short note on magnetic compass with figure .

Ans 1) It is made of cylindrical box of aluminium or brass with a glass

cover .
2) There is a circular dial , where directions are marked .

A magnetic needle is pivoted on vertical axis such that it can

rotate freely in a horizontal plane .

The axis of magnetic needle is placed at the centre of box and

dial .

A transparent glass is kept at the top of the box and box is

closed .
Working To decide current direction with the help of compass , the
north
pole of magnetic needle is brought over north direction
marked on the dial .
CH-4

How can hard water can be made soft water?

Ans-methods of making hard water into soft water are:-

1 To remove different salts very much dissolved in hard water can be done by
boiling such water very much .so dissolved salts are converted into un dissolved
salts.
2 Doing this some of the salts settle at bottom and some of the salts float on
the tap .
3 Filtering this water it becomes soft water.
4 Adding washing soda or boras powder in the hard water can betake in to
soft water.
CH-1

Write a short note on magnetic compass with figure .

Ans 1) It is made of cylindrical box of aluminium or brass with a glass

cover .
2) There is a circul or dial , where directions are marked .

A magnetic needle is pivoted on vertical axis such that it can

rotate freely in a horizontal plane .

The axis of magnetic needle is placed at the centre of box and

dial .

A transparent glass is kept at the top of the box and box is

closed .
Working To decide current direction with the help of compass , the
north
pole of magnetic needle is brought over north direction
marked on the dial .

L-5
Q.1 what are the benefits of soil-testing?
Ans. The benefits of soil testing are
1)
2)
3)
4)

One can know the proportion of nutrients in the soil.

One can know which crop should be taken.
Which nutrients should be added so that crop production increases?
Water holding capacity of the soil can be known.

Q.2 What are the benefits of ploughing?

Ans. The benefits of ploughing are :1)
2)
3)
4)

Soil becomes soft.

Air circulation increases in the soil.
Sown seeds grow easily.
Ploughing makes the soil upside down so nutrients of fertilizer mix up
properly and fertility is maintained.

Q.3 What precautions should be taken at the time of sowing?

Ans.
Q.4 Which harmful effects does a crop bare due to weeds?
Ans. 1) Nutrients for the main crops are absorbed by the weeds.
2) Required nutrients are not available in sufficient quantity to the main
crops.
3) Weeds compete with main crops for sunlight and water.
4) Yield of crop decreases.
Q.5 Which steps can be taken to remove the weeds?
Ans. Steps can be taken to remove the weeds are
1) Khurpi, sickle, hoe should be used to remove weeds.
2) Weeds can be removed by interploughing with harrow.
3) Weed icides can be used to remove weeds.
Q.6 What is rotation of crops? Why is it required?
Ans. Instead of cultivating same type of crops every year , pulses ,and
other crops and cultivated alternately is called rotation of crops. Sickle
type of nutrients are not used from due to rotation of crops, so fertility of
soil is maintained.
Q.7 What are the benefits of an intercropping?
Ans. The benefits of an intercropping are
1) If one crop fails, the other may grow better.
2) When two or more crops are grown together economic need of farmer
is satisfied.

3) Fertility of soil can be maintained.

Q.8 Give the names of natural fertilizers.
Ans. 1) Dung manure.
2) Composed manure.
3) Green manure.
4) Oil seed Cake manure.
5) Fertilizer obtained from biogas plant.
Q.9 Mention the benefits of natural fertilizers.
Ans. 1) Improves competition of soil.
2) Improves moisture holding capacity.
3) All nutrients are available to plants.
4) Soil fertility and production efficiency of crop increases
5) The effect of natural fertilizers retains for longer time. So it is not often
added
6) This fertilizers does not wash out easily with rain water as it is insoluble
in water.
7) It is relatively economic.
Q.10 What are the benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers ?
Ans. The benefits to the soil by using chemical fertilizers are:- 1) Chemical
fertilizers are water soluble.
by plants and hence crop production increases.
3) Besides it, such chemical fertilizers can be given according to which
nutrients are needed in soil.
Q.11 What is soil erosion? State the natural factors effecting the soil
erosion?
Ans. The process of removal of soil particles from upper layer of soil, far
away due to wind, rain or heavy flow of water is called soil erosion.

Q.12 What is an irrigation? Mention the methods of irrigation.

Ans. A method of supplying water to the grown crop is called irrigation.
The methods of irrigation are
1)
2)
3)
EX6

Dhoria ( Channel irrigation)

Earthern pot irrigation.
Drip irrigation method.
GIVE REASON

CH-4
It is not advisable to use hard water in the boiler because :1 When water is boiled te layer of salt is deposited in its inner-substance.
2 The layer is a bad conductor of a heat so a large Quantity of fuel is required
to boil the water in the boiler moreover this layer of salt corrodes the boiler
which can cause accidents.
12 During electrolyses of water ,few drops of sulphuric acid are added to
water because
1) Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity .
2) By adding few drops of surpheric acid in the water .it becomes a good
conductor of electricity.
13) During epidemics water should e used after boiling and then cooling
because
1 By boiling the micro organisms in the water .germs gets destroyed and
water becomes free From germs .
2 The boil water is filter than cool .
L-5
1. Rotation of crop should be done because
1) If single crop is taken repeatedly specific nutrient needed by the crop
are constantly absorbed from the soil.
2) So the proportion of those nutrients decreases and production of
crop also decreases.
3) Soil efficiency of crops are maintained due to rotation of crops. So
crop of pulses and cereals are taken alternately. 4) By growing crops of
pulse function of nitrogen occurs due to rhizobium bacteria found in its
roots which increases the fertility of soil. 5) Crop rotation also winbwl
harmful pest of soil.

2. Use of chemical fertilizers should be reduced because

1) Soil composition spoils due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers
2)Sometimes crop may destroy or destroyed due to more use of chemical
fertilizer.
3) Soil pollution occur due to the effect of chemical fertilizer as well as the
useful micro organisms occurring in the soil are destroyed.
3. Soil erosion is less in the forest area because
1) In the forest are there are dense trees.
2) The cover of dense trees on land can tolerate the blow of heavy
rainfall.
3) The root system of trees binds the soil particles firmly one another.
4) Due to trees the flow of wind and water becomes slow.
Trees should be grown around the fields because
1) By growing the trees around they field they withstand the blow of rain in
monsoon.
2) The roots of trees bind the fertile soil particles are not washed away from
the field by the flow of water or wind. 4) So the soil is protected.
EX7

GIVE DIFFERENCE

CH-4
4. Soft water and hard water.
Soft water: 1.The proportion of salt is less in soft water.
2. It gives more lather with soap.
3. It can be used in industries.
Hard water: 1. The proportion of salt is more in hard water.
2. It gives more lather with soap.
3.It cannot be used in industries and for domestic purposes.
L-5
1)

Natural fertilizer and Chemical fertilizer

Natural fertilizer: 1) It is formed from the reduce of animals and plants.

2)

Physical composition of soil improves by it.

3)

It effects in soil remains for long time. So it is not be added in soil

often.

Chemical fertilizer: 1) It is prepared from mineral element or in a factory

by chemical process.
2) Physical composition of soil spoils by its long.
3) Its effect in soil does not remain for long time. So it is added in soil
often.
2) Dhoria irrigation method and Drip irrigation method
Dhoria-irrigation method: 1) Use of this method for irrigation in a
region where abundance water occur.
2) More waste of water more occurs in it.
Drip irrigation method: 1) Use of this method for irrigation in arid
region.
2) Wastage of water does not occurs.
EX8 True or False
By adding 2-3 drops of iodine solution on carbohydrate it
becomes yellowish .FALSE

Pulses become easily disestable if eaten after boiling

them .TRUE

Due to deficiency of Vitamin C scurvy occurs .TRUE

Goitre is a deficiency disease caused due to deficiency of

mineral salts TRUE

Pellagra is a deficiency disease caused due to deficiency of

vitamin .
TRUE

Sugar cane has slit roots .True

The prop root of the banyan trees gives support to it .True

The food prepared by the leaves is conducted to various parts of the

plant through xylem .False

The stem of opunia is green .True

The plants release oxygen during respiration . False

EX9

Ice is heavier than water . False

Oil does not dissolve in water . True

Water becomes germ free on adding washing soda in water .

Water is a compound .

During electrolysis of water , hydrogen gas is produced at

positive pole .
EXPERIMENT

CH-4
6.To determent the volume of the components of water by electrolysis

Aim-to determent the volume of the components of water by electrolysis.

Apparatus and Materials voltametre,6 volt battery, copper wire, water,
sulphuric acid,2 test tube.
FIGURE:-

Procedure:- 1fill water in the voltametre up to the half level.

2. add 4-5 drops of sulphuric acid in it.
3. fill two test-tube by water up to the brim and arrange them inverted on the two
electros .
4. the positive end of the battery behaves as anode and negative end of
the battery behaves as cathode.
5. now pass the electro current.
6.Bubbles will be seen rising in the test tube and gases .
7. observe.
OBSERVATION:1,the test tube over T he cathode is filled with the hydrogen
and that over the anode is fill up with oxygen .their volume with ratio is2:1.

Conclusion- water is a component of hydrogen and oxygen and the

proportion if hydrogen is double then that of oxygen.