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Papercrete

What?
Manufacture
Building a Mixer
Mass Production
Properties
Strength
Commercial Acceptance
Case Studies

What
What...Papercrete is a construction
material which consists of
re-pulped paper fiber with
Portland cemend or clay/
and or other soil added

When...First patented in 1928 and


revived during the 1980s

Why...

It has low environmental


impact and is very cheap
becuase it is made of recycled material, and is great
for isulation

Manufacture
Paper...May be old newspapers

junk mail, or pretty much


anything

Soak...
Mix...
Pour...

Soak the paper in water


the paper with cement and
or mud until you get a
consistancy similar to
oatmeal
into blocks and then use the
same mix to glue the blocks
together

Build a Tow Mixer


Tow Mixer...is basically a trailer

made from the rear end


of a car, with the part that
would attach to the drive
shaft sticking upward and
a lawn mower blade
attached to it. The blade is
surrounded by a large
stock watering tank where
the mixing occurs. There is
a baffle on the side of the
tank to force the slurry back
into the blade as it circulates.

Mass Production
Mason Greenstar...Only

commercially viable papercrete manufacturer

Materials...comprised of recycled

short-fiber cellulose (newspapers, phonebooks, lottery


tickets, and paper mill sludge),
cement, and a two part organic ad-mixture

Greenstar Blox...are produced

in a 10"x14"x4" building block,


replicating the traditional
adobe size.
Can be cast into various
shapes, sizes, and forms.

Material Properties
Good insulator...Paper fibres

trap the air , and when the


water drains out, leaves tiny
air pockets which result in an
R-value equal to 2-3 R/inch.
(more than insulating
materials).

Lightweight...papercrete blocks
are 80% air and thus are less
than a third of the weight of
a comparably-sized adobe
brick

Sound-proofing...can be

applied as a sound-proofing

Material Properties
Works as a Sponge...Cured

Papercrete acts like a sponge


unless it is coated with something to stop the entry of
water.

Not a Problem...because there is

nothing in the wall that would


be damaged by water, even if
it got past the papercrete layer,
which it rarely or never does

New Concept...a roof: a sponge

that welcomes the moisture,


and then simply give it back to
the atmosphere through
evaporation

Material Strength
Compressive Strength...is

reported to be in the 140-260


psi range. Although a low
number it is sufficient for many
low height buildings.

Tensile Strength...a block is


equivalent to 100 pages of
paper thus tensile strength
is fairly good

Shear Strength...It is hard to


pull a piece of paper apart
but ripping it is easy and
thus shear strenght is poor
so it should be reinforced

Commercial Acceptance
Code...As of 2007, papercrete lacks

approval from the Internationl


Code Council. This limits the
use within city limits of most
U.S. cities where building
codes apply.

Application...Cannot be used as a

load-bearing wall where codes


apply, however its strength in
model structures hase been
proven.

Durability...Little evidence of longterm durability yet

Case Study
Tijuana House Prototype
This prototypes incorporates
a recycled plastic bottle
thermal mass wall system, a
low-cost window prototype,
low-cost green roof, and
papercrete walls

Climate...Mild-temperatures during
the winter ranges from 5 C to
23 C, and in the summer
ranges from 18 C to 30 C

Where..

Lyle Center, CPP

Case Study
Papercrete...

Doors and windows


can simply be cut out of a solid
wall with a chainsaw. Reinforcing rebar can be drilled vertically down into the wall system
after it has been erected.

plan

Breathability...A wall system

would typically be finished


with a protective coating of
lime plaster. The breathability
of the lime allows moisture to
pass out of the wall should any
accumulate within. A more
permanent seal could trap
moisture inside and cause
structural instability and provide

section

Case Study
Dome... The Freeform Dome is

made from fibrous adobe,


uses bottles to let light
through the walls of the
entrance corridor (no door),
and the skylight is half bottles.

Where..

Columbus, New Mexico

Case Study
Cheap Shelter.. A barn-

shaped shelter at Mike's


place, made from
papercrete blocks (walls)
and pallets filled with
papercrete (roof ).

Where..

Columbus, New Mexico

References
Implementing Papercrete in a Low Cost Housing Prototype for Tijuana, Mexico
Matthew Jade West
Case Studies: http://makepapercrete.com/Houses-Made-From-Papercrete.html
General Info: http://www.greenhomebuilding.com/articles/papercrete.htm
Strengths: http://www.livinginpaper.com/tests.htm
Manufacture: http://www.livinginpaper.com/tests.htm

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