Workshop Manual and Souvenir PDF

National Seminar cum Workshop on
Applications of Green Technologies for the

Improvement of Agrobased System in India
- A Biotechnological Approach
rd
th
23 & 24 July 2015
A Manual on
Preparation of Organic Fertilizers
&
Souvenir
Sponsored
Sponsored
by: by:
Department
of Biotechnology,
of India,
New Delhi
Department
of Biotechnology,
Govt.Govt.
of India,
New Delhi
SERB,
Govt.
of India,
New Delhi
SERB,
Govt.
of India,
New Delhi
NABARD,
of India,
Mumbai
NABARD,
Govt.Govt.
of India,
Mumbai
Karpaga Vinayaga
College of Engineering and Technology
Department of Biotechnology
Chinna Kolambakkam, Padalam - 603308
Madhuranthagam (Tk.), Kanchipuram (Dt.), TN
National Seminar cum Workshop on

Applications of Green Technologies for the
Improvement of Agrobased System in India
- A Biotechnological Approach
23
rd
th
& 2 4 July 2 0 1 5
A Manual on
Preparation of Organic Fertilizers
&
Souvenir
Sponsored by:
Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, New Delhi

SERB, Govt. of India, New Delhi
NABARD, Govt. of India, Mumbai
Karpaga Vinayaga
College of Engineering and Technology
Chinna Kolambakkam, Padalam - 603308
Madhuranthagam (Tk.), Kanchipuram (Dt.), TN
Mrs. Meenakshi Annamalai, M.Sc. (Ph.D)

Director
Karpaga Vinayaga College of
Engineering and Technology
Message
I am happy to note that department of Biotechnology in
Karpaga
Vinayaga
College
of
Engineering
and
Technology is Organizing a National Seminar cum

Workshop on National Seminar cum workshop on
Applications
of
Green
Technologies
for
the
Improvisation of Agro Based System in India A

Biotechnological Approach on 23rd and 24th July, 2015
funded by DST, SERB and NABARD and going to
release the proceeding during this occasion
For past decades KVCET had been rendering Quality
service in the field of Engineering Education by
providing excellent Infrastructure Facilities and the right
team of well qualified staff. This makes KVCET to march
towards confidently in this competitive era.
I express my whole hearted congratulations on this

occasion to all the staff & students of Biotechnology
departments and wish the Seminar cum Workshop a
grand Success.
Director
Dr. SM. Kannan, Ph.D

Principal
Message
Warm and Happy greeting to all. I am immensely happy
that Biotechnology department of our college is
organizing a national Seminar cum workshop on
Applications of green Technologies for the improvisation
of agro based system in India A biotechnological
approach on 23rd and 24th July, 2015 funded by DST,
SERB and NABARD and is going present a collection of
various technical papers in the proceedings.
Under the able guidance of our management KVCET
continues to march on the way of success with
confidence. The sharp, clear sighted vision and precise
decision making of our management has made the
college and students competitive.
I also congratulate HOD, staff members, students of

Biotechnology department, Participants for their efforts
in organizing and participating in this seminar cum
workshop and I wish them all the success.
Principal
Dr. VC. Ravichandran, Ph.D

Advisor
Message
I am extremely happy to understand that the Department

of Biotechnology is organizing a National Seminar cum
workshop on Applications of green Technologies for the
improvisation of agrobased system in India A
biotechnological approach on 23rd and 24th July, 2015
funded by DBT, SERB and NABARD.
The applications of many advanced science and
engineering are to help the nation for its development.
Biotechnology in its present day scenario has a
challenge to provide reliable natural sources to farmers
from the green technology.
It is essential for those professionals of Biotechnology to

get
new
updates
of
energy
and
its
advanced
applications to meet the challenges.

I hope this seminar cum workshop would certainly
induce innovative ideas among the participants paving
way for new inventions and new technologies in the
Biotechnology discipline.
Advisor
Dr. Sultan Ahmed Ismail

Director
Ecoscience Research Foundation
Chennai
Message
Earthworms have always been a subject of interest and
many ancient scientists, sages and poets have sung its
praises.
While
the
Tamil
poet
Manonmanian
Sundaranar has extolled the earthworms as those who

can remediate any type of difficult soil, scientists have
praised the earthworms either as the intestines of the
earth (Aristotle) or as natures plough (Darwin).
Earthworms have always been regarded as friends of
the farmers. Earthworms have a very positive effect on
the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the
soils. The earthworm is a soil biotechnologist and a solid
waste manager.
Earthworms are known to consume
large quantities of organic litter or waste and convert

them into manure, which is used as valuable compost,
known as vermicompost.
The significance of earthworms in soils is manifold.

They are unique among soil invertebrates as they bury
organic debris, mix organic and inorganic matter in their
excreta and modify the structure of the soil through their
burrow systems. Their importance in nutrient cycling,
soil
structure,
soil
health
including
soil
fertility,
productivity, agriculture, and their application in organic

waste
management
has
been
well
established.
Therefore the earthworm is considered as the leader in

revitalization of the soil.
Though a group of beneficial organisms such as
Bacteria,
fungi,
microarthropods
actinomycetes,
protozoans,
(proturans,
spring-tails,
pseudoscorpions, pauropods, symphylids), millipedes,

centipedes, slugs, snails, snakes, rodents, and a host of
flora join the earthworms in maintaining soil health, the
presence of earthworms is an indicator of soil health. To
diagnose soil health one has to feel the pulse of the soil.
Earthworms are the pulse of the soil. Healthier the
pulse, healthier is the soil.
sincerely
congratulate
Biotechnology,
Karpaga
the
Department
Vinayaga
College
of
of
Engineering and Technology, Maduranthagam, for

organizing the National Workshop on "Application of
Vermicomposting
Practices
for
Sustainable
Agricultural Development" sponsored by Department

of Biotechnology, Government of India, and wish the
team all success.
Sultan Ahmed Ismail, Ph.D, D.Sc.,
Dr. V. Karthikeyan
HOD & Organizing Secretary
Message
It is with immense pride and anticipation that I invite
everyone to attend the National Seminar cum workshop
on Applications of green Technologies for the
improvisation of agro based system in India A
biotechnological approach on 23rd and 24th July, 2015
funded by DST, SERB and NABARD.
The Workshop will bring forth cutting-edge topics and
distinguished experts as speakers to foster advanced
studies as well as lively discourse between hundreds of
expected delegates from different parts of the nation.
The Workshop will look forward to the advancement in
Organic farming practices to the farmers in our country.
This Workshop will be familiar and refreshing charms.
Head & Organizing Secretary

CONTENTS
Particulars
Page No.
1. Panchakavyam
01
2. Amirtha karaisal
04
3. Meen Paagu
06
4. Bio Pesticide
08
5. Curd-Herbal Syrup
11
6. Cow Horn Manure
13
7. Cow Pat Pit
15
A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers
1. PANCHAKAVYAM
INGREDIENTS:
Cow Dung
5 kg
Cows Urine
3 litres
Cows Milk
2 litres
Curd
2 litres
Ghee
1 litre
Tender Coconut Water 2 litres

Jaggary
1 kg
Banana
10 Nos
Yeast
25g
Hone
1/2 litres.
Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD
PREPARATION:
Mix equal amounts of fresh cow dung and
ghee into a good consistency.
Store it at room temperature for 3 days[52
hours].
Pour the contents into a 25 litre plastic drum.
Mix well during morning and evening. [By
doing this the methane gas will get liberated].
During the fourth day add the remaining
contents namely milk, curd, tendercoconut
water, banana, honey and yeast.
Mix thoroughly until it reaches watery
consistency. Close the drum.
Mix the contents daily by swirling the contents
in clockwise and counter clockwise direction
for atleast 15 days.
METHOD OF USAGE:
Add 300 ml of the preparation mix to 10 litres of
water and sprinkle on the crops every morning or
evening.
For 1acre
around 100 litres of water is required.
3 litres of Panchakavya is essential.
For a 20 day interval,sprinkle the above mentioned
preparation 2 or 3 times to get best results.
Additionally, add 50g of Khadhi soap in water and
sprinkle it on the crops. It enhances crop growth
besides its potent role as a pesticide.
2. AMIRTHA KARAISAL
[JEEVA-AMIRTHAM]
INGREDIENTS:
200 litres Capacity plastic drum
Water
200 litres
Cow dung
10 kg
Cows Urine
10 litres
Jaggary
1 kg
Powdered pulses
2kg
Wet soil
Handful
PREPARATION:
Add 10 kg of fresh cow dung, 10 litres of
cows urine, jaggary and powdered pulses to
200 litres of water.
Add handful of soil to it.Mix thoroughly for a

few days.
The preparation will be ready in 3 days.
METHOD OF USAGE:
Add 1 litre of the above preparation to 10 litres of
water and sprinkle it on the crops.
APPLICATION:
It increases the growth of microbes in the soil.
The roots of the crops will become dense.
The
growth
Acetobacter,
of
Azospirillum,
Pseudomonas
Rhizobium,
viridae
and
Phosphobacteria will be enhanced.
3. MEEN-PAAGU [FISH AMINO ACID]

INGREDIENTS:
2 litre capacity plastic drum
Fish
1kg
Jaggary
1kg
Tender coconut water
1litre
PREPARATION:
Cut the fishes into small pieces and place them
in a clean vessel.
Add finely grated jaggary and tender coconut
water to it and mix well. Close the vessel
properly.
Allow it to stand undisturbed for 30 days.
Then, filter the contents carefully with a clean

nylon cloth and collect the filtrate .Collect it in
an air tight bottle.
The remaining contents {Fish pieces} can be
reused by repeating steps 1 and 2.Allow the
contents to stand for 15 to 20 days.Filter the
contents and collect the filterate.
METHOD OF USAGE:
Add 50 ml of the above preparation in 10 litres of
water.
Sprinkle them on all kinds of crops during
evening.
Sprinkling can be done on the crops once in 20
days.
4. BIO-PESTICIDE
INGREDIENTS:
100 litre capacity plastic drum
Neem leaves
1kg
Pongamiagladira leaves
1kg
Nochi leaves
1kg
Erukkam leaves
1kg
Pirandai leaves
1kg
Cow Dung
5kg
Cows Urine
10litres
Jaggary
1kg
Rag Bags
2 Nos
PREPARATION:
The above mentioned leaves are ground well
and tied properly in rag bags.
Take another rag bag and fill it with fresh cow
dung.
Add 90 litres of water, 10 litres of cows
urine,1 kg jaggary in a large plastic tankand
mix well.
Lower the two rags bags into the plastic tank
such that they are completely submerged in the
slurry.
Mix the contents thoroughly for 15 days
METHOD OF USAGE:
Take 1 litre of the above preparation in 10 litres of
water and sprinkle on the crops once In 25 days.
APPLICATION:
It acts as a pesticide and increases the growth rate
of the plants.
10
5. HERBAL SYRUP
INGREDIENTS:
Powdered Neem seed
1 Kg
Curd
2 litres
Cows Urine
3 litres
Kaddukai Powder
25g
Adhimaduram Powder
25g
Fenugreek Powder
25g
Water
5 Litres
PREPARATION:
Soak neem seeds by tying them using a clean
piece of cloth for 24 hours.
Filter the contents carefully.
11
To the filtrate add 3 litres of cows urine, 2

litres curd, kaddukai powder,adhimaduram
powder and fenugreek powder. Mix well and
store it for 7 days.
METHOD OF USAGE:
1 litre of the preparation is mixed with 10 litres of
water.
During flowering time, sprinkle it on the crops
during morning and evening.
APPLICATION:
It enhances/induces flowering of crops.
12
6. COW HORN MANURE (BD 500)

Cow horn-manure, a humus mixture prepared
by filling the horn of a cow with cow manure
and burying it in the ground (4060 cm below
the surface) and covered with good quality
compost. The pit should be kept cool by
mulching with debris, coconut fronds etc., the
preparation was ready after three- four months.
It is used at the rate of 25 grams in 13 litres of
water and stirred for one hour making a vortex
then be sprinkled with a broom sticks. With
regular application of BD 500 will give a soil to
improve humus formation, soil tilth, earthworm
activity.
13
7. COW PAT PIT

Cow pat pit known as CPP, is specialized type
of compost. It refers to cow manure mixed with
crushed egg shell and rock dust. Cow pat pit
(CPP) structures were constructed
and BD
preparations (BD 502-507 ) inoculated in Cow

dung, egg shell and rock at the rate of 60kg,
200g, 300g respectively.CPP was turned once
every 15 days and moisture content maintained
by
sprinkling
water.
Use
as
ground
application at 1kg per acre CPP to 40 litres of

water and stir for 10 minutes. It contains a wide
range
of
microbial
population,
growth
promoting hormones, which can be very

helpful in many areas of agricultural and
horticulture.
14
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15
A Manual on Preparation of organic fertilizers
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Njq;fha; ehHf;fopTfs;
jahhpf;Fk; Kiw:
gRkhl;L
nfhk;gpid
vLj;J
mjDs;
Njitahd msT fwit khl;bd; rhzj;ij

mOj;jkhf epug;gTk;.
nfhk;gpd;
tha;g;Gwj;ij
Njq;fha;
ehH
fopTfshy; fhw;WGfhjthW epug;gTk;.

khl;L nfhk;ig Gijf;Fk; Kiw:
40 Kjy; 60 nr.kP msT MoKs;s Fopia
Njhz;lTk;.
13
gpd;G Kd;dH epug;gp itj;j khl;Lf;nfhk;gpd;

tha;g;Gwk; G+kpia Nehf;fp ,Uf;FkhW
Gijf;fTk;.
%d;W Kjy; ehd;F khjq;fSf;F gpwF
Fopapid Njhz;b Gijj;J itj;j khl;L
nfhk;Gfis Nrfupf;fTk;.
gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw:
25fpuhk; cuj;ij 13 ypl;lH jz;zPhpy; ed;whf
fyf;fp
fhiy
my;yJ
khiy
Ntisapy;
gapHfSf;F njspf;fyhk;.
gad;fs;:
,J
gapH
tsj;ijAk;>
tsHr;rpA+f;fpahfTk;>
kz;GOtpd;
kz;
nray;jpwid
Nkk;gLj;JfpwJ.
----------------------------------------------------------------
14
7. %ypif rhz cuk;

Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
khl;L rhzk; -60fpNyh
Kl;il XL
-200fpuhk;
Mo;Jis fpzw;W kz; (NghHnty; kz;) 300fpuhk;

jahhpf;Fk; Kiw:
khl;L rhzk;> Kl;il XL> fpzw;W kz;
Mfpatw;iw ed;whf fyf;fTk;.
Fop vLj;jy;:
xU kPl;lH mfyk; miu kPl;lH ePsk; kw;Wk;
45-
90nr.kP
Mok;
nfhz;l
Fopapid
Njhz;lTk;.
mjpy; nrq;fw;fis Fopapd; ntspg;Gwj;jpy;
mLf;fTk;.
15
mf;FopapDs; rhzf;fyitia ,l;L gpd;G

gNahildkpf; (502-507) Nrh;f;fTk;.
,f;Fopapid <u rhf;fpid nfhz;L %lTk;.
gpd;G 15 ehl;fSf;F xUKiw fyitia
jpUg;gp tpl;L jz;zPH njspf;fTk;.
45
ehl;fSf;F
gpwF
cuj;jpid
gad;gLj;jyhk;.
gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw:
%ypif rhz cuj;ij Vf;fUf;F xU fpNyh
tPjk;
mbAukhfNth
jz;zPhpy;
fye;J
my;yJ
njspg;ghd;
40
ypl;lH
nfhz;L
njspf;fyhk;.
16
Particulars
S.No.
Content
Pg.
No
STUDIES ON ETHANOL PRODUCTION

FROM SPOILED FRUITS BY BATCH
FERMENTATIONS
S.KARUNAKARAN, ARCHANA.R and
KOMATHISREE P.S

FERMENTATIONS
S.KARUNAKARAN, ARCHANA.R, and
KOMATHISREE P.S
PRODUCTION OF VERMICOMPOST
AND VERMIWASH
SWATHI.A
ISOLATION AND
CHARACTERIZATION OF
ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS DEGRADING
BACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM
AGRICULTURAL SOIL
STEPHY MARY.A, PRIYA.T AND
MS.J.ESTHER HELLAN PRASANNA
SYNTHESIS AND
CHARECTERIZATION OF SILICA
10
NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUG

DELIVERY IN CANCER TREATMENT
S. DHANASEKARAN, S.
KARUNAKARAN, P. JAYANTHI AND P.
PRATHEEPA
6
STUDIES ON PRODUCTION OF
LACCASE FROM Pleurotus sp.
S.SUSHMITHA, S.MUSILIN WINMIKCA
AND PENNARASI
13
EFFECT OF AZOLLA AND SEA WEED
15
EXTRACT ON
GERMINATION OF
VARIOUS CROPS A COMPARATIVE

STUDY
R. Sripriya, S. Nancy Roy and
P.K.Gayathri
Nat. Appl. Green Tech. Impro. Agro in India A Biotech. Approach

FERMENTATIONS
S.KARUNAKARAN, ARCHANA.R and

KOMATHISREE P.S.
Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women
Elayampalayam, Tiruchengodu
ABSTRACT:India is the second major producer of fruits and
vegetables. In the world, particularly grapeOrange, apple,
pineapple, banana, and papaya (Carica Papaya) some
microorganisms isolatedfrom the peels, pulp and juice,
ash, pH, moisture, lipid, especially Acetobacter aceti,
Clostridium butyrium, Bacillus sp and Micrococcus, some
fungal microbes. Aspergillus flavus, A.niger,penicillium,
chrysogenum,
and
Fusarium
species
were
best
fermentation process and gives thenutritive values. The

maximum amount of nutritive compounds were present in
papaya, fruitsthere composition of papaya was moisture
content 8.5 to 93.1 calcium, Phosphorus 6.8 to
8.9%,Protein 0.47 to 2.15 and fat 0.04 to 0.5%
respectively. Papaya Juice had the best organileinicquality
however the most ethanol distillate was produced from
Papaya. The papaya fruit pulpfrom raw starch Hydrolate
are attractive resources for economical production of
ethanol.
Key words: Papaya fruits, sacharification, Alcoholic
fermentation, Distillation.

FERMENTATIONS
S.KARUNAKARAN, ARCHANA.R, and

KOMATHISREE P.S.
ABSTRACT:India is the second major producer of fruits and

vegetables. In the world, particularly grape Orange, apple,
pineapple, banana, and papaya (Carica Papaya) some
microorganisms isolated from the peels, pulp and juice,
ash, pH, moisture, lipid, especially Acetobacter aceti,
Clostridium butyrium, Bacillussp and Micrococcus, some
fungal microbes. Aspergillus flavus, A.niger, penicillium,

chrysogenum,
and
Fusarium
species
were
best
fermentation process and gives the nutritive values. The

maximum amount of nutritive compounds were present in
papaya, fruits there composition of papaya was moisture
content 8.5 to 93.1 calcium, Phosphorus 6.8 to 8.9%,
Protein 0.47 to 2.15 and fat 0.04 to 0.5% respectively.
Papaya Juice had the best organileinic quality however
the most ethanol distillate was produced from Papaya.
The papaya fruit pulp from raw starch Hydrolate are
attractive resources for economical production of ethanol.
Key words: Papaya fruits, sacharification, Alcoholic
fermentation, Distillation.
PRODUCTION OF VERMICOMPOST AND

VERMIWASH
SWATHI. A
Dept of Biotechnology,
Rajalakshmi Engineering College
Thandalam, Chennai
swathiadi15@gmail.com
Abstract
Waste management is one of the major issues faced
all around the world.Vermicompost is emerging as
environmentally sustainable economically viable and
socially acceptable technology all over the world in
addressing this issue. Vermicomposting is performed to
convert domestic farmland waste into manure which has a
good NPK content and suitable for use. Vermicomposting
is a process in which earthworms are employed for
biodegradation of organic waste. Earthworms feed on
organic waste and its excreta enhances the nutrient

content of the manure.
Special bins are used for
vermicomposting in order to collect Vermiwash which is

a potent liquid bio fertilizer. Also the bins are portable
and easy to handle hence providing a much advantageous
production method. In this process earthworms along with
alittle amount of soil and pre-degraded wastes were
layered in the bin. The whole process of degradation was
carefully monitored, keeping in check, all the key
parameters like predators for one month. The bio manure
along with the Vermiwash was collected regularly after
10 days. Vermicompost was collected at the end of this
period.
The
Vermiwash
and
Vermicompost
was
experimented and the various results have been

documented including NPK content which was obtained
as 0.013%, 1.715%, 24 ppm and 1.25%, 0.19%,
0.28%respectively. The study shows various techniques
and difficulties faced during the process which resulted in

narrowing down to few efficient ones. The field
experiment studied on the weekly basis by implementing
this production of Vermicompost and Vermiwash proved
satisfactory, the results of which along with the avenues
for future development in it is also discussed in this paper.
KEY WORDS:
Vermicompost, Vermiwash, bins, nutrient value.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF

ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS DEGRADING
BACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM
AGRICULTURAL SOIL
Stephy Mary.A, Priya.T and Ms.J.Esther Hellan
Prasanna
Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women,
ABSTRACT
Organophosphorous pesticides are the worlds most
widely used pesticides in agriculture. Exposure of these
pesticides and its metabolites have been related to a
variety of nerve disorders in humans. Microbial
degradation is considered to be a cost effective method
for
decontamination
of
toxic
organophosphorous
pesticides from the environment. In this study we isolated

the bacteria from different agricultural field soil to

degrade
the
Organophosphorous
pesticides
(Monocrotophos, Dichlorovos, chloropyrifos, diozinon)

as a soul carbon source. And the results of biochemical
tests shows that Bacillus sp. Proteus sp. serratia
sp.effectively degrade the organophosphorus pesticides.
16s rRNA Gene sequencing results show that Bacillus sp
is responsible for degrading MCP Pesticide than others.
Ussing thin layer chromatography technique find out the
RF values that confirms the genus. It is evident from the
results that the isolated Bacillus sp. could be used for
bioremediate
the
area
contaminated
with
organophosphorous pesticides. Thus we can remediate the

environmental pollution.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARECTERIZATION OF

SILICA NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUG
DELIVERY IN CANCER TREATMENT
S. Dhanasekaran, S. Karunakaran, P. Jayanthi and P.
Pratheepa
ABSTRACT
Cancer is a potentially fatal disease caused mainly by
environmental factors that mutate genes encoding critical
cell-regulatory proteins Lung cancer is one of the most
common types of cancer and cases in increasing yearly
wordwide. The resultant aberrant cell behavior leads to
expansive masses of abnormal cells that destroy
surrounding normal tissue and can spread to vital organs
resulting in disseminated disease, commonly a harbinger
of imminent patient death. Cancer is a complex genetic
10
disease that is caused primarily by environmental factors.

The cancer-causing agents (carcinogens) can be present in
food and water, in the air,
and in chemicals and sunlight that people are exposed .
Nanoparticle drug delivery is one area of recent
research significance since incorporation of drug to nano
particles enhances therapeutic effectiveness and reduces
side effects of the drug payloads improving their
pharmacokinetics. In the present study Mesoporous silica
nanoparticles were synthesized, loaded with anticancer
drug 5FU and characterized by Zeta analysis to have a
average size of 288nm. The drug release studies shows
sustained release of drug. In vitro anticancer activity on
lung carcinoma cells shows increased cell death in a dose
dependent manner. Induction of apoptosis was evident
from fluorescent staining. From the results it can be
suggested that Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded
11
with 5 FU can be considered as a potent candidate for

chemotherapy.
12
Studies on production of laccase from

Pleurotus sp.
S.Sushmitha, S.Musilin Winmikca and Pennarasi
Tiruchengodu
ABSTRACT
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic substance
present in biosphere mainly secondary cell walls of plants
and few algae.It is a non-carbohydrate aromatic
heteropolymer composed of phenylpropanoid units linked
through a variety of non hydrolysable C-C and C-O-C
bonds.Research on lignin is important for conversion of
solid
organic
waste
into
production
of
valuable
compounds like biofuel and maintenance of global carbon

cycling in the field of environmental engineering.This
recalcitrant organic compound has been effectively
degraded by microbes like fungi,actinomycetes and
bacteria through oxidation process.Laccasses are copper
13
containing lignin degrading enzymes often extracellular in

nature.They use molecular oxygen to oxidize a wide
range of aromatic compounds. A Pleurotus sp showed
positive for laccase, lignin peroxidase and manganese
peroxidase production. The growth of the test strain and
laccase production was high in lignin degrading enzymes.
Numerous substrates are used for enzyme activity.
Laccase isozymes have been purified 32.4-fold from the
crude
enzyme
protein
through
anion
exchange
chromatography, preparative gel electrophoresis, and

electro elution. Their estimated molecular weights are
3.543 kDa. Pleurotus sp has potential applications for the
cleanup of industrial effluents in paper and pulp industry.
14
EFFECT OF AZOLLA AND SEA WEED

EXTRACT ON
GERMINATION OF
VARIOUS CROPS A COMPARATIVE

STUDY
R. Sripriya, S. Nancy Roy and P.K.Gayathri
Dept of Biotechnology,
Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala
Engg. College, Chennai - 62
ABSTRACT
A comparative study of biofertilizers (Azolla and
seaweed) was carried out. Azolla (Azollapinnata) and
Seaweed
(Enteromorphaintestinalis)
contain
considerable amount of micronutrients and some plant

growth hormones which helps plant growth and also in
germination.
Seeds
of
Abelmoschusesculentus,
Solanumlycopersicum and Vignaunguiculata were

15
treated withAzolla liquid fertilizer extracted from dried

Azolla. The result showed that20% concentration of
aqueous extract of Azolla promoted better germination
and growth. The above mentioned procedure was also
followed for seaweed extract . We analyzed nearly the
same germination rate for seaweed extract in
comparison with Azolla extract. However, the plant
growth observed in seaweed extract waslow. From this
experiment, we came to know that seaweed can also be
used as an alternate for the development of crops.
Keywords:
Azolla,
Seaweed,
Biofertilizer,
Germination.
16
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National Seminar cum Workshop on

Applications of Green Technologies for the

23 & 24 July 2015

National Seminar cum Workshop on

Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, New Delhi

Mrs. Meenakshi Annamalai, M.Sc. (Ph.D)

Technology is Organizing a National Seminar cum

Improvisation of Agro Based System in India A

I express my whole hearted congratulations on this

Dr. SM. Kannan, Ph.D

I also congratulate HOD, staff members, students of

Dr. VC. Ravichandran, Ph.D

I am extremely happy to understand that the Department

It is essential for those professionals of Biotechnology to

applications to meet the challenges.

Dr. Sultan Ahmed Ismail

Sundaranar has extolled the earthworms as those who

Earthworms are known to consume

large quantities of organic litter or waste and convert

The significance of earthworms in soils is manifold.

productivity, agriculture, and their application in organic

Therefore the earthworm is considered as the leader in

pseudoscorpions, pauropods, symphylids), millipedes,

Engineering and Technology, Maduranthagam, for

Agricultural Development" sponsored by Department

Head & Organizing Secretary

6. Cow Horn Manure

7. Cow Pat Pit

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

Tender Coconut Water 2 litres

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

Add handful of soil to it.Mix thoroughly for a

Phosphobacteria will be enhanced.

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

3. MEEN-PAAGU [FISH AMINO ACID]

Tender coconut water

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

Then, filter the contents carefully with a clean

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

To the filtrate add 3 litres of cows urine, 2

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

6. COW HORN MANURE (BD 500)

Sponsored by: DBT, SERB, NABARD

A Manual on Preparation of Organic Fertilizers

7. COW PAT PIT

preparations (BD 502-507 ) inoculated in Cow

application at 1kg per acre CPP to 40 litres of

promoting hormones, which can be very