MAT351T_WR3_2014A

QUESTION 1
1.1

[12]

t 1
0,
2
Consider the function f t t 1, 1 t 2
0,
t2

1.1.1 Write f in terms of a Heaviside / unit step function.

(3)

f t t 2 1 H t 1 H t 2

1.1.2 Sketch the function of f on the interval 3 t 3.

(3)

y4
2

-3

1.2

-2

-1

Determine the Laplace transform, G s of the function g (t ) t 2 1 H (t 2).

t 2 1 t 2 2 1
2

f t 2 t 2 1

OR

t 2 4 t 2 4 1

f t t 2 1

f t 2 t 2 4 t 2 5

t 2 4t 5

f t t 2 4t 5 F s

(4)

2 4 5

s3 s 2 s

F s

2 4 5

s3 s 2 s

2 4 5
G s 3 2 e2 s
s
s s

1.3

Determine the inverse Laplace transform, f t of F s

1
1
G s
2 s 12

1
.
2s 1

(2)

1 1t
f t e 2
2
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MAT351T_WR3_2014A

QUESTION 2
2.1

Determine whether the differential equation 3x tan y 1 dx x sec y 1 dy 0 is exact,

2

[12]

and then solve the equation.

(5)

3 2
x sec y 1 3x 2 sec2 y

3x 2 tan y 1 3x 2 sec2 y

y
P Q
therefore the DE is exact.

x x
Method I
The solution is of the form

F x, y 3x 2 tan y 1
x
F x, y x3 tan y x k y

Method II

3x tan y 1 x x tan y x K y
x sec y 1 y x tan y y K x
2

F x, y x3 sec2 y k y x3 sec2 y 1
y
y

k y 1 k y y
y

solution

x3 tan y x y C

F x, y x3 tan y x y C
2.2

Determine the particular solution of the differential equation xy ' x 1 y x 2 ,

y ' 0 0.

1
y ' 1 y x
x

1 x dx

e x ln x
1
ex
x
1
1
y. e x x. e x dx
x
x
y x
e ex C
x
y x Cxe x

Re

y ' 1 Ce x Cxe x

y ' 0 0 0 1 C C 1
Particular solution: y x xe x

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(7)

MAT351T_WR3_2014A

QUESTION 3

[11]

Use the method of undetermined coefficients to solve the following initial value problem:

y '' 2 y ' y et ,

y 0 0,

y ' 0 1.

(11)

m2 2m 1 0 m 1 twice
yc At B et
Trial solution:

y ' 2Cte t Ct 2e t

t
t
2 t
y '' 2Ce 4Cte Ct e
y Ct 2e t

2Ce

4Ctet Ct 2et 2 2Ctet Ct 2et Ct 2et et

2Cet et C

1
2

Particular integral:
1
y p t 2e t
2

General solution:
t2

y At B et
2

y ' t 2 A et t 2 At B et
2

y 0 0 B 0

y ' 0 1 1 A B A 1

Particular solution:
t2
Therefore y t et
2

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MAT351T_WR3_2014A

QUESTION 4

[6]

Use Laplace Transforms to solve the following 2nd order differential equation
y '' 2 y ' y et with initial conditions y 0 0 and y ' 0 1.

(6)

1
s Y s s y 0 y ' 0 2 sY s y 0 Y s
s 1

2s 1Y s 1

Y s
Y s

s 1

s 1

11

1
s 1

s 1

1
2!
2 s 121

1
y t tet t 2et
2

QUESTION 5

[13]

0 1
We consider the differential equation X '
X
1 2
5.1

0 1
Determine the eigenvalue(s) of the coefficient matrix
.
1 2

(3)

1
0
1 2

2 1 0

2 2 1 0

1 twice
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MAT351T_WR3_2014A
5.2

t 1 t
0 1
1
Show that X 1 et and X 2
e are solution vectors to equation X '

X.
t
1 2
1

(5)

For X 1 we have

1
LHS X 1' et
1
0 1 1 t
1
RHS
e et

1 2 1
1
LHS RHS X1 is a solution vector.

For X 2 it follows that

1
t 1 t t t
LHS X 2' et
e 1 t e
1
t

0 1 t 1 t t t
RHS

e 1 t e
1 2 t

LHS RHS X 2 is a solution vector.

5.3

Write the general solution of the system as two separate equations.

(2)

1
t 1 t
X c1 et c2
e
1
t

x c1 c2 c2t et
y c1 c2t et
5.4

0
Determine the particular solution of the system if X 0 .
1

(3)

x 0 0 c1 c2 0
y 0 1 c1 1
therefore c2 1

Particular Solution : x tet

y 1 t et

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MAT351T_WR3_2014A

QUESTION 6

[11]

Consider the function f defined by:

x 1,
f x
x 1,

1 x 0
0 x 1

and f x 2 f x .

6.1 Sketch one cycle of f .

(2)

6.2

(2)

Is f odd, even or neither. Motivate.

f is odd. f is symmetric about the origin.

6.3

Determine the first three non-zero terms of the Fourier series of f.

(7)

a0 0 an

l 1
bn

2
n x
x 1 sin

dx

1 0
1

x 1

1
2
cos n x 2 2 sin n x
n
n
0
2

n
1

b1

b2

2
2

b3

2
3

2
2
2
f x sin x
sin 2 x sin 3 x

2
3

Total [65]
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