Analysis of main pollution source of

NOx, SOx, VOC/odour and waste

water in the BSR
Miroslaw Dors
Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Gdansk, Poland

1. Introduction
This report is a compilation of data taken from the European Environment Agency concerning emissions of NO x,
SO2 and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in 2009 in Baltic Sea Region countries united in the EU. These are
most recent data available, which means that those from 2010 are still not published. It must be noted that for
the VOC there are no data on methane emission, so this group is called in European reports as NMVOC, i.e nonmethane volatile organic compounds.
As for the waste water there are data on nutrients emitted to water, however, this type of pollution is not a
subject of plasma-based cleaning technologies. In this report only data on oil discharging accidents in the Baltic
Sea ports are presented.
The report is organized so that to have a look on the emission sources in each of the BSR EU country.

2. National total emissions in 2009 and ceilings for 2010

Figures 1 to 3 presents national total emission of pollutants for the entire territory comprising the aggregated
1
NFR09 sectors (excluding memo items) reported by countries corresponding to anthropogenic (man-made)
emissions. Natural emission sources and re-suspension are not included in the reported national totals.
National emission ceiling means the maximum amount of a substance expressed in kilotonnes, which may be
emitted from a EU Member State in a calendar year. Ceilings were published in the Directive 2001/81/EC of the
European Parliament.

The Nomenclature for Reporting (NFR09) reporting format are developed by EMEP/TFEIP and documented in
the 2009 UNECE/EMEP Emission Reporting Guidelines
(http://www.ceip.at/fileadmin/inhalte/emep/reporting_2009/Rep_Guidelines_ECE_EB_AIR_97_e.pdf). EU
Member States report emissions data using the NFR classification system. The NFR format uses around 100
categories to describe emission sources.

1600

NOx Emissions (kt)

1400
1200

Emissions in 2009
Ceiling 2010

1000
800
600
400
200
0

Figure 1. National total emission of NOx

1600

SO2 Emissions (kt)

1400
1200

Emissions in 2009
Ceiling in 2010

1000
800
600
400
200
0

Figure 2. National total emission of SO2

VOC Emissions (kt)

1400
1200

Emissions in 2009

1000

Ceiling in 2010

800
600

400
200
0

Figure 3. National total emission of VOC

As it is seen, all countries already in 2009 gained the SO2 emission ceilings, which means that they introduced
successfully economical and technological tools limiting SO2 emission. In the case of VOC only Germany and
Denmark could not meet the ceiling yet. Since data for emissions in 2010 are still not available we do not know
whether recently these countries made the emission of SO2 and VOC lower or not.

3. National emissions by sources

Below are presented emissions of NOx, SO2 and VOC in each BSR EU country by 49 of NFR09 sectors. Data in
figures are combined in the following groups:
Group 1a1 and 1a2: public power and industrial combustion,
Group 1a3: transport (roads, railways and shipping).
Group 2: industrial process,
Group 3: solvents.

Denmark

Figure 4. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 5. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 6. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 7. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 8. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 9. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 10. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 11. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 12. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 13. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

Estonia

Figure 14. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 15. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 16. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 17. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 18. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 19. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 20. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 21. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 22. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 23. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

Finland

Figure 24. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 25. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 26. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 27. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 28. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 29. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 30. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 31. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 32. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 33. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

Germany

Figure 34. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 35. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 36. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 37. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 38. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 39. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 40. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 41. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 42. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 43. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

Latvia

Figure 44. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 45. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 46. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 47. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 48. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 49. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 50. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 51. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 52. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 53. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

Lithuania

Figure 54. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 55. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 56. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 57. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 58. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 59. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 60. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 61. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 62. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 63. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

Poland

Figure 64. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 65. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 66. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 67. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 68. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 69. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 70. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 71. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 72. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 73. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

Sweden

Figure 74. Emissions of NOx in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 75. Emissions of NOx in transport sectors

Figure 76. Emissions of NOx in industry

Figure 77. Emissions of SO2 in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 78. Emissions of SO2 in transport sectors

Figure 79. Emissions of SO2 in industry

Figure 80. Emissions of VOC in public power and industrial combustion

Figure 81. Emissions of VOC in transport sectors

Figure 82. Emissions of VOC in industry

Figure 83. Emissions of VOC in processes using solvents

4. Analysis of emissions and their sources in the BSR

Great number of data presented above can be analyzed in different ways. Since the aim of this report is to
show the main sources of emissions in the BSR, we limited the analysis to present main sectors responsible for
the largest emission in 2009. They are collected in 3 tables, separately for each pollutant: NOx, SO2 and VOC.
As it is seen, the highest contribution to the NOx and SO2 emission come from power plants and road transport
in Germany and Poland. Main sources of VOC are also located in Germany. However, it must be pointed out
that data presented concern countries as a whole, whereas society of Baltic regions suffer mostly from
pollutants emitted in their regions. Unfortunately, data from regions are not available, not mentioning specific
objects, like names of power plants and factories.
Table 1. Main sources of NOx emission in the BSR countries in 2009
Sector
Road transport: Heavy duty vehicles
Public Electricity and Heat Production
Public Electricity and Heat Production
Road transport: Passenger cars
Road transport: Heavy duty vehicles
Road transport: Passenger cars
Stationary combustion in manufacturing industries and
construction: Other
Stationary combustion in manufacturing industries and
construction: Other

Country
Germany
Germany
Poland
Germany
Poland
Poland
Poland

Emissions - 2009
kt
%
310.65
14.23
271.27
12.43
260.68
11.94
206.65
9.47
130.63
5.98
96.15
4.40
95.31
4.37

Germany

73.88

3.38

Table 2. Main sources of SO2 emission in the BSR countries in 2009

Sector
1 A 1 a Public Electricity and Heat Production
1 A 1 a Public Electricity and Heat Production
1 A 2 f i Stationary combustion in manufacturing industries
and construction: Other
1 A 1 a Public Electricity and Heat Production
1 A 1 b Petroleum refining
1 A 2 f i Stationary combustion in manufacturing industries
and construction: Other
2 C 1 Iron and steel production
2 B 5 a Other chemical industry
1 A 1 b Petroleum refining
1 A 1 a Public Electricity and Heat Production

Country
Poland
Germany
Poland

Emissions - 2009
kt
%
419.81
36.74
185.81
16.26
157.06
13.74

Estonia
Germany
Germany

48.53
42.93
40.14

4.25
3.76
3.51

Germany
Germany
Poland
Finland

27.30
25.69
25.54
25.33

2.39
2.25
2.23
2.22

Table 3. Main sources of VOC emission in the BSR countries in 2009

Sector
3 A 2 Industrial coating application
3 D 3 Other product use
3 A 1 Decorative coating application
3 D 1 Printing
3 D 2 Domestic solvent use including fungicides
3 A 2 Industrial coating application
3 D 3 Other product use
3 C Chemical products
1 A 3 b i Road transport: Passenger cars
1 A 3 b i Road transport: Passenger cars
3 D 2 Domestic solvent use including fungicides
3 B 2 Dry cleaning
1 A 3 b v Road transport: Gasoline evaporation
1 A 3 b iii Road transport: Heavy duty vehicles

Country
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Poland
Sweden
Germany
Germany
Poland
Poland
Germany
Poland
Poland

Emissions - 2009
kt
%
148.41
9.28
137.71
8.61
101.03
6.32
92.89
5.81
70.65
4.42
68.19
4.27
59.49
3.72
53.87
3.37
51.79
3.24
48.90
3.06
45.76
2.86
44.53
2.79
43.12
2.70
31.95
2.00