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Cultura Documentos
Rockwell
Vickers
Brinell and Universal
ISO 6508 / ASTM E 18 ISO 6507 / ASTM E 384 ISO 6506 / ASTM E 10
minimum thickness:
token
indenter
pre-force [N]
total-load [N]
scale range
HRC
diamond cone
98.07
1471
2070 HRC
HRD
diamond cone
98.07
980.7
4077 HRD
HRA
diamond cone
98.07
588.4
6095 HRA
HRG
1/16" HM-ball
98.07
1471
3094 HRG
HRB
1/16" HM-ball
98.07
980.7
10100 HRB
HRF
1/16" HM-ball
98.07
588.4
60100 HRF
HRK
1/8" HM-ball
98.07
1471
40100 HRK
HRE
1/8" HM-ball
98.07
980.7
70100 HRE
HRH
1/8" HM-ball
98.07
588.4
80100 HRH
HR15N
diamond cone
29.42
147.1
7094 HR15N
HR30N
diamond cone
29.42
294.2
4286 HR30N
HR45N
diamond cone
29.42
441.3
2077 HR45N
HR15T
1/16" HM-ball
29.42
147.1
6793 HR15T
HR30T
1/16" HM-ball
29.42
294.2
2982 HR30T
HR45T
1/16" HM-ball
29.42
441.3
1072 HR45T
10h (cone)
1.5d (ball)
Conversion of hardness to hardness and hardness to tensile strenght for unalloyed and
low-alloy steels and cast iron (extract of ISO 18265 table A.1)
HRB
Measurement
Measurement
Position
position
(d : h 7 : 1)
Definition
HB = 0.102 F/A
= 0.102 2F/ ( D(D-D-d))
F ... Test load in N
A ... Indentation surface in mm
D ... ball indentor dia. in mm
d ... arithmetic average from two
measured indentation
HB
Rm
HRA
62.4
62.0
61.6
61.2
60.7
HR15N
77.4
76.8
76.2
75.6
74.9
74.6
74.2
73.8
73.4
73.0
72.6
72.1
HR30N
54.4
53.6
52.3
51.3
50.2
49.7
49.0
48.4
47.8
47.2
46.4
45.7
HR45N
36.5
35.2
33.9
32.5
31.1
30.4
29.5
28.7
27.9
27.1
26.2
25.2
HV
340.0
330.0
320.0
310.0
300.0
295.0
290.0
285.0
280.0
275.0
270.0
265.0
HB
323.0
313.0
304.0
294.0
285.0
280.0
275.0
271.0
266.0
261.0
256.0
252.0
Rm
1095.0
1060.0
1030.0
995.0
965.0
950.0
930.0
915.0
900.0
880.0
865.0
850.0
HRC
24.0
23.1
22.2
21.3
20.3
HRD
43.1
42.2
41.7
41.1
40.3
HR15T
HR30T
HR45T
93.0
92.8
92.5
92.3
92.1
91.9
91.7
91.5
91.2
90.9
90.6
90.3
90.0
89.6
89.3
89.0
88.5
88.0
87.5
87.0
86.5
86.0
85.5
85.0
84.5
83.8
83.0
82.2
81.5
80.8
80.0
79.0
77.5
76.0
74.0
82.0
81.6
81.3
81.0
80.6
80.2
79.7
79.2
78.5
78.0
77.5
77.0
76.4
75.8
75.2
74.6
74.0
73.5
72.5
71.2
70.0
69.0
68.0
67.0
65.5
64.0
62.5
61.5
59.5
58.0
56.0
53.5
51.0
48.5
43.5
72.0
71.5
70.8
70.0
69.4
68.7
68.0
67.0
66.0
65.5
64.5
63.5
62.5
61.5
60.4
59.3
58.6
58.0
56.4
54.7
53.0
51.0
50.0
48.5
46.5
44.5
42.5
40.5
38.0
35.5
32.0
29.0
25.0
20.5
13.5
HV
260.0
255.0
250.0
245.0
240.0
235.0
230.0
225.0
220.0
215.0
210.0
205.0
200.0
195.0
190.0
185.0
180.0
175.0
170.0
165.0
160.0
155.0
150.0
145.0
140.0
135.0
130.0
125.0
120.0
115.0
110.0
105.0
100.0
95.0
90.0
85.0
80.0
HB
247.0
242.0
237.0
233.0
228.0
223.0
219.0
214.0
209.0
204.0
199.0
195.0
190.0
185.0
181.0
176.0
171.0
166.0
162.0
156.0
152.0
147.0
143.0
138.0
133.0
128.0
124.0
119.0
114.0
109.0
105.0
100.0
95.0
90.0
85.0
81.0
76.0
Rm
835.0
820.0
800.0
785.0
770.0
755.0
740.0
720.0
705.0
690.0
675.0
660.0
640.0
625.0
610.0
595.0
575.0
560.0
545.0
530.0
510.0
495.0
480.0
465.0
450.0
430.0
415.0
400.0
385.0
370.0
350.0
335.0
320.0
305.0
285.0
270.0
255.0
D=1
0.08
0.18
0.33
0.54
0.80
3.4
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
2.0
D=2.5
0.29
0.40
0.53
0.67
0.83
1.02
1.23
1.46
1.72
2.00
1.8
Ro
1.6
ck
1.4
HR
1.2
TS
up
erfi
we
ll D
oc
NS
0.8
lR
HR
iam
on
cia
1.0
.)
Intelligent Testing
HRB
101.0
100.0
99.5
98.8
98.1
97.4
96.7
96.0
95.0
94.0
93.5
92.5
91.5
90.5
89.5
88.3
87.1
86.0
85.0
83.2
81.7
80.2
78.7
76.8
75.0
73.0
71.2
69.0
66.7
64.5
62.3
59.3
56.2
52.0
48.0
41.0
HRD
51.1
50.2
49.4
48.4
47.5
47.1
46.5
46.0
45.3
44.9
44.3
43.7
tc
2180.0
2145.0
2105.0
2070.0
2030.0
1995.0
1955.0
1920.0
1880.0
1845.0
1810.0
1775.0
1740.0
1700.0
1665.0
1630.0
1595.0
1555.0
1520.0
1485.0
1455.0
1420.0
1385.0
1350.0
1320.0
1290.0
1255.0
1220.0
1190.0
1155.0
1125.0
105.0
104.5
104.0
103.0
102.0
101.5
HRC
34.4
33.3
32.2
31.0
29.8
29.2
28.5
27.8
27.1
26.4
25.6
24.8
,e
RF
618.0
608.0
599.0
589.0
580.0
570.0
561.0
551.0
542.0
532.0
523.0
513.0
504.0
494.0
485.0
475.0
466.0
456.0
447.0
437.0
428.0
418.0
408.0
399.0
389.0
380.0
370.0
361.0
351.0
342.0
332.0
HRB
H
B,
HV
940.0
920.0
900.0
880.0
860.0
840.0
820.0
800.0
780.0
760.0
740.0
720.0
700.0
690.0
680.0
670.0
660.0
650.0
640.0
630.0
620.0
610.0
600.0
590.0
580.0
570.0
560.0
550.0
540.0
530.0
520.0
510.0
500.0
490.0
480.0
470.0
460.0
450.0
440.0
430.0
420.0
410.0
400.0
390.0
380.0
370.0
360.0
350.0
HRA
67.6
67.0
66.4
65.8
65.2
64.8
64.5
64.2
63.8
63.5
63.1
62.7
kw
upe
ell
0.6
rfici
Sc
ale
Sc
s(
HR
ale
al R
3d
HR
HR45N
75.4
74.8
74.2
73.6
73.1
72.2
71.8
71.0
70.2
69.4
68.6
67.7
66.7
66.2
65.7
65.3
64.7
64.1
63.5
63.0
62.4
61.7
61.2
60.5
59.9
59.3
58.6
57.8
57.0
56.2
55.6
54.7
53.9
53.1
52.2
51.3
50.4
49.4
48.4
47.4
46.4
45.3
44.1
42.9
41.7
40.4
39.1
37.8
Loading
position
position
(
les
ca
HR30N
84.4
84.0
83.6
83.1
82.7
82.2
81.7
81.1
80.4
79.7
79.1
78.4
77.6
77.2
76.8
76.4
75.9
75.5
75.1
74.6
74.2
73.6
73.2
72.7
72.1
71.7
71.2
70.5
70.0
69.5
69.0
68.3
67.7
67.1
66.4
65.7
64.9
64.3
63.5
62.7
61.9
61.1
60.2
59.3
58.4
57.4
56.4
55.4
6d
ll S
Ba
HR15N
93.2
93.0
92.9
92.7
92.5
92.3
92.1
91.8
91.5
91.2
91.0
90.7
90.3
90.1
89.8
89.7
89.5
89.2
89.0
88.8
88.5
88.2
88.0
87.8
87.5
87.2
86.9
86.6
86.3
86.0
85.7
85.4
85.0
84.7
84.3
83.9
83.6
83.2
82.8
82.3
81.8
81.4
80.8
80.3
79.8
79.2
78.6
78.0
ell
HRD
76.9
76.5
76.1
75.7
75.3
74.8
74.3
73.8
73.3
72.6
72.1
71.5
70.8
70.5
70.1
69.8
69.4
69.0
68.7
68.3
67.9
67.5
67.0
66.7
66.2
65.8
65.4
64.8
64.4
63.9
63.5
62.9
62.2
61.6
61.3
60.7
60.1
59.4
58.8
58.2
57.5
56.8
56.0
55.3
54.4
53.6
52.8
51.9
3d
kw
HRC
68.0
67.5
67.0
66.4
65.9
65.3
64.7
64.0
63.3
62.5
61.8
61.0
60.1
59.7
59.2
58.8
58.3
57.8
57.3
56.8
56.3
55.7
55.2
54.7
54.1
53.6
53.0
52.3
51.7
51.1
50.5
49.8
49.1
48.4
47.7
46.9
46.1
45.3
44.5
43.6
42.7
41.8
40.8
39.8
38.8
37.7
36.6
35.5
Measurement
Measurement
position
position
2.5d
c
Ro
HRA
85.6
85.3
85.0
84.7
84.4
84.1
83.8
83.4
83.0
82.6
82.2
81.8
81.3
81.1
80.8
80.6
80.3
80.0
79.8
79.5
79.2
78.9
78.6
78.4
78.0
77.8
77.4
77.0
76.7
76.4
76.1
75.7
75.3
74.9
74.5
74.1
73.6
73.3
73.0
72.3
71.8
71.4
70.8
70.3
69.8
69.2
68.7
68.1
Definition
HV = 0.102 F/A
= 0.1891 F/d
F ... Test load in N
A ... Indentation surface in mm
d ... Arithmetic average value of
the diagonal lengths in mm
Loading
Loading
position
position
(steel, copper)
(light metal)
ock
0.58
0.69
0.80
0.92
1.05
1.19
1.34
1.50
1.67
2.04
2.46
2.92
3.43
4.00
HR
C,
wel
0.4
A,
D=5
et
l Sc
c.)
ales
average indentation
diameter
D=10
1.17
1.38
1.60
1.84
2.10
2.68
3.34
4.08
4.91
5.83
6.86
8.00
d (mm)
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.6
4.0
4.4
4.8
5.2
5.6
6.0
0.2
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
Hardness
The above graphs are based on the internationally accepted recommendation that specifies a minimum thickness, not less than ten times (fifteen times) the depth indentation using a cone indenter (ball indenter). It is also
recommended that the indentation causes no visible mark or deformation on the under surface of the test piece.
No responsibility is taken for the correctness of this information. All data at ambient temperature. All rights reserved. Copyright by Zwick 2015
(HR...N/T)
3d
8h
6 mm
indentation distances:
2.5d
d
1
1 or 2 mm
Minimum Thickness
d2
(HRC, D, A)
d2
3 mm
ZHU250
Measurement quantity
Brinell hardness HB. Two diameters, at right angles to one another,
of the remaining indentation in the
specimen surface are measured.
1.5d
Measurement
Measurement
position
position
FF
indentation distances:
Loading
position
position
3 mm
ZHU2.5/zwickiLine
Initial
Initial
position
position
Definition
HR = N - h/S
N ... Numerical value (determined
for each Rockwell method)
h ... Remaining indentation depth
in mm
S ... Scale value in mm
This value is the change in indentation depth in mm that corresponds to one Rockwell unit.
ZHV30/zwickiLine
Measurement quantity
Vickers hardness HV.
The lengths of both diagonals of
the remaining test indentation are
measured.
FF
ZHN2.0 Nanoindenter
ZHU250CL
10h
indentation distances:
Measurement quantity
Rockwell hardness HR. The indentation depth h is measured in mm.
FF00
ZHV
FFm
m
ZHV10
ZHR8150SK
F0
0
Reference
Referencelevel
level
ZHV30-s
d
1
ZHR4150AK
ZHV, ZHR
handling system