EXPERIMENT NO.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the time headway between the vehicles in a particular traffic stream

EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR THE TEST:

Video Camera and its accessories
Tripod
METHODOLOGY:
The headway between vehicles in a traffic stream is of fundamental importance in traffic
engineering applications. Time headway is defined as the time that taken by the bump of the
consecutive vehicles to cross the same point. The distribution of these headways has been studied,
with the primary interest being application to capacity estimation, safety analysis, and generation of
vehicles in microscopic simulations.
The microscopic character related to volume is the time headway or simply headway. If all
headways h in time t, over which flow has been measured are added then,

=
1

But the flow is defined as the number of vehicles measured in time interval t, that is;
=

1
= =

Where, is the average headway. Thus average headway is the inverse of flow. Time headway
is often referred to as simply the headway.
Hence, the horizontal gap between any two consecutive lines in Figure 1 gives the time headway
between the vehicles represented by the lines. The reciprocal of flow (across a point) gives the
average time headway between vehicles at that point.

PROCEDURE:
1. Select a suitable cross section on the road.
2. Place the video camera at a little distance from the nearest edge of the road or at any
elevated (highest place) depending upon the site condition.
3. To mark the two desirable cross sections on the road observers have to move on both
sections and that process should recorded.
4. After that the video is played on the computer frame by frame and a section is chosen and
data of vehicles crossing that section is taken.500 such vehicle data are collected.

RESULTS:
FREQUENCY DIAGRAMS & OGIVES
ALL VEHICLES
60
50
40
30
20
10

50-50.5

48-48.5

40-40.5
40.5

46.-46.5

38-38.5
38.5

44-44.5

36-36.5
36.5

42-42.5

34-34.5
34.5

32-32.5

30-30.5

28-28.5

26-26.5

24-24.5

22-22.5

20-20.5

18-18.5

16-16.5

14-14.5

12-12.5

10-10.5

8.0-8.5

6.0-6.5

4.0-4.5

0-0.5

2.0-2.5

Time headway interval (sec)

50.5

48.5

46.5

44.5

42.5

32.5

30.5

28.5

26.5

24.5

22.5

20.5

18.5

16.5

14.5

12.5

10.5

8.5

6.5

4.5

2.5

0.5

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

0.5
2
3.5
5
6.5
8
9.5
11
12.5
14
15.5
17
18.5
20
21.5
23
24.5
26
27.5
29
30.5
32
33.5
35
36.5
38
39.5
41
42.5
44
45.5
47
48.5
50
0.5
2
3.5
5
6.5
8
9.5
11
12.5
14
15.5
17
18.5
20
21.5
23
24.5
26
27.5
29
30.5
32
33.5
35
36.5
38
39.5
41
42.5
44
45.5
47
48.5
50

CAR-CAR INTERACTION

60

50

40

30

20

10

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0-0.5
0.5-1
1-1.5
1.5-2
2-2.5
2.5-3
2-3.5
3.5-4
4-4.5
4.5-5
5-5.5
5.5-6
6-6.6
6.5-7
7-7.5
7.5-8
8-8.5
8.5-9
9-9.5
9.5-10
10-10.5
10.5-11
11-11.5
11.5-12
12-12.5
12.5-13
13-13.5
13.5-14
14-14.5
14.5-15
15-15.5
15.5-16
16-16.5

CAR-LCV INTERACTION

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 1010.51111.51212.51313.51414.51515.51616.51717.5

50.5

48.5

46.5

44.5

42.5

40.5

38.5

36.5

34.5

32.5

30.5

28.5

26.5

24.5

22.5

20.5

18.5

16.5

14.5

12.5

10.5

8.5

6.5

4.5

2.5

0.5

0.5
2.5
4.5
6.5
8.5
10.5
12.5
14.5
16.5
18.5
20.5
22.5
24.5
26.5
28.5
30.5
32.5
34.5
36.5
38.5
40.5
42.5
44.5
46.5
48.5
50.5

TRUCK-REST OF THE VEHICLES

12

10

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

NEGATIVE EXPONENTIAL FITS

ALL VEHICLES

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0
-10

10

20

30

40

50

60

CAR-CAR INTERACTION

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

CAR-LCV INTERACTION

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
-1

10

12

14

16

18

LCV-BUS/TRUCK INTERACTION

3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

6.5

7.5

8.5

9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5

TRUCK-REST OF THE VEHICLES

12

10

observed
Expected

0
0
-2

10

20

30

40

50

60

2 ANALYSIS RESULTS (at 5% significance level)

ALL
Vehicle

CAR-CAR

CAR-LCV

VEHICLES

LCV-

TRUCK-

BUS/TRUCK

REST OF

Types

THE

interaction

VEHICLES

129.43

9.61

33.76

29.63

100.68

123.22

9.49

44.97

33.92

124.34

REJECTED

REJECTED

ACCEPTED

ACCEPTED

ACCEPTED

critical

DISCUSSION:

The 2 test yields that the goodness of fit is for negative exponential test is satisfactory for
CAR-LCV, LCV-TRUCK/BUS & TRUCK-REST OF THE VEHICLES for 5%
significance level.

The 2 test yields that the goodness of fit is for negative exponential test is unsatisfactory
for CAR-CAR & ALL VEHICLES for 5% significance level.