Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
PAPER 99-38
This paper is to be presented at the 1999 CSPG and Petroleum Society Joint Convention, Digging Deeper, Finding a Better Bottom Line, in Calgary,
Alberta, Canada, June 14 18, 1999. Discussion of this paper is invited and may be presented at the meeting if filed in writing with the technical
program chairman prior to the conclusion of the meeting. This paper and any discussion filed will be considered for publication in Petroleum Society
journals. Publication rights are reserved. This is a pre-print and subject to correction.
ABSTRACT
Measured fluid properties from four reservoirs are used to
compare property prediction results using an equation of
state (EOS) method and different PVT correlations available
in the literature. These fluid properties include oil bubble
point pressure, oil formation volume factor, solution gas-oil
ratio, gas formation volume factor, and gas and oil
viscosities. It is shown that with properly characterized EOS
analysis, even without the use of regression, one can match
all the measured property values better than by using
correlations. It is noted that one correlation can generally
predict one or more of the parameters better than the other
correlations. However, no one correlation can match all
measured data consistently.
INTRODUCTION
PVT properties such as oil bubble point pressure, oil
formation volume factor, solution gas-oil ratio, gas formation
volume factor, and gas and oil viscosities are required for
reservoir studies. However, they are not always available or
only an incomplete data set may be available. Hence,
engineers have to use either an equation of state (EOS)
SUMMARY OF CORRELATIONS
2.
Based on the above results, one can conclude that (1) EOS
calculation can match measured Z-factors better than
correlations, and (2) EOS and correlations can both be used
to generate gas viscosity for reservoir studies.
2.
Bo Values Above Pb
All correlations and EOS calculated Bo values above Pb
match the measured values within the acceptable range
except for Reservoir 4. Since the equations used to calculate
Bo values above Pb are nearly linear, the accuracy of Bo
values above Pb is tied to the accuracy of Bob as shown in
Table 6.
Bo Values Below Pb
(1) The error ranges from 0.17 to 40%. The worst match is
for Reservoirs 3 and 4. Reservoir 3 is a low GOR fluid;
the measured values ranged from 86 to 108 scf/stb.
Reservoir 4 had the measurement problem and thus
comparison is not valid.
(2) The EOS is not within acceptable range for two wells,
well #2 of Reservoir 3 and well #14 of Reservoir 4.
(3) Labedis correlation predicts the Rs values within
acceptable range for all reservoir fluids, (i.e. the error
ranged from 0.17 to 6.52%). But, because Labedis
correlation uses separator properties, the Rs values must
be interpolated between separator and stock tank
conditions(28) (i.e., Rs=0 at stock tank conditions).
each step(20 to 26), but there are only two correlations which
provide all four viscosity calculation steps (Labedi and
Kartoatmodjo-Schmidt).
(1) The EOS results match the measured values and are well
within acceptable range except in the region below the
separator conditions.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
NOMENCLATURES
B
C
T
P
g
o
yi
xi
zi
Vf
Z
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Subscripts
b
c
d
g
i
o
r
R
pc
pr
p
sc
sep
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
bubble point
critical properties
dead oil
gas phase
composition of component
oil phase
reservoir conditions
absolute temperature
pseudo-critical
pseudo-reduced
separator conditions
standard conditions
separator conditions
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Correlation Name
Standing
Wichart & Aziz
Dranchuk & Abou-Kassem
Lee et al
Al-Marhoun
Glaso
Dokla & Osman
Labedi
Lasater
Vasquez & Beggs
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
Majeed & Salman
Beal
Beggs & Robinson
Chew & Connally
Pb
Bob
Bg
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
ob
X
X
Rs
Bo
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
13
14
15
An "X" means that the correlation is for the corresponding PVT property.
X
X
X
X
X
N1
392
0.865
39
156
87
95
88
346
0.906
38.2
161
100
100
1
1658
0.841
40
271.4
120
295
8
1205
0.832
38.9
271.4
158
441
2
108
1.124
33.8
124
78
60
14
86
0.851
32.1
146
100
60
1
2250
1.185
47.9
295
220
655
14
2461
0.998
53.4
309
150
615
1387
1.247
0.881
1152
1.211
1.02
5105
1.9573
0.32
4244
1.6301
0.37
377
1.093
3.04
520
1.088
3.69
4000
2.542
0.104
4156
2.903
0.101
8
1205
4244
4264
4383
4363
3139
4220
4246
4682
4972
2
108
377
353
369
327
502
432
349
433
398
14
86
520
548
427
389
545
610
402
499
440
1
2250
4000
3003
4383
4419
3286
3488
3490
4709
5306
8
1.630
1.711
1.781
1.732
1.825
1.869
1.771
1.754
1.524
1.767
2
1.093
1.080
1.079
1.062
1.029
1.115
1.092
1.086
1.083
1.079
14
1.088
1.079
1.074
1.055
1.044
1.094
1.094
1.085
1.077
1.071
1
2.542
2.508
2.816
2.588
2.930
2.550
2.904
2.572
2.317
2.532
1
N1
392
1372
1396
1274
1477
1554
1283
1267
1416
1344
2
88
346
1152
1214
1155
1313
1364
1319
1132
1288
1229
1
1658
5105
5113
5453
5274
3927
4560
4683
5859
6336
4
14
2461
4156
4363
5120
5152
4329
3981
4180
5564
6054
1
N1
1.247
1.242
1.229
1.206
1.212
1.331
1.256
1.236
1.199
1.295
2
88
1.211
1.229
1.215
1.191
1.202
1.256
1.236
1.223
1.183
1.185
1
1.957
1.932
2.079
1.999
2.106
2.079
2.309
1.988
1.922
1.957
4
14
2.903
2.746
3.033
2.735
3.210
2.822
3.400
2.866
2.587
3.550
1
N1
392
1372
1.76
-7.17
7.67
13.23
-6.51
-7.66
3.18
-2.07
All but 4
1
2
88
346
1152
5.36
0.27
14.01
18.44
14.46
-1.75
11.77
6.64
1,2,6,8
2
1
1658
5105
0.15
6.81
3.31
-23.07
-10.68
-8.26
14.77
24.12
1, 2, 3, 6
1
3
8
1205
4244
0.46
3.28
2.81
-26.03
-0.56
0.04
10.31
17.15
1,2,3,5,6
6
2
108
377
-6.50
-2.12
-13.36
33.21
14.58
-7.50
14.92
5.51
1, 2,6,8
2
4
14
86
520
5.38
-17.91
-25.24
4.84
17.39
-22.75
-4.03
-15.34
1,4,7
7
1
2250
4000
-24.92
9.57
10.48
-17.85
-12.80
-12.75
17.72
32.64
2
2
14
2461
4156
4.97
23.19
23.97
4.17
-4.22
0.57
33.88
45.66
1, 4,5,6
6
1
N1
1.247
-0.41
-1.43
-3.27
-2.78
6.72
0.75
-0.86
-3.85
3.85
all
1
2
88
1.211
1.49
0.34
-1.61
-0.72
3.70
2.03
0.99
-2.31
-2.15
all
2
1
1.957
-1.30
6.23
2.11
7.62
6.19
17.98
1.58
-1.82
-0.02
all but 6
9
3
8
1.630
4.96
9.28
6.27
11.94
14.67
8.64
7.60
-6.52
8.40
all but 4,5
1
2
1.093
-1.18
-1.28
-2.81
-5.88
2.02
-0.08
-0.68
-0.95
-1.28
all
6
8
1205
1292
1159
1160
1073
1208
1013
1128
2
108
72
111
122
92
110
102
83
8
7.19
-3.80
-3.74
-11.00
0.24
-15.89
-6.39
1,2,3,5,7
2
2
-33.56
2.44
12.91
-15.21
2.29
-5.70
-23.15
2, 5, 6
2
14
1.088
-0.79
-1.27
-3.03
-4.09
0.57
0.52
-0.25
-1.03
-1.56
all
7
4
1
14
2.542
2.903
-1.33
-5.39
10.78
4.48
1.82
-5.77
15.25
10.57
0.31
-2.80
14.22
17.12
1.18
-1.26
-8.84
-10.90
-0.39
22.29
all but 2,4,6 1,2,3,5,7
5
7
1
N1
392
337
420
356
371
388
394
378
2
88
346
278
345
303
303
349
322
322
1
1658
2001
1535
1584
1410
1661
1628
1540
4
14
86
70
108
111
90
88
103
78
1
2250
2965
1980
1927
1820
2213
1622
2352
14
-19.14
25.29
28.92
5.00
2.51
19.98
-9.30
4,5,7
5
1
31.78
-12.01
-14.34
-19.11
-1.66
-27.91
4.53
5,7
5
14
2461
2585
2039
1931
1852
2622
1735
2141
1
N1
-14.09
7.23
-9.08
-5.37
-1.14
0.49
-3.57
All but 1
6
2
88
-19.74
-0.33
-12.49
-12.37
0.74
-6.79
-6.94
2,5,6,7
2
1
20.67
-7.44
-4.46
-14.93
0.17
-1.81
-7.12
2,3,5,6,7
5
4
14
5.05
-17.15
-21.52
-24.76
6.52
-29.50
-13.00
5
5
1.2
1.0
0.9
0.8
Pb =1387 Psia
0.7
Well #2
1.0
0.8
Z-Factor
Z-Factor
1.2
Well #14
1.1
0.6
Standing
EOS
Pb = 377 Psia
0.4
0.6
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
0.2
5000
Pressure (Psia)
200
400
600
800
Pressure (Psia)
1.2
Well #88
Well #14
1.1
1.0
Z-Factor
Z-Factor
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.9
0.8
Pb =520 Psia
0.7
0.6
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
500
1000
Pressure (Psia)
1500
2000
Pressure (Psia)
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Well #1
1.1
1.0
Z-Factor
Z-Factor
Pb = 5105 Psia
Standing
EOS
0.9
Pb = 4000 Psia
0.8
0.7
0.6 Well #1
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Pressure (Psia)
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
1.6
Well #8
Well #14
1.4
1.2
Z-Factor
Z-Factor
Pressure (Psia)
Pb = 4244 Psia
1.0
Pb = 4156 Psia
0.8
0.6
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000
0.050
N1-EOS
0.040
0.030
88-EOS
0.020
0.040
2-EOS
14-Lee, Pb = 520 Psia
0.030
14-EOS
0.020
0.010
0.010
0.000
0.000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
500
1500
2000
Pressure (Psia)
Pressure (Psia)
0.05
0.04
Gas Viscosity (cp)
1000
0.03
0.02
1-EOS
0.040
0.030
0.020
0.010
0.01
0.000
0.00
0
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000
1000
2000
3000
4000
Pressure (Psia)
5000
6000
400
300
Well #1
Rs (Scf/bbl)
Rs (Scf/bbl)
200
100
250
Rs-EOS
Rs-Meas
Lasater
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Labedi
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
300
200
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Rs-Meas
Lasater
Standing
Glaso
Labedi
150
100
50
0
0
Rs-EOS
Well #2
6000
500
1000
Pressure (Psia)
2000
300
400
250
Well #88
300
Rs (Scf/bbl)
Rs (Scf/bbl)
1500
Pressure (Psia)
Rs-EOS
Rs-Meas
Lasater
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Labedi
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
200
100
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
200
150
Rs-EOS
Rs-Meas
Lasater
Standing
Glaso
Labedi
100
50
0
0
3000
500
Well #3
1500
1000
2000
Pressure (Psia)
Pressure (Psia)
2000
1500
1000
3500
Well #1
Rs (Scf/bbl)
Rs (Scf/bbl)
2500
500
Rs-EOS
Rs-Meas
Lasater
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Labedi
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
Well #1
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1000
Pressure (Psia)
2000
Well #8
4000
500
2000
1500
1000
2000
3000
6000
1000
Well #14
500
0
0
5000
Rs-EOS
Rs-Meas
Lasater
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Labedi
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
2500
Rs (Scf/bbl)
Rs (Scf/bbl)
1000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
3000
Rs-EOS
Rs-Meas
Lasater
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Labedi
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
1500
2000
4000
5000
6000
0
0
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000
1.5
Well #1
Well #2
1.30
Bo (RB/Stb)
Bo (RB/Stb)
1.20
1.0
Bo-EOS
Bo-Meas
Al-Marhoun
Standing
Glaso
Labedi
0.5
1.10
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
1.6
Standing
Glaso
500
2000
Well #14
1.3
Bo (RB/Stb)
1.2
1.0
0.8
Bo-EOS
Bo-Meas
Al-Marhoun
Standing
0.6
Glaso
Labedi
1000
2000
3000
1.1
1.0
0.9
Bo-EOS
Al-Marhoun
Glaso
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
0.8
0.7
0
5000
500
3.0
Well #1
Bo-EOS
Bo-Meas
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
2.5
Bo-EOS
Al-Marhoun
Glaso
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
Bo (RB/Stb)
1.5
0.5
1500
2000
2.0
1.0
1000
Pressure (Psia)
Bo-Meas
Standing
Vazquez & Beggs
Labedi
0.6
4000
Pressure (Psia)
Bo (RB/Stb)
1500
1.2
0.4
Bo-Meas
Standing
Vazquez & Beggs
0.0
Well #1
2.0
1.5
1.0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1000
2000
Pressure (Psia)
4.0
3.0
3.5
Bo (RB/Stb)
2.0
1.5
1.0
3000
4000
Pressure (Psia)
EOS
Meas
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
Well #8
Bo-EOS
Bo-Meas
Al-Marhoun
Standing
Glaso
Vazquez & Beggs
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
2.5
Bo (RB/Stb)
Labedi
1000
Pressure (Psia)
1.4
Well #59
1.4
Bo (RB/Stb)
Bo-Meas
Al-Marhoun
0.60
0
Bo-EOS
3.0
5000
6000
Well #14
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000
EOS
Meas.
Labedi
Beal
Vazquez & Beggs
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
Chew & Connally
Well #N1
1.5
6.0
Oil Viscosity (cp)
2.0
1.0
0.5
Pb = 1387 psia
0.0
EOS
Labedi
Vazquez & Beggs
Chew & Connally
Well #2
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
Pb = 377 psia
1.0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
500
1000
1.0
Pb = 1152 psia
Well #88
0.5
7.0
EOS
Meas.
Labedi
Beal
Vazquez & Beggs
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
1.5
EOS
Meas.
6.0
Labedi
Beal
5.0
3.0
2.0
Well #14
Pb = 520 psia
1.0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
500
1000
Pressure (Psia)
EOS
Labedi
Beal
1.0
Pb = 5105 psia
0.5
EOS
Meas.
Labedi
Beal
Vazquez & Beggs
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
Chew & Connally
0.6
Oil Viscosity (cp)
1.5
2000
2.0
1500
Pressure (Psia)
2000
4.0
0.0
Well #1
0.5
0.4
0.3
Well #1
Pb = 4000 psia
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1000
2000
Pressure (Psia)
2.0
Well #8
1.5
3000
4000
5000
6000
Pressure (Psia)
0.7
EOS
Meas.
Labedi
Beal
1.0
Pb = 4244 psia
0.5
1500
Pressure (Psia)
Pressure (Psia)
2.0
Meas.
Beal
Kartoatmodjo & Schmidt
Beggs & Robinson
0.6
Well #14
0.5
0.4
EOS
Meas
Labedi
Beal
0.3
Pb = 4156 psia
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000
1000
2000
3000
Pressure (Psia)
4000
5000
6000