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The United
Nations and
Changing
World Politics,
Second Edition
Thomas G. Weiss
Brown University

David P. Forsythe
University of Nebraska

Roger A. Coate
University of South Carolina

tt WestviewPress
A Division of HarperCdl'msPublishers

Contents

List of Tables and Illustrations

Foreword to the Second Edition, Inis L. Claude, Jr.
Preface to the Second Edition
List of Acronyms

Introduction

ix
xiii
xv
xxi

. The Legal Foundations of Sovereignty, 4

State Sovereignty, 5
Changing Raisons d'tat, 9
The United Nations: Actor or Framework? 11
UN Politics, 14
Notes, 17

Part One
1

International Peace and Security

The Theory of UN Collective Security

21

Pioneering Cooperation: The Nineteenth Century and the

League of Nations, 22
Collective Security in General, 25
The United Nations and Security: Some Basics, 28
Regional Arrangements, 37
Straying from the Course, 43
Notes, 44
2

The Reality of UN Security Efforts During the Cold War

The Early Years: Palestine, Korea, Suez, the Congo, 46

Understanding Peacekeeping, 52
"Chapter Six and a Half" on Hold, 1978-1988,58
Economic Sanctions, 60
Notes, 62

46

ll

Contents

3 - UN Security Operations After the Cold War

64

A Changing World: New Goals, New Roles, 64

The First UN Military Operations .
After the End of the Cold War, 1988-1993,65
The Rebirth of Peacekeeping, 67
Moving Toward the Next Generation, 69
Moving Toward Enforcement, 72
Nonforcible Sanctions in the Post-Cold War Era:
Humanitarian Dilemmas, 76
Operational Quandaries in Cambodia,
the Former Yugoslavia, Somalia, Rwanda, and Haiti, 78
* Conclusion, 90
Notes, 94
4

Groping Toward the Twenty-first Century

99

Political Dynamics at the End of the 1990s, 99

Operational Changes: Adapting to New Conflicts, 106
Representational Changes: Adapting the
Organization's Structure to the Interstate System, 110
Professional Changes: Strengthening the Secretariat, 115
Notes, 117

Part IWo
5

Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs

The United Nations, Human Rights, and

Humanitarian Affairs: The Theory

123

Understanding Rights, 125

International Origins, 126
Basic Norms in the UN Era, 130
Core Norms Beyond the Charter, 135
Supplementing the Core, 139
Notes, 144
6 - The United Nations and Applying Human Rights Standards
The Security Council, 147
The General Assembly, 152
The Office of the Secretary-General, 154
The High Commissioner for Human Rights, 156
The Human Rights Commission, 157
Supplemental Human Rights Bodies, 161

146

Contents

vfi

Supervising Rights and Development, 170

Emergency Assistance, 173
Notes, 177
7

Change, the United Nations, and Human Rights

180

Overview of the United Nations and Rights, 180

More on Raisons d'Btat, 183
State Coalitions, 185
Nonstate Actors, 187
Theories of Change, 190
Notes, 196

Part Three
8

Building Peace Through Sustainable Development

Developmentalism and the United Nations

201

The Origins of Development Policy in the World Organization, 203

Winds of Change, 210
The Call for the New International Economic Order, 213
Shifting Ground, 220
Notes, 222
9

Ecodevelopment and the United Nations

224

UNCHE and Ecodevelopment, 226

Institutional Foundations, 227
Static Action in a Dynamic Social Environment, 231
The Dialectics of Ecodevelopment, 235
NGOs: A Formal Courtship, 235
Growing NGO Influence, 237
The Second Wave, 238
The Rio Process, 239
Notes, 245
10

Sustainable Development and Human Security:

Problems and Prospects for the UN Beyond the 1990s
The Evolving Development Discourse:
Issue Linkage and Convergence, 247
Getting Beyond Rio: Engendering Effective Cooperation, 248
Beyond Sovereignty, 252
The UN and Human Security in the Twenty-first Century, 259
Notes, 263

246

vfii

Contents
Conclusion: Learning from Change

265

Articulation of Interests and Aggregation of Interest Groups, 269

Rule Making, 274
Rule Enforcement, 277
Some Final Thoughts, 281
Notes, 282
Appendix: The United Nations System
For Further Reading
About the Book and Authors
Index

285
287
301
303